Aujeszky's disease is a viral disease of animals, primarily pigs, which are considered to be the natural hosts. It is endemic in many parts of the world, but there are areas and countries that have successfully eradicated this disease. Due to mandatory control measures and trade barriers, Aujeszky's disease causes significant economic losses. Although, it has been eradicated in most European Union Member States, there are still areas and countries where it persists. In the Republic of Croatia, the disease has not yet been eradicated from the domestic pig population, although surveillance and eradication has been carried out since 2013. This paper presents the results of serological testing of domestic pigs for Aujeszky's disease in the period from 2013 to 2021. The prevalence of Aujeszky's disease at the farm level by year in the study period ranged from 4.66% (CI 95%, 4.39-4.95) to 0.67% (CI 95%, 0.35-1.28). Since 2016, prevalence was at an average level of 1.26% (CI 95%, 0.67-1.95%). The highest prevalence 10.28% (CI 95%, 9.15-11.53) was found in Varaždin County, and the lowest 0.14 % (CI 95%, 0.07-0.31) in Krapina-Zagorje County.
{"title":"Seroprevalence of Aujeszky's disease in the domestic pig population in the Republic of Croatia from 2013 to 2021","authors":"Ž. Acinger-Rogić, Marina Pavlak, L. Jemeršić","doi":"10.46419/vs.54.5.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.54.5.9","url":null,"abstract":"Aujeszky's disease is a viral disease of animals, primarily pigs, which are considered to be the natural hosts. It is endemic in many parts of the world, but there are areas and countries that have successfully eradicated this disease. Due to mandatory control measures and trade barriers, Aujeszky's disease causes significant economic losses. Although, it has been eradicated in most European Union Member States, there are still areas and countries where it persists. In the Republic of Croatia, the disease has not yet been eradicated from the domestic pig population, although surveillance and eradication has been carried out since 2013. This paper presents the results of serological testing of domestic pigs for Aujeszky's disease in the period from 2013 to 2021. The prevalence of Aujeszky's disease at the farm level by year in the study period ranged from 4.66% (CI 95%, 4.39-4.95) to 0.67% (CI 95%, 0.35-1.28). Since 2016, prevalence was at an average level of 1.26% (CI 95%, 0.67-1.95%). The highest prevalence 10.28% (CI 95%, 9.15-11.53) was found in Varaždin County, and the lowest 0.14 % (CI 95%, 0.07-0.31) in Krapina-Zagorje County.","PeriodicalId":23596,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarska stanica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43797290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elektromagnetsko se zračenje emitira iz prirodnog okruženja, ali i uporabom industrijskih i svakodnevnih uređaja za bežičnu komunikaciju, stoga su ljudski i životinjski organizmi stalno izloženi zračenju. Tijekom posljednjih godina, zbog brzog tehnološkog napretka, elektromagnetsko je zračenje iz umjetnih izvora premašilo je vrijednosti zračenja prirodnog podrijetla. Opća zabrinutost svih nas, zbog svevećeg broja uređaja (mobilni telefoni, prijenosna računala, Wi-Fi-ja i mikrovalnih pećnica), koji koriste radiofrekvencijsko elektromagnetsko zračenje (RF-EMZ) opravdana je zbog sve brojnijih dokaza o njihovoj štetnosti na žive organizme. Suvremeni uređaji moderne tehnologije emitiraju radiofrekvencijske elektromagnetske valove malih frekvencija koje ljudsko i životinjsko tijelo apsorbira što može imati potencijalne štetne učinke na: mozak, srce, endokrini sustav i reproduktivnu funkciju. Muški je reproduktivni sustav jedno od najosjetljivijih tkiva na RF-EMZ-e. Tako je primjerice, iz trenutno dostupnih studija provedenih in vitro i in vivo, jasno da RF-EMZ-e ima štetne učinke na spermatogenezu, odnosno kakvoću ejakulata ljudi i životinja – broj spermija u ejakulatu, preživljavanje, morfologiju i gibljivost spermija - utječu na stanični metabolizam i endokrini sustav i može prouzročiti genotoksičnost, genomsku nestabilnost i oksidativni stres, a to može prouzročiti neplodnost. Štetni učinci RFEMZ-a dijele se na: toplinske i netoplinske. Većinanegativnih bioloških učinaka pripisuje se netoplinskim učincima, a toplinski se učinci nastali RF-EMZ mobilnog telefona, smatraju manje štetnima. Zbog stvaranja prevelike količine reaktivnih kisikovih spojeva u muškom spolnom sustavu hipertermija skrotuma i povećani oksidativni stres mogu biti ključni mehanizmi putem kojih RF-EMZ-e utječe na plodnost muškaraca. Navedeni su i negativni učinci povezani s vremenom korištenja, ponajprije mobilnog telefona. Stoga je cilj ovoga preglednog rada opisati neke od učinaka RF-EMZ-a na muški spolni sustav.
电磁辐射来自自然环境，也来自工业和日常无线通信设备，因此人类和动物生物体不断暴露在辐射中。在过去的几年里，由于技术的快速进步，来自人工源的电磁辐射已经超过了自然源辐射的价值。由于大量使用射频电磁辐射（RF-EMZ）的设备（手机、便携式电脑、Wi-Fi和微波炉），我们所有人的整体担忧是有理由的，因为有更多证据表明它们对生物体有害。现代技术的发展方向是：mozak、srce、endokrini sustav i reproduktivnu funkciju。雄性生殖系统是RF-EMZ中最敏感的组织之一。例如，在体外和体内，RF-EMZ对精子发生有不利影响，包括人类和动物的射精类型——射精中的精子数量、精子的存活率、形态和生育能力——影响细胞代谢和内分泌系统，并可能导致遗传毒性、遗传不稳定和氧化应激。这可能会导致失败。RFEMZ的不良反应分为：发热和奈托普林。大多数负面生物效应归因于netoplin效应，而RF-EMZ手机的热效应被认为危害较小。鉴于男性性体温过高和氧化应激增加会产生过量的人类活性氧化合物，RF-EMZ可用于影响男性生育能力的关键机制。使用时间的负面影响也被指出，至少在使用手机之前。因此，本综述的目的是描述RF-EMZ对男性性别系统的一些影响。
{"title":"Učinci radiofrekvencijskog elektromagnetskog zračenja na mušku plodnost","authors":"Ivona Žura Žaja, Ivan Folnožić, Jadranka Pejaković Hlede, Marko Samardžija, Anamaria Sluganović, Nikolino Žura, Silvijo Vince, Suzana Milinković-Tur, Marinko Vilić, Iva Butković, Paulina Martinec","doi":"10.46419/vs.54.5.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.54.5.6","url":null,"abstract":"Elektromagnetsko se zračenje emitira iz prirodnog okruženja, ali i uporabom industrijskih i svakodnevnih uređaja za bežičnu komunikaciju, stoga su ljudski i životinjski organizmi stalno izloženi zračenju. Tijekom posljednjih godina, zbog brzog tehnološkog napretka, elektromagnetsko je zračenje iz umjetnih izvora premašilo je vrijednosti zračenja prirodnog podrijetla. Opća zabrinutost svih nas, zbog svevećeg broja uređaja (mobilni telefoni, prijenosna računala, Wi-Fi-ja i mikrovalnih pećnica), koji koriste radiofrekvencijsko elektromagnetsko zračenje (RF-EMZ) opravdana je zbog sve brojnijih dokaza o njihovoj štetnosti na žive organizme. Suvremeni uređaji moderne tehnologije emitiraju radiofrekvencijske elektromagnetske valove malih frekvencija koje ljudsko i životinjsko tijelo apsorbira što može imati potencijalne štetne učinke na: mozak, srce, endokrini sustav i reproduktivnu funkciju. Muški je reproduktivni sustav jedno od najosjetljivijih tkiva na RF-EMZ-e. Tako je primjerice, iz trenutno dostupnih studija provedenih in vitro i in vivo, jasno da RF-EMZ-e ima štetne učinke na spermatogenezu, odnosno kakvoću ejakulata ljudi i životinja – broj spermija u ejakulatu, preživljavanje, morfologiju i gibljivost spermija - utječu na stanični metabolizam i endokrini sustav i može prouzročiti genotoksičnost, genomsku nestabilnost i oksidativni stres, a to može prouzročiti neplodnost. Štetni učinci RFEMZ-a dijele se na: toplinske i netoplinske. Većinanegativnih bioloških učinaka pripisuje se netoplinskim učincima, a toplinski se učinci nastali RF-EMZ mobilnog telefona, smatraju manje štetnima. Zbog stvaranja prevelike količine reaktivnih kisikovih spojeva u muškom spolnom sustavu hipertermija skrotuma i povećani oksidativni stres mogu biti ključni mehanizmi putem kojih RF-EMZ-e utječe na plodnost muškaraca. Navedeni su i negativni učinci povezani s vremenom korištenja, ponajprije mobilnog telefona. Stoga je cilj ovoga preglednog rada opisati neke od učinaka RF-EMZ-a na muški spolni sustav.","PeriodicalId":23596,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarska stanica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44722709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marko Mitrovic, Ana U. Todorović, Zoran Vrbanac, Aleksandar Janevski, M. Lazarević Macanović
Patološka su stanja zuba kunića u svakodnevnoj kliničkoj praksi vrlo česta i često rezultiraju poremećajem u funkciji organa digestivnog i respiratornog sustava, a mogu imati i letalan ishod. Da bi se omogućila pravovremena primena terapije i spriječila pojava komplikacija, posebnu pažnju treba usmjeriti na ranu dijagnostiku. Radiološka dijagnostika predstavlja jednostavan, brz i nezaobilazan postupak u procjeni stanja zubi. Za razliku od drugih vrsta sisavaca, radiološki pregled zuba kunića se odlikuje određenim osobitostima koje se, prije svega, očituju u tehnikama snimanja i interpretaciji rendgenskih snimaka koji su detaljno prikazani u ovom radu.
巡逻异常在日常临床实践中非常常见，通常会导致消化和呼吸系统器官功能紊乱，也可能导致致命后果。Da bi se omogućila pravovremena terapije i spriječila pojava komplikacija，posebnu pažnju treba usmjeriti na ranu dijagnostiku。放射学诊断是牙齿状态评估中一个简单、快速且不可避免的过程。与其他哺乳动物不同，兔子牙齿的放射学检查是由本工作中详细介绍的视频和X射线解释技术中首次读取的某些特征决定的。
{"title":"Radiološki pregled zuba kunića","authors":"Marko Mitrovic, Ana U. Todorović, Zoran Vrbanac, Aleksandar Janevski, M. Lazarević Macanović","doi":"10.46419/vs.54.5.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.54.5.5","url":null,"abstract":"Patološka su stanja zuba kunića u svakodnevnoj kliničkoj praksi vrlo česta i često rezultiraju poremećajem u funkciji organa digestivnog i respiratornog sustava, a mogu imati i letalan ishod. Da bi se omogućila pravovremena primena terapije i spriječila pojava komplikacija, posebnu pažnju treba usmjeriti na ranu dijagnostiku. Radiološka dijagnostika predstavlja jednostavan, brz i nezaobilazan postupak u procjeni stanja zubi. Za razliku od drugih vrsta sisavaca, radiološki pregled zuba kunića se odlikuje određenim osobitostima koje se, prije svega, očituju u tehnikama snimanja i interpretaciji rendgenskih snimaka koji su detaljno prikazani u ovom radu.","PeriodicalId":23596,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarska stanica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46473111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Selim Pašić, Nato Popara, Antea Klobučar, D. Cvitković, M. Vilić
The aim of this paper is to present the concept of entropy in a simple way and to show its key importance in the transport processes of ions through the cell membrane using the latest discoveries in biophysics. Using a real-life example, we show how processes within a system lead to an increase in entropy. We also show how this entropy increase is directly related to the irreversibility of the process, and how it defines the arrow of time (direction of the flow of time). Using an abstract example, we clarify the meaning of the concept of disorder in a system, which is often used in defining entropy by connecting it with the number of microstates that realise a macroscopic state of a system. The importance of entropy in transport processes of ions through the cell membrane is considered. We show that passive transport processes through the cell membrane are the result of an entropy increase in the cell membrane-transported substance system. A model of active ion transport through the cell membrane following Rubi et al. (2017) is presented. The force that transports ions through the channel in the transport protein arises due to the entropy gradient formed along the transport channel, which is a consequence of the funnel shape of the channel. The entropic force is proportional to the ratio of the ion-available cross-sections of the exit and entrance surface of the channel. That means that only a very funnel-shaped channel can produce a sufficiently large force on the ions to overcome the concentration gradient of the substance. We analyse the final result for the force of entropy in the limits of a very wide and very narrow channel and find that the entropic force is proportional to the ratio of the areas of the exit to entrance surfaces of the channel, i.e., when the channel is very wide, while it becomes high as the width of the channel tends to the ion diameter, i.e., when the channel is very narrow. We explicitly explain how the presented model solves several fundamental questions about the active transport of substances: how is energy, a scalar quantity, converted into the directional motion of the ion (a vector quantity), how does energy drive ions considering that the point of release of energy is far from the point of binding of an ion in a transport protein and finally, how does energy, which is released in a very limited space, transport the ions over a very large spatial scale.
本文的目的是用一种简单的方式来介绍熵的概念，并利用生物物理学的最新发现来说明熵在离子通过细胞膜的运输过程中的关键重要性。通过一个现实生活中的例子，我们展示了系统中的过程是如何导致熵的增加的。我们还展示了熵的增加如何与过程的不可逆性直接相关，以及它如何定义时间之箭(时间流动的方向)。通过一个抽象的例子，我们澄清了系统中无序概念的含义，该概念通常用于通过将熵与实现系统宏观状态的微观状态的数量联系起来来定义熵。考虑了离子在细胞膜上的传递过程中熵的重要性。我们表明，通过细胞膜的被动运输过程是细胞膜运输物质系统熵增加的结果。Rubi et al.(2017)提出了一个通过细胞膜的活性离子运输模型。在运输蛋白中，由于沿着运输通道形成的熵梯度而产生通过通道运输离子的力，这是通道漏斗形状的结果。熵力与通道出口和入口表面的离子可用横截面的比例成正比。这意味着只有一个漏斗状的通道才能对离子产生足够大的力来克服物质的浓度梯度。我们分析了在非常宽和非常窄的通道极限下的熵力的最终结果，发现熵力与通道出口和入口表面的面积之比成正比，即当通道非常宽时，而当通道宽度趋向于离子直径时，即当通道非常窄时，熵力变得很高。我们明确地解释了模型解决了几个基本问题的主动运输物质:能源,如何一个标量,转化成离子的定向运动(矢量),如何考虑到能源驱动离子的能量释放点远从绑定的离子运输蛋白质和最后,能源,如何发布在一个非常有限的空间,运输离子在一个规模非常大的空间。
{"title":"Entropy and its significance in transport of ions through the cell membrane","authors":"Selim Pašić, Nato Popara, Antea Klobučar, D. Cvitković, M. Vilić","doi":"10.46419/vs.54.5.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.54.5.8","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to present the concept of entropy in a simple way and to show its key importance in the transport processes of ions through the cell membrane using the latest discoveries in biophysics. Using a real-life example, we show how processes within a system lead to an increase in entropy. We also show how this entropy increase is directly related to the irreversibility of the process, and how it defines the arrow of time (direction of the flow of time). Using an abstract example, we clarify the meaning of the concept of disorder in a system, which is often used in defining entropy by connecting it with the number of microstates that realise a macroscopic state of a system. The importance of entropy in transport processes of ions through the cell membrane is considered. We show that passive transport processes through the cell membrane are the result of an entropy increase in the cell membrane-transported substance system. A model of active ion transport through the cell membrane following Rubi et al. (2017) is presented. The force that transports ions through the channel in the transport protein arises due to the entropy gradient formed along the transport channel, which is a consequence of the funnel shape of the channel. The entropic force is proportional to the ratio of the ion-available cross-sections of the exit and entrance surface of the channel. That means that only a very funnel-shaped channel can produce a sufficiently large force on the ions to overcome the concentration gradient of the substance. We analyse the final result for the force of entropy in the limits of a very wide and very narrow channel and find that the entropic force is proportional to the ratio of the areas of the exit to entrance surfaces of the channel, i.e., when the channel is very wide, while it becomes high as the width of the channel tends to the ion diameter, i.e., when the channel is very narrow. We explicitly explain how the presented model solves several fundamental questions about the active transport of substances: how is energy, a scalar quantity, converted into the directional motion of the ion (a vector quantity), how does energy drive ions considering that the point of release of energy is far from the point of binding of an ion in a transport protein and finally, how does energy, which is released in a very limited space, transport the ions over a very large spatial scale.","PeriodicalId":23596,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarska stanica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45884289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rabbits are susceptible to various respiratory affections. Pasteurellosis, caused by P. multocida, is regarded as one of the most important bacterial diseases of rabbits. The disease is characterised by chronic mucopurulent respiratory affection (snuffles) or more acute and subacute bronchopneumonia leading to high mortality and severe devastating losses in rabbit production. Moreover, pasteurellosis is associated with septicaemia, abscesses, otitis media, and nervous and reproductive disorders. P. multocida is widely distributed worldwide and mostly affects rabbits from 4 to 8 weeks of life. Infection with P. multocida usually occurs by indirect or direct contact, chiefly via aerosol. Moreover, the presence of other stressors can aggravate the severity of infection. The gold standard for the diagnosis of pasteurellosis is traditional isolation and identification methods. However, molecular techniques are used now for rapid detection of P. multocida and its virulence genes. Prevention is based on the application of hygienic methods, vaccination, and treatment using various antimicrobials. This review article gives an overview of pasteurellosis in rabbits regarding disease incidence, susceptibility and transmission, signs and lesions, laboratory diagnosis, and the prevention and control methods.
{"title":"Pasteurellosis: A significant bacterial disease in rabbit production","authors":"W. A. Abd El-Ghany","doi":"10.46419/vs.54.5.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.54.5.1","url":null,"abstract":"Rabbits are susceptible to various respiratory affections. Pasteurellosis, caused by P. multocida, is regarded as one of the most important bacterial diseases of rabbits. The disease is characterised by chronic mucopurulent respiratory affection (snuffles) or more acute and subacute bronchopneumonia leading to high mortality and severe devastating losses in rabbit production. Moreover, pasteurellosis is associated with septicaemia, abscesses, otitis media, and nervous and reproductive disorders. P. multocida is widely distributed worldwide and mostly affects rabbits from 4 to 8 weeks of life. Infection with P. multocida usually occurs by indirect or direct contact, chiefly via aerosol. Moreover, the presence of other stressors can aggravate the severity of infection. The gold standard for the diagnosis of pasteurellosis is traditional isolation and identification methods. However, molecular techniques are used now for rapid detection of P. multocida and its virulence genes. Prevention is based on the application of hygienic methods, vaccination, and treatment using various antimicrobials. This review article gives an overview of pasteurellosis in rabbits regarding disease incidence, susceptibility and transmission, signs and lesions, laboratory diagnosis, and the prevention and control methods.","PeriodicalId":23596,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarska stanica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47212182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rima Sadeddine, S. Righi, Karim Daghri, K. Saidani, Ahmed Benakhala
An analysis was conducted on the arthropod fauna collected from stork, swallow, and pigeon nests during summer 2018 in three regions of north-eastern Algeria (Guelma, El-Tarf, and Annaba). A total of 40 nests was examined, of which 58% were infested with arthropods. Arthropods were less abundant and species rich in swallow nests than in pigeon or stork nests, where a greater dominance of mesostigmatic mites (78.71% and 72.41%, respectively) was found. Dermanyssus gallinae was the most abundant (33.05%) and most frequent (73.33%) mesostigmatic mite in pigeon nests, while uropodina mites were dominant (41.37%) in white stork nests with a frequency of 76.92% of the nests analysed. In swallow nests, the following arthropods were found: Psocodea, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera and Coleoptera belonging to the class Insecta and Isopoda belonging to the class Malacostraca. This is the first comparative survey of arthropods occupying the nests of these bird species in northern Algeria. It is anticipated that these data, that highlight the richness of the arthropod fauna in the nests of these bird species, will motivate further research aimed at characterising the arthropod community in different bird nests and determining the nature of the relationships between them.
{"title":"A comparative study of the arthropod fauna in stork, barn swallow and common pigeon nests","authors":"Rima Sadeddine, S. Righi, Karim Daghri, K. Saidani, Ahmed Benakhala","doi":"10.46419/vs.54.5.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.54.5.7","url":null,"abstract":"An analysis was conducted on the arthropod fauna collected from stork, swallow, and pigeon nests during summer 2018 in three regions of north-eastern Algeria (Guelma, El-Tarf, and Annaba). A total of 40 nests was examined, of which 58% were infested with arthropods. Arthropods were less abundant and species rich in swallow nests than in pigeon or stork nests, where a greater dominance of mesostigmatic mites (78.71% and 72.41%, respectively) was found. Dermanyssus gallinae was the most abundant (33.05%) and most frequent (73.33%) mesostigmatic mite in pigeon nests, while uropodina mites were dominant (41.37%) in white stork nests with a frequency of 76.92% of the nests analysed. In swallow nests, the following arthropods were found: Psocodea, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera and Coleoptera belonging to the class Insecta and Isopoda belonging to the class Malacostraca. This is the first comparative survey of arthropods occupying the nests of these bird species in northern Algeria. It is anticipated that these data, that highlight the richness of the arthropod fauna in the nests of these bird species, will motivate further research aimed at characterising the arthropod community in different bird nests and determining the nature of the relationships between them.","PeriodicalId":23596,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarska stanica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41742041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andreia Garcês, P. Brilhante-Simões, D. Duque, Filipe Sampaio, Augusto Silva, Ricardo Lopes, Delsy Salinas, Helder Fernandes
An adult Ouachita Map Turtle (Graptemys ouachitensis) was presented for consultation with multifocal, erosive and ulcerative lesions, multiple fissures on the plastron and shell, and dermatitis on the members and head. Samples of shell scrapings were collected for routine microbial culturing and Fusarium solani was isolated from the samples. To the author’s knowledge, this is the first reported case of F. solani associated with cutaneous and shell mycosis in this turtle species.
{"title":"First report of a cutaneous and shell mycosis in an Ouachita Map Turtle (Graptemys ouachitensis, Cagle, 1953) by Fusarium solani","authors":"Andreia Garcês, P. Brilhante-Simões, D. Duque, Filipe Sampaio, Augusto Silva, Ricardo Lopes, Delsy Salinas, Helder Fernandes","doi":"10.46419/vs.54.5.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.54.5.3","url":null,"abstract":"An adult Ouachita Map Turtle (Graptemys ouachitensis) was presented for consultation with multifocal, erosive and ulcerative lesions, multiple fissures on the plastron and shell, and dermatitis on the members and head. Samples of shell scrapings were collected for routine microbial culturing and Fusarium solani was isolated from the samples. To the author’s knowledge, this is the first reported case of F. solani associated with cutaneous and shell mycosis in this turtle species.","PeriodicalId":23596,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarska stanica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49144371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Ječmenica, A. Humski, Louie Thomas Taylor, B. Šimpraga, F. Krstulović, Tajana Amšel Zelenika, L. Jurinović
Gulls are a group of seabirds distributed worldwide that are an important reservoir of Salmonella spp. Salmonellosis is the second most commonly reported gastrointestinal infection in humans, and understanding the role wild birds have in spreading Salmonella can help to improve the health of humans and domestic animals. The mobility and migration capacity of gulls makes them an interesting group for research given their potential role in spreading pathogens. This paper presents the diversity and prevalence of Salmonella spp. in different gull species caught at a landfill in Zagreb in the winter months over a nine-year period from 2014-2022. In total, 1083 cloacal swabs were sampled from six gull species: Black-headed Gull (Larus ridibundus), Yellow-legged Gull (L. michahellis), Caspian Gull (L. cachinnans), Common Gull (L. canus), Lesser Black-back Gull (L. fuscus) and Herring Gull (L. argentatus). The prevalence of Salmonella was 5.82%, and 16 Salmonella serotypes were identified; S. Typhimurium had the highest prevalence (47.62%) followed by S. Enteritidis (12.69%) and S. Infantis (9.52%). To date, 82 Salmonella serotypes have been isolated in research on gulls in Europe, with S. Typhimurium as the most common, followed by S. Agona and S. Enteritidis. In this study, we found three serotypes not previously reported in gulls, S. Yalding, S. Reading and one with the antigenic formula O:17; H:z10; H:e,n,x,z15 (IIIb).
{"title":"Diversity and prevalence of Salmonella spp. in gulls caught at a landfill, Zagreb, Croatia","authors":"B. Ječmenica, A. Humski, Louie Thomas Taylor, B. Šimpraga, F. Krstulović, Tajana Amšel Zelenika, L. Jurinović","doi":"10.46419/vs.54.5.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.54.5.2","url":null,"abstract":"Gulls are a group of seabirds distributed worldwide that are an important reservoir of Salmonella spp. Salmonellosis is the second most commonly reported gastrointestinal infection in humans, and understanding the role wild birds have in spreading Salmonella can help to improve the health of humans and domestic animals. The mobility and migration capacity of gulls makes them an interesting group for research given their potential role in spreading pathogens. This paper presents the diversity and prevalence of Salmonella spp. in different gull species caught at a landfill in Zagreb in the winter months over a nine-year period from 2014-2022. In total, 1083 cloacal swabs were sampled from six gull species: Black-headed Gull (Larus ridibundus), Yellow-legged Gull (L. michahellis), Caspian Gull (L. cachinnans), Common Gull (L. canus), Lesser Black-back Gull (L. fuscus) and Herring Gull (L. argentatus). The prevalence of Salmonella was 5.82%, and 16 Salmonella serotypes were identified; S. Typhimurium had the highest prevalence (47.62%) followed by S. Enteritidis (12.69%) and S. Infantis (9.52%). To date, 82 Salmonella serotypes have been isolated in research on gulls in Europe, with S. Typhimurium as the most common, followed by S. Agona and S. Enteritidis. In this study, we found three serotypes not previously reported in gulls, S. Yalding, S. Reading and one with the antigenic formula O:17; H:z10; H:e,n,x,z15 (IIIb).","PeriodicalId":23596,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarska stanica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49434562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Velma Rebić, M. Aljičević, V. Landeka, Džanela Mešinović, Amina Karić
Cottage cheese is the largest segment of the dairy market and is most often consumed as a fresh food. The microbiological quality of domestic cottage cheese can pose a problem for public health. Cottage cheese belongs to a group of foods having a potential public health risk. The aim of this study was to conduct microbiological research to determine the level of sanitary safety of cottage cheese types acquired from the most frequents markets of Sarajevo Canton (Bosnia and Herzegovina). Of the total (n=40) analysed cheese types, 22 samples (55%) proved to be meet sanitary requirements, while 18 samples (45%) did not meet microbiological quality, pursuant to the microbiological criteria for cheese stipulated by the National Regulation of Microbiological Criteria B&H and Guidelines for Microbiological Food Criteria B&H. The study included 24 samples of pasteurised and 16 samples of unpasteurised milk. However, five cheese samples (20.8%) from pasteurised milk, and 13 samples (81.3%) from unpasteurised milk were non-compliant. Microbiological analysis was conducted for compulsory and several recommended microorganisms: Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, coagulase positive staphylococci and other species (Staphylococcus aureus), Escherichia coli, and yeasts and moulds. Our findings confirm that the most common bacteria were S. aureus and E. coli. Also, yeasts and moulds were detected but were within the permissible concentrations. Salmonella spp. and L. monocytogenes were not detected in any of the examined samples.
{"title":"Pathogen presence in cottage cheese sold for public consumption at Sarajevo Canton markets","authors":"Velma Rebić, M. Aljičević, V. Landeka, Džanela Mešinović, Amina Karić","doi":"10.46419/vs.54.4.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.54.4.7","url":null,"abstract":"Cottage cheese is the largest segment of the dairy market and is most often consumed as a fresh food. The microbiological quality of domestic cottage cheese can pose a problem for public health. Cottage cheese belongs to a group of foods having a potential public health risk. The aim of this study was to conduct microbiological research to determine the level of sanitary safety of cottage cheese types acquired from the most frequents markets of Sarajevo Canton (Bosnia and Herzegovina). Of the total (n=40) analysed cheese types, 22 samples (55%) proved to be meet sanitary requirements, while 18 samples (45%) did not meet microbiological quality, pursuant to the microbiological criteria for cheese stipulated by the National Regulation of Microbiological Criteria B&H and Guidelines for Microbiological Food Criteria B&H. The study included 24 samples of pasteurised and 16 samples of unpasteurised milk. However, five cheese samples (20.8%) from pasteurised milk, and 13 samples (81.3%) from unpasteurised milk were non-compliant. Microbiological analysis was conducted for compulsory and several recommended microorganisms: Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, coagulase positive staphylococci and other species (Staphylococcus aureus), Escherichia coli, and yeasts and moulds. Our findings confirm that the most common bacteria were S. aureus and E. coli. Also, yeasts and moulds were detected but were within the permissible concentrations. Salmonella spp. and L. monocytogenes were not detected in any of the examined samples.","PeriodicalId":23596,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarska stanica","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70501194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Željka Anzulović Šanta, Anja Ognjenović, F. Božić, Boška Hrvačić, Ines Glojnarić, Snježana Čužić, Maja Antolić
Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) routinely implemented in clinics are the first step in the diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Evaluation of PFTs in the mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis accompanied by histological readouts may improve the clinical predictability of new therapeutic candidates. Forced vital capacity (FVC) is considered the most predictive of restrictive pulmonary disorders. This study aimed to test the improvement of PFT in mice lung fibrosis induced by treatment with an approved substance nintedanib, considered the gold standard. The hypothesis that treatment in animal models will demonstrate similar effects as in humans in the most relevant clinical outcomes was tested. Two experimental designs were enrolled in this study, a preventive regimen, with treatment initiation from the day of the challenge; and a therapeutic regimen, starting on day 7 postchallenge when fibrotic changes are present in the lungs. Experiments were terminated at two different time points, at 14 and 21 days postchallenge. C57BL/6 mice were administered with bleomycin (BLM) intranasally and treated with nintedanib from day 0 to day 14 or from day 7 until day 21. Fourteen or 21 days after the BLM challenge, PFTs were assessed using the in vivo invasive lung function measurement system Buxco® Pulmonary Function Test (PFT) (DSI™, New Brighton, USA). Histological evaluation was performed as a modified Ashcroft score. The bleomycin challenge induced a significant decrease of FVC in both experiments. However, nintedanib treatment given in both regimens significantly improved lung functionality. These findings were confirmed with histological analysis of the Ashcroft scoring system, modified by Matsuse. In conclusion, a good correlation between functional test parameters and the clinical effect of nintedanib was shown in both experiments: the preventive regimen was sampled 14 days post-challenge and the therapeutic regimen 21 days post-challenge. Based on these findings, the implementation of PFTs could be a good platform to increase the translational value of the model and potential new treatments.
{"title":"Retrospektivna procjena učinka nintedaniba u mišjem modelu plućne fibroze","authors":"Željka Anzulović Šanta, Anja Ognjenović, F. Božić, Boška Hrvačić, Ines Glojnarić, Snježana Čužić, Maja Antolić","doi":"10.46419/vs.54.4.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.54.4.4","url":null,"abstract":"Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) routinely implemented in clinics are the first step in the diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Evaluation of PFTs in the mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis accompanied by histological readouts may improve the clinical predictability of new therapeutic candidates. Forced vital capacity (FVC) is considered the most predictive of restrictive pulmonary disorders. This study aimed to test the improvement of PFT in mice lung fibrosis induced by treatment with an approved substance nintedanib, considered the gold standard. The hypothesis that treatment in animal models will demonstrate similar effects as in humans in the most relevant clinical outcomes was tested. Two experimental designs were enrolled in this study, a preventive regimen, with treatment initiation from the day of the challenge; and a therapeutic regimen, starting on day 7 postchallenge when fibrotic changes are present in the lungs. Experiments were terminated at two different time points, at 14 and 21 days postchallenge. C57BL/6 mice were administered with bleomycin (BLM) intranasally and treated with nintedanib from day 0 to day 14 or from day 7 until day 21. Fourteen or 21 days after the BLM challenge, PFTs were assessed using the in vivo invasive lung function measurement system Buxco® Pulmonary Function Test (PFT) (DSI™, New Brighton, USA). Histological evaluation was performed as a modified Ashcroft score. The bleomycin challenge induced a significant decrease of FVC in both experiments. However, nintedanib treatment given in both regimens significantly improved lung functionality. These findings were confirmed with histological analysis of the Ashcroft scoring system, modified by Matsuse. In conclusion, a good correlation between functional test parameters and the clinical effect of nintedanib was shown in both experiments: the preventive regimen was sampled 14 days post-challenge and the therapeutic regimen 21 days post-challenge. Based on these findings, the implementation of PFTs could be a good platform to increase the translational value of the model and potential new treatments.","PeriodicalId":23596,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarska stanica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42002047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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