Pub Date : 2024-01-17DOI: 10.1177/02670844231214685
Mugilvalavan Mohan, M. Radhakrishnan, Yuvaraj Natarajan
The main objective of the study is to investigate the effects of parameters standoff-distance, waterjet pressure, traverse speed and number of passes used in the waterjet peening process on AZ31B-Mg alloy to assess surface grain refinement's potential and to improve the alloy's functionality in the biological environment, followed by the study of enhancement in hardening and roughening effect on AZ31B-Mg alloy surface. The optimal parametric condition required for investigating surface texture, X-ray diffraction analysis and electrochemical corrosion analysis with simulated body fluid was obtained through the multi-criteria optimisation, Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution, which employs microhardness and surface roughness as response variables. The obtained results show significant improvement in mechanical and corrosion-inhibiting features of AZ31B-Mg alloy. Further, the biocompatibility of waterjet peened and unpeened surfaces was examined using 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay and fluorescence analysis with MG63 cell lines.
{"title":"Investigation of process parameters influence in waterjet peening of AZ31B-Mg alloy for bioimplant applications","authors":"Mugilvalavan Mohan, M. Radhakrishnan, Yuvaraj Natarajan","doi":"10.1177/02670844231214685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02670844231214685","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of the study is to investigate the effects of parameters standoff-distance, waterjet pressure, traverse speed and number of passes used in the waterjet peening process on AZ31B-Mg alloy to assess surface grain refinement's potential and to improve the alloy's functionality in the biological environment, followed by the study of enhancement in hardening and roughening effect on AZ31B-Mg alloy surface. The optimal parametric condition required for investigating surface texture, X-ray diffraction analysis and electrochemical corrosion analysis with simulated body fluid was obtained through the multi-criteria optimisation, Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution, which employs microhardness and surface roughness as response variables. The obtained results show significant improvement in mechanical and corrosion-inhibiting features of AZ31B-Mg alloy. Further, the biocompatibility of waterjet peened and unpeened surfaces was examined using 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay and fluorescence analysis with MG63 cell lines.","PeriodicalId":21995,"journal":{"name":"Surface Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139527681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-15DOI: 10.1177/02670844231214690
H. Bhatt, Lavanya Negi
Ni thin films grown by thermal evaporation and sputtering under different deposition conditions are characterised by structural and morphological properties using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques. XRD results suggested the growth of polycrystalline face-centred cubic Ni phase for all the samples. Morphological characteristics of the films were compared by analysing AFM data for root mean square roughness, height–height correlation function and power spectral density (PSD) measurements. Applying fractal and k-correlation fitting models to the PSD data, different morphological parameters are quantified. The study suggested that Ni films grown at higher substrate temperature (∼150 °C) by thermal evaporation and at low Ar pressure (∼0.2 Pa) by sputtering techniques yielded films of small surface roughness with a Brownian fractal self-affine surface.
利用 X 射线衍射 (XRD) 和原子力显微镜 (AFM) 技术，对在不同沉积条件下通过热蒸发和溅射法生长的镍薄膜的结构和形态特性进行了表征。X 射线衍射结果表明，所有样品都生长了多晶面心立方镍相。通过分析原子力显微镜的均方根粗糙度、高度相关函数和功率谱密度测量数据，比较了薄膜的形态特征。对 PSD 数据应用分形和 k 相关拟合模型，量化了不同的形态参数。研究表明，在较高的基底温度（∼150 °C）下通过热蒸发和在较低的氩气压力（∼0.2 Pa）下通过溅射技术生长的镍薄膜具有较小的表面粗糙度和布朗分形自阿芬表面。
{"title":"Power spectral density analysis to investigate morphology of Ni films","authors":"H. Bhatt, Lavanya Negi","doi":"10.1177/02670844231214690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02670844231214690","url":null,"abstract":"Ni thin films grown by thermal evaporation and sputtering under different deposition conditions are characterised by structural and morphological properties using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques. XRD results suggested the growth of polycrystalline face-centred cubic Ni phase for all the samples. Morphological characteristics of the films were compared by analysing AFM data for root mean square roughness, height–height correlation function and power spectral density (PSD) measurements. Applying fractal and k-correlation fitting models to the PSD data, different morphological parameters are quantified. The study suggested that Ni films grown at higher substrate temperature (∼150 °C) by thermal evaporation and at low Ar pressure (∼0.2 Pa) by sputtering techniques yielded films of small surface roughness with a Brownian fractal self-affine surface.","PeriodicalId":21995,"journal":{"name":"Surface Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139621293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-15DOI: 10.1177/02670844231220245
Fengyu Sun, Xinyue Lan, Ping Wang
To research the impact of various Er2(SO4)3 additions on the TC11 alloy's micro-arc oxidation (MAO) coating, the MAO coating was tested and examined using scanning electron microscopes (SEM), X-ray diffractometers (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and electrochemical workstations. The findings demonstrate that the addition of Er2(SO4)3 raises the oxidation voltage, improves the uniformity of the discharge, reduces the dimension of the discharge micropores on the surface, and increases the density and thickness of the coating. The coatings contain the Er element, which appears as Er2O3, and it helps to refine the grain size, which encourages the formation of hard phases like anatase TiO2 and rutile TiO2 and enhances the coatings’ hardness, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance. At an amount of 1.5 g L−1, the Er2(SO4)3 enhanced the overall performance of the coating.
为了研究各种 Er2(SO4)3 添加量对 TC11 合金微弧氧化（MAO）涂层的影响，使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X 射线衍射仪（XRD）、X 射线光电子能谱（XPS）和电化学工作站对 MAO 涂层进行了测试和检验。研究结果表明，Er2(SO4)3 的加入提高了氧化电压，改善了放电的均匀性，减小了表面放电微孔的尺寸，并增加了涂层的密度和厚度。涂层中的 Er 元素以 Er2O3 的形式出现，它有助于细化晶粒尺寸，促进锐钛型 TiO2 和金红石型 TiO2 等硬质相的形成，提高涂层的硬度、耐磨性和耐腐蚀性。当添加量为 1.5 g L-1 时，Er2(SO4)3 可提高涂层的整体性能。
{"title":"Effects of Er2(SO4)3 doping on characteristics of MAO coating","authors":"Fengyu Sun, Xinyue Lan, Ping Wang","doi":"10.1177/02670844231220245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02670844231220245","url":null,"abstract":"To research the impact of various Er2(SO4)3 additions on the TC11 alloy's micro-arc oxidation (MAO) coating, the MAO coating was tested and examined using scanning electron microscopes (SEM), X-ray diffractometers (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and electrochemical workstations. The findings demonstrate that the addition of Er2(SO4)3 raises the oxidation voltage, improves the uniformity of the discharge, reduces the dimension of the discharge micropores on the surface, and increases the density and thickness of the coating. The coatings contain the Er element, which appears as Er2O3, and it helps to refine the grain size, which encourages the formation of hard phases like anatase TiO2 and rutile TiO2 and enhances the coatings’ hardness, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance. At an amount of 1.5 g L−1, the Er2(SO4)3 enhanced the overall performance of the coating.","PeriodicalId":21995,"journal":{"name":"Surface Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139622331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-15DOI: 10.1177/02670844231221528
Rashed Mustafa Mazarbhuiya, M. Rahang
Utilising electro-discharge machining, powdered metallurgical tool materials are applied to coat the surface pattern-wise. The tool undergoes a thorough blending process followed by hydraulic pellet press. Essential evaluations encompass the determination of material deposition rate, tool wear rate, surface roughness, microhardness, layer thickness and wear rate. Characterisations confirm the presence of tool constituents, provide insights into its constituent's composition and reveal the formation of tungsten carbides on the uppermost surface of the deposit. Significantly, a substantially higher deposition rate of 4.9 mg/min is achieved when a compact load of 10 tons and a peak current of 2.5A are applied. Notably, the top surface exhibits a microhardness of 330.5 HV, while the base material maintains a hardness level of 98.7 HV. The maximum thickness of the deposited layer reaches 293.68 μm under identical conditions. These hard materials serve to mitigate the specific wear rate effectively.
{"title":"Experimental analysis of surface integrity in electro-discharge coating process","authors":"Rashed Mustafa Mazarbhuiya, M. Rahang","doi":"10.1177/02670844231221528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02670844231221528","url":null,"abstract":"Utilising electro-discharge machining, powdered metallurgical tool materials are applied to coat the surface pattern-wise. The tool undergoes a thorough blending process followed by hydraulic pellet press. Essential evaluations encompass the determination of material deposition rate, tool wear rate, surface roughness, microhardness, layer thickness and wear rate. Characterisations confirm the presence of tool constituents, provide insights into its constituent's composition and reveal the formation of tungsten carbides on the uppermost surface of the deposit. Significantly, a substantially higher deposition rate of 4.9 mg/min is achieved when a compact load of 10 tons and a peak current of 2.5A are applied. Notably, the top surface exhibits a microhardness of 330.5 HV, while the base material maintains a hardness level of 98.7 HV. The maximum thickness of the deposited layer reaches 293.68 μm under identical conditions. These hard materials serve to mitigate the specific wear rate effectively.","PeriodicalId":21995,"journal":{"name":"Surface Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139622320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-15DOI: 10.1177/02670844231214692
Luyu Chen, Tao Fu, Yingyi Zhang, Hong Wang, Shinan Li
Due to the rapid development of the nuclear industry, zirconium alloys have received more and more attention as accident-tolerant fuel for nuclear reactors. However, the oxidation rate of zirconium alloy fuel coating will increase rapidly in the high-temperature environment above 1000 °C, which leads to a catastrophic nuclear leakage event. The corrosion resistance of zirconium alloy can be significantly improved through the surface coating technology. In this work, the microstructure and phase composition evolutions of chromium coating, composite coating, multilayer coating and MAX phase coating before and after oxidation are introduced. In addition, the oxidation behaviour and failure mechanism of the surface coating of zirconium alloy were analysed and summarised. Finally, the main problems and challenges of coating on the zirconium alloy surface are summarised and prospected.
随着核工业的快速发展，锆合金作为核反应堆的事故耐受燃料受到越来越多的关注。然而，在 1000 °C 以上的高温环境中，锆合金燃料涂层的氧化率会迅速增加，从而导致灾难性的核泄漏事件。通过表面涂层技术可以显著提高锆合金的耐腐蚀性。本研究介绍了铬涂层、复合涂层、多层涂层和 MAX 相涂层在氧化前后的微观结构和相组成演变。此外，还分析和总结了锆合金表面涂层的氧化行为和失效机理。最后，对锆合金表面涂层的主要问题和挑战进行了总结和展望。
{"title":"Microstructure and high-temperature oxidation behaviour of anti-oxidation coating on zirconium alloys: An overview","authors":"Luyu Chen, Tao Fu, Yingyi Zhang, Hong Wang, Shinan Li","doi":"10.1177/02670844231214692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02670844231214692","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the rapid development of the nuclear industry, zirconium alloys have received more and more attention as accident-tolerant fuel for nuclear reactors. However, the oxidation rate of zirconium alloy fuel coating will increase rapidly in the high-temperature environment above 1000 °C, which leads to a catastrophic nuclear leakage event. The corrosion resistance of zirconium alloy can be significantly improved through the surface coating technology. In this work, the microstructure and phase composition evolutions of chromium coating, composite coating, multilayer coating and MAX phase coating before and after oxidation are introduced. In addition, the oxidation behaviour and failure mechanism of the surface coating of zirconium alloy were analysed and summarised. Finally, the main problems and challenges of coating on the zirconium alloy surface are summarised and prospected.","PeriodicalId":21995,"journal":{"name":"Surface Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139622026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-15DOI: 10.1177/02670844231221981
Zhenjun Hong, Yu Li, Binggang Liu, Xiaoshuai Jia
A Ni–Co-base superalloy was subjected to three different pack aluminising procedures (1000 °C for 3.5 h, 890 °C for 8 h and 620 °C for 10 h) to produce the Al-rich coating with simultaneously improved oxidation and wear resistance. All samples showed a multi-layer coating made up of (Ni, Fe, Co)Al phase, (Ni, Fe, Co)3Al phase and transition layer. The AT620 sample possessed the lowest oxidation rate but the highest double-edge-notched (DEN) strain during high-temperature stress rupture. The high oxidation resistance might be associated with the creation of Al2O3 layer (∼5.6 μm), contributing to an inhibition of oxygen permeation. However, a premature failure was caused by the strong deformation incompatibility between the substrate and alumina layer. The AT890 samples had higher oxidation and creep-induced-crack resistance than those of the AT1000 samples, which was the result of the effective Al inter-diffusions in the transition layer suppressing the undesirable Cr-rich σ phase.
{"title":"Effects of aluminised-coating on microstructure and properties of Ni–Co-base superalloys","authors":"Zhenjun Hong, Yu Li, Binggang Liu, Xiaoshuai Jia","doi":"10.1177/02670844231221981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02670844231221981","url":null,"abstract":"A Ni–Co-base superalloy was subjected to three different pack aluminising procedures (1000 °C for 3.5 h, 890 °C for 8 h and 620 °C for 10 h) to produce the Al-rich coating with simultaneously improved oxidation and wear resistance. All samples showed a multi-layer coating made up of (Ni, Fe, Co)Al phase, (Ni, Fe, Co)3Al phase and transition layer. The AT620 sample possessed the lowest oxidation rate but the highest double-edge-notched (DEN) strain during high-temperature stress rupture. The high oxidation resistance might be associated with the creation of Al2O3 layer (∼5.6 μm), contributing to an inhibition of oxygen permeation. However, a premature failure was caused by the strong deformation incompatibility between the substrate and alumina layer. The AT890 samples had higher oxidation and creep-induced-crack resistance than those of the AT1000 samples, which was the result of the effective Al inter-diffusions in the transition layer suppressing the undesirable Cr-rich σ phase.","PeriodicalId":21995,"journal":{"name":"Surface Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139620740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-15DOI: 10.1177/02670844231214691
Fujian Zhang, Ke Feng, Shuigen Wang, Ning Guo
A gradient composite coating of Cr–AlN with an outer Cr-rich layer and an inner AlN-rich layer was deposited on the alumina-forming austenitic (AFA) steel surface by pack-cementation chromising. The phase composition, element distribution, and microstructure of the coating were characterised and analysed. The microhardness and the friction and wear performance at 600 °C were tested. The results show that the outer Cr-rich layer mainly consists of a polycrystalline Cr–Fe solid solution and a small amount of Cr2C and (Cr, Fe)2N1− x particles. The inner layer contains plenty of AlN particles with different sizes dispersed on the Cr–Fe solid solution. The formation of AlN particles is closely related to the spontaneous chlorination and nitridation reaction. The addition of Y2O3 particles in the encapsulated powder promotes the uniformity of Cr plating and the growth of AlN particles. The gradient composite coating remarkably improves the microhardness and high-temperature wear resistance of AFA steel.
{"title":"Gradient Cr–AlN composite coating prepared on alumina-forming austenitic steel","authors":"Fujian Zhang, Ke Feng, Shuigen Wang, Ning Guo","doi":"10.1177/02670844231214691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02670844231214691","url":null,"abstract":"A gradient composite coating of Cr–AlN with an outer Cr-rich layer and an inner AlN-rich layer was deposited on the alumina-forming austenitic (AFA) steel surface by pack-cementation chromising. The phase composition, element distribution, and microstructure of the coating were characterised and analysed. The microhardness and the friction and wear performance at 600 °C were tested. The results show that the outer Cr-rich layer mainly consists of a polycrystalline Cr–Fe solid solution and a small amount of Cr2C and (Cr, Fe)2N1− x particles. The inner layer contains plenty of AlN particles with different sizes dispersed on the Cr–Fe solid solution. The formation of AlN particles is closely related to the spontaneous chlorination and nitridation reaction. The addition of Y2O3 particles in the encapsulated powder promotes the uniformity of Cr plating and the growth of AlN particles. The gradient composite coating remarkably improves the microhardness and high-temperature wear resistance of AFA steel.","PeriodicalId":21995,"journal":{"name":"Surface Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139621731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-15DOI: 10.1177/02670844231221974
Ondřej Stránský, Ivan Tarant, L. Beránek, František Holešovský, Sunil Pathak, J. Brajer, Tomáš Mocek, O. Denk
The industry's demand for intricate geometries has spurred research into additive manufacturing (AM). Customising material properties, including surface roughness, integrity and porosity reduction, are the key industrial goals. This necessitates a holistic approach integrating AM, laser shock peening (LSP) and non-planar geometry considerations. In this study, machine learning and neural networks offer a novel way to create intricate, abstract models capable of discerning complex process relationships. Our focus is on leveraging the certain range of laser parameters (energy, spot area, overlap) to identify optimal residual stress, average surface roughness, and porosity values. Confirmatory experiments demonstrate close agreement, with an 8% discrepancy between modelled and actual residual stress values. This approach's viability is evident even with limited datasets, provided proper precautions are taken.
{"title":"Machine learning approach towards laser powder bed fusion manufactured AlSi10Mg thin tubes in laser shock peening","authors":"Ondřej Stránský, Ivan Tarant, L. Beránek, František Holešovský, Sunil Pathak, J. Brajer, Tomáš Mocek, O. Denk","doi":"10.1177/02670844231221974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02670844231221974","url":null,"abstract":"The industry's demand for intricate geometries has spurred research into additive manufacturing (AM). Customising material properties, including surface roughness, integrity and porosity reduction, are the key industrial goals. This necessitates a holistic approach integrating AM, laser shock peening (LSP) and non-planar geometry considerations. In this study, machine learning and neural networks offer a novel way to create intricate, abstract models capable of discerning complex process relationships. Our focus is on leveraging the certain range of laser parameters (energy, spot area, overlap) to identify optimal residual stress, average surface roughness, and porosity values. Confirmatory experiments demonstrate close agreement, with an 8% discrepancy between modelled and actual residual stress values. This approach's viability is evident even with limited datasets, provided proper precautions are taken.","PeriodicalId":21995,"journal":{"name":"Surface Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139623107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
High-entropy alloy coatings (HEACs) of Co2CrFeNiMnCu x ( x = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25) were fabricated on Q235 steel surfaces by laser cladding. A portion of the HEACs ( x = 0, 0.5 and 1.25) displayed a dual-phase FCC structure, while the remaining portion ( x = 0.25, 0.75 and 1.0) exhibited a single-phase FCC structure. Furthermore, as the Cu content increased, the grain size of the coatings became finer and elongated. Due to the unique processing technology of laser cladding, the HEACs exhibited a hardness gradient from the top to the substrates. Cu segregated within the crystal and accumulated near the grain boundaries. The primary mechanism for protecting the steel substrate through coatings was passive films protection. Remarkably, the coatings demonstrated better anti-corrosion properties when the Cu content was 0.25, with a charge transfer resistance of 9.528 × 104 Ω cm2, corrosion potential of −0.387 V and corrosion current density of 3.125 × 10−7 A/cm2.
{"title":"Effect of Cu on microstructure and properties of Co2CrFeNiMnCux high-entropy alloy coatings prepared by laser cladding","authors":"Pingjiu Hu, Qingjun Zhu, Zhongbo Peng, Jizhou Duan","doi":"10.1177/02670844231216902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02670844231216902","url":null,"abstract":"High-entropy alloy coatings (HEACs) of Co2CrFeNiMnCu x ( x = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25) were fabricated on Q235 steel surfaces by laser cladding. A portion of the HEACs ( x = 0, 0.5 and 1.25) displayed a dual-phase FCC structure, while the remaining portion ( x = 0.25, 0.75 and 1.0) exhibited a single-phase FCC structure. Furthermore, as the Cu content increased, the grain size of the coatings became finer and elongated. Due to the unique processing technology of laser cladding, the HEACs exhibited a hardness gradient from the top to the substrates. Cu segregated within the crystal and accumulated near the grain boundaries. The primary mechanism for protecting the steel substrate through coatings was passive films protection. Remarkably, the coatings demonstrated better anti-corrosion properties when the Cu content was 0.25, with a charge transfer resistance of 9.528 × 104 Ω cm2, corrosion potential of −0.387 V and corrosion current density of 3.125 × 10−7 A/cm2.","PeriodicalId":21995,"journal":{"name":"Surface Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139621489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-15DOI: 10.1177/02670844231224243
Q. Q. Zhu, H. Y. Li, Y. Wang, Z. W. Wang, Z. Q. Zhou, C. H. Shu
In response to the challenge posed by electrical breakdown occurrences during the conventional current density electrolytic polishing of large-scale stainless steel workpieces, this investigation delved into the parameters of low current density electrolytic polishing process. The study scrutinised the surface morphology and corrosion resistance of 304 stainless steel, employing tools such as metallographic microscopy, a roughness gauge, and an electrochemical workstation. Within a sulphuric acid–phosphoric acid-based electrolyte characterised by a volume ratio of 1:2, the optimal mass concentration ratio of salicylic acid and saccharin was ascertained to be 3:3. By configuring the process parameters to 10 A dm−2 and 20 min, outcomes of electrolytic polishing were obtained that stood on par with the conventional current density approach. The stainless steel surface exhibited a surface roughness measuring a mere 0.08 µm and characterised by a corrosion current density of 1.907 × 10−8 A cm−2 and a corrosion potential of −0.0965 V.
{"title":"Low current density electropolishing and corrosion resistance study of 304 stainless steel","authors":"Q. Q. Zhu, H. Y. Li, Y. Wang, Z. W. Wang, Z. Q. Zhou, C. H. Shu","doi":"10.1177/02670844231224243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02670844231224243","url":null,"abstract":"In response to the challenge posed by electrical breakdown occurrences during the conventional current density electrolytic polishing of large-scale stainless steel workpieces, this investigation delved into the parameters of low current density electrolytic polishing process. The study scrutinised the surface morphology and corrosion resistance of 304 stainless steel, employing tools such as metallographic microscopy, a roughness gauge, and an electrochemical workstation. Within a sulphuric acid–phosphoric acid-based electrolyte characterised by a volume ratio of 1:2, the optimal mass concentration ratio of salicylic acid and saccharin was ascertained to be 3:3. By configuring the process parameters to 10 A dm−2 and 20 min, outcomes of electrolytic polishing were obtained that stood on par with the conventional current density approach. The stainless steel surface exhibited a surface roughness measuring a mere 0.08 µm and characterised by a corrosion current density of 1.907 × 10−8 A cm−2 and a corrosion potential of −0.0965 V.","PeriodicalId":21995,"journal":{"name":"Surface Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139530225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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