Pub Date : 2021-02-01DOI: 10.21423/BOVINE-VOL55NO1P26-36
W. I. Jumper, C. Huston, R. W. Wills, David R. Smith
The objective of this study was to identify characteristics of Mississippi cow-calf producers associated with their use of cattle health record-keeping systems. Anonymous surveys were mailed to 1,275 cow-calf members of the Mississippi Cattlemen’s Association. Multivariable logistic regression using manual forward variable selection was used to test factors for association with cattle health and production record-keeping outcomes. Significance was defined at alpha=0.05. Three-hundred eight surveys (24%) were returned. Of these, 292 (95%) were actively involved in cow-calf production, with 221 (75.7%), 29 (9.9%), and 42 (14.4%) being commercial, seedstock, or both, respectively. Two-hundred nineteen of 290 (75.5%) owned <100 head, and 207 of 292 (70.9%) were >55 years old. Two-hundred forty-five of 289 (84.8%) used individual animal identification. Two-hundred fifteen (73.6%) and 76 (26%) of 292 used hand-written and electronic records, respectively. Using electronic cattle records was associated with computer access (OR=7.6, 95%CI=2.3 to 25.8), smartphone ownership (OR=6.9, 95%CI=2.0 to 23.6), and Bachelor’s degree or higher (OR=2.0, 95%CI=1.1 to 3.7). Producer interest in using a smartphone-based cattle record-keeping system was associated with smartphone ownership (OR=6.0, 95%CI=2.1 to 16.6), and being ≤55 years old (OR=2.9, 95%CI=1.5 to 5.4). Access to technology and producer demographics influence the record-keeping practices of Mississippi cow-calf producers.
{"title":"Survey of the cattle health and production record-keeping methods and opinions of cow-calf producers in Mississippi","authors":"W. I. Jumper, C. Huston, R. W. Wills, David R. Smith","doi":"10.21423/BOVINE-VOL55NO1P26-36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21423/BOVINE-VOL55NO1P26-36","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to identify characteristics of Mississippi cow-calf producers associated with their use of cattle health record-keeping systems. Anonymous surveys were mailed to 1,275 cow-calf members of the Mississippi Cattlemen’s Association. Multivariable logistic regression using manual forward variable selection was used to test factors for association with cattle health and production record-keeping outcomes. Significance was defined at alpha=0.05. Three-hundred eight surveys (24%) were returned. Of these, 292 (95%) were actively involved in cow-calf production, with 221 (75.7%), 29 (9.9%), and 42 (14.4%) being commercial, seedstock, or both, respectively. Two-hundred nineteen of 290 (75.5%) owned <100 head, and 207 of 292 (70.9%) were >55 years old. Two-hundred forty-five of 289 (84.8%) used individual animal identification. Two-hundred fifteen (73.6%) and 76 (26%) of 292 used hand-written and electronic records, respectively. Using electronic cattle records was associated with computer access (OR=7.6, 95%CI=2.3 to 25.8), smartphone ownership (OR=6.9, 95%CI=2.0 to 23.6), and Bachelor’s degree or higher (OR=2.0, 95%CI=1.1 to 3.7). Producer interest in using a smartphone-based cattle record-keeping system was associated with smartphone ownership (OR=6.0, 95%CI=2.1 to 16.6), and being ≤55 years old (OR=2.9, 95%CI=1.5 to 5.4). Access to technology and producer demographics influence the record-keeping practices of Mississippi cow-calf producers.","PeriodicalId":22281,"journal":{"name":"The Bovine practitioner","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87746712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-01DOI: 10.21423/BOVINE-VOL55NO1P1-12
Aleksandar Mašić, Brian Sobecki, S. Mahan, Chad S. Brice, S. Mattern, Dennis Peterson, Peter Barret, Colt Daugherty, T. Meinert, I. Correas, V. Moulin
Efficacy of attenuated (att) bovine viral diarrhea virus (types 1 and 2) as antigen fractions in a modified-live multivalent vaccine were evaluated following single, subcutaneous (SC) administration and intranasal (IN) challenge 35 to 38 d after vaccination, with either virulent BVDV-1b (Study 1) or BVDV-2 (Study 2) viruses in young calves. A total of 80 BVDV-seronegative Holstein calves, 53 to 61 d of age at the time of vaccination, were used in 2 separate studies with 40 animals per study. In each study, calves were allocated to 1 of 2 treatment groups (20 animals per group) which received either a single dose of combination modified-live bovine rhinotracheitis (BHV-1)-bovine virus diarrhea-parainfluenza 3-respiratory syncytial virus vaccine + Mannheimia haemolytica toxoid, or corresponding placebo formulation without targeted test antigen fractions attBVDV-1a and attBVDV-2. In the respective studies, multivalent vaccine induced significantly higher virus neutralizing antibody responses and reduced incidence and duration of leukopenia and viremia in vaccinated animals compared to placebo-treated animals. Post-challenge leukopenia, a hallmark of BVDV infection, was observed in 75% and 100% of control calves compared to only 26.3% and 25% in vaccinated animals in Study 1 and Study 2, respectively (p=0.006; p=0.0001). In addition, duration of leukopenia was significantly shorter in vaccinates compared to placebo controls (p=0.0091 Study 1; p<0.0001 Study 2). Furthermore, 100% of placebo-treated calves in both studies were viremic compared to 57.9% (Study 1) and 25% (Study 2) of vaccinated animals, resulting in significant reduction of post-challenge viremia (p=0.0012, Study 1; p=0.0001, Study 2). The duration of viremia was significantly shorter (p<0.0001) in vaccinated groups compared to control calves in both studies. In conclusion, data from the current studies demonstrated vaccine efficacy in 60-day-old calves against BVDV-1b and BVDV-2 infection.
{"title":"Efficacy of a combination modified-live IBR-BVD-PI3-BRSV vaccine + Mannheimia haemolytica toxoid against challenge with virulent BVDV-1b and BVDV-2 viruses in young calves 60 days of age","authors":"Aleksandar Mašić, Brian Sobecki, S. Mahan, Chad S. Brice, S. Mattern, Dennis Peterson, Peter Barret, Colt Daugherty, T. Meinert, I. Correas, V. Moulin","doi":"10.21423/BOVINE-VOL55NO1P1-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21423/BOVINE-VOL55NO1P1-12","url":null,"abstract":"Efficacy of attenuated (att) bovine viral diarrhea virus (types 1 and 2) as antigen fractions in a modified-live multivalent vaccine were evaluated following single, subcutaneous (SC) administration and intranasal (IN) challenge 35 to 38 d after vaccination, with either virulent BVDV-1b (Study 1) or BVDV-2 (Study 2) viruses in young calves. A total of 80 BVDV-seronegative Holstein calves, 53 to 61 d of age at the time of vaccination, were used in 2 separate studies with 40 animals per study. In each study, calves were allocated to 1 of 2 treatment groups (20 animals per group) which received either a single dose of combination modified-live bovine rhinotracheitis (BHV-1)-bovine virus diarrhea-parainfluenza 3-respiratory syncytial virus vaccine + Mannheimia haemolytica toxoid, or corresponding placebo formulation without targeted test antigen fractions attBVDV-1a and attBVDV-2. In the respective studies, multivalent vaccine induced significantly higher virus neutralizing antibody responses and reduced incidence and duration of leukopenia and viremia in vaccinated animals compared to placebo-treated animals. Post-challenge leukopenia, a hallmark of BVDV infection, was observed in 75% and 100% of control calves compared to only 26.3% and 25% in vaccinated animals in Study 1 and Study 2, respectively (p=0.006; p=0.0001). In addition, duration of leukopenia was significantly shorter in vaccinates compared to placebo controls (p=0.0091 Study 1; p<0.0001 Study 2). Furthermore, 100% of placebo-treated calves in both studies were viremic compared to 57.9% (Study 1) and 25% (Study 2) of vaccinated animals, resulting in significant reduction of post-challenge viremia (p=0.0012, Study 1; p=0.0001, Study 2). The duration of viremia was significantly shorter (p<0.0001) in vaccinated groups compared to control calves in both studies. In conclusion, data from the current studies demonstrated vaccine efficacy in 60-day-old calves against BVDV-1b and BVDV-2 infection.","PeriodicalId":22281,"journal":{"name":"The Bovine practitioner","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77867336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-27DOI: 10.21423/bovine-vol1978no13p111-113
Edward F. Sterner
After attending the Bovine Practitioners meeting in St. Louis, December, 1977, I would like to present a somewhat different point of view and findings than Dr. Hellend presented in his paper on polybrominated biphenyl or PBB.
{"title":"Polybrominated biphenyl (PBB) problems in Michigan","authors":"Edward F. Sterner","doi":"10.21423/bovine-vol1978no13p111-113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21423/bovine-vol1978no13p111-113","url":null,"abstract":"After attending the Bovine Practitioners meeting in St. Louis, December, 1977, I would like to present a somewhat different point of view and findings than Dr. Hellend presented in his paper on polybrominated biphenyl or PBB.","PeriodicalId":22281,"journal":{"name":"The Bovine practitioner","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90810735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-27DOI: 10.21423/bovine-vol1978no13p114-118
F. Pipers, V. Reef, R. Hamlin, D. Rings
Echocardiograms were obtrained from 15 standing clinically normal cows using an ultrasonic recording device. The echo beam penetrated the right thoracic wall in the area of the fourth intercostal space with a frequency of 2.25 MH3. Left ventricular wall thickness measured 2.00 +/- .19 cm while the septal dimension was slightly higher at 2.24 +/- .26 cm. Velocity of circumferential fiber shortening (Vcf), and index of contractility, was .87 +/- .4 m/s and minor axis shortening fraction (% delta D), and indicator of pump frunction, was 43.5 +/- 5.8%.
{"title":"Echocardiography in the bovine animal","authors":"F. Pipers, V. Reef, R. Hamlin, D. Rings","doi":"10.21423/bovine-vol1978no13p114-118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21423/bovine-vol1978no13p114-118","url":null,"abstract":"Echocardiograms were obtrained from 15 standing clinically normal cows using an ultrasonic recording device. The echo beam penetrated the right thoracic wall in the area of the fourth intercostal space with a frequency of 2.25 MH3. Left ventricular wall thickness measured 2.00 +/- .19 cm while the septal dimension was slightly higher at 2.24 +/- .26 cm. Velocity of circumferential fiber shortening (Vcf), and index of contractility, was .87 +/- .4 m/s and minor axis shortening fraction (% delta D), and indicator of pump frunction, was 43.5 +/- 5.8%.","PeriodicalId":22281,"journal":{"name":"The Bovine practitioner","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87468621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-27DOI: 10.21423/bovine-vol1978no13p109-110
M. Johnson, L. Uraih, A. Gallina, F. K. Bracken
{"title":"Spinal dysraphism in a two-day old Aberdeen Angus","authors":"M. Johnson, L. Uraih, A. Gallina, F. K. Bracken","doi":"10.21423/bovine-vol1978no13p109-110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21423/bovine-vol1978no13p109-110","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22281,"journal":{"name":"The Bovine practitioner","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89750440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-27DOI: 10.21423/bovine-vol1978no13p104-106
P. Nicoletti
Vaccination of adult cattle with 1/25th of the standard dose of strain 19 reduced the number of cattle removed from 110 herds in one year by 85% in 85 dairy herds and by 90% in 25 beef herds. This dose also minimized the effects of false positive reactions to serological tests. Complement fixation was found to be superior to other tests for diagnosing infection in vaccinated cattle.
{"title":"Current status of adult cattle vaccination with Strain 19 in Florida","authors":"P. Nicoletti","doi":"10.21423/bovine-vol1978no13p104-106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21423/bovine-vol1978no13p104-106","url":null,"abstract":"Vaccination of adult cattle with 1/25th of the standard dose of strain 19 reduced the number of cattle removed from 110 herds in one year by 85% in 85 dairy herds and by 90% in 25 beef herds. This dose also minimized the effects of false positive reactions to serological tests. Complement fixation was found to be superior to other tests for diagnosing infection in vaccinated cattle.","PeriodicalId":22281,"journal":{"name":"The Bovine practitioner","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76355192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-27DOI: 10.21423/bovine-vol1978no13p107-108
J. Howard, T. Mcpherron, Michael Filipov, Dale Nelson
{"title":"Simple technique for repairing teat lacerations and fistulas in cattle","authors":"J. Howard, T. Mcpherron, Michael Filipov, Dale Nelson","doi":"10.21423/bovine-vol1978no13p107-108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21423/bovine-vol1978no13p107-108","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22281,"journal":{"name":"The Bovine practitioner","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89096025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-01DOI: 10.21423/BOVINE-VOL54NO1P1-8
S. C. Allen, K. Russo, D. Compart, D. Diaz, S. Ward
Thirty-five Holstein cows were utilized in a completely randomized design to evaluate the efficacy of 2 doses of an aluminosilicate clay at reducing aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) transfer into milk. Cows were stratified by parity, stage of lactation, and milk production. Cows were assigned to 1 of 5 dietary treatments for 13 days (n = 7): (1) control (CON), basal diet; (2) clay control (4C), CON plus 4 oz clay; (3) aflatoxin (AF) control (AF-CON), CON plus 113 ppb AF; (4) AF-CON diet with 4 oz clay (4C+AF); or (5) AF-CON diet with 8 oz clay (8C+AF). Data were analyzed using the GLM procedure of SAS, and significance was declared when P ≤ 0.05. Milk yield was greatest in 4C+AF and 8C+AF cows and least in CON. Milk AFM1concentration averaged < 0.01, N/D (< 0.04 ppb), 1.64, 1.26, and 0.90 ppb for CON, 4C, AF-CON, 4C+AF, and 8C+AF diets, respectively. A dose response was observed for AFM1 transfer with a 21.88 and 40.63% reduction in cows consuming 4C+AF and 8C+AF diets, respectively. Feeding aluminosilicate clay to AF challenged Holstein cows resulted in a dose response reduction in AFM1 secretion and improved milk production.
{"title":"Dose response reduction of aflatoxin M1 in milk of Holstein cows administered an aluminosilicate clay adsorbent","authors":"S. C. Allen, K. Russo, D. Compart, D. Diaz, S. Ward","doi":"10.21423/BOVINE-VOL54NO1P1-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21423/BOVINE-VOL54NO1P1-8","url":null,"abstract":"Thirty-five Holstein cows were utilized in a completely randomized design to evaluate the efficacy of 2 doses of an aluminosilicate clay at reducing aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) transfer into milk. Cows were stratified by parity, stage of lactation, and milk production. Cows were assigned to 1 of 5 dietary treatments for 13 days (n = 7): (1) control (CON), basal diet; (2) clay control (4C), CON plus 4 oz clay; (3) aflatoxin (AF) control (AF-CON), CON plus 113 ppb AF; (4) AF-CON diet with 4 oz clay (4C+AF); or (5) AF-CON diet with 8 oz clay (8C+AF). Data were analyzed using the GLM procedure of SAS, and significance was declared when P ≤ 0.05. Milk yield was greatest in 4C+AF and 8C+AF cows and least in CON. Milk AFM1concentration averaged < 0.01, N/D (< 0.04 ppb), 1.64, 1.26, and 0.90 ppb for CON, 4C, AF-CON, 4C+AF, and 8C+AF diets, respectively. A dose response was observed for AFM1 transfer with a 21.88 and 40.63% reduction in cows consuming 4C+AF and 8C+AF diets, respectively. Feeding aluminosilicate clay to AF challenged Holstein cows resulted in a dose response reduction in AFM1 secretion and improved milk production.","PeriodicalId":22281,"journal":{"name":"The Bovine practitioner","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84944933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-01DOI: 10.21423/BOVINE-VOL54NO1P41-50
Lynn E. Dodge, S. Koontz
Bovine veterinarians are needed to protect food animal protein supplies, prevent losses due to disease, and protect public health: society needs these services. It is also important that economic incentives exist for, and are understood by, practitioners that serve the food animal industry. Surveys of American Association of Bovine Practitioners members were examined to explain variation in bovine veterinary earnings in private practice. We estimate the systematic variation in earnings due to practitioner characteristics. Results communicate expected earnings levels and variation across bovine veterinarians in private practice based on observable individual attributes and characteristics. These results communicate, in context of the survey questions, what the market for bovine veterinary services values. Bovine veterinarians are compensated more for specializing in a species within the food animal industries and owning their practice. The volume of animals seen is important, and bovine veterinarians should look to practice in areas with large concentrations of animals. Numbers of clients attained are not important, whereas numbers of animals serviced are. Further, gaining experience is more important than additional education or certifications beyond the doctor of veterinary medicine degree. However, there remains a large unexplainable variation in earnings models. This unexplained variation is likely due to unobserved and unmeasured ability/effort effects within each individual and it is thought, but not tested, that higher quality veterinarians earn more. Future salary surveys need to attempt to measure these deep human capital attributes.
{"title":"Explaining earnings variation of bovine veterinarians in private practice","authors":"Lynn E. Dodge, S. Koontz","doi":"10.21423/BOVINE-VOL54NO1P41-50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21423/BOVINE-VOL54NO1P41-50","url":null,"abstract":"Bovine veterinarians are needed to protect food animal protein supplies, prevent losses due to disease, and protect public health: society needs these services. It is also important that economic incentives exist for, and are understood by, practitioners that serve the food animal industry. Surveys of American Association of Bovine Practitioners members were examined to explain variation in bovine veterinary earnings in private practice. We estimate the systematic variation in earnings due to practitioner characteristics. Results communicate expected earnings levels and variation across bovine veterinarians in private practice based on observable individual attributes and characteristics. These results communicate, in context of the survey questions, what the market for bovine veterinary services values. Bovine veterinarians are compensated more for specializing in a species within the food animal industries and owning their practice. The volume of animals seen is important, and bovine veterinarians should look to practice in areas with large concentrations of animals. Numbers of clients attained are not important, whereas numbers of animals serviced are. Further, gaining experience is more important than additional education or certifications beyond the doctor of veterinary medicine degree. However, there remains a large unexplainable variation in earnings models. This unexplained variation is likely due to unobserved and unmeasured ability/effort effects within each individual and it is thought, but not tested, that higher quality veterinarians earn more. Future salary surveys need to attempt to measure these deep human capital attributes.","PeriodicalId":22281,"journal":{"name":"The Bovine practitioner","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77531682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-01DOI: 10.21423/BOVINE-VOL54NO1P58-65
V. Cortese, A. Woolums, B. Karisch, T. Short, M. Thoresen, P. Badial
To examine the effects of transport stress and concur-rent respiratory infection on bovine vaccine responses, 75 previously weaned beef calves were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatments (n=25/group). Group 1 calves were not transported, but were vaccinated (NTV). Both Groups 2 (vaccinated TV) and 3 (not vaccinated TUV) were transported for 12 h. Twelve h after transport, calves in NTV and TV groups were vaccinated intranasally with modified-live bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), bovine herpesvirus −1 (BHV-1), and parainfluenza virus type 3 (PI3V), and subcutaneously with modified-live bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) types 1 and 2 vaccine with Mannheimia hemolytica (Mh) leukotoxoid vaccine. Nasal secretions and serum were collected pre- and post-vaccination for measurement of nasal interferon alpha, beta, and gamma, IgA to BHV-1 and BRSV, and serum neutralizing (SN) titers to BHV-1, BRSV, and BVDV types 1 and 2. At vaccination some calves had nasal discharge and fever. Pre-vaccination nasal swabs, tested for respiratory viruses, were negative. During the 21-d study, 6 calves developed BRD and eventually recovered. BHV-1 and BVDV 1 and 2 SN titers were significantly higher in vaccinated than nonvaccinated calves on d 14 and 21. BVDV2 titers were significantly higher in TV than NTV. Vaccination stimulated systemic, but not mucosal, antibody responses. Cattle can mount a humoral response to vaccination in spite of transport and mild respiratory disease.
{"title":"Systemic and local immune responses of weaned beef calves vaccinated post-transportation and at the time of a mild respiratory tract infection","authors":"V. Cortese, A. Woolums, B. Karisch, T. Short, M. Thoresen, P. Badial","doi":"10.21423/BOVINE-VOL54NO1P58-65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21423/BOVINE-VOL54NO1P58-65","url":null,"abstract":"To examine the effects of transport stress and concur-rent respiratory infection on bovine vaccine responses, 75 previously weaned beef calves were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatments (n=25/group). Group 1 calves were not transported, but were vaccinated (NTV). Both Groups 2 (vaccinated TV) and 3 (not vaccinated TUV) were transported for 12 h. Twelve h after transport, calves in NTV and TV groups were vaccinated intranasally with modified-live bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), bovine herpesvirus −1 (BHV-1), and parainfluenza virus type 3 (PI3V), and subcutaneously with modified-live bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) types 1 and 2 vaccine with Mannheimia hemolytica (Mh) leukotoxoid vaccine. Nasal secretions and serum were collected pre- and post-vaccination for measurement of nasal interferon alpha, beta, and gamma, IgA to BHV-1 and BRSV, and serum neutralizing (SN) titers to BHV-1, BRSV, and BVDV types 1 and 2. \u0000At vaccination some calves had nasal discharge and fever. Pre-vaccination nasal swabs, tested for respiratory viruses, were negative. During the 21-d study, 6 calves developed BRD and eventually recovered. BHV-1 and BVDV 1 and 2 SN titers were significantly higher in vaccinated than nonvaccinated calves on d 14 and 21. BVDV2 titers were significantly higher in TV than NTV. Vaccination stimulated systemic, but not mucosal, antibody responses. Cattle can mount a humoral response to vaccination in spite of transport and mild respiratory disease.","PeriodicalId":22281,"journal":{"name":"The Bovine practitioner","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90326918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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