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Hearing problems in humans and mouse models with rare copy number variants associated with schizophrenia: a scoping review protocol.
Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-12-16 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.23013.1
Stephen Murtough, Daniele Panconesi, Chen Lu, Rosemary Abidoph, Marius Cotic, Daisy Mills, Alvin Richards-Belle, Maria Richards-Brown, Noushin Saadullah Khani, Lauren Varney, Jennifer F Linden, Elvira Bramon

Background: Hearing loss is a risk factor for developing auditory hallucinations and other psychosis symptoms. To date, very little research has investigated hearing loss in individuals with a high genetic risk of developing schizophrenia and other types of psychosis. 13 copy number variant (CNV) loci are robustly associated with an increased risk of schizophrenia. Of these, microdeletions at 22q11.2 often lead to some hearing loss, and mouse models of this CNV display impaired auditory functioning. We hypothesise that individuals who have a high genetic risk of schizophrenia may also experience hearing problems. This scoping review will explore whether the 13 schizophrenia-associated CNVs are related to hearing problems, including peripheral hearing loss and other auditory problems, in humans and related mouse models.

Methods: Our scoping review will follow guidelines provided by the Joanna Briggs Institute and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. A systematic search will be completed using PubMed (MEDLINE), Embase, PsychINFO, and Cochrane Library databases, as well as other sources to identify relevant grey literature. Search terms will include all commonly used synonyms for hearing loss and problems with auditory perception, and both human and mouse studies that describe relevant CNVs will be included. Search lists will be screened by two authors independently, according to eligibility criteria, and data will be extracted and summarised using a narrative approach.

Conclusions: To our knowledge, this will be the first scoping review to explore auditory functioning across all CNVs that confer high schizophrenia risk. Looking ahead, if hearing problems are a clinical feature in these groups (including humans and related mouse models), they may serve as useful genetic models for future mechanistic studies.

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引用次数: 0
The genome sequence of the Bird-cherry Ermine moth, Yponomeuta evonymella (Linnaeus, 1758).
Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-12-16 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.23211.2
Douglas Boyes, Callum Murray

We present a genome assembly from an individual female Yponomeuta evonymella (the Bird-cherry Ermine; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Yponomeutidae). The genome sequence has a total length of 572.70 megabases. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 32 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the trivalent sex chromosomes Z 1, Z 2 and W. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 16.16 kilobases in length.

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引用次数: 0
Overview of multimorbidity research in India: a scoping review protocol. 印度多病研究综述:范围审查方案。
Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-12-16 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.21378.2
Parul Puri, Siaa Girotra, Arpita Ghosh

Background: Due to demographic and epidemiological shifts, people are living until older ages with more morbidities. These morbidities often have shared pathophysiology, which leads to a rise in coexisting health issues known as 'multimorbidity'. Primary care studies and disease burden surveys have multiplied, unveiling varied aspects of multimorbidity, yet with inconsistent definitions and methods. This protocol aims to guide an in-depth and comprehensive exploration of multimorbidity research in India through a scoping review, to understand the extent, range, and nature of research on multimorbidity in India.

Methods: This study will comprehensively search the PubMed/Medline, Cochrane, and Embase databases employing a well-defined strategy. All studies published in English will be considered, provided the focus is multimorbidity and there is information specifically from India. Two reviewers will independently screen the search outcomes, and data extraction will include multimorbidity definitions, data and methods, patterns, risk factors and outcomes. The research will follow the Joanna Briggs Institute framework and adhere to PRISMA-P 2015 guidelines for reporting. Descriptive statistics and narrative synthesis will be used to summarize findings.

Conclusions: Findings from this review will shed light on the extent and nature of multimorbidity research in India and help guide future research.

背景:由于人口和流行病学的变化,人们活到老年,发病率更高。这些疾病通常具有共同的病理生理学,这导致被称为“多重疾病”的共存健康问题的增加。初级保健研究和疾病负担调查成倍增加,揭示了多发病的各个方面,但定义和方法不一致。本议定书旨在通过范围审查指导印度多病研究的深入和全面探索,以了解印度多病研究的程度、范围和性质。方法:本研究将采用明确的策略全面检索PubMed/Medline、Cochrane和Embase数据库。所有以英文发表的研究都将被考虑,只要重点是多发病,并且有专门来自印度的信息。两名审稿人将独立筛选搜索结果,数据提取将包括多病症定义、数据和方法、模式、风险因素和结果。该研究将遵循乔安娜布里格斯研究所的框架,并遵守PRISMA-P 2015报告指南。描述性统计和叙述性综合将用于总结研究结果。结论:本综述的发现将阐明印度多发病研究的范围和性质,并有助于指导未来的研究。
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引用次数: 0
A systematic review of interventions targeting Anopheles stephensi.
Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-12-16 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.23480.1
Patricia Doumbe Belisse, Alison M Reynolds, David Weetman, Anne L Wilson, Martin J Donnelly

Background: Anopheles stephensi, a malaria mosquito originally from South Asia and the Middle East, has been expanding across both Asia and Africa in recent decades. The invasion of this species into sub-Saharan Africa is of particular concern given its potential to increase malaria burden, especially in urban environments where An. stephensi thrives. Whilst surveillance of this vector in Africa has recently increased markedly there is a need to review the existing methods of An. stephensi control so that we can stop, rather than simply monitor, its spread in Africa.

Methods: We searched published papers in PubMed using An. stephensi and intervention-specific search terms. Forty-five full-text articles were screened for eligibility and all those that reported the use of interventions against An. stephensi, and the effect on malaria incidence, malaria prevalence or vector densities were included in the analysis. All data retrieved from the literature were from the native range of An. stephensi and from the period 1995 to 2018.

Results: Fourteen studies which met the inclusion criteria were included in the final analysis. The vector control interventions discussed were bio larvicides (n=3), repellents (n=1), Indoor Residual Spraying (n=2), Insecticide Treated Nets (n=3), insecticide-treated materials other than nets (n=3), the combined use of repellents and mosquito nets (n=1), and combination of biolarvicide and fish (n=1). Outcomes of the studies were primarily vector density (n=10) although some reported malaria incidence and/or prevalence (n=4).

Conclusions: Long-lasting insecticidal nets and indoor residual spraying are effective in controlling, An. stephensi-transmitted malaria and reducing vector density, with repellents offering a complementary approach, especially in urban areas where this vector thrives. The private sector can help scale up affordable repellent production in Africa. There is a need to address gaps in cost-effectiveness analysis and gather more epidemiological evidence to better assess the impact of malaria control strategies.

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引用次数: 0
Study protocol: Comparison of different risk prediction modelling approaches for COVID-19 related death using the OpenSAFELY platform.
Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-12-16 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16353.2
Elizabeth J Williamson, John Tazare, Krishnan Bhaskaran, Alex J Walker, Helen I McDonald, Laurie A Tomlinson, Sebastian Bacon, Chris Bates, Helen J Curtis, Harriet Forbes, Caroline Minassian, Caroline E Morton, Emily Nightingale, Amir Mehrkar, Dave Evans, Brian D Nicholson, David Leon, Peter Inglesby, Brian MacKenna, Jonathan Cockburn, Nicholas G Davies, Will J Hulme, Jessica Morley, Ian J Douglas, Christopher T Rentsch, Rohini Mathur, Angel Wong, Anna Schultze, Richard Croker, John Parry, Frank Hester, Sam Harper, Rafael Perera, Richard Grieve, David Harrison, Ewout Steyerberg, Rosalind M Eggo, Karla Diaz-Ordaz, Ruth Keogh, Stephen J W Evans, Liam Smeeth, Ben Goldacre

On March 11th 2020, the World Health Organization characterised COVID-19 as a pandemic. Responses to containing the spread of the virus have relied heavily on policies involving restricting contact between people. Evolving policies regarding shielding and individual choices about restricting social contact will rely heavily on perceived risk of poor outcomes from COVID-19. In order to make informed decisions, both individual and collective, good predictive models are required. For outcomes related to an infectious disease, the performance of any risk prediction model will depend heavily on the underlying prevalence of infection in the population of interest. Incorporating measures of how this changes over time may result in important improvements in prediction model performance. This protocol reports details of a planned study to explore the extent to which incorporating time-varying measures of infection burden over time improves the quality of risk prediction models for COVID-19 death in a large population of adult patients in England. To achieve this aim, we will compare the performance of different modelling approaches to risk prediction, including static cohort approaches typically used in chronic disease settings and landmarking approaches incorporating time-varying measures of infection prevalence and policy change, using COVID-19 related deaths data linked to longitudinal primary care electronic health records data within the OpenSAFELY secure analytics platform.

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引用次数: 0
Migration policies versus public health - the ethics of Covid-19 related movement restrictions for asylum seekers in reception centers in Greece in 2020. 移民政策与公共卫生--2020 年希腊收容中心对寻求庇护者实施与 Covid-19 相关的行动限制的伦理问题。
Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-12-11 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.20547.2
George Makris

Background: The emergency context of the Covid-19 pandemic necessitated the use of national and international public health measures of unprecedented scale to minimize mortality and morbidity, often in conflict with other principles and rights, such as the autonomy of individuals. Concerns have been voiced that for populations facing precarity, such as migrants, a disproportionate and unfair application of restrictive measures, deficient application of protective measures, and even enforcement of restrictive migration policies under the pretext of the pandemic has occurred.

Methods: Experts have proposed various principles as possible moral foundations of public health interventions. The author used two public health ethics frameworks to examine the ethical acceptability of movement restrictions on asylum seekers residing in refugee camps in Greece from March 2020 to October 2020.

Results: Most of the principles described in the frameworks for the ethical application of movement restrictions were not adhered to. Main concerns include that, measures were prolonged despite lack of evidence about their effectiveness to reduce morbidity and mortality, while posing severe and disproportionate burdens for this population.

Conclusions: An ethically acceptable public health response to Covid-19 is incompatible with certain living conditions of refugees, asylum seekers, and migrants. Moral and political determinants of health, such as social inequalities and criteria for health resources allocation, can shape the form and effectiveness of public health interventions during emergencies. The role of the discipline of public health to address these underlying determinants, that influence health-related outcomes, is an important moral question in itself. It is essential for public health professionals to be aware of the moral theorizations that underpin their work, so as to ensure that their policies align with them and to contribute to the debate that shapes these determinants.

背景:在 Covid-19 大流行病的紧急情况下,有必要采取规模空前的国家和国际公共卫 生措施,以尽量降低死亡率和发病率,但这些措施往往与其他原则和权利(如个人自 主权)相冲突。有人担心,对于移民等生活不稳定的人群来说,限制性措施的应用不相称、不公平,保护性措施的应用不足,甚至以大流行病为借口执行限制性移民政策的情况时有发生:作为公共卫生干预措施的道德基础,提出了各种原则。作者利用两个公共卫生伦理框架,研究了从 2020 年 3 月至 2020 年 10 月对居住在希腊难民营的寻求庇护者实施行动限制的伦理可接受性:结果:框架中描述的对行动限制进行伦理应用的大多数原则都没有得到遵守。主要问题包括:尽管没有证据表明这些措施能够有效降低发病率和死亡率,但仍延长了这些措施的实施时间,同时对这些人群造成了严重和不成比例的负担:针对 Covid-19 的可接受的公共卫生对策与难民、寻求庇护者和移民的某些生活条件不相容。当现有的不公正和社会不平等与健康结果有令人信服的联系时,公共卫生学科是否以及在多大程度上具有纠正这些不公正和不平等的固有作用,是为这些人群设计公共卫生干预措施的核心问题。答案可以说明需要解决健康的道德和政治决定因素。公共卫生专业人员必须了解支撑其工作的道德理论,以确保其政策与这些理论保持一致,并为形成这些决定因素的辩论做出贡献。
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引用次数: 0
Awake prone positioning effectiveness in moderate to severe COVID-19 a randomized controlled trial. 醒着俯卧位在中重度COVID-19治疗中的有效性:一项随机对照试验
Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-12-07 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.22792.2
Nguyen Thanh Phong, Du Hong Duc, Ho Bich Hai, Nguyen Thanh Nguyen, Le Dinh Van Khoa, Le Thuy Thuy Khanh, Luu Hoai Bao Tran, Nguyen Thi My Linh, Cao Thi Cam Van, Dang Phuong Thao, Nguyen Thi Diem Trinh, Pham Tieu Kieu, Nguyen Thanh Truong, Vo Tan Hoang, Nguyen Thanh Ngoc, Tran Thi Dong Vien, Vo Trieu Ly, Tran Dang Khoa, Abigail Beane, James Anibal, Guy E Thwaites, Ronald Geskus, David Clifton, Nguyen Thi Phuong Dung, Evelyne Kestelyn, Guy Glover, Le Van Tan, Lam Minh Yen, Nguyen Le Nhu Tung, Nguyen Thanh Dung, C Louise Thwaites

Background: Awake prone positioning (APP) may be beneficial in patients with respiratory failure who are not receiving mechanical ventilation. Randomized controlled trials of APP have been performed during peak COVID-19 periods in unvaccinated populations, with limited data on compliance or patient acceptability. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and acceptability of APP in a lower-middle income country in an open-label randomized controlled trial using a dedicated APP implementation team and wearable continuous-monitoring devices.

Methods: The trial was performed at a tertiary level hospital in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, recruiting adults (≥18 years) hospitalized with moderate or severe COVID-19 and receiving supplemental oxygen therapy via nasal/facemask systems or high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC). Patients were allocated by a computer-generated random number sequence in a 1:1 ratio to standard care or APP, where a dedicated team provided bedside support. Wearable devices continuously recorded pulse oximetry and body position continuously. Our primary outcome was escalation of respiratory support within 28 days of randomization.

Results: Ninety-three patients were enrolled in this study between March 2022 and March 2023. Eighty (86%) patients had received ≥2 doses of SARS-CoV2 vaccine. The study was terminated early because of a reduction in the number of eligible patients. Data from 46 patients allocated to APP and 47 to standard care were available for analysis. At baseline, 19/47 (40%) patients allocated to the standard care group and 14/46 (30%) patients allocated to the APP group received HFNC. Continuous monitoring data were available for all patients monitored with wearable devices. Significantly greater mean daily APP times were achieved in those allocated to APP, however, most achieved less than the target 8 h/day. We did not detect clear differences in the primary outcome (relative risk,RR, 0.85, 95% CI 0.40-1.78, p=0.67) or secondary outcomes, including intubation rate and 28-day mortality. Patients reported prone positioning was comfortable, although almost all patients preferred supine positioning. No adverse events associated with the intervention were observed.

Conclusions: APP was not associated with benefit, but there was no sign of harm. Continuous monitoring with wearable devices is both feasible and acceptable for patients. In our population, achieving prolonged APP time was challenging despite a dedicated support team, and patients preferred supine positioning.

Clinical trials registration: NCT05083130.

背景:清醒俯卧位(APP)可能对未接受机械通气的呼吸衰竭患者有益。在COVID-19高峰期未接种疫苗的人群中进行了APP的随机对照试验,但关于依从性或患者可接受性的数据有限。我们的目的是通过开放标签随机对照试验,使用专门的APP实施团队和可穿戴连续监测设备,评估APP在中低收入国家的疗效和可接受性。方法:试验在越南胡志明市的一家三级医院进行,招募中重度COVID-19住院的成人(≥18岁),并通过鼻/面罩系统或高流量鼻插管(HFNC)进行补充氧治疗。患者按照计算机生成的随机数序列按1:1的比例分配到标准护理或APP,由专门的团队提供床边支持。可穿戴设备连续记录脉搏氧饱和度和身体位置。我们的主要结局是28天内呼吸支持的增加。结果:在2022年3月至2023年3月期间,93名患者入组该研究。80例(86%)患者接种了≥2剂SARS-CoV2疫苗。由于符合条件的患者数量减少,该研究被提前终止。分配到APP组的46例患者和分配到标准护理组的47例患者的数据可用于分析。基线时,标准治疗组19/47(40%)患者和APP组14/46(30%)患者接受HFNC治疗。所有使用可穿戴设备监测的患者均可获得连续监测数据。在那些被分配到APP的人中,平均每日APP时间显著增加,然而,大多数人达到的目标少于8小时/天。我们没有发现主要结局(相对危险度,RR, 0.85, 95% CI 0.40-1.78, p=0.67)或次要结局(包括插管率和28天死亡率)的明显差异。患者报告俯卧位舒适,尽管几乎所有患者更喜欢仰卧位。未观察到与干预相关的不良事件。结论:APP与获益无关,但无危害迹象。对患者来说,使用可穿戴设备进行持续监测是可行的,也是可以接受的。在我们的人群中,尽管有专门的支持团队,但延长APP时间是具有挑战性的,患者更喜欢仰卧位。临床试验注册:NCT05083130。
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引用次数: 0
Exome sequencing of UK birth cohorts. 英国出生队列的外显子组测序。
Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-12-05 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.22697.2
Mahmoud Koko, Laurie Fabian, Iaroslav Popov, Ruth Y Eberhardt, Gennadii Zakharov, Qin Qin Huang, Emma E Wade, Rafaq Azad, Petr Danecek, Karen Ho, Amy Hough, Wei Huang, Sarah J Lindsay, Daniel S Malawsky, Davide Bonfanti, Dan Mason, Deborah Plowman, Michael A Quail, Susan M Ring, Gemma Shireby, Sara Widaa, Emla Fitzsimons, Vivek Iyer, David Bann, Nicholas J Timpson, John Wright, Matthew E Hurles, Hilary C Martin

Birth cohort studies involve repeated surveys of large numbers of individuals from birth and throughout their lives. They collect information useful for a wide range of life course research domains, and biological samples which can be used to derive data from an increasing collection of omic technologies. This rich source of longitudinal data, when combined with genomic data, offers the scientific community valuable insights ranging from population genetics to applications across the social sciences. Here we present quality-controlled whole exome sequencing data from three UK birth cohorts: the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (8,436 children and 3,215 parents), the Millenium Cohort Study (7,667 children and 6,925 parents) and Born in Bradford (8,784 children and 2,875 parents). The overall objective of this coordinated effort is to make the resulting high-quality data widely accessible to the global research community in a timely manner. We describe how the datasets were generated and subjected to quality control at the sample, variant and genotype level. We then present some preliminary analyses to illustrate the quality of the datasets and probe potential sources of bias. We introduce measures of ultra-rare variant burden to the variables available for researchers working on these cohorts, and show that the exome-wide burden of deleterious protein-truncating variants, S het burden, is associated with educational attainment and cognitive test scores. The whole exome sequence data from these birth cohorts (CRAM & VCF files) are available through the European Genome-Phenome Archive, and here we provide guidance for their use.

出生队列研究涉及对大量个体从出生到一生的反复调查。他们收集对广泛的生命过程研究领域有用的信息,以及可用于从越来越多的基因组技术收集中获得数据的生物样本。这种丰富的纵向数据来源与基因组数据相结合,为科学界提供了从群体遗传学到跨社会科学应用的宝贵见解。在这里,我们提供了来自三个英国出生队列的质量控制的全外显子组测序数据:雅芳父母和儿童纵向研究(8436名儿童和3215名父母),千禧年队列研究(7667名儿童和6925名父母)和出生在布拉德福德(8784名儿童和2875名父母)。这一协调努力的总体目标是使全球研究界能够及时广泛地获得由此产生的高质量数据。我们描述了如何生成数据集,并在样本、变异和基因型水平上进行质量控制。然后,我们提出了一些初步的分析,以说明数据集的质量,并探讨潜在的偏差来源。我们将超罕见变异负担的测量方法引入到研究这些队列的研究人员可用的变量中,并表明有害蛋白质截断变异的外显子组范围负担(S - et负担)与受教育程度和认知测试分数有关。来自这些出生队列的整个外显子组序列数据(CRAM和VCF文件)可通过欧洲基因组-表型档案获得,在这里我们提供了使用指南。
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引用次数: 0
Daily life in the Open Biologist's second job, as a Data Curator. 开放生物学家的第二份工作--数据管理员的日常生活。
Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-12-05 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.22899.1
Livia C T Scorza, Tomasz Zieliński, Irina Kalita, Alessia Lepore, Meriem El Karoui, Andrew J Millar

Background: Data reusability is the driving force of the research data life cycle. However, implementing strategies to generate reusable data from the data creation to the sharing stages is still a significant challenge. Even when datasets supporting a study are publicly shared, the outputs are often incomplete and/or not reusable. The FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) principles were published as a general guidance to promote data reusability in research, but the practical implementation of FAIR principles in research groups is still falling behind. In biology, the lack of standard practices for a large diversity of data types, data storage and preservation issues, and the lack of familiarity among researchers are some of the main impeding factors to achieve FAIR data. Past literature describes biological curation from the perspective of data resources that aggregate data, often from publications.

Methods: Our team works alongside data-generating, experimental researchers so our perspective aligns with publication authors rather than aggregators. We detail the processes for organizing datasets for publication, showcasing practical examples from data curation to data sharing. We also recommend strategies, tools and web resources to maximize data reusability, while maintaining research productivity.

Conclusion: We propose a simple approach to address research data management challenges for experimentalists, designed to promote FAIR data sharing. This strategy not only simplifies data management, but also enhances data visibility, recognition and impact, ultimately benefiting the entire scientific community.

背景:数据可重用性是科研数据生命周期的驱动力。然而,从数据创建到共享阶段,实施策略以生成可重复使用的数据仍是一项重大挑战。即使公开共享了支持研究的数据集,其输出结果往往也是不完整和/或不可重用的。FAIR(可查找、可访问、可互操作、可重用)原则作为促进研究中数据可重用性的总体指导发布,但在研究小组中实际执行 FAIR 原则的工作仍然落后。在生物学领域,缺乏针对多种数据类型的标准实践、数据存储和保存问题,以及研究人员之间缺乏熟悉程度,是阻碍实现 FAIR 数据的一些主要因素。过去的文献从数据资源的角度描述了生物策展,这些数据资源通常来自出版物:我们的团队与产生数据的实验研究人员一起工作,因此我们的视角与出版物作者而非聚合者一致。我们详细介绍了为出版而组织数据集的过程,展示了从数据整理到数据共享的实际案例。我们还推荐了一些策略、工具和网络资源,以最大限度地提高数据的可重用性,同时保持研究效率:我们提出了一种简单的方法来应对实验人员在研究数据管理方面遇到的挑战,旨在促进公平合理的数据共享。这一策略不仅简化了数据管理,还提高了数据的可见度、认可度和影响力,最终惠及整个科学界。
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引用次数: 0
Public views of coronavirus science and scientists: findings from a cross-sectional survey. 公众对冠状病毒科学和科学家的看法:一项横断面调查的结果
Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-12-05 eCollection Date: 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16780.1
Rachael Gooberman-Hill, Michelle L Taylor, Ulrika Maude, Lucy Yardley, Richard Huxtable, Jo Stubbs, Tim J Peters

Background: Throughout the coronavirus pandemic, references to scientific findings have permeated public-facing communications. Understanding how members of the public view science, scientists and scientific uncertainty should enhance approaches to communication and individuals' decisions to engage with public health measures, including restrictions and vaccination programmes. This article provides descriptive statistics regarding public views and their univariable associations with key variables: age, gender, ethnicity, keyworker status, shielding status, caring responsibilities, and coronavirus exposure.

Methods: A survey was conducted on our behalf by YouGov in November 2020. The survey asked about: level of public trust in scientists and scientific information; changes in trust between March and November 2020; views about communication of scientific uncertainty; confidence in the accuracy of scientific findings; and views about whether public information accurately represents coronavirus science.

Results: The sample comprised 2,025 individuals in England; 40.5% were ≥55 years old, 51.1% were female; 12.3% identified as members of an ethnic minority/mixed ethnicity. Trust was highest among older respondents and those who identified as of white ethnicity. The concurrent (November 2020) levels of reported trust in scientific information about coronavirus were generally lower than those reported retrospectively for the pandemic's start (March 2020). There was higher trust and positivity about science among people who had been shielding and among those who had not contracted coronavirus. Around half of respondents did not think that the uncertainty in science was conveyed much or at all, most were confident in the accuracy of coronavirus science, and around half thought that public information was a true representation of the science.

Conclusions: Our study indicates that there is room to improve trust and communication in science. As well as multivariable analyses to explore interrelationships, further research could examine reasons behind change in trust over time and any patterns due to age, ethnicity, and shielding status.

背景:在整个冠状病毒大流行期间,对科学发现的提及渗透到了面向公众的交流中。了解公众如何看待科学、科学家和科学不确定性,应加强沟通方法,并加强个人参与公共卫生措施的决定,包括限制和疫苗接种计划。方法:YouGov于2020年11月代表我们进行了一项调查。调查询问了以下问题:公众对科学家和科学信息的信任程度;2020年3月至11月之间的信托变化;关于科学不确定性传播的观点;对科学发现准确性的信心;以及关于公共信息是否准确反映冠状病毒科学的观点。结果:样本包括2025名居住在英格兰的人;40.5%的人年龄≥55岁,51.1%的人是女性,12.3%的人属于少数民族/混合民族。在这里,我们提供了六个关键变量的描述性统计数据:年龄、性别、种族、关键员工状态、屏蔽状态和冠状病毒暴露。年龄较大的受访者和白人受访者的信任度最高。同时(2020年11月)报告的对冠状病毒科学信息的信任水平通常低于疫情开始时(2020年3月)的回顾性报告。一直在屏蔽的人和没有感染冠状病毒的人对科学的信任和积极性更高。大约一半的受访者认为科学的不确定性没有得到太多或根本没有传达,大多数人对冠状病毒科学的准确性充满信心,大约一半的人认为公共信息是科学的真实代表。结论:我们的研究表明,在科学领域有提高信任和沟通的空间。除了对相互关系进行详细分析外,进一步的研究还可以根据年龄、种族和屏蔽状态来研究信任随时间变化的原因以及任何持续的模式。
{"title":"Public views of coronavirus science and scientists: findings from a cross-sectional survey.","authors":"Rachael Gooberman-Hill, Michelle L Taylor, Ulrika Maude, Lucy Yardley, Richard Huxtable, Jo Stubbs, Tim J Peters","doi":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16780.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16780.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Throughout the coronavirus pandemic, references to scientific findings have permeated public-facing communications. Understanding how members of the public view science, scientists and scientific uncertainty should enhance approaches to communication and individuals' decisions to engage with public health measures, including restrictions and vaccination programmes. This article provides descriptive statistics regarding public views and their univariable associations with key variables: age, gender, ethnicity, keyworker status, shielding status, caring responsibilities, and coronavirus exposure.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A survey was conducted on our behalf by YouGov in November 2020. The survey asked about: level of public trust in scientists and scientific information; changes in trust between March and November 2020; views about communication of scientific uncertainty; confidence in the accuracy of scientific findings; and views about whether public information accurately represents coronavirus science.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sample comprised 2,025 individuals in England; 40.5% were ≥55 years old, 51.1% were female; 12.3% identified as members of an ethnic minority/mixed ethnicity. Trust was highest among older respondents and those who identified as of white ethnicity. The concurrent (November 2020) levels of reported trust in scientific information about coronavirus were generally lower than those reported retrospectively for the pandemic's start (March 2020). There was higher trust and positivity about science among people who had been shielding and among those who had not contracted coronavirus. Around half of respondents did not think that the uncertainty in science was conveyed much or at all, most were confident in the accuracy of coronavirus science, and around half thought that public information was a true representation of the science.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study indicates that there is room to improve trust and communication in science. As well as multivariable analyses to explore interrelationships, further research could examine reasons behind change in trust over time and any patterns due to age, ethnicity, and shielding status.</p>","PeriodicalId":23677,"journal":{"name":"Wellcome Open Research","volume":" ","pages":"166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11635929/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45385552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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