Waste management最新文献_第10页

Geoelectrical imaging and cluster analysis for leachate mapping in a municipal solid waste landfill: A case study in Brazil 地电成像和聚类分析在城市固体垃圾填埋场的渗滤液测绘：在巴西的一个案例研究

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2025-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2025.115289

Mariana Barbosa Juarez , Heraldo Luiz Giacheti , Ana Paula do Nascimento , Marina Fernandes Sanches Barros , Vagner Roberto Elis , Giulliana Mondelli

Landfill stability and environmental protection are critical issues in municipal solid waste (MSW) management, especially in tropical countries, where warm and humid conditions can accelerate leachate and gas production. This paper investigated a landfill in Brazil that operated for 24 years (1993–2016), with over 30 % of the MSW consisting of organic matter. Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and time-domain induced polarization (IP) surveys were performed along two survey lines for mapping leachate distribution. The results were analyzed using unsupervised machine learning, visualization tools, and descriptive statistics in the R programming language. Standard penetration tests (SPT) were conducted to validate cluster analysis. A comparison of ERT and IP profiles obtained 20 years apart suggested significant leachate presence and varying degradation rates within the waste body, even years after waste disposal activities had ceased. Geoelectrical data were grouped into seven clusters, which were interpreted based on material type (soil and MSW), degree of saturation (partially and fully saturated waste), and organic matter content (from dry to biogeochemically active zones). The SPT tests confirmed complex fluid distribution by revealing leachate ejection and gas emissions at specific regions of the landfill showing low resistivity (below 10 Ωm) and moderate to high chargeability (from 5 to 60 mV/V) and normalized chargeability (from 1 to 7 mS/m). The findings demonstrated the effectiveness of geophysical imaging techniques for site monitoring and highlighted the potential for energy recovery from old MSW.

垃圾填埋场的稳定性和环境保护是城市固体废物管理的关键问题，特别是在热带国家，温暖潮湿的环境会加速渗滤液和气体的产生。本文调查了巴西一个运行了24年（1993-2016）的垃圾填埋场，其中超过30%的生活垃圾由有机物组成。采用电阻率层析成像（ERT）和时域诱导极化（IP）两种测量方法绘制渗滤液分布。使用无监督机器学习、可视化工具和R编程语言中的描述性统计分析结果。进行标准渗透测试（SPT）来验证聚类分析。对相隔20年的ERT和IP资料进行的比较表明，即使在废物处理活动停止数年后，废物体内仍存在大量渗滤液和不同的降解率。地电数据被分成7个簇，根据物质类型（土壤和城市生活垃圾）、饱和度（部分和完全饱和的废物）和有机质含量（从干燥到生物地球化学活跃带）进行解释。SPT测试通过揭示垃圾填埋场特定区域的渗滤液喷射和气体排放，证实了复杂的流体分布，显示出低电阻率（低于10 Ωm）、中高电荷率（从5到60 mV/V）和标准化电荷率（从1到7 mS/m）。研究结果显示地球物理成像技术在监测场地方面的有效性，并突出了从旧都市固体废物中回收能量的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

A review of the cast stone formulation for nuclear waste immobilization 核废料固定化用铸石配方研究进展

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2025-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2025.115277

R. Matthew Asmussen , Gemma G. Clark , Jacob Anderson , Agathe Bourchy , Jacqueline Ferrer , Christopher Hossack , Jonathan Lapeyre , Miroslava Peterson , Suraj A. Rahmon , Joelle T. Reiser , Brian J. Riley , Sarah A. Saslow , Chinthaka Silva

This review aims to collate the properties of the Cast Stone cementitious waste form, a specific ternary blend of blast furnace slag (BFS, 47 wt%), fly ash (FA, 45 wt%) and ordinary Portland cement (OPC, 8 wt%). This mixture has been studied as a candidate for use in nuclear waste immobilization at the U.S. Department of Energy Hanford Site over the last 20 years. The blend has been tested for immobilizing liquid waste (including pre-treated waste, low-activity waste and mixed low-level wastes), immobilizing secondary wastes generated from vitrification, and encapsulating solid waste. As new formulations are developed at Hanford and around the world, this review provides the current state of knowledge on one of the most studied formulations for waste immobilization in the U.S. This review focuses solely on the 47/45/8 BFS/FA/OPC Cast Stone formulation and does not include the relatively close saltstone formulation nor construction “cast stone”. This report summarizes the fresh and cured properties of Cast Stone, the impact of varying water-binder ratio and waste chemistries, spectroscopic material characterizations, and field testing and modeling efforts specific to Cast Stone’s long-term performance. Relationships between the existing datasets and waste form properties are identified and discussed. From the data available, Cast Stone can provide consistent material properties that meet the disposal requirements or waste acceptance criteria of generic disposal sites, but is not yet employed for waste immobilization in practice.

这篇综述的目的是整理铸石胶凝废物的性质，一个特定的高炉矿渣（BFS, 47 wt%），粉煤灰（FA, 45 wt%）和普通硅酸盐水泥（OPC, 8 wt%）的三元共混物。在过去的20年里，美国能源部汉福德基地一直在研究这种混合物作为核废料固定化的候选材料。该混合物已被测试用于固定化液体废物（包括预处理废物、低活性废物和混合低活性废物）、固定化玻璃化产生的二次废物和封装固体废物。随着新配方在汉福德和世界各地的开发，本综述提供了美国研究最多的废物固定化配方之一的当前知识状况。本综述仅关注47/45/8 BFS/FA/OPC铸石配方，不包括相对接近的盐岩配方或建筑“铸石”。本报告总结了Cast Stone的新鲜和固化性能，不同水胶比和废物化学成分的影响，光谱材料特性，以及针对Cast Stone长期性能的现场测试和建模工作。确定并讨论了现有数据集与废弃表单属性之间的关系。从现有的数据来看，铸石可以提供一致的材料性能，满足一般处置场地的处置要求或废物接受标准，但在实践中尚未用于废物固定。

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引用次数: 0

Fast pyrolysis of waste textiles: Product distribution, formation of hazardous by-products, and resource recovery pathways 废纺织品的快速热解：产品分布、有害副产物的形成和资源回收途径

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2025.115293

Qindong Chen , Xiyao Zhao , Ning Wang , Huanan Wu , Qiyong Xu

Textile consumption has been continuously increasing, posing significant challenges for waste management and disposal. Pyrolysis offers significant potential for recovering resources from non-degradable textiles (e.g., polyester). However, comprehensive studies on product distribution and the release of hazardous components across diverse textile types remain limited, which restricts the development of high-value resource recovery strategies and leads to potential environmental and health risks. This study systematically investigated the fast pyrolysis (550 °C) characteristics of five pure textiles—cotton (C), wool (W), nylon (N), polyester (T), rayon (R)—and one mixed textile (MT). The results revealed distinct product profiles for different textile types. Cotton-derived bio-oil exhibited high content (83.61 %) of light hydrocarbons (<C10), making it suitable for use as liquid fuel after simple acid removal. Wool pyrolysis generated complex bio-oil requiring secondary cracking. Synthetic fabrics (N, T, R) produced bio-oils with substantial corrosive carboxylic acids (e.g., benzoic acid), necessitating esterification pretreatment for fuel use. MT pyrolysis yielded nitrogen-rich bio-oil (74.77 % N-compounds) containing 37.35 % caprolactam, highlighting its value as a chemical feedstock but requiring carbon black separation from the particulate matter (PM). PM analysis identified viscosity-driven formation in cotton and tar/soot dominance in synthetics. This study provides critical insights into tailoring pyrolysis protocols to specific textile wastes, thereby advancing sustainable resource recovery while mitigating corrosion and pollution risks associated with hazardous by-products.

纺织品消费量持续增长，对废物管理和处置提出了重大挑战。热解为从不可降解的纺织品（如聚酯）中回收资源提供了巨大的潜力。然而，对不同类型纺织品的产品分布和有害成分释放的综合研究仍然有限，这限制了高价值资源回收战略的发展，并导致潜在的环境和健康风险。本研究系统地研究了棉(C)、羊毛(W)、尼龙(N)、涤纶(T)、人造丝(R)五种纯纺织品和一种混纺纺织品（MT）的快速热解（550℃）特性。结果表明，不同类型的纺织品具有不同的产品特征。棉源生物油轻烃（<C10）含量高（83.61%），经简单酸脱后可作为液体燃料使用。羊毛热解产生复杂的生物油，需要二次裂解。合成织物（N， T， R）生产的生物油含有大量腐蚀性羧酸（如苯甲酸），需要酯化预处理用于燃料使用。MT热解产生的富氮生物油（74.77%的n化合物）含有37.35%的己内酰胺，突出了其作为化学原料的价值，但需要从颗粒物（PM）中分离炭黑。PM分析确定了棉花中的粘度驱动地层和合成纤维中的焦油/煤烟主导地层。该研究为针对特定纺织废物定制热解方案提供了重要见解，从而促进可持续资源回收，同时减轻与有害副产品相关的腐蚀和污染风险。

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引用次数: 0

Enhancing the circular economy of lithium-ion batteries: a data-driven optimisation of leaching efficiency using kernel ridge regression 加强锂离子电池的循环经济：利用核脊回归对浸出效率进行数据驱动的优化

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2025.115286

Monika Wilamowska-Zawłocka , Stefan Heinen , Muhammad Sadeghzadeh , Balanand Santhosh , Gifty Sara Rolly , Justyna Łuczak , Gurdial Blugan

The increasing demand for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and the consequential accumulation of waste from these batteries necessitate its appropriate disposal and recycling. This is important in order to responsibly address the environmental concerns and the shortage of critical metals such as lithium, nickel, cobalt, and manganese. The present study employs glycine, an environmentally friendly amino acid, as a leaching agent along with ascorbic acid, as a reducing agent, to recover valuable metals from spent LIB cathodes. The present study investigates the effect of time, temperature, pulp density, and reactant concentrations on the leaching process. Hydrothermal method integrated with machine learning (ML) approach reduced the number of experiments to reach the optimal leaching conditions. The study reports that at 2 mol/L glycine, 0.04 mol/L ascorbic acid, 75 °C temperature, 20 g/L pulp density, and 90 min reaction time, the leaching efficiency extends 91.0 %, 99.9 %, 92.3 % and 96.6 % of Ni, Mn, Co and Li, respectively. Additionally, glycine exhibits low leaching efficiency of Al, therefore, high purity aluminium can be recovered from the process.

对锂离子电池（LIBs）的需求不断增加，这些电池产生的废物也随之积累，因此需要对其进行适当的处理和回收。为了负责任地解决环境问题和锂、镍、钴和锰等关键金属的短缺，这一点很重要。本研究采用环境友好型氨基酸甘氨酸作为浸出剂，抗坏血酸作为还原剂，从废旧锂离子电池阴极中回收有价金属。本研究考察了时间、温度、矿浆密度和反应物浓度对浸出过程的影响。水热法与机器学习方法相结合，减少了实验次数，达到了最佳浸出条件。研究表明，在甘氨酸2 mol/L、抗坏血酸0.04 mol/L、温度75℃、矿浆密度20 g/L、反应时间90 min的条件下，Ni、Mn、Co和Li的浸出率分别提高了91.0%、99.9%、92.3%和96.6%。此外，甘氨酸对铝的浸出效率较低，因此可以从该工艺中回收高纯铝。

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引用次数: 0

Efficient segmentation and annotation of construction and demolition waste: spatially aware adapters in large vision foundation models 建筑与拆迁垃圾的高效分割与标注：大视觉基础模型中的空间感知适配器

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2025.115276

Birat Gautam , Saeed Reza Mohandes , Mehrdad Arashpour

Effective valorization of construction and demolition waste (CDW) is vital for sustainable development, yet current sorting methods remain labour-intensive and inefficient. Despite progress in computer vision, large vision foundation models (LVFMs) exhibit limitations in class-specific segmentation for dynamic waste streams, while their fine-tuning demands significant computational resources. Moreover, efficient annotation of diverse waste classes remains underdeveloped, necessitating a heavy reliance on resource-intensive manual annotation for all model development. To tackle this problem, this study proposes an innovative solution by enhancing LVFMs with spatially aware adapter architectures to enable precise class-specific segmentation and introducing a semi-automated annotation pipeline leveraging few-shot learning. Experiments on an extended dataset, including underrepresented classes like rubber and lights, reveal that our approach achieves an average Intersection over Union (IoU) of 0.744 in fully supervised settings, surpassing baseline adapters by 4.5%. In few-shot scenarios, it attains an IoU of 0.770 for the unseen ‘lights’ class using only 20 training images. The annotation pipeline produces high-quality masks with an average IoU of 0.883, which is comparable to manual annotation performance but substantially less time-consuming. This study contributes to sustainable CDW valorization by introducing a scalable, resource-efficient framework that enhances class-specific segmentation and streamlines annotation, achieving high accuracy in both supervised and few-shot settings.

建筑和拆迁垃圾的有效分类对可持续发展至关重要，但目前的分类方法仍然是劳动密集型和低效的。尽管在计算机视觉方面取得了进步，但大型视觉基础模型（LVFMs）在针对动态废物流的特定类别分割方面存在局限性，而它们的微调需要大量的计算资源。此外，各种废物类别的有效注释仍然不发达，需要对所有模型开发严重依赖资源密集型的手动注释。为了解决这个问题，本研究提出了一种创新的解决方案，通过空间感知适配器架构增强LVFMs，以实现精确的特定类别分割，并引入利用少量学习的半自动注释管道。在扩展数据集（包括橡胶和灯等代表性不足的类）上的实验表明，我们的方法在完全监督设置下实现了0.744的平均交汇（IoU），比基线适配器高出4.5%。在少量拍摄场景中，仅使用20张训练图像，它就可以获得0.770的IoU，用于看不见的“灯光”类。注释管道生成高质量的掩码，平均IoU为0.883，与手动注释性能相当，但大大节省了时间。本研究通过引入一个可扩展的、资源高效的框架来促进可持续的CDW增值，该框架增强了特定类别的分割和简化了注释，在监督和少数镜头设置下都实现了高精度。

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引用次数: 0

Environmental sustainability assessment processes for flat panel displays dismantling 平板显示器拆卸的环境可持续性评估程序

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2025.115284

Alessandro Becci , Francesca Beolchini , Davide Labolani , Alessia Amato

The growing quantity of flat panel displays (FPDs) on the market, combined with rising raw material demand, makes the sustainable management of resulting waste a hot topic. Despite of research often describes innovations in recycling, it often neglects the pre-treatment step. However, it represents a key aspect for the success of the further recovery of valuable fractions, since it affects the integrity of materials, the possible presence of impurities and hazardous substances, but also the sustainability of the whole recycling chain. In this regard, the present paper assesses the sustainability of two options implemented at real scale: a more traditional crushing (followed by magnetic separation) and an innovative solution which combines manual and robotic dismantling, resulting in the separation of high-quality fractions. The analysis, carried out by a life cycle approach, proves the high potential of the innovation from an environmental point of view with emission savings reaching up to 90% in key categories (e.g. climate change). The benefit, confirmed irrespective of the supplied energy mix and the classification of waste resulting from crushing (hazardous or not hazardous), is further highlighted by the possibility to separate high-value fractions, mainly printed circuit boards of three different qualities, based on their valuable metal content. The results represent an important driver towards the implementation of sustainable choices in the field of FPD recycling.

随着市场上平板显示器（fpd）数量的不断增长，加上原材料需求的不断增长，使得对由此产生的废物的可持续管理成为一个热门话题。尽管研究经常描述回收方面的创新，但往往忽略了预处理步骤。然而，它代表了有价值的馏分进一步回收成功的一个关键方面，因为它影响材料的完整性，杂质和有害物质的可能存在，以及整个回收链的可持续性。在这方面，本文评估了在实际规模上实施的两种选择的可持续性：一种更传统的破碎（随后是磁分离）和一种结合人工和机器人拆卸的创新解决方案，从而分离出高质量的分数。通过生命周期方法进行的分析，从环境的角度证明了创新的巨大潜力，在关键类别（例如气候变化）中减排高达90%。无论所提供的能源组合和破碎产生的废物分类（危险或无害）如何，这种好处都得到证实，进一步突出的是，可以根据其有价值的金属含量分离高价值的部分，主要是三种不同质量的印刷电路板。研究结果代表了在FPD回收领域实施可持续选择的重要驱动力。

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引用次数: 0

Numerical modeling of settlement and gas generation in biodegrading municipal solid waste: a systematic review for sanitary landfill applications 城市生活垃圾生物降解过程中沉降和产气的数值模拟：卫生填埋场应用的系统综述。

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2025.115285

Caio Henrique Buranello dos Santos , Sandro Lemos Machado , Michael Andrade Maedo , Roger Augusto Rodrigues

The short- and long-term behavior of municipal solid waste (MSW) in sanitary landfills is governed by coupled hydraulic, mechanical, thermal, and biochemical processes. Among these, settlement due to biodegradation and landfill gas (LFG) generation are critical for assessing structural stability, environmental safety, and energy recovery during both operation and post-closure. Following the guidelines established by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) in 2020, this study systematically reviews numerical models implemented in computational frameworks to simulate settlement and/or gas generation in biodegrading MSW. A structured search in the Scopus database covered peer-reviewed journal articles and conference papers published between 2000 and May 2025. The reviewed works address different combinations of coupled processes, mainly implemented using finite element or finite difference formulations. While one-dimensional domains remain common, nearly half of the studies employed two-dimensional models. First-order kinetics is the predominant approach for representing biodegradation and its coupling to volumetric strain and gas generation, although some models incorporate more detailed biochemical processes. Earlier approaches used the secondary compression index to capture long-term MSW settlement, whereas a few recent studies implemented physically based creep models. Waste heterogeneity and its time-dependent mechanical response have been considered in some studies, although temperature effects on waste properties remain rarely implemented in computational frameworks. This review highlights critical research gaps and emphasizes the need for unified numerical frameworks capable of integrating biodegradation, multiphysical coupling, temperature effects on MSW properties, large-strain kinematics, and parameter variability to realistically simulate the evolving behavior of MSW in landfills.

城市生活垃圾（MSW）在卫生填埋场的短期和长期行为是由耦合的水力、机械、热和生化过程控制的。其中，生物降解引起的沉降和垃圾填埋气（LFG）的产生对于评估运行期间和关闭后的结构稳定性、环境安全性和能源回收至关重要。根据2020年系统评价和荟萃分析首选报告项目（PRISMA）建立的指导方针，本研究系统地回顾了在计算框架中实施的数值模型，以模拟城市生活垃圾生物降解过程中的沉降和/或气体产生。在Scopus数据库中进行结构化搜索，涵盖2000年至2025年5月期间发表的同行评议期刊文章和会议论文。所回顾的工作涉及耦合过程的不同组合，主要使用有限元或有限差分公式实现。虽然一维领域仍然很常见，但近一半的研究采用了二维模型。一级动力学是表示生物降解及其与体积应变和气体生成耦合的主要方法，尽管一些模型包含更详细的生化过程。早期的方法使用二次压缩指数来捕获长期的MSW沉降，而最近的一些研究采用了基于物理的蠕变模型。尽管在计算框架中很少实现温度对废物性质的影响，但一些研究已经考虑了废物的非均质性及其随时间变化的力学响应。这篇综述强调了关键的研究空白，并强调需要统一的数值框架，能够整合生物降解、多物理耦合、温度对生活垃圾特性的影响、大应变运动学和参数变异性，以真实地模拟垃圾填埋场中生活垃圾的演变行为。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluating hydrogen sulfide removal from municipal landfill leachate using a venturi stripping system 评价文丘里剥离系统去除城市垃圾填埋场渗滤液中的硫化氢

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2025.115288

Patrick M. D’Aoust , Pawel J. Szulc , Dwight Houweling

This study evaluates a venturi-based hydrogen sulfide stripping system (HSSS) for landfill leachate pretreatment through field testing, SUMO modeling, and cost analysis. Over 18 months of operation, the system achieved an average sulfide removal of ∼ 60.1 %, reaching up to 79 % under favorable conditions. Operation also raised leachate pH due to CO₂ stripping, altering sulfide speciation and underscoring the importance of efficient single-stage treatment. Statistical analysis identified strong positive correlation between influent sulfide and removal efficiency, negative correlations with sulfate and temperature, and rainfall-driven increases in BOD. The SUMO model significantly underestimated sulfide removal, while capturing the pH and alkalinity trends reasonably well, reflecting the complexity of leachate chemistry. Economically, the HSSS required only ∼$10,000 CAD in capital costs and minimal operational costs (<$200 CAD) annually to operate (∼$1.31 CAD / 1,000 m³), making it a highly cost-effective alternative to conventional abatement methods.

本研究通过现场测试、SUMO模型和成本分析来评估基于文丘里的硫化氢汽提系统（HSSS）对垃圾渗滤液的预处理。在18个月的运行中，该系统的平均硫化物去除率达到了60.1%，在有利条件下达到了79%。由于CO2溶出导致浸出液pH值升高，改变了硫化物形态，强调了高效单级处理的重要性。统计分析发现，进水硫化物与去除效率之间存在强烈的正相关关系，与硫酸盐和温度之间存在负相关关系，以及降雨导致的BOD增加。SUMO模型明显低估了硫化物的去除，同时很好地捕捉了pH和碱度的变化趋势，反映了渗滤液化学的复杂性。经济上，HSSS每年仅需约10,000加元的资本成本和最低的运营成本（<； 200加元）（约1.31加元/ 1,000立方米），使其成为传统减排方法的极具成本效益的替代方案。

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引用次数: 0

Advancing circular plastics: hydrotreatment of pyrolysis oils for high-yield ethylene production 推进循环塑料：用于高产乙烯生产的热解油加氢处理

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2025.115287

Anas Jamil Abdulrahman , Marvin Kusenberg , Miloš Auersvald , César Pernalete Piña , Behzad Parvizi , Mohammadhossein Havaei , Joris W. Thybaut , Kevin M. Van Geem

The mounting crisis of plastic waste, coupled with the shortcomings of mechanical recycling, underscores the urgent need for scalable chemical recycling solutions. Among these, pyrolysis followed by steam cracking emerges as a promising pathway to transform polyolefin-rich waste into virgin-grade olefins. Yet, the complex nature of pyrolysis oils has hindered their industrial use. In this study, hydrotreatment was investigated as an upgrading strategy for distilled pyrolysis oils derived from real mixed plastic waste. Two diesel-range fractions of pyrolysis oil, raw and hydrotreated, were characterized using two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC × GC) and evaluated in a bench-scale steam cracker. Hydrotreatment provided significant compositional refinement, lowering nitrogen from 1546 mg·kg⁻¹ to <10 mg·kg⁻¹, reducing olefins from 51 wt% to 8 wt%, and eliminating detectable oxygen (1776 mg·kg⁻¹ initially). These changes brought the product within industrial feedstock specifications. These improvements translated into enhanced cracking performance. The hydrotreated pyrolysis diesel blend achieved ethylene yields of up to 32 wt% at 880 °C, surpassing fossil naphtha while suppressing CO and aromatic by-products such as benzene, toluene, and xylenes (BTX). The results establish hydrotreatment as a critical enabler for converting waste-derived pyrolysis oils into cracker-ready feedstocks, supporting their integration into petrochemical infrastructure and advancing a circular economy for plastics.

日益严重的塑料废物危机，加上机械回收的缺点，迫切需要可扩展的化学回收解决方案。其中，热解加蒸汽裂解是将富含聚烯烃的废弃物转化为初等烯烃的一条很有前途的途径。然而，热解油的复杂性质阻碍了它们的工业应用。在本研究中，研究了加氢处理作为从真实混合塑料废物中提取的蒸馏热解油的升级策略。采用二维气相色谱法（GC × GC）对两种柴油馏分裂解油进行了表征，并在实验规模的蒸汽裂解装置上进行了评价。加氢处理显著改善了成分，将氮从1546 mg·kg - 1降低到10 mg·kg - 1，将烯烃从51 wt%降低到8 wt%，并消除了可检测到的氧（最初为1776 mg·kg - 1）。这些变化使产品符合工业原料规格。这些改进转化为增强的开裂性能。加氢处理的热解柴油混合物在880°C下的乙烯收率高达32 wt%，超过了化石石脑油，同时抑制了CO和芳香副产物，如苯、甲苯和二甲苯（BTX）。研究结果表明，加氢处理是将废物热解油转化为裂解原料的关键推动因素，支持其整合到石化基础设施中，并推进塑料的循环经济。

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引用次数: 0

Regulating microbial dynamics by wood-derived tannic acids addition to mitigate gaseous emissions during liquid chicken manure storage 通过添加木源单宁酸来调节微生物动力学以减少液体鸡粪储存过程中的气体排放

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2025-12-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2025.115279

Zhipeng Wu , Guoyan Zhang , Shuaixin Tian , Liwen Wang , Yiwei Dong , Yaqi Li , Hongliang Wang

Gaseous emissions (i.e., CO₂, CH₄, NH₃, N₂O) pose significant environmental pollutions during manure storage. Plant-derived tannins exhibit properties conducive to microbial modulation through protein-binding and metabolic pathway inhibition, offering potential for mitigating these emissions. This study evaluated wood-derived tannic acids as sustainable microbial modulators for the synergistic mitigation of NH₃ and greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions during liquid chicken manure storage. Four treatments were established: CK (control, no additive), CT (0.5 % condensed tannin), HT (0.5 % hydrolyzable tannin), and MIX (0.25 % CT + 0.25 % HT mixture). Results demonstrated that total nitrogen content increased by 6.74 %, 10.11 %, and 17.89 %, and organic matter content increased by 8.61 %, −0.49 %, and 3.54 % in CT, HT, and MIX treatments, respectively, compared to CK. Tannins amendments enriched Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota, Synergistota, and Ascomycota, while suppressing Firmicutes and Basidiomycota. Compared to CK, CT HT, and MIX reduced NH₃ emission by 12.94 %, 21.14 %, and 22.61 %, and mitigated 51.44 %, 4.07 %, and 31.09 % of CH₄ emission, respectively. CO₂ emissions were also significantly reduced by 32.43 %, 10.90 %, and 15.43 %, respectively. CH₄ emissions were positively correlated with Basidiomycota, Rozellomycota, temperature, and pH, and negatively correlated with Aspergillus and Talaromyces. While NH₃ emissions showed a positive correlation with Firmicutes and Bacteroidota, and a negative correlation with Corynebacterium. Overall, the application of wood-derived tannic acids, especially the mixed formulation, demonstrates significant potential for mitigating gaseous emissions and improving nutrient conservation during liquid chicken manure storage. These findings present wood-derived tannic acid as a promising, natural additive for sustainable manure management, capable of synergistically reducing multiple environmental pollutants.

在粪便储存过程中，气体排放（即CO2、CH4、NH3、N2O）会造成严重的环境污染。植物来源的单宁表现出有利于通过蛋白质结合和代谢途径抑制微生物调节的特性，提供了减少这些排放的潜力。本研究评估了木源单宁酸作为可持续微生物调节剂，在液体鸡粪储存过程中协同减缓NH3和温室气体（ghg）排放。建立了4个处理：CK（对照，无添加剂）、CT（0.5%浓缩单宁）、HT（0.5%水解单宁）和MIX （0.25% CT + 0.25% HT混合物）。结果表明，与对照相比，CT、HT和MIX处理的总氮含量分别提高了6.74%、10.11%和17.89%，有机质含量分别提高了8.61%、- 0.49%和3.54%。单宁改进剂使变形菌门、放线菌门、增效菌门和子囊菌门富集，同时抑制厚壁菌门和担子菌门。与对照相比，CT、HT和MIX分别减少了12.94%、21.14%和22.61%的NH3排放量，减少了51.44%、4.07%和31.09%的CH4排放量。二氧化碳排放量也显著减少，分别为32.43%、10.90%和15.43%。CH4排放量与担子菌、罗泽菌、温度和pH呈正相关，与曲霉菌和Talaromyces呈负相关。NH3排放量与厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门呈正相关，与棒状杆菌呈负相关。总的来说，木材衍生单宁酸的应用，特别是混合配方，在减少气体排放和改善液体鸡粪储存期间的营养保护方面显示出巨大的潜力。这些发现表明，木材衍生的单宁酸是一种很有前途的天然添加剂，可用于可持续的粪肥管理，能够协同减少多种环境污染物。

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