Waste management最新文献_第6页

Role of typical amino acids on structural evolution of hydrochar and nitrogen transformation mechanisms during hydrothermal carbonization of kitchen waste 餐厨垃圾水热炭化过程中典型氨基酸对碳氢化合物结构演化的作用及氮转化机理

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2026.115331

Can Zhao , Yudong Nie , Junjie Ai , Ju Ran , Qian Shen

The involvement of specific amino acids will inevitably alter the pathways for the transformation of kitchen waste (KW) components during the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) process. In this study, the evolution of hydrochar structure and nitrogen transformation mechanisms was systematically elucidated for the first time at the amino acid level during the HTC of KW. The results showed that glutamic acid promoted the formation of non-condensable gases, resulting in hydrochar with the loosest pore structure. The hydrolysis products of histidine (particularly the imidazole ring) polymerized with aromatic heterocycles to form stable secondary char, achieving maximum yield (55.40 %) and nitrogen retention rate (65.43 %). Phenylalanine hydrolysates (phenethylamine, styrene) facilitated the dissolution of weakly polar organics from KW and further generated amorphous solids through hydrophobic interactions with long-chain amides and indoles. This led to the hydrochar with the lowest yield (8.77 %) and surface area (0.00 m² g⁻¹). Furthermore, hydrochar washed with dichloromethane exhibited an improved pore structure but showed reduced practical utilization potential due to its diminished yield (0.28 %), compromised nitrogen retention rate (0.14 %) and decreased defect concentration (indicated by an I_D/I_G ratio as low as 1.83). This research provided novel insights into the tailored synthesis of nitrogen-doped carbon materials from complex biowaste.

在水热碳化（HTC）过程中，特定氨基酸的参与将不可避免地改变厨余（KW）组分转化的途径。本研究首次在氨基酸水平上系统阐明了KW - HTC过程中烃类结构的演化和氮转化机理。结果表明，谷氨酸促进了不凝性气体的形成，使得烃类具有最疏松的孔隙结构。组氨酸水解产物（尤其是咪唑环）与芳香杂环聚合形成稳定的仲炭，产率最高（55.40%），氮保留率最高（65.43%）。苯丙氨酸水解物（苯乙胺，苯乙烯）促进了弱极性有机物的溶解，并通过与长链酰胺和吲哚的疏水相互作用进一步生成无定形固体。这使得该产物的产率最低（8.77%），比表面积最低（0.00 m2 g−1）。此外，经二氯甲烷洗涤的碳氢化合物孔隙结构得到改善，但由于产率降低（0.28%）、氮保留率降低（0.14%）和缺陷浓度降低（ID/IG比低至1.83），其实际利用潜力降低。这项研究为从复杂的生物废物中定制合成氮掺杂碳材料提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Air-sea exchange and coastal transport dynamics of microplastics around a Caribbean Island 加勒比海岛屿周围微塑料的海气交换和沿海运输动力学

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2026.115345

Salvador Reynoso-Cruces , Carlos Edo , Roberto Rosal , Luis Ladino , Harry Alvarez-Ospina

Air-sea exchange represents a key yet insufficiently quantified pathway for microplastic (MP) transport, particularly in island environments where oceanic exposure and atmospheric forcing interact. In this work, we aimed to quantify the distribution and polymer composition of MP in both the atmosphere and seawater around a Caribbean island while simultaneously evaluating their transport pathways through Lagrangian drift modeling. MP distribution, polymer composition, and transport dynamics were examined through coordinated atmospheric and surface-water sampling, micro-FTIR analysis, chemometric discrimination, and Lagrangian drift modeling (OpenDrift). Polyethylene (PE) dominated airborne MP (34 %), while polyester (PES) prevailed in seawater (54 %), indicating selective partitioning driven by density, morphology, and surface chemistry. Morning airborne concentrations were 37 % higher than afternoon values, consistent with sea-breeze circulation patterns. Seawater MP concentrations increased from 5 MP L⁻¹ to 35 MP L⁻¹ toward the continental shelf, a spatial gradient reproduced by drift simulations showing > 40 % nearshore retention within 24 h and rapid northward export via the Yucatán Current. By integrating polymer-specific characterization with physical transport modeling, the present study provides mechanistic insight into how intrinsic material properties and local hydrodynamics jointly determine MP fate in tropical island systems, offering a framework for targeted monitoring and mitigation in coastal environments.

海气交换是微塑料（MP）运输的关键途径，但量化不足，特别是在海洋暴露和大气强迫相互作用的岛屿环境中。在这项工作中，我们旨在量化加勒比海岛屿周围大气和海水中MP的分布和聚合物组成，同时通过拉格朗日漂移模型评估它们的运输途径。通过协调大气和地表水采样、微红外分析、化学计量鉴别和拉格朗日漂移模型（OpenDrift），研究了MP分布、聚合物组成和输运动力学。聚乙烯（PE）在空气中占主导地位（34%），而聚酯（PES）在海水中占主导地位（54%），这表明由密度、形态和表面化学驱动的选择性分配。上午空气中的浓度比下午高37%，与海风环流模式一致。向大陆架方向的海水MP浓度从5mp L−1增加到35mp L−1，漂移模拟再现了一个空间梯度，显示24小时内近岸滞留40%，并通过Yucatán洋流快速向北输出。通过将聚合物特异性表征与物理输运建模相结合，本研究提供了对热带岛屿系统中固有材料特性和局部流体动力学如何共同决定MP命运的机制见解，为沿海环境中有针对性的监测和缓解提供了框架。

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引用次数: 0

Extensive study on biogas trace compounds from agricultural and municipal biomass residues for downstream catalytic conversion 广泛研究从农业和城市生物质残留物中提取的沼气微量化合物用于下游催化转化。

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2025.115330

Selina Nieß , Mathias Stur , Ute Mikow , Marcel Pohl , Marco Klemm

This study used quantitative biogas measurements from four full-scale biogas plants to determine which trace components can be expected in biogas from biogenic agricultural or municipal residues. The objective was to identify trace compounds that could damage the catalyst when biogas is used as a feedstock for a catalytic conversion. Knowing the exact composition of the biogas, including for example all sulfur-containing molecules, is therefore essential for the process’s operational expenditures (OPEX). The results of this investigation add to a database of fully measured biogases and can be used to select suitable biogas purification steps. Trace compounds found in all measured biogas samples were ethanol, acetone, toluene, alpha-pinene and 3–methylfuran. However, biogases from different substrates contain distinctive trace components. The biogas from organic waste shows the highest amount of S-containing molecules (up to 14.7 ppm in total), while the biogas from wastewater sludge shows higher amounts of siloxanes (50 mg m^–3STP) and the biogases from agricultural waste contain oxygenates like acetone and 2-butanone. Measurements taken at various points along the process chain indicate that activated carbon is sufficient for removing most of the trace components from biogas. However, it was observed in one plant that the activated carbon must be replaced before it reaches its adsorption limit to avoid the desorption of volatile organic compounds. Biogas or the biogenic CO₂ are well-suited to be used in downstream processes, but analytical monitoring of the biogas composition and a suitable connection between plant and downstream process are required.

本研究使用了四个全规模沼气厂的定量沼气测量，以确定哪些微量成分可以在生物源农业或城市残留物的沼气中预期。目的是确定当沼气被用作催化转化的原料时可能破坏催化剂的微量化合物。因此，了解沼气的确切组成，包括例如所有含硫分子，对于该工艺的运营支出（OPEX）至关重要。这项调查的结果增加了一个充分测量的沼气数据库，可以用来选择合适的沼气净化步骤。在所有测量的沼气样品中发现的微量化合物是乙醇、丙酮、甲苯、α -蒎烯和3-甲基呋喃。然而，来自不同基质的沼气含有不同的微量成分。有机废物产生的沼气中含s分子的含量最高（总含量高达14.7ppm），而废水污泥产生的沼气中含硅氧烷的含量较高（50 mg m-3STP），农业废物产生的沼气中含有丙酮和2-丁酮等含氧化合物。在工艺链的各个点进行的测量表明，活性炭足以从沼气中去除大部分微量成分。然而，在一个工厂中观察到，为了避免挥发性有机物的解吸，必须在活性炭达到吸附极限之前更换活性炭。沼气或生物源CO2非常适合用于下游工艺，但需要对沼气成分进行分析监测，并在工厂和下游工艺之间建立适当的联系。

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引用次数: 0

Selective lithium Pre-Leaching from spent NMC black mass via pyrolysis (Carbothermal thermal Treatment) and controlled leaching 通过热解（碳热热处理）和控制浸出从废NMC黑团中选择性预浸出锂。

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2026.115339

Amir Hossein Mohammad Zadeh , Spencer Cunnigham , Devon Gray , Sevan Bedrossian , Baian Almusned , Jeffrey Daniel Henderson , Gisele Azimi

The rapid expansion of lithium-ion battery usage has intensified the need for efficient and economically viable recycling processes capable of selectively recovering lithium from spent cathode materials. Here, we develop and mechanistically evaluate a simplified, reductant-free pyrolysis–leaching route for lithium pre-extraction from NMC-type black mass. Carbothermal reduction (pyrolysis) was conducted at 550–630 °C for 60 min under nitrogen using only the inherent carbon content of the black mass as the reducing agent. Comprehensive characterization, including XRD, Raman spectroscopy, SEM-EDX, ToF-SIMS, and TC/TOC, revealed that carbothermal reduction induces a sequence of phase transformations: (i) decomposition of PVDF and organics to form reactive pyrolytic carbon; (ii) collapse of the NMC layered structure; (iii) carbothermal reduction of Ni and Co oxides; and (iv) formation of water-leachable Li₂CO₃/Li₂O. These modifications increase lithium accessibility while stabilizing transition metals as Ni⁰, Co⁰/CoO, and MnO, enabling selective lithium dissolution at near-neutral pH. Leaching experiments showed that untreated black mass achieves only 21 % Li recovery at pH around 7, whereas pyrolyzed material yields ∼ 63 % Li recovery at the same pH, with < 1–6 % dissolution of Ni, Co, and Mn. This high selectivity eliminates the need for strong acids, reduces impurity load, and preserves transition-metal phases for downstream hydrometallurgical or regeneration processes. A technoeconomic comparison with two representative literature routes demonstrates that the proposed process offers the lowest energy consumption, reagent use, and purification burden, owing to its low-temperature operation, reductant-free design, and minimal chemical inputs.

锂离子电池使用的迅速扩大，加强了对高效、经济可行的回收工艺的需求，这种工艺能够选择性地从废阴极材料中回收锂。在这里，我们开发了一种简化的、无还原剂的热解浸出工艺，用于从nmc型黑色物质中预提取锂。在氮气条件下，仅以炭黑的固有含碳量为还原剂，在550-630℃下进行碳热还原（热解）60 min。XRD、拉曼光谱、SEM-EDX、ToF-SIMS和TC/TOC等综合表征表明，碳热还原诱导了一系列相变：(1)PVDF和有机物分解生成反应性热解碳；（ii） NMC层状结构的崩塌；（iii） Ni和Co氧化物的碳热还原；（iv）形成可水浸Li2CO3/Li2O。这些修饰增加了锂的可及性，同时稳定了Ni⁰、Co⁰/CoO和MnO等过渡金属，在接近中性的pH下实现了锂的选择性溶解。浸出实验表明，未经处理的黑色物质在pH约为7时只能获得21%的锂回收率，而在相同的pH下，热解材料的锂回收率为63%

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引用次数: 0

Closed-loop recycling of waste ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene via inducing melt fracture coupled with solid-state shear milling 诱导熔体断裂耦合固态剪切铣削的超高分子量聚乙烯废塑料闭环回收研究

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2026.115341

Kun Wang , Changlin Cao , Xiaochuan Chen , Qingrong Qian , Weiming Zhou , Songwei Yang , Qinghua Chen

Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) is a high-performance engineering thermoplastic characterized by outstanding mechanical strength, chemical stability, resistance to crack propagation, exceptional wear resistance, and extremely high melt viscosity. These attributes, while advantageous for performance, render UHMWPE highly challenging to recycle using conventional approaches. Consequently, there is an urgent demand for innovative recycling strategies that preserve, or potentially enhance, its intrinsic properties. This study introduces a mechanical recycling approach that integrates high- and low-temperature shear fields through the use of double-roll open mills and solid-state shear milling equipment. High-temperature shear stresses induce melt fracture in UHMWPE, generating structural defects, while the three-dimensional shear forces in solid-state shear milling accelerate defect initiation and propagation. This coupled shear-field process mitigates the limitations imposed by UHMWPE’s high melt viscosity and highly entangled chain architecture, thus overcoming conventional recycling barriers. Application of this method to waste UHMWPE sheets enabled effective closed-loop recycling. The recycled samples retained up to 93% of the tensile strength of the original sheets. Furthermore, the processed material exhibited irregular morphologies with micrometer-scale particle sizes and reduced thickness. Notably, molded samples derived from this process demonstrated enhanced tensile fracture strain compared with the original sheet waste. Overall, the coupled high–low temperature shear-field strategy presents a facile and promising pathway for the closed-loop recycling of UHMWPE and potentially other difficult-to-process engineering thermoplastics.

超高分子量聚乙烯（UHMWPE）是一种高性能工程热塑性塑料，具有优异的机械强度、化学稳定性、抗裂纹扩展、优异的耐磨性和极高的熔体粘度等特点。这些特性虽然有利于提高性能，但也使得UHMWPE很难用传统方法回收。因此，迫切需要创新的回收策略，以保护或潜在地增强其内在特性。本研究介绍了一种机械回收方法，通过使用双辊开磨机和固态剪切铣削设备，将高温和低温剪切场集成在一起。高温剪切应力诱发超高分子量聚乙烯熔体断裂，产生结构缺陷，而固态剪切铣削中三维剪切力加速缺陷的萌生和扩展。这种耦合剪切场过程减轻了UHMWPE高熔体粘度和高度纠缠链结构所带来的限制，从而克服了传统的回收障碍。将这种方法应用于废弃的超高分子量聚乙烯片材，实现了有效的闭环回收。回收的样品保留了原始薄片93%的抗拉强度。此外，加工后的材料形貌不规则，颗粒尺寸为微米级，厚度减小。值得注意的是，与原始板材废料相比，从该工艺中获得的模制样品显示出增强的拉伸断裂应变。总的来说，高低温耦合剪切场策略为UHMWPE和其他难以加工的工程热塑性塑料的闭环回收提供了一个简单而有前途的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Unraveling synergistic control in green Leaching: A double exponential kinetic model for efficient and sustainable indium recovery from E-waste using deep eutectic solvents 揭示绿色浸出中的协同控制：利用深度共晶溶剂从电子废物中高效和可持续地回收铟的双指数动力学模型。

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2026.115334

Runchang Su , Yadi Wang , Shujie Tang , Zhipeng Wang , Mei Zhang , Min Guo

The rapid development of the electronics industry caused an exponential increase in waste liquid crystal displays (LCDs). Waste LCDs release indium tin oxide (ITO, In₂O₃·SnO₂), which is cytotoxic and poses a significant burden on the environment. Deep eutectic solvents, characterized by their high saturated vapor pressure and tunable composition, were regarded as sustainable green solvents and could serve as efficient and environmentally friendly leaching agents for ITO. This study systematically investigated the leaching mechanism of indium tin oxide in a specific DES (oxalic acid dihydrate: choline chloride = 1:2.6). Characterization results revealed a multi-step pathway with multiple rate-controlling stages. The proposed double exponential model demonstrated exceptional performance (R² > 0.995) and stability across all conditions, effectively describing this multi-controlled process. Using this model, the effects of temperature, stirring rate, and indium tin oxide particle size were quantified. Dynamic analysis confirmed the dual control mechanism. Significantly, reducing particle size drastically lowered apparent activation energy (265 μm: 53.24 kJ·mol⁻¹ → 45 μm: 18.02 kJ·mol⁻¹), highlighting its key role in efficiency, while stirring rate had minimal impact. The model’s broad applicability was validated across diverse deep eutectic solvent leaching systems (R² > 0.98). This work pioneers the application of the double exponential kinetic model to deep eutectic solvent leaching, establishing it as a powerful tool for understanding mechanisms and optimizing processes.

随着电子工业的迅速发展，废旧液晶显示器的数量呈指数级增长。废弃lcd释放的氧化铟锡（ITO, In2O3·SnO2）具有细胞毒性，对环境造成严重负担。深共晶溶剂具有饱和蒸气压高、组分可调等特点，是一种可持续发展的绿色溶剂，可作为高效环保的ITO浸出剂。本研究系统地研究了氧化铟锡在特定的DES（草酸二水合物：氯化胆碱= 1:6 .6）中浸出的机理。表征结果揭示了一个具有多个速率控制阶段的多步骤通路。所提出的双指数模型在所有条件下都表现出优异的性能（R2 > 0.995）和稳定性，有效地描述了这一多控制过程。利用该模型，定量分析了温度、搅拌速率和氧化铟锡粒度的影响。动力学分析证实了双控制机制。减小粒径显著降低表观活化能（265 μm: 53.24 kJ·mol-1→45 μm: 18.02 kJ·mol-1），表明粒径对效率的影响显著，而搅拌速率对效率的影响最小。该模型的广泛适用性在不同的深共晶溶剂浸出系统中得到验证（R2 > 0.98）。这项工作开创了双指数动力学模型在深度共晶溶剂浸出中的应用，使其成为理解机制和优化过程的有力工具。

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引用次数: 0

Dual catalytic system using industrial solid waste and zeolite for enhanced aromatic hydrocarbon conversion from waste bamboo biomass 利用工业固体废物和沸石双催化系统增强废竹生物质芳烃转化。

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2026.115342

Jingchao Wei , Bangda Wang , Tongxiao Zhou , Fei Gong , Han Zhang , Quanwei Lv , Ziheng Jin , Shouliang Yi , Xia Jiang

The present study developed a dual-catalyst system combining typical industrial solid waste (i.e. red mud, coal fly ash, blast furnace slag, red gypsum and anode slag) and zeolite in synergistically promoting the catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) of waste bamboo biomass for aromatics production. The results demonstrated that industrial solid wastes significantly enhanced deoxygenation and decreased the oxygenated compound content by 2.60 % to 26.26 % compared to non-catalytic pyrolysis. Notably, red gypsum exhibited the most pronounced effect, increasing the content of aromatic precursors, such as hydrocarbons, by 21.82 %. In the dual-catalyst system, the red gypsum/HBeta (H-form Beta zeolite) combination (1:1 ratio) attained a total aromatics relative content of 43.58 % at 550°C, representing a 30.79 % improvement over single HBeta. Moreover, the contents of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (MAHs) and benzene-toluene-xylenes (BTX) increased by 37.27 % and 49.29 %, respectively. The improved aromatics content was primarily attributed to the abundant reactive oxides and hierarchical pore structure within the dual-catalyst CFP (DC-CFP). In the DC-CFP, the mesopores of the industrial solid waste promote the diffusion of macromolecules produced by pyrolysis, while lattice oxygen transfer from Fe₂O₃ (28.29 %) in red gypsum facilitates the cleavage of the C–O, C=O and C–C bond to yield small-molecule precursors. These intermediates then undergo aromatization driven by the acidic sites of the microporous HBeta zeolite, synergistically enhancing aromatics content and offering a novel approach for utilizing industrial solid waste resources and biomass energy.

本研究采用典型工业固体废弃物（赤泥、粉煤灰、高炉渣、红石膏、阳极渣）与沸石相结合的双催化剂体系，协同促进废竹生物质催化快速热解（CFP）生产芳烃。结果表明：与非催化热解相比，工业固体废弃物的脱氧作用显著增强，含氧化合物含量降低2.60% ~ 26.26%；其中，红色石膏的效果最为显著，其芳香族前体化合物（如碳氢化合物）的含量提高了21.82%。在双催化剂体系中，红石膏/HBeta （h型β沸石）组合（1:1比例）在550℃下获得了43.58%的芳烃相对含量，比单一HBeta提高了30.79%。单环芳烃（MAHs）和苯-甲苯-二甲苯（BTX）含量分别增加了37.27%和49.29%。双催化剂CFP （DC-CFP）中丰富的活性氧化物和分层孔结构是提高芳烃含量的主要原因。在DC-CFP中，工业固体废物的介孔促进了热解产生的大分子的扩散，而红石膏中Fe2O3（28.29%）的晶格氧转移促进了C-O、C=O和C-C键的裂解生成小分子前驱体。然后，这些中间体在微孔HBeta沸石的酸性位点驱动下进行芳构化，协同提高芳烃含量，为利用工业固体废物资源和生物质能源提供了一种新的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Earthworm mediated microbial quorum sensing accelerates organic matter transformation during vermicomposting of dewatered sludge 蚯蚓介导的微生物群体感应加速了脱水污泥蚯蚓堆肥过程中有机物的转化。

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2026.115332

Jungang Ding , Tianzhen Guo , Hui Xia , Kui Huang , Mingte Li , Fusheng Li

Vermicomposting (VC) relies on the synergistic interaction between earthworms and microorganisms to drive the degradation of organic matter (OM). Quorum sensing (QS), which governs earthworm-microorganism interactions, may influence dissolved organic matter (DOM) transformation during VC. However, the presence of QS and the functional roles of signaling molecules during VC remain unclear. This study investigated earthworm mediated microbial QS in driving microbial community succession and accelerating DOM transformation during VC, by contrasting the process without earthworms. The results showed that VC exhibited a distinct decomposition pathway, achieving significantly faster DOM degradation and mineralization (P < 0.01), compared to the control. Additionally, earthworms markedly facilitated the transformation of protein-like compounds into humic-like substances over a shorter period. Their presence also modified acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL) synthesis patterns and suppressed AHLs hydrolysis, resulting in a 96.14 % increase (P < 0.01) in short-chain AHLs. Metagenomic analysis revealed that earthworm in VC significantly altered the bacterial diversity (P < 0.05), enriching modularity coefficient and deterministic processes by 18.75 % and 87.03 %, respectively. Finally, AHL-responsive microorganisms significantly influencing physicochemical and DOM transformation during the VC. This study suggests that earthworms enhance AHL-type QS regulation in microbial communities, improving their metabolic functions and accelerating DOM transformation.

蚯蚓堆肥依靠蚯蚓和微生物之间的协同作用来驱动有机物（OM）的降解。群体感应（Quorum sensing， QS）控制着蚯蚓与微生物的相互作用，可能会影响VC过程中溶解有机物（DOM）的转化。然而，在VC过程中，QS的存在和信号分子的功能作用尚不清楚。本研究通过对比无蚯蚓的VC过程，探讨了蚯蚓介导的微生物QS在VC过程中驱动微生物群落演替和加速DOM转化的作用。结果表明，VC具有明显的分解途径，DOM的降解和矿化速度显著高于对照（P < 0.01）。此外，蚯蚓在较短的时间内显著促进了蛋白质样化合物向腐殖质样物质的转化。它们的存在还改变了酰基-高丝氨酸内酯（AHL）的合成模式，抑制了AHL的水解，导致短链AHL的数量增加96.14% （P < 0.01）。宏基因组分析显示，蚯蚓显著改变了VC中细菌多样性（P < 0.05），使模块化系数和确定性过程分别增加了18.75%和87.03%。最后，ahl响应微生物显著影响VC过程中的理化和DOM转化。本研究提示蚯蚓增强微生物群落ahl型QS调控，改善微生物代谢功能，加速DOM转化。

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引用次数: 0

Comprehensive and sludge-free treatment of raw landfill leachate wastewaters using electro-peroxone 电-过氧酮综合无污泥处理垃圾渗滤液

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2026-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2025.115313

Ramya Srinivasan , Anjali Dubey , Indumathi M Nambi

Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) offer a promising strategy for leachate contaminant removal. In this work, electro-peroxone is evaluated first using humic acid and then applied to raw leachates from American and Indian landfills. Its performance is compared with electrolysis and ozonation using a reticulated vitreous carbon (RVC) cathode, while assessing the effects of current, electrode area, aeration rate, and pH on H₂O₂ generation. Quantification of H₂O₂ and •OH shows that electro-peroxone produces the highest •OH levels, identifying it as the most effective pollution-abatement pathway among the tested processes. It is demonstrated for the first time that the RVC electrode electrochemically generates hydroxyl radicals during electrolysis in an ozone- and catalyst-independent manner, while also producing hydroxyl radicals during electro-peroxone, as confirmed by EPR analysis.

Additionally, electro-peroxone provides a unified treatment approach that simultaneously removes organics, color, microorganisms, TSS, and turbidity. In the case of both the leachates, a total organic carbon (TOC) degradation of about 70–93 %, a turbidity removal of around 80–97 %, and about 85–99.5 % TSS removal in 480 min, 99.4–99.7 % color removal in 240 min, and around 96–99.93 % disinfection in 180 min was attained. The electro-peroxone system also demonstrated a significant reduction in toxicity after treatment. The particle distribution analysis before and after treatment clearly indicated the reduction in particle size and substantiated the reduction in TSS and turbidity, and increase in soluble TOC. Finally, mechanisms for contaminant abatement and the novel phenomenon of particulate organic matter mineralization are proposed, demonstrating electro-peroxone as a sustainable, chemical-free, zero-sludge treatment option for complex landfill leachates.

高级氧化工艺（AOPs）是一种很有前途的去除渗滤液污染物的方法。在这项工作中，电过氧化物酮首先使用腐植酸进行评估，然后将其应用于美国和印度垃圾填埋场的原始渗滤液。将其性能与使用网状玻璃体碳（RVC）阴极的电解和臭氧化进行了比较，同时评估了电流、电极面积、曝气率和pH对H2O2生成的影响。对H2O2和•OH的定量分析表明，电-过氧酮产生的•OH水平最高，是测试过程中最有效的污染减排途径。首次证明了RVC电极在电解过程中以不依赖于臭氧和催化剂的方式产生羟基自由基，同时在电-过氧酮过程中也产生羟基自由基，EPR分析证实了这一点。此外，电-过氧化物酮提供了一种统一的处理方法，同时去除有机物，颜色，微生物，TSS和浊度。在这两种渗滤液中，总有机碳（TOC）降解率约为70 - 93%，浊度去除率约为80 - 97%，TSS去除率约为85 - 99.5%，240 min去色率为99.4 - 99.7%，180 min消毒率约为96 - 99.93%。电-过氧酮系统也显示出治疗后毒性的显著降低。处理前后的颗粒分布分析清楚地表明粒径减小，证实了TSS和浊度的降低，可溶性TOC的增加。最后，提出了污染物减排的机制和颗粒有机物矿化的新现象，证明了电过氧化物酮是一种可持续的、无化学物质的、零污泥处理复杂垃圾渗滤液的选择。

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引用次数: 0

Transforming coal washery rejects into carbon nanomaterials via microwave pyrolysis for waste to value conversion 利用微波热解技术将洗煤厂废弃物转化为纳米碳材料，实现废值转化

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2025.115319

Burada Shravani , Navneet Kumar Mishra , Shavi Agrawal , Anurag Shakya , B.Rajasekhar Reddy , Raj Kumar Dishwar

This study presents a sustainable approach for converting coal washery rejects into high-value carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) using microwave-assisted catalytic pyrolysis. Initial characterization of the raw coal tailings revealed a high fixed carbon content (40.27 wt%) and calorific value (20.4 MJ/Kg). Through beneficiation techniques such as froth flotation and oil agglomeration, the carbon content was enhanced to 73.97 – 75.93 wt% with an increased calorific value of 27.2 – 30.7 MJ/Kg. The cleaned coal concentrate was subjected to microwave pyrolysis in the presence of Fe-based catalysts. Under optimized conditions (810 W microwave power, 45 µm catalyst particle size, and 2:1 coal-to-catalyst ratio), the process resulted in a 66.5 % yield of carbon nanomaterials with up to 80 % purity. Varying these parameters influenced the morphology of the synthesized nanomaterials, producing carbon nanotubes with an average length of 1.41 µm and diameter of 80.22 nm. Raman spectroscopy analysis revealed an I_D/I_G ratio ∼ 1 for the optimized samples, indicating a high degree of graphitization, while XRD confirmed the presence of crystalline graphite (0 0 2) planes at 2theta ∼ 26°. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of transforming high-ash coal waste into functional carbon nanostructures via a controlled microwave-heating route.

本研究提出了一种利用微波辅助催化热解将洗煤厂废弃物转化为高价值碳纳米材料（CNMs）的可持续方法。原煤尾矿的初步表征表明，其固定碳含量高（40.27 wt%），热值高（20.4 MJ/Kg）。通过泡沫浮选、油团聚等选矿工艺，使矿石含碳量提高到73.97 ~ 75.93 wt%，发热量提高27.2 ~ 30.7 MJ/Kg。将精煤精矿在铁基催化剂存在下进行微波热解。在优化条件下（810 W微波功率，45µm催化剂粒度，2:1煤催化剂比），该工艺的碳纳米材料收率为66.5%，纯度高达80%。改变这些参数会影响合成的纳米材料的形貌，得到的碳纳米管平均长度为1.41µm，直径为80.22 nm。拉曼光谱分析显示，优化样品的ID/IG比为1，表明石墨化程度高，而XRD证实在2 θ ~ 26°处存在结晶石墨（0 0 2）面。这些发现证明了通过可控微波加热途径将高灰分煤矸石转化为功能碳纳米结构的可行性。

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引用次数: 0