Waste management最新文献_第7页

In-situ production of amino acid-rich monoammonium phosphate from chicken feathers provides superior efficacy compared to physical blending 与物理混合法相比，利用鸡毛就地生产富含氨基酸的磷酸一铵具有更高的功效。

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.09.030

Fuduo He, Yi Tan, Xiaohou Zhou, Tao Luo, Zhenjuan Yan, Dehua Xu, Xinlong Wang

A large amount of feather waste is discarded annually, leading to severe environmental pollution problems. Meanwhile, to improve the utilization efficiency of phosphate fertilizers, this study utilized wet-process phosphoric acid (WPPA) to hydrolyze feathers in-situ, producing ammonium amino acid phosphate (AAMAP), and set up physically mixed ammonium phosphate (ARMAP) as a control. The application effects of AAMAP and ARMAP produced under different conditions on bok choy growth were investigated. The results showed that AAMAP consistently outperformed ARMAP in promoting yield, with fresh weight and dry weight increases ranging from 1.38 % to 26.06 % and 5.69 % to 20.67 %, respectively. Among all treatments, the AAMAP (150 g/L-3) group was the most effective, increasing fresh weight and dry weight by 37.13 % and 46.13 % compared to the blank control group. Analysis revealed that the superior application effect of AAMAP was attributed to the elimination of the water-insoluble NH₄MgPO₄·H₂O crystals due to amino acid chelation, leading to improved phosphorus and magnesium utilization, as well as the formation of phosphoesters. Furthermore, economic analysis showed that the addition cost of AAMAP was only 28.52 % of ARMAP. This method of utilizing WPPA to hydrolyze feathers in-situ for AAMAP production is an economical and effective approach to treat feather waste and enhance the utilization efficiency of phosphate fertilizers.

每年都有大量的羽毛废弃物被丢弃，导致严重的环境污染问题。同时，为了提高磷肥的利用效率，本研究利用湿法磷酸（WPPA）对羽毛进行原位水解，生产出氨基酸磷酸铵（AAMAP），并设置物理混合磷酸铵（ARMAP）作为对照。研究了在不同条件下产生的 AAMAP 和 ARMAP 对大白菜生长的影响。结果表明，AAMAP的增产效果始终优于ARMAP，鲜重和干重分别增加了1.38%至26.06%和5.69%至20.67%。在所有处理中，AAMAP（150 克/升-3）组最有效，与空白对照组相比，鲜重和干重分别增加了 37.13 % 和 46.13 %。分析表明，AAMAP 的优异施用效果是由于氨基酸螯合作用消除了不溶于水的 NH4MgPO4-H2O 结晶，从而提高了磷和镁的利用率，并形成了磷酯。此外，经济分析表明，AAMAP 的添加成本仅为 ARMAP 的 28.52%。这种利用 WPPA 就地水解羽毛以生产 AAMAP 的方法是处理羽毛废弃物和提高磷肥利用效率的一种经济有效的方法。

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引用次数: 0

Municipal solid waste management in Lagos State: Expansion diffusion of awareness 拉各斯州的城市固体废物管理：扩大宣传。

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2024-10-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.09.032

Emma Etim , Karma Tashi Choedron , Olawale Ajai

This study examined the role of waste management authorities in promoting public awareness of municipal solid waste management (MSWM) through the lens of the expansion diffusion theory (EDT). EDT emphasizes the spread of new ideas and practices within a society through various communication channels and distinct individuals within each system. We employed a mixed-method approach using 116 survey responses from Lagos residents and five semi-structured in-depth interviews. Our findings reveal the need for a more structured approach to create public awareness of MSWM, considering the distinct groups of residents in Lagos and their responses to innovation and knowledge diffusion. We propose four pillars on which waste management authorities in developing countries can sustain their MSWM awareness campaigns, as well as an awareness campaign strategy flowchart. Our findings add to the expanding body of research on public awareness and participation in MSWM, emphasizing the critical role that waste management authorities can play in fostering sustainable waste management awareness and practices.

本研究通过扩展传播理论（EDT）的视角，探讨了废物管理机构在提高公众对城市固体废物管理（MSWM）认识方面的作用。扩展扩散理论强调新思想和新做法通过各种传播渠道和每个系统中不同的个体在社会中传播。我们采用了一种混合方法，对拉各斯居民进行了 116 次问卷调查，并进行了五次半结构式深度访谈。我们的研究结果表明，考虑到拉各斯不同的居民群体及其对创新和知识传播的反应，我们需要一种更有条理的方法来提高公众对 MSWM 的认识。我们提出了发展中国家废物管理机构可持续开展 MSWM 宣传活动的四大支柱，以及宣传活动战略流程图。我们的研究结果丰富了有关公众对 MSWM 的认识和参与的研究，强调了废物管理机构在培养可持续废物管理意识和实践方面可以发挥的关键作用。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of acidification pretreatment on two-phase anaerobic digestion of acidified food waste 酸化预处理对酸化厨余两相厌氧消化的影响

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.09.022

Xudong Wang , Xujia Ming , Mengyu Chen , Xiao Han , Xianguo Li , Dahai Zhang

Acidified food waste significantly disrupts anaerobic digestion, highlighting the need for effective solutions to mitigate its impact. This study presents a method that utilizes acidified sludge to pretreat acidified food waste, thereby significantly improving the efficiency of hydrolysis and acidogenesis. After acidification pretreatment, hydrolysis efficiency improved from 64.54 % to 96.51 %, while acidogenesis efficiency increased from 34.82 % to 49.95 %. Additionally, the concentration of short-chain fatty acids and hydrogen production in the acidification pretreatment group increased by 45.89 % and 48.67 %, respectively. The pretreatment group exhibited a biochemical methane potential of 512.84 ± 13.73 mL/(g volatile suspended solids), which was 35.77 % higher than that of the control group. Mechanism analysis revealed that the higher abundance of genes associated with lactate dehydrogenase in the acidified sludge facilitated the rapid degradation of lactic acid. Moreover, the abundant Clostridium butyricum in the acidified sludge promoted the targeted conversion of lactic acid and other organic matter into butyric acid within the food waste system. This efficient butyric acid fermentation improved the fermentation environment and provided abundant substrates for methane production. This study introduces a promising bio-based strategy to improve the anaerobic digestion efficiency of acidified food waste.

酸化厨余会严重干扰厌氧消化，因此需要有效的解决方案来减轻其影响。本研究提出了一种利用酸化污泥预处理酸化厨余的方法，从而显著提高水解和产酸效率。经过酸化预处理后，水解效率从 64.54% 提高到 96.51%，酸化效率从 34.82% 提高到 49.95%。此外，酸化预处理组的短链脂肪酸浓度和产氢量分别增加了 45.89 % 和 48.67 %。预处理组的生化甲烷潜力为 512.84 ± 13.73 mL/（g 挥发性悬浮固体），比对照组高出 35.77%。机理分析表明，酸化污泥中乳酸脱氢酶相关基因的丰度较高，促进了乳酸的快速降解。此外，酸化污泥中丰富的丁酸梭菌促进了乳酸和其他有机物在厨余系统中定向转化为丁酸。这种高效的丁酸发酵改善了发酵环境，并为甲烷生产提供了丰富的底物。这项研究为提高酸化厨余的厌氧消化效率介绍了一种前景广阔的生物策略。

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引用次数: 0

Assessing determinants and readiness for willingness-to-pay (WTP) for unit-based pay-as-you-throw (PAYT) waste tariff structures: A case study of Kathmandu, Nepal 评估以单位为基础的 "即扔即付"（PAYT）垃圾收费结构的决定因素和支付意愿（WTP）准备情况：尼泊尔加德满都案例研究

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.09.029

Mukesh Ghimire , Sudeshana Pandey , Sung-Eun Chang , JongRoul Woo

Many cities in developing countries are searching for financially motivated behavior-based alternatives, such as pay-as-you-throw (PAYT) tariff mechanisms, over conventional methods. This study explores the determinants and readiness for willingness-to-pay (WTP) for introducing unit-based PAYT tariff structures in Kathmandu, Nepal. Two distinct colored volume-based recyclable plastic bags (1 L and 20 L) waste collection systems were introduced, and their acceptability was assessed using the contingent valuation method (CVM) spike model. The findings from a survey of 401 households revealed that the public shows their willingness to replace existing fixed tariff structures with PAYT systems, with WTP values of NRs 36.1 and NRs 42.14 (USD 0.28 and 0.32) for each 1 L and 20 L bags, respectively. Income, age, sex, family size, and household status were the key determinants. Tenants were more willing to pay than homeowners. The PAYT system has a substantial additional revenue generation of 326 % compared to conventional fixed tariff structures and reduces the financial burden of waste financing for public entities. Innovative PAYT tariff structures are also expected to be an effective tool not only from a revenue generation perspective, but also as a financially motivated behavioral tool for waste segregation, reduction, and recycling for sustainable waste management in developing countries.

与传统方法相比，发展中国家的许多城市都在寻找以经济行为为基础的替代方法，如 "即扔即付"（PAYT）收费机制。本研究探讨了在尼泊尔加德满都引入基于单位的现收现付收费结构的决定因素和支付意愿（WTP）。研究引入了两种不同颜色、基于体积的可回收塑料袋（1 升和 20 升）废物收集系统，并使用或然估价法（CVM）尖峰模型对其可接受性进行了评估。对 401 个家庭的调查结果显示，公众愿意用付费系统取代现有的固定收费结构，每个 1 升和 20 升塑料袋的 WTP 值分别为 36.1 卢比和 42.14 卢比（0.28 美元和 0.32 美元）。收入、年龄、性别、家庭规模和家庭状况是决定因素。租户比房主更愿意付费。与传统的固定收费结构相比，"有偿使用 "系统可带来 326% 的可观额外收入，并减轻了公共实体在废物融资方面的财政负担。从创收的角度来看，创新的有偿使用收费结构也有望成为一种有效的工具，同时也可作为一种经济激励行为工具，促进发展中国家的废物分类、减量和回收，实现可持续废物管理。

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引用次数: 0

A comparative study of selected models simulating the settlement of municipal solid waste (MSW) with a focus on landfills in northern climates 对模拟城市固体废物（MSW）沉降的选定模型进行比较研究，重点是北方气候条件下的垃圾填埋场。

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.09.024

Wameed Alghazali, Shawn Kenny, Paul J. Van Geel

Evaluating model parameters through laboratory experiments presents challenges due to waste heterogeneity and scale effects. This study investigates the settlement response of selected models using field-scale data collected from the filling and post-closure phases of the Ste. Sophie landfill in Canada. The first model was based on primary and secondary compression ratios, which could capture the overall settlement but ignored the effect of freezing temperatures on biodegradation-induced settlement. The second model was a composite model with a primary compression ratio, and rheological and first-order decay equations. The model failed to accurately simulate mechanical creep and account for the effect of freezing temperatures. A modified version, with mechanical creep expressed as a function of the applied stress, was proposed and showed improved settlement predictions. The third model was a Generalized Kelvin-Voigt (GKV) model with biodegradation-induced strain expressed as a function of waste expended energy. This model could simulate the field settlement by considering resistance to compressibility and effects of freezing temperatures. The final model was based on the Modified Cam-Clay (MCC) model. Several studies in the literature have extended the MCC yield surface by incorporating specific mechanical and biological creep models. In this study, a general procedure was proposed to integrate time-dependent strain into the MCC yield surface, irrespective of the mechanical and biological creep models used. The extended MCC model revealed an unrealistic increase in preconsolidation pressure, resulting in an initial elastoplastic response followed by a pure elastic response. It also provided a poor estimation of the field settlement.

由于垃圾的异质性和规模效应，通过实验室实验评估模型参数是一项挑战。本研究利用从加拿大斯蒂-索菲垃圾填埋场填埋和封场后阶段收集的现场规模数据，对选定模型的沉降响应进行了研究。第一个模型基于一级和二级压缩比，可以捕捉整体沉降，但忽略了冻结温度对生物降解引起的沉降的影响。第二个模型是一个复合模型，包含一级压缩比、流变方程和一阶衰变方程。该模型未能准确模拟机械蠕变，也未考虑冰冻温度的影响。后来提出了一个改进版本，将机械蠕变表示为外加应力的函数，对沉降的预测有所改进。第三个模型是广义开尔文-伏依格特（GKV）模型，生物降解引起的应变表示为废物消耗能量的函数。该模型可通过考虑抗压缩性和冻结温度的影响来模拟现场沉降。最后的模型基于修正的凸轮-粘土（MCC）模型。文献中的一些研究通过纳入特定的机械和生物蠕变模型，扩展了 MCC 产量面。本研究提出了一个通用程序，将随时间变化的应变整合到 MCC 屈服面中，而不论所使用的机械和生物蠕变模型。扩展的 MCC 模型显示，凝固前压力的增加不切实际，导致最初的弹塑性响应之后出现纯弹性响应。该模型对现场沉降的估计也不准确。

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引用次数: 0

Unveiling the non-linear effects of water and oil on hyperspectral imaging-based characterization of solid waste by hyperspectral unmixing 通过高光谱非混合法揭示水和油对基于高光谱成像的固体废物特征描述的非线性影响。

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.09.011

Dong-Ying Lan , Pin-Jing He , Ya-Ping Qi , Fan Lü , Hua Zhang

Rapid characterization of solid waste using near-infrared hyperspectral imaging (HSI) coupled with machine learning models has been increasingly investigated to replace the traditional time- and labor-intensive methods. However, contamination by waste-derived leachates or other fractions etc., can cause the spectra evolutions and significantly influences the identification performance, which has not been investigated before. The first attempt was made by using hyperspectral unmixing (HU) to extract the endmember components and demonstrate their contributions (abundance) to solid waste, taking the non-linear reflectance changes due to the O–H vibration of water and unclear variation associated with oil and leachates as an example. The HSI spectra of various solid waste components influenced by pure water, oil and three kinds of leachates were acquired. A novel method based on HU models, including multivariate curve resolution with alternating least squares and state-of-the-art autoencoder architectures (deep learning models), was developed to estimate the spectra of endmembers as well as their abundances in individual pixel. Their spatial distribution overview in solid waste was then yielded. The selected models were validated via an independent test data set, with lower spectral angle distance, 12.3° ± 6.5°, indicating the similarity of the predicted endmembers with real components. And the lowest root of mean square error on endmember distribution maps was 0.17. The non-linear liquid’s effects by water and oil on spectra variations of solid waste were clearly illuminated. Additionally, the proposed method can extract information from mixed spectroscopic images and generate reconstructed spectra.

利用近红外高光谱成像（HSI）结合机器学习模型对固体废物进行快速表征的研究越来越多，以取代传统的费时费力的方法。然而，废物沥滤液或其他馏分等的污染会导致光谱演变，并严重影响识别性能，而这一问题此前尚未得到研究。以水的 O-H 振动引起的非线性反射率变化以及与油和沥滤液相关的不清晰变化为例，首次尝试使用高光谱非混合（HU）技术提取末端成员成分，并证明其对固体废物的贡献（丰度）。研究人员获取了受纯水、油和三种沥滤液影响的各种固体废物成分的 HSI 光谱。研究人员开发了一种基于 HU 模型的新方法，包括交替最小二乘法多变量曲线分辨率和最先进的自动编码器架构（深度学习模型），用于估算内含物的光谱及其在单个像素中的丰度。然后得出它们在固体废物中的空间分布概况。所选模型通过独立的测试数据集进行了验证，光谱角距离较低，为 12.3° ± 6.5°，表明预测的内含物与真实成分相似。内含物分布图的最小均方根误差为 0.17。水和油等非线性液体对固体废物光谱变化的影响清晰可见。此外，该方法还能从混合光谱图像中提取信息并生成重建光谱。

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引用次数: 0

Investigation of the emission and leaching behavior of characteristic heavy metals in sintered bricks prepared from oil-based drill cutting residues 油基钻削残渣制备的烧结砖中特征重金属的排放和浸出行为研究

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.09.026

Changhao Cui , Dahai Yan , Chao Chen , Meijia Liu , Li Li , Jian Wang

Oil-based drill cutting residues (OBDCR) are hazardous waste generated by the thermal desorption of oil-based drill cuttings. Recently, the utilization of OBDCR as building materials has attracted extensive attention, but the environmental risks during preparation and long-term usage remained unclear. In this study, OBDCR with a 40 % (wt./wt.) mixing ratio was used to prepare sintered bricks, and the emission and leaching behaviors of Ba, Mn, Zn, Ni, Cr, and Pb were investigated. The results indicated that the addition of OBDCR in bricks showed insignificant increase in the emission of Ba, Mn, Zn, Ni, and Cr, whereas the emission of Pb slight decreased from 10.5 to 8.6 μg/m³. The volatilization rates of these heavy metals were considerably low, with Ni showed the highest volatilization rate of only 1.45 % in OBDCR bricks. Moreover, the leaching behavior of Ba, Mn, Zn, Ni, Cr, and Pb in bricks were studied. The results indicated that surface wash-off was the main controlling leaching mechanism of Ba and Cr, whereas the leaching of Mn, Zn, Ni, and Pb was controlled by diffusion. The Elovich and second-order kinetic equation were identified as the leaching models for Mn, Zn, Pb, and Ni. The life-time leaching predictions of OBDCR bricks indicated that the leaching of Ni and Mn after 10 and 20 years of leaching were 0.1529, 0.257, 0.1530, and 0.274 mg/L, respectively, exceeding the relevant standards. Therefore, the leaching risks of Ni and Mn should be emphasized when using OBDCR bricks with a 40 % OBDCR mixing ratio.

油基钻屑残渣（OBDCR）是油基钻屑热解吸产生的危险废物。近来，将 OBDCR 用作建筑材料引起了广泛关注，但其在制备和长期使用过程中的环境风险仍不明确。本研究使用混合比为 40%（重量比/重量比）的 OBDCR 制备烧结砖，并研究了 Ba、Mn、Zn、Ni、Cr 和 Pb 的排放和浸出行为。结果表明，在烧结砖中添加 OBDCR 后，钡、锰、锌、镍和铬的排放量增加不明显，而铅的排放量则从 10.5 μg/m3 微降至 8.6 μg/m3。这些重金属的挥发率相当低，其中镍的挥发率最高，在 OBDCR 砖中仅为 1.45%。此外，还研究了砖、锰、锌、镍、铬和铅的浸出行为。结果表明，表面冲刷是控制钡和铬沥滤的主要机制，而锰、锌、镍和铅的沥滤则受扩散控制。埃洛维奇和二阶动力学方程被确定为锰、锌、铅和镍的浸出模型。OBDCR 砖的终生浸出预测结果表明，经过 10 年和 20 年浸出后，镍和锰的浸出量分别为 0.1529、0.257、0.1530 和 0.274 mg/L，超过了相关标准。因此，在使用 OBDCR 混合比为 40% 的 OBDCR 砖时，应重视镍和锰的浸出风险。

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引用次数: 0

Kinetic investigation on the catalytic pyrolysis of plastic fractions of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE): A mathematical deconvolution approach. 废弃电气和电子设备（WEEE）塑料部分催化热解的动力学研究：数学解卷积方法。

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.07.015

Samina Gulshan, Hoda Shafaghat, Shule Wang, Leilei Dai, Chuchu Tang, Wenming Fu, Yuming Wen, Chi-Hwa Wang, Panagiotis Evangelopoulos, Weihong Yang

Waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) has become a critical environmental problem. Catalytic pyrolysis is an ideal technique to treat and convert the plastic fraction of WEEE into chemicals and fuels. Unfortunately, research using real WEEE remains relatively limited. Furthermore, the complexity of WEEE complicates the analysis of its pyrolytic kinetics. This study applied the Fraser-Suzuki mathematical deconvolution method to obtain the pseudo reactions of the thermal degradation of two types of WEEE, using four different catalysts (Al₂O₃, HBeta, HZSM-5, and TiO₂) or without a catalyst. The main contributor(s) to each pseudo reaction were identified by comparing them with the pyrolysis results of the pure plastics in WEEE. The n^th order model was then applied to estimate the kinetic parameters of the obtained pseudo reactions. In the low-grade electronics pyrolysis, the pseudo-1 reaction using TiO₂ as a catalyst achieved the lowest activation energy of 92.10 kJ/mol, while the pseudo-2 reaction using HZSM-5 resulted in the lowest activation energy of 101.35 kJ/mol among the four catalytic cases. For medium-grade electronics, pseudo-3 and pseudo-4 were the main reactions for thermal degradation, with HZSM-5 and TiO₂ yielding the lowest pyrolytic activation energies of 75.24 and 226.39 kJ/mol, respectively. This effort will play a crucial role in comprehending the pyrolysis kinetic mechanism of WEEE and propelling this technology toward a brighter future.

废弃电气和电子设备（WEEE）已成为一个严重的环境问题。催化热解是处理废弃电气和电子设备中的塑料部分并将其转化为化学品和燃料的理想技术。遗憾的是，利用实际废弃电子电气设备进行的研究仍然相对有限。此外，废弃电子电气设备的复杂性也使其热解动力学分析变得复杂。本研究采用 Fraser-Suzuki 数学解卷积法，获得了使用四种不同催化剂（Al2O3、HBeta、HZSM-5 和 TiO2）或不使用催化剂的两类废弃电子电气设备热降解的伪反应。通过与 WEEE 中纯塑料的热解结果进行比较，确定了每种假反应的主要促成因素。然后应用 nth 阶模型来估算所得伪反应的动力学参数。在低档电子产品热解过程中，以 TiO2 为催化剂的伪-1 反应的活化能最低，为 92.10 kJ/mol；而在四种催化情况下，以 HZSM-5 为催化剂的伪-2 反应的活化能最低，为 101.35 kJ/mol。对于中档电子产品，伪-3 和伪-4 是热降解的主要反应，HZSM-5 和 TiO2 产生的热解活化能最低，分别为 75.24 和 226.39 kJ/mol。这项研究对于理解废弃电子电气设备的热解动力学机制以及推动这项技术走向更光明的未来将起到至关重要的作用。

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引用次数: 0

Decarbonizing paper mill sludge waste into micro and nanofibrillated cellulose via enzyme hydrolysis and dual asymmetric centrifugation 通过酶水解和双不对称离心将造纸厂污泥废料脱碳为微纤维和纳米纤维素

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.09.013

Roman Sarder, Nick Starrett, Sachin Agate, Lokendra Pal

The production of micro- and nano-fibrillated cellulose (MNFC) from paper mill sludge (PS) using simple enzymatic and mechanical treatments has been evaluated for their performance as value-added materials in packaging and other applications. Sludge from a US paper mill was analyzed for the viability of this conversion process. The enzymatic treatment was conducted at variable concentrations using an enzyme cocktail of exoglucanase and endoglucanase, followed by mechanical dual asymmetric centrifugation (DAC) treatment. The presence of inorganics and lignin facilitated the mechanical defibrillation of the fibers, making the MNFC production more energy-efficient. The prepared MNFC was characterized for fibrillation, charge, crystallinity, and surface morphology. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images show the highly fibrillated MNFC and the distribution of inorganic nanoparticles on the fiber surface. The X-ray diffractometric (XRD) analysis shows 44–65 % crystallinity. Furthermore, MNFC-based films derived from PS demonstrated excellent strength and flexibility, making them suitable for packaging and other applications. Overall, this conversion approach can save the paper industry millions of dollars in disposal costs while upcycling waste and reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with waste streams.

通过简单的酶解和机械处理，从造纸厂污泥（PS）中生产出微纤维素和纳米纤维素（MNFC），并对其在包装和其他应用中作为增值材料的性能进行了评估。对美国一家造纸厂的污泥进行了分析，以确定这种转化工艺的可行性。在不同浓度下使用外切葡聚糖酶和内切葡聚糖酶的鸡尾酒酶进行酶处理，然后进行机械双不对称离心（DAC）处理。无机物和木质素的存在促进了纤维的机械脱纤，使 MNFC 的生产更具能效。对制备的 MNFC 进行了纤度、电荷、结晶度和表面形态表征。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）图像显示了高度纤维化的 MNFC 以及纤维表面无机纳米颗粒的分布。X 射线衍射（XRD）分析显示结晶度为 44-65%。此外，由 PS 制成的基于 MNFC 的薄膜具有出色的强度和柔韧性，因此适用于包装和其他应用。总之，这种转化方法可以为造纸业节省数百万美元的处理成本，同时还能实现废物的再循环利用，减少与废物流相关的温室气体（GHG）排放。

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引用次数: 0

Technical and environmental assessment of sludge-derived slag generated from high temperature slagging co-gasification process as a sustainable construction material 高温炉渣联合气化工艺产生的污泥衍生炉渣作为可持续建筑材料的技术和环境评估

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.09.021

Ya Zhao , Wei Ping Chan , Vernette Chin , Yinn Zhao Boon , Xiaoxu Fu , Yan Gu , James Oh , Grzegorz Lisak

Tremendous amount of sludge is generated annually from freshwater treatment or sewage. The high temperature slagging co-gasification converts the sludge to slag showing the potential application for construction material. In this study, the physico-chemical properties of 4 types of slags generated from the co-gasification of municipal solid waste (MSW) with sludge from freshwater treatment or sewage, and ashes from sludge incineration are comprehensively analyzed. Leaching performance of the sludge-derived slag and mortar (with slag as the fine aggregate), as determined based on Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP), batch leaching and column leaching tests, indicates the slag can be considered safe for reutilization. Compressive strength test demonstrates that the mortars perform excellently and have the potential to replace sand in concrete production. The consolidation coefficient of slag (1.6 – 39.1 m²/year) is lower than the sandy silt but higher than clay. Additionally, the coefficient of permeability (∼1.96 × 10^-3 m/s), angle of shearing resistance (∼39°), and undrained shear strength (375.5

\pm

54.8 kPa) of the slag are comparable to sand. The life cycle assessment (LCA) is also conducted to evaluate the environmental impacts and benefits of reutilizing sludge-derived slag as an alternative material for concrete production and land reclamation.

淡水处理或污水处理每年会产生大量污泥。高温炉渣共气化将污泥转化为炉渣，显示出其作为建筑材料应用的潜力。本研究全面分析了城市固体废弃物（MSW）与淡水处理或污水处理产生的污泥以及污泥焚烧产生的灰烬共同气化产生的 4 种炉渣的物理化学性质。根据毒性特征浸出程序 (TCLP)、批量浸出和柱浸出试验确定的污泥衍生炉渣和灰泥（以炉渣为细骨料）的浸出性能表明，炉渣可以安全地再利用。抗压强度测试表明，灰泥性能优异，有可能在混凝土生产中取代砂。矿渣的固结系数（1.6 - 39.1 平方米/年）低于砂质粉土，但高于粘土。此外，矿渣的渗透系数（∼1.96 × 10-3 m/s）、抗剪角（∼39°）和排水剪切强度（375.5 ± 54.8 kPa）与砂相当。此外，还进行了生命周期评估（LCA），以评价将污泥产生的炉渣作为混凝土生产和土地复垦的替代材料进行再利用的环境影响和效益。

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