Pub Date : 2014-04-13DOI: 10.1109/NEMS.2014.6908757
Lung-Jieh Yang, Jia-Chi Liang, Cheng-Yang Liu, Hsieh-Cheng Han
Dynamic filling experiments using HepG2 tumor cells are performed for observing the attachment behavior novelly in fractal microchannels. A PDMS microchannel mimicking the capillary blood vessel with fractal configuration is fabricated by the gelatin salt-out technique and the PDMS soft lithography. The fabrication of this low-toxicity fractal PDMS microchannel is firstly addressed herein. Using this PDMS microchannel, PBS with living HepG2 tumor cells are filled through. The cell attachment areas in the PDMS microchannel have been recorded dynamically with 10 min interval continuously for 2 hours. The result show that 2 hour is not enough for the permanent cell attachment of HepG2 in this fractal PDMS microchannel.
{"title":"Dynamic attachment of HepG2 in fractal microchannels","authors":"Lung-Jieh Yang, Jia-Chi Liang, Cheng-Yang Liu, Hsieh-Cheng Han","doi":"10.1109/NEMS.2014.6908757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEMS.2014.6908757","url":null,"abstract":"Dynamic filling experiments using HepG2 tumor cells are performed for observing the attachment behavior novelly in fractal microchannels. A PDMS microchannel mimicking the capillary blood vessel with fractal configuration is fabricated by the gelatin salt-out technique and the PDMS soft lithography. The fabrication of this low-toxicity fractal PDMS microchannel is firstly addressed herein. Using this PDMS microchannel, PBS with living HepG2 tumor cells are filled through. The cell attachment areas in the PDMS microchannel have been recorded dynamically with 10 min interval continuously for 2 hours. The result show that 2 hour is not enough for the permanent cell attachment of HepG2 in this fractal PDMS microchannel.","PeriodicalId":22566,"journal":{"name":"The 9th IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems (NEMS)","volume":"33 1","pages":"51-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83968082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-13DOI: 10.1109/NEMS.2014.6908792
Long Wang, Qiancheng Zhao, Minghao Nie, Dachuan Liu, Yuxian Liu, Junjie Yan, Zhenchuan Yang, G. Yan
In this paper, we present an optimized digital fuzzy control strategy in order to realize fast startup of MEMS gyroscopes in various ambient temperatures. In the proposed procedure, the MEMS (Micro-ElectroMechanical Systems) vibratory gyroscope is driven with a sinusoidal wave synthesizer of adjustable frequency based on CORDIC algorithm. The drive frequency is fixed on the resonant frequency of the gyroscope with a frequency controller. By deliberate design of startup frequency controller using fuzzy control strategy, the startup time is decreased effectively in different ambient temperatures verified with test results. A series of startup test is performed under ambient temperatures ranging from -30 to 60°C, the tested startup time is improved from ~2.5s (tested with PID frequency controller) to ~100ms. What's more, this procedure has a higher SNR of 88dB.
{"title":"Digital fast startup procedure for micro-machined vibratory gyroscopes using optimized fuzzy control strategy","authors":"Long Wang, Qiancheng Zhao, Minghao Nie, Dachuan Liu, Yuxian Liu, Junjie Yan, Zhenchuan Yang, G. Yan","doi":"10.1109/NEMS.2014.6908792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEMS.2014.6908792","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present an optimized digital fuzzy control strategy in order to realize fast startup of MEMS gyroscopes in various ambient temperatures. In the proposed procedure, the MEMS (Micro-ElectroMechanical Systems) vibratory gyroscope is driven with a sinusoidal wave synthesizer of adjustable frequency based on CORDIC algorithm. The drive frequency is fixed on the resonant frequency of the gyroscope with a frequency controller. By deliberate design of startup frequency controller using fuzzy control strategy, the startup time is decreased effectively in different ambient temperatures verified with test results. A series of startup test is performed under ambient temperatures ranging from -30 to 60°C, the tested startup time is improved from ~2.5s (tested with PID frequency controller) to ~100ms. What's more, this procedure has a higher SNR of 88dB.","PeriodicalId":22566,"journal":{"name":"The 9th IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems (NEMS)","volume":"13 1","pages":"208-211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88463436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-13DOI: 10.1109/NEMS.2014.6908895
K. Chang, Jing-Lun Li, Ching-Hsuan Yang, S. Shiesh, Gwo-Bin Lee
Measurement of the ratio between glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and total hemoglobin (Hb) is now recommended for screening and diagnosing diabetes, in addition to monitoring long-term glycemic control for patient management. The costly and time-consuming traditional assay methods, which involve multi-step, bench-top, and antibody-based immunoassays, have presented major challenges to their clinical utility. In this study, an integrated microfluidic system capable of rapidly measuring the level of HbA1c and Hb in an automated fashion was reported. Moreover, this detection assay used nucleic acid aptamers that exhibited high sensitivity and specificity to Hb and HbA1c to further enhance the robustness of the assay. Combining the advantages of microfluidics and aptamers, this system presents a promising tool for clinical diagnosis and management of diabetes. As a demonstration of its clinical utility, we analyzed patient whole blood samples with clinically-relevant concentrations of HbA1c and Hb (4.4%-12.5% and 12.1 g/dL-14.9 g/dL, respectively) on our integrated microfluidic system.
{"title":"Measurement of glycated hemoglobin using an aptamer/antibody assay on an integrated microfluidic system","authors":"K. Chang, Jing-Lun Li, Ching-Hsuan Yang, S. Shiesh, Gwo-Bin Lee","doi":"10.1109/NEMS.2014.6908895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEMS.2014.6908895","url":null,"abstract":"Measurement of the ratio between glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and total hemoglobin (Hb) is now recommended for screening and diagnosing diabetes, in addition to monitoring long-term glycemic control for patient management. The costly and time-consuming traditional assay methods, which involve multi-step, bench-top, and antibody-based immunoassays, have presented major challenges to their clinical utility. In this study, an integrated microfluidic system capable of rapidly measuring the level of HbA1c and Hb in an automated fashion was reported. Moreover, this detection assay used nucleic acid aptamers that exhibited high sensitivity and specificity to Hb and HbA1c to further enhance the robustness of the assay. Combining the advantages of microfluidics and aptamers, this system presents a promising tool for clinical diagnosis and management of diabetes. As a demonstration of its clinical utility, we analyzed patient whole blood samples with clinically-relevant concentrations of HbA1c and Hb (4.4%-12.5% and 12.1 g/dL-14.9 g/dL, respectively) on our integrated microfluidic system.","PeriodicalId":22566,"journal":{"name":"The 9th IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems (NEMS)","volume":"31 1","pages":"647-650"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87112241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-13DOI: 10.1109/NEMS.2014.6908840
Wei Hu, Wen Liu, F. Zhu, Xiao-Sheng Zhang, Haixia Zhang
This paper presents novel functional surface designed for collecting water vapor, which is combined of PDMS and the micro level hydrophilic metal alloy ball. To imitate biological structure, the metallic balls are designed as hydrophilic part and PDMS substrate as hydrophobic structure. The ball is used as nucleation centers to absorb water vapor in the air to form droplet. Then, with the drop gradually growing up, it will fall off from the ball by gravity. The hydrophobic property of PDMS could promote tumbling of drop more smoothly without adhesion. This device is fabricated by micromachining process, where using PMMA as reverse mold and depositing fluorocarbon films on the PDMS to further enhance the hydrophobic property. The test results prove that this idea and water collection can be achieved obviously.
{"title":"The fabrication of PDMS-based functional surface mimicking the namib desert beetle back for collecting water vapor in the air","authors":"Wei Hu, Wen Liu, F. Zhu, Xiao-Sheng Zhang, Haixia Zhang","doi":"10.1109/NEMS.2014.6908840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEMS.2014.6908840","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents novel functional surface designed for collecting water vapor, which is combined of PDMS and the micro level hydrophilic metal alloy ball. To imitate biological structure, the metallic balls are designed as hydrophilic part and PDMS substrate as hydrophobic structure. The ball is used as nucleation centers to absorb water vapor in the air to form droplet. Then, with the drop gradually growing up, it will fall off from the ball by gravity. The hydrophobic property of PDMS could promote tumbling of drop more smoothly without adhesion. This device is fabricated by micromachining process, where using PMMA as reverse mold and depositing fluorocarbon films on the PDMS to further enhance the hydrophobic property. The test results prove that this idea and water collection can be achieved obviously.","PeriodicalId":22566,"journal":{"name":"The 9th IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems (NEMS)","volume":"70 1","pages":"417-421"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86299306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-13DOI: 10.1109/NEMS.2014.6908753
H. S. Wasisto, S. Merzsch, F. Steib, A. Waag, E. Peiner
This paper presents the design, fabrication, and use of silicon nanowire (SiNW) arrays-patterned microcantilever sensors excited in the in-plane resonance mode to enhance the detection of airborne particulate matter (PM). Electrothermal excitation elements of p-diffused heating resistors were introduced in the current sensor system to replace the formerly used external piezoceramic stack actuator. The sensors exhibited high measured quality factors (Q-factors) of 4702 ± 102 during their in-plane mode operations in air, which are four times larger than those of the fundamental out-of-plane mode. To selectively define arrays of vertical SiNWs on the surface of the micromechanical cantilever, nanoimprint lithography (NIL) is combined with conventional photolithography. The diameter and position of the SiNWs can be adjusted depending on the nanoimprint stamp with the smallest cylindrical pattern possible down to 50 nm in diameter. By modifying the resonator surface, the PM sampling efficiency can be improved by a factor of 1.5 greater than that of a corresponding plain cantilever in a cigarette smoke exposure experiment because of the rise in collection surface area of the sensor given by the SiNWs.
{"title":"In-plane-excited silicon nanowire arrays-patterned cantilever sensors for enhanced airborne particulate matter exposure detection","authors":"H. S. Wasisto, S. Merzsch, F. Steib, A. Waag, E. Peiner","doi":"10.1109/NEMS.2014.6908753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEMS.2014.6908753","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the design, fabrication, and use of silicon nanowire (SiNW) arrays-patterned microcantilever sensors excited in the in-plane resonance mode to enhance the detection of airborne particulate matter (PM). Electrothermal excitation elements of p-diffused heating resistors were introduced in the current sensor system to replace the formerly used external piezoceramic stack actuator. The sensors exhibited high measured quality factors (Q-factors) of 4702 ± 102 during their in-plane mode operations in air, which are four times larger than those of the fundamental out-of-plane mode. To selectively define arrays of vertical SiNWs on the surface of the micromechanical cantilever, nanoimprint lithography (NIL) is combined with conventional photolithography. The diameter and position of the SiNWs can be adjusted depending on the nanoimprint stamp with the smallest cylindrical pattern possible down to 50 nm in diameter. By modifying the resonator surface, the PM sampling efficiency can be improved by a factor of 1.5 greater than that of a corresponding plain cantilever in a cigarette smoke exposure experiment because of the rise in collection surface area of the sensor given by the SiNWs.","PeriodicalId":22566,"journal":{"name":"The 9th IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems (NEMS)","volume":"15 1","pages":"32-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89519056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-13DOI: 10.1109/NEMS.2014.6908754
H. Hao, Ming-Chang Chiang, D. Yao
In this research, a surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensor was used for chemical compounds detection such as ammonia, methane, and ammonia/methane mixture gases. The detection results of ammonia/methane mixture gases by polymer deposited on 128° YX-LiNbO3 SAW delay lines were presented. To enhance the sensitivity and accuracy of the surface acoustic wave sensors, the sensing chamber and polymer films was improved. Very low concentration of ammonia (~250 ppb) and methane(~9 ppm) could be detected by this SAW sensor. From the sensing database of ammonia and methane, we Figured out that the frequency shift of ammonia/methane mixtures was equal to the sum of frequency shift of ammonia and methane. Besides, the signal loss of ammonia was much stronger than methane in high relative humidity conditions. Here, superposition effect between ammonia and methane sensing signals could be used for the signal intensity prediction of different concentrations ammonia/methane mixture gases.
{"title":"Detection of hazardous vapors including mixture in different conditions using surface acoustic wave device array","authors":"H. Hao, Ming-Chang Chiang, D. Yao","doi":"10.1109/NEMS.2014.6908754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEMS.2014.6908754","url":null,"abstract":"In this research, a surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensor was used for chemical compounds detection such as ammonia, methane, and ammonia/methane mixture gases. The detection results of ammonia/methane mixture gases by polymer deposited on 128° YX-LiNbO3 SAW delay lines were presented. To enhance the sensitivity and accuracy of the surface acoustic wave sensors, the sensing chamber and polymer films was improved. Very low concentration of ammonia (~250 ppb) and methane(~9 ppm) could be detected by this SAW sensor. From the sensing database of ammonia and methane, we Figured out that the frequency shift of ammonia/methane mixtures was equal to the sum of frequency shift of ammonia and methane. Besides, the signal loss of ammonia was much stronger than methane in high relative humidity conditions. Here, superposition effect between ammonia and methane sensing signals could be used for the signal intensity prediction of different concentrations ammonia/methane mixture gases.","PeriodicalId":22566,"journal":{"name":"The 9th IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems (NEMS)","volume":"10 1","pages":"38-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84686400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-13DOI: 10.1109/NEMS.2014.6908860
Chia-Hui Li, L. Chieng, Irrigepalli Srinivasa Thimmaraju, D. Yao
An analytical methodology using Thermal Desorption (TD) and GC-MS was developed for the determination of components in coffee beans aromas. The purpose was to estimate the volatile compounds/components in coffee beans aromas of different roast levels, such as light, medium, medium-dark, and dark roast. Aromas samples were collected by using stainless steel tubes containing approximately 200 mg of Tenax TA adsorbents and sampling at a flow rate of 200 mL/min. Seventeen major components in coffee beans aromas were identified by the TD-GC-MS system. Results showed that most components increased with roast levels. However, furfurals had a different downward trend. Chemical reactions occurred during the roasting process were proposed to explain the decrease in furfurals: furfurals changed to 2-furanmethanol and 2-methylfuran.
{"title":"Using TD-GC-MS to analyze coffee beans aromas of different roast levels","authors":"Chia-Hui Li, L. Chieng, Irrigepalli Srinivasa Thimmaraju, D. Yao","doi":"10.1109/NEMS.2014.6908860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEMS.2014.6908860","url":null,"abstract":"An analytical methodology using Thermal Desorption (TD) and GC-MS was developed for the determination of components in coffee beans aromas. The purpose was to estimate the volatile compounds/components in coffee beans aromas of different roast levels, such as light, medium, medium-dark, and dark roast. Aromas samples were collected by using stainless steel tubes containing approximately 200 mg of Tenax TA adsorbents and sampling at a flow rate of 200 mL/min. Seventeen major components in coffee beans aromas were identified by the TD-GC-MS system. Results showed that most components increased with roast levels. However, furfurals had a different downward trend. Chemical reactions occurred during the roasting process were proposed to explain the decrease in furfurals: furfurals changed to 2-furanmethanol and 2-methylfuran.","PeriodicalId":22566,"journal":{"name":"The 9th IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems (NEMS)","volume":"35 1","pages":"507-512"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84924848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-13DOI: 10.1109/NEMS.2014.6908813
Qihui Fan, Wenqi Hu, A. Ohta
Exogenous molecules were successfully delivered into localized single mammalian adherent cells with oscillating microbubbles induced by microsecond laser pulses. The shear stress due to the oscillation of the microbubble causes the poration of a nearby cell. Specific single cells can be porated by adjusting the laser position to create the microbubbles beneath the target cell. The poration of localized single cells was demonstrated with the delivery of 500-kDa FITC-Dextran dye and 16-kb plasmids.
{"title":"Molecular delivery and transfection by laser-induced oscillating microbubbles","authors":"Qihui Fan, Wenqi Hu, A. Ohta","doi":"10.1109/NEMS.2014.6908813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEMS.2014.6908813","url":null,"abstract":"Exogenous molecules were successfully delivered into localized single mammalian adherent cells with oscillating microbubbles induced by microsecond laser pulses. The shear stress due to the oscillation of the microbubble causes the poration of a nearby cell. Specific single cells can be porated by adjusting the laser position to create the microbubbles beneath the target cell. The poration of localized single cells was demonstrated with the delivery of 500-kDa FITC-Dextran dye and 16-kb plasmids.","PeriodicalId":22566,"journal":{"name":"The 9th IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems (NEMS)","volume":"4 1","pages":"302-305"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90067106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-13DOI: 10.1109/NEMS.2014.6908770
H. Chuang, W. Lai, Chih-Chung Huang, A. Liao, C. Yeh
3D integrated circuit (IC) structure could provide larger patterning areas by stacking the multi-planar chips, in which the electrical signals can be vertically conducted via through-silicon vias (TSVs). Thus, its advantages are lowered costs and reduced packaging space, size and weight. In this study, the TSVs are fabricated and characterized. Four through holes with a diameter of 70 μm on a silicon wafer are filled by nickel electroplating in supercritical CO2. The chip is cut for observation and examination of the cross-sectional view of the TSVs. The average electrical resistance across the TSVs was measured 0.01Ω. Then the fabricated TSVs can be applied a maximum current of 10 Amps continuously without burnout.
{"title":"Fabrication of through-silicon vias (TSV) by nickel electroplating in supercritical CO2","authors":"H. Chuang, W. Lai, Chih-Chung Huang, A. Liao, C. Yeh","doi":"10.1109/NEMS.2014.6908770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEMS.2014.6908770","url":null,"abstract":"3D integrated circuit (IC) structure could provide larger patterning areas by stacking the multi-planar chips, in which the electrical signals can be vertically conducted via through-silicon vias (TSVs). Thus, its advantages are lowered costs and reduced packaging space, size and weight. In this study, the TSVs are fabricated and characterized. Four through holes with a diameter of 70 μm on a silicon wafer are filled by nickel electroplating in supercritical CO2. The chip is cut for observation and examination of the cross-sectional view of the TSVs. The average electrical resistance across the TSVs was measured 0.01Ω. Then the fabricated TSVs can be applied a maximum current of 10 Amps continuously without burnout.","PeriodicalId":22566,"journal":{"name":"The 9th IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems (NEMS)","volume":"10 1","pages":"108-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77973295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-13DOI: 10.1109/NEMS.2014.6908889
C. Chuang, Jing-Wei Ju, Kai-Chieh Chang, Yao-Wei Huang, C. Jen
This paper develops a multi-antibody array biochip for detection of different-grade bladder cancer cell lysates based on protein expression level. Two nanoprobes modified with antibodies, Galectin-1 (Gal-1) and Lactate Dehydrogenase B (LDH-B), were immobilized in an array manner by sequent DEP manipulation steps including focusing, guiding and trapping, therefore, two different protein levels can be achieved in single chip without complex microchannel design. The structure of DEP chip consists of three electrode layers, top electrode made of Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), middle Au electrode on SU-8 surface for focusing and guiding of nanoprobes, and bottom ITO dot electrodes under SU-8 cavity for trapping of nanoprobes. In our experiments, two different grade bladder cancer cell lysates (grade I:RT4 and grade III:T24) were introduced into immunosensor, the expression levels of Gal-1 and LDH-B displayed different fluorescent responses for RT4 and T24 cell lysates. Accordingly, the fluorescence intensity of Gal-1 is higher than the value of LDH-B for T24 cell lysate; however, the response for RT4 is opposite, i.e. LDH-B > Gal-1. Consequently, determining of different-grade bladder cancer cell can be achieved by using present multi-antibody immunosensor. In addition, the DEP manipulations of nanoprobes also demonstrate the feasibility for multi-biomarker array in single chip for point-of-care diagnostics.
本文研制了一种基于蛋白表达水平检测不同级别膀胱癌细胞裂解物的多抗体阵列生物芯片。将半乳糖凝集素-1 (Galectin-1)和乳酸脱氢酶B (Lactate Dehydrogenase B, LDH-B)两种抗体修饰的纳米探针通过连续的DEP操作步骤(聚焦、引导和捕获)以阵列方式固定，因此无需复杂的微通道设计，即可在单个芯片上实现两种不同的蛋白质水平。DEP芯片的结构由三个电极层组成，顶部电极由氧化铟锡(ITO)制成，中间电极位于SU-8表面，用于聚焦和引导纳米探针，底部ITO点状电极位于SU-8腔下，用于捕获纳米探针。在我们的实验中，将两种不同级别的膀胱癌细胞裂解物(I级:RT4和III级:T24)引入免疫传感器，Gal-1和LDH-B的表达水平对RT4和T24细胞裂解物表现出不同的荧光反应。因此，在T24细胞裂解液中，Gal-1的荧光强度高于LDH-B;而RT4的反应则相反，即ldl - b > Gal-1。因此，本发明的多抗体免疫传感器可实现不同级别膀胱癌细胞的检测。此外，纳米探针的DEP操作也证明了单芯片多生物标志物阵列用于即时诊断的可行性。
{"title":"Multi-antibody array chip for immunoassay of different-grade bladder cancer cell lysates based on DEP manipulations of nanoprobes","authors":"C. Chuang, Jing-Wei Ju, Kai-Chieh Chang, Yao-Wei Huang, C. Jen","doi":"10.1109/NEMS.2014.6908889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEMS.2014.6908889","url":null,"abstract":"This paper develops a multi-antibody array biochip for detection of different-grade bladder cancer cell lysates based on protein expression level. Two nanoprobes modified with antibodies, Galectin-1 (Gal-1) and Lactate Dehydrogenase B (LDH-B), were immobilized in an array manner by sequent DEP manipulation steps including focusing, guiding and trapping, therefore, two different protein levels can be achieved in single chip without complex microchannel design. The structure of DEP chip consists of three electrode layers, top electrode made of Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), middle Au electrode on SU-8 surface for focusing and guiding of nanoprobes, and bottom ITO dot electrodes under SU-8 cavity for trapping of nanoprobes. In our experiments, two different grade bladder cancer cell lysates (grade I:RT4 and grade III:T24) were introduced into immunosensor, the expression levels of Gal-1 and LDH-B displayed different fluorescent responses for RT4 and T24 cell lysates. Accordingly, the fluorescence intensity of Gal-1 is higher than the value of LDH-B for T24 cell lysate; however, the response for RT4 is opposite, i.e. LDH-B > Gal-1. Consequently, determining of different-grade bladder cancer cell can be achieved by using present multi-antibody immunosensor. In addition, the DEP manipulations of nanoprobes also demonstrate the feasibility for multi-biomarker array in single chip for point-of-care diagnostics.","PeriodicalId":22566,"journal":{"name":"The 9th IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems (NEMS)","volume":"39 1","pages":"626-627"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82243982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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