Waste management最新文献_第4页

Overflow-aware recycling bin location with random utilities: A case study of the commune of Estación Central, Chile 溢出意识回收箱位置随机公用事业：以智利中部Estación公社为例

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2026.115360

Gonzalo Méndez-Vogel , Sebastián Dávila-Gálvez , Pedro Jara-Moroni , Jorge Zamorano

This study tackles the challenge of locating recycling bins to improve municipal waste collection. We develop a lexicographic mixed-integer optimization model with two sequential objectives: maximizing the amount of recycled glass and then minimizing bin overflow. The model considers how people decide where to recycle, which is captured through a multinomial logit (random-utility) choice model with an outside option. Demand is estimated at the census-block level using household counts and average glass-generation rates, and user access is represented through distance-based disutilities. We assume that users may leave glass outside the bins when these are full, reflecting the formation of micro-landfills. The model is applied to a real case in Estación Central, Santiago, Chile. In the case study, we evaluate the current configuration in terms of expected glass capture and overflow, solve the model to optimally relocate the existing bins without adding infrastructure, and conduct a sensitivity analysis by varying the number of bins. Results show that relocating existing bins can raise weekly recycling by about five metric tonnes and completely eliminate overflow without new infrastructure. Configurations with fewer bins also achieve high recycling while keeping expected overflow below 60 kg. These insights can guide local governments in designing more efficient and user-friendly recycling systems.

本研究解决了寻找回收箱以改善城市垃圾收集的挑战。我们开发了一个字典混合整数优化模型，有两个连续的目标：最大化回收玻璃的数量，然后最小化垃圾箱溢出。该模型考虑了人们如何决定在哪里回收，这是通过一个带有外部选项的多项logit（随机效用）选择模型捕获的。需求是根据住户数量和平均玻璃产生率在人口普查级别估计的，用户访问是通过基于距离的公用事业来表示的。我们假设当垃圾桶满了的时候，用户可能会把玻璃留在垃圾桶外面，这反映了微垃圾填埋场的形成。该模型应用于智利圣地亚哥Estación中部地区的一个实际案例。在案例研究中，我们根据预期的玻璃捕获和溢出来评估当前的配置，在不增加基础设施的情况下求解模型以最佳地重新安置现有的垃圾箱，并通过改变垃圾箱的数量进行敏感性分析。结果表明，重新安置现有的垃圾箱可以使每周的回收量增加约5公吨，并在没有新的基础设施的情况下完全消除溢出。配置较少的垃圾箱也实现了高回收，同时保持预期溢出低于60公斤。这些见解可以指导地方政府设计更高效、用户友好的回收系统。

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引用次数: 0

A simple method for preparing novel biochar with Fe–N bonds and porous structure: Towards phosphate adsorption 一种制备具有Fe-N键和多孔结构的新型生物炭的简单方法：面向磷酸盐吸附

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2026.115361

Quanfeng Wang , Yang Xiao , Jiufang Qi , Haoxuan Wei , Guoming Zeng , Demin Yang , Xiaoling Lei , Yuanyuan Huang

In this study, a magnetic iron–nitrogen co-doped adsorbent (Fe/N-KBC) with a high specific surface area was successfully prepared through the simple co-pyrolysis of municipal sludge and modifiers (potassium ferrate, urea, and potassium chloride). The activation effect of K⁺ ions effectively enhanced the pore structure, while co-doping with iron and nitrogen facilitated the formation of Fe–N bonds, thereby improving both the adsorption rate and selectivity for phosphate. It exhibited a magnetic saturation value of 16.37 emu/g, enabling convenient magnetic separation. Even in the presence of coexisting ions, the phosphate removal efficiency remained above 81.62 %. Moreover, the Fe–N bonds significantly suppressed iron leaching, with the maximum Fe ion concentration measured at only 0.019 mg/L, ensuring excellent adsorption stability. Compared to other adsorbents analyzed in this study, Fe/N-KBC demonstrated both the highest adsorption capacity and the fastest adsorption kinetics. The adsorbent maintained full regenerability and could be reused for at least four cycles with minimal performance loss. In a continuous flow column test, Fe/N-KBC effectively treated approximately 590 bed volumes (BV) of phosphate-containing wastewater. The main adsorption mechanism was attributed to Fe–N coordination bonding, accompanied by electrostatic attraction, π–π interactions, hydrogen bonding and pore filling. Hydroponic experiments using mung beans confirmed the low biotoxicity of adsorbents, and the saturated material could be directly repurposed as a phosphate fertilizer. Overall, this work proposes a promising strategy for the simultaneous regulation of adsorption rate and selectivity and offers a facile adsorbent material for efficient phosphorus recovery and resource reutilization.

本研究通过对城市污泥和改性剂（高铁酸钾、尿素和氯化钾）进行简单共热解，成功制备了具有高比表面积的磁性铁氮共掺杂吸附剂（Fe/N-KBC）。K+离子的活化作用有效地增强了孔隙结构，而铁和氮的共掺杂促进了Fe-N键的形成，从而提高了对磷酸盐的吸附速率和选择性。磁饱和值为16.37 emu/g，便于磁分离。即使在共存离子存在的情况下，磷酸盐的去除率仍保持在81.62%以上。Fe - n键显著抑制铁浸出，最大铁离子浓度仅为0.019 mg/L，保证了优异的吸附稳定性。与本研究分析的其他吸附剂相比，Fe/N-KBC具有最高的吸附容量和最快的吸附动力学。吸附剂保持完全的可再生性，可以重复使用至少四个循环，性能损失最小。在连续流柱试验中，Fe/N-KBC有效处理了约590床体积（BV）的含磷废水。吸附机理主要为Fe-N配位键，并伴有静电吸引、π -π相互作用、氢键和孔隙填充。绿豆水培试验证实了吸附剂的低生物毒性，饱和物质可直接用作磷肥。综上所述，本研究为同时调节吸附速率和选择性提供了一种有前景的策略，并为高效磷回收和资源再利用提供了一种简便的吸附材料。

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引用次数: 0

Ecological reorganization of fungal communities driven by floc-size stratification and process upgrading in a full-scale landfill leachate treatment plant 在一个大型垃圾渗滤液处理厂中，由絮凝粒径分层和工艺升级驱动的真菌群落生态重组

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2026.115357

Shitong Liu , Shuang Zhu , Rongxin Zhang , Binbin Sheng

Floc size in activated sludge systems plays a critical role in shaping bacterial communities by regulating microenvironmental heterogeneity, yet its ecological influence on fungal assemblages during process upgrading remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to systematically investigate the effects of floc-size stratification on fungal community composition, assembly mechanisms, source contribution patterns, and molecular ecological co-occurrence network structures during the transition from conventional nitrification–denitrification (CND) to partial nitrification–denitrification (PND) in a full-scale landfill leachate treatment plant. Fungal communities from large (L, >100 μm), medium (M, 25–100 μm), and small (S, <25 μm) flocs were characterized across three operational stages (CND, Trans, and PND) using high-throughput ITS sequencing. Analytical approaches including neutral community model, normalized stochasticity ratio, fast expectation–maximization for microbial source tracking, and molecular ecological network modeling were applied. Results showed that S-flocs consistently contributed the largest proportion to the supernatant fungal community across all stages. Community assembly transitioned from predominantly stochastic in the CND stage to increasingly deterministic in the PND stage, especially within L and M flocs. Co-occurrence network analysis revealed a shift from small-world to scale-free modular topologies, indicating substantial remodeling of fungal co-occurrence correlations. Dissolved oxygen, representing an operational factor, and sludge physicochemical indicators jointly influenced fungal community differentiation across floc-size gradients. This study highlights the regulatory role of floc-size stratification in shaping fungal ecology and network architecture during engineered nitrogen removal process upgrading. These findings provide new insights into spatial microbial dynamics and inform floc-scale strategies for optimizing biological wastewater treatment performance.

活性污泥系统中的絮团大小通过调节微环境异质性在塑造细菌群落中起着关键作用，但其在工艺升级过程中对真菌组合的生态影响仍未得到充分研究。本研究旨在系统地探讨絮凝粒径分层对垃圾渗滤液处理厂从常规硝化-反硝化（CND）向部分硝化-反硝化（PND）过渡过程中真菌群落组成、组装机制、来源贡献模式和分子生态共生网络结构的影响。利用高通量ITS测序对大（L, >100 μm）、中（M, 25 - 100 μm）和小（S, <25 μm）絮凝体的真菌群落进行了三个操作阶段（CND， Trans和PND）的表征。采用中性群落模型、归一化随机比、快速期望最大化微生物源跟踪和分子生态网络模型等分析方法。结果表明，s -絮凝体在各阶段对上清真菌群落的贡献均最大。群落聚集从CND阶段的主要随机性转变为PND阶段的越来越确定性，特别是在L和M絮凝体中。共现网络分析揭示了从小世界到无标度模块化拓扑的转变，表明真菌共现相关性的实质性重塑。溶解氧作为一个操作因子，与污泥理化指标共同影响真菌群落在絮团大小梯度上的分化。本研究强调了在工程脱氮工艺升级过程中，絮凝体粒径分层对真菌生态和网络结构形成的调节作用。这些发现为空间微生物动力学提供了新的见解，并为优化废水生物处理性能的絮凝尺度策略提供了信息。

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引用次数: 0

Degradation of supposedly biodegradable polymers in a real estuarine environment 在真实的河口环境中，所谓的可生物降解聚合物的降解

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2026.115365

Beatriz Barbosa Moreno , Milton Alexandre Cardoso , Fabio Ruiz Simões , Isabelly Bertochi Veroneze , Sandra Andrea Cruz , Ítalo Braga Castro

Aiming to mitigate the impacts of global plastic pollution, several strategies have been adopted, such as replacing conventional plastics with compostable and biodegradable polymers. However, the effectiveness of these polymers in real-world environments has been questioned due to low degradation rates. Therefore, the present study experimentally assessed, in a real estuarine environment, degradation of bags made of PLA + PBAT + starch, PLA + PBAT, polyethylene (PE) with an oxo-biodegradable additive and solely PE. During an 180-day exposure period, morphological, chemical and structural analyses including SEM, FTIR, TGA and DSC were carried out. The results showed that bags made of PLA + PBAT + starch presented more consistent degradation evidence, in estuarine environments, than those without starch addition (PLA + PBAT). However, after 45 days of exposure, such blends have undergone fragmentation, probably forming microplastics (MPs). While samples composed by PLA + PBAT + starch significative differed in macroscopic and microscopic structure, condition indexes and thermal properties from ordinary PE, no significative differences were seen for samples made of PLA + PBAT and oxo-biodegradable plastics. Despite degradation performance of bags PLA + PBAT + starch based, assessments with regard microplastic formation and ecotoxicity must be performed in aquatic scenarios.

为了减轻全球塑料污染的影响，已经采取了几种策略，例如用可堆肥和可生物降解的聚合物取代传统塑料。然而，由于低降解率，这些聚合物在现实环境中的有效性受到质疑。因此，本研究在真实的河口环境中，实验评估了PLA + PBAT +淀粉、PLA + PBAT、聚乙烯（PE）与氧生物降解添加剂和单独PE制成的塑料袋的降解情况。在180天的暴露期内，进行了包括SEM、FTIR、TGA和DSC在内的形态、化学和结构分析。结果表明，在河口环境中，PLA + PBAT +淀粉制备的袋子比未添加淀粉（PLA + PBAT）的袋子具有更一致的降解证据。然而，在暴露45天后，这种混合物发生碎裂，可能形成微塑料（MPs）。虽然PLA + PBAT +淀粉组成的样品在宏观和微观结构、状态指标和热性能上与普通PE有显著差异，但PLA + PBAT和氧生物降解塑料制成的样品没有显著差异。尽管以PLA + PBAT +淀粉为基础的塑料袋具有降解性能，但必须在水生环境中进行关于微塑料形成和生态毒性的评估。

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引用次数: 0

Advancing mechanical recycling of polypropylene: lessons from sorting, washing, and life cycle assessment 推进聚丙烯机械回收：分类、洗涤和生命周期评估的经验教训。

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2026.115356

Moritz Mager , Lukas Zeilerbauer , Alexander Felgel-Farnholz , Sandra Czaker , Jörg Fischer , Sander H.J. Postema , Johann B. Kasper , Marcel C.P. van Eijk

European legislation, particularly the Packaging and Packaging Waste Regulation (PPWR), is rapidly increasing the demand for high-quality recycled polypropylene (PP) in packaging applications. Achieving such qualities through mechanical recycling remains challenging due to the heterogeneity of post-consumer waste, while the role of intensified washing in the overall decontamination remains debated. This study evaluates the influence of additional sorting and washing intensity on material properties, product performance, and environmental impacts in mechanical recycling of Dutch post-consumer rigid PP. White, clear, and colored fractions were processed under cold and hot wash conditions, extruded, and converted into cups by injection molding and thermoforming. Sorting effectively reduced feedstock heterogeneity, while hot washing slightly improved oxidation stability and ductility. Cup testing showed that the investigated recyclates achieved 77–88 % of virgin polypropylene top load performance. Hot washing removed surface contamination but did not significantly reduce volatile organic compounds or migration levels. A Life cycle assessment (LCA) was performed in openLCA using Ecoinvent background data. The results showed that advanced mechanical recycling, despite higher energy and chemical demand, remained environmentally advantageous, achieving significantly lower climate change impacts compared to virgin PP. However, the recyclate substitution rate in final products was identified as the dominant driver of environmental benefits. Overall, maximizing substitution and sorting efficiency proved more effective for achieving sustainable, high-quality PP recycling than intensifying washing.

欧洲立法，特别是包装和包装废弃物法规（PPWR），正在迅速增加包装应用中对高质量再生聚丙烯（PP）的需求。由于消费后废物的异质性，通过机械回收实现这些质量仍然具有挑战性，而强化洗涤在整体去污中的作用仍然存在争议。本研究评估了额外的分类和洗涤强度对材料性能、产品性能和荷兰消费后刚性PP机械回收的环境影响的影响。白色、透明和有色部分在冷洗和热洗条件下加工，挤压，并通过注射成型和热成型转化为杯子。分选有效地降低了原料的非均质性，而热洗略微提高了氧化稳定性和延展性。杯试验表明，所研究的回收材料达到了原聚丙烯顶载性能的77- 88%。热洗去除表面污染，但没有显著降低挥发性有机化合物或迁移水平。使用Ecoinvent背景数据在openLCA中进行生命周期评估（LCA）。结果表明，尽管先进的机械回收技术对能源和化学物质的需求更高，但仍具有环境优势，与原始PP相比，其对气候变化的影响显著降低。然而，最终产品的回收替代率被认为是环境效益的主要驱动因素。总的来说，最大化替代和分类效率被证明比强化洗涤更有效地实现可持续的、高质量的PP回收。

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引用次数: 0

Valorization of recycled paper mill sludge via mass–energy integration for sustainable onsite power generation: A case study 通过质能集成实现可持续现场发电的再生造纸厂污泥的增值：一个案例研究。

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2026.115354

Patcharin Racho , Boonsita Nammana , Netnapid Tantemsapya , Boonchai Wichitsathian , Kriangsak Riewklang , Kraichat Tantrakarnapa

This study presents a site-specific, year-long integrated mass–energy assessment of sludge valorisation at a Thai recycled paper mill, evaluating three sludge-to-energy pathways: (1) refuse-derived fuel (RDF) production from dewatered sludge, (2) anaerobic digestion (AD) of primary and secondary sludge, and (3) a hybrid cascade combining AD with digestate-to-RDF conversion. An auditable organic-carbon balance with a very small deviation (ΔMB ≈ +0.0068%) demonstrates high data quality and traceability. A product-substitution framework was applied using functional units of 1 kWh of on-site electricity and 1 t of on-site steam delivered, with system boundaries explicitly incorporating air-pollution control systems (APCS) for RDF and essential gas-cleaning for AD. The analysis indicates substantial potential for fossil-energy displacement, with differences observed among the three pathways once APCS-related parasitic loads and compliance costs are considered. Over a 20-year project horizon, techno-economic analysis shows that the relative economic performance of the pathways is strongly influenced by the treatment of APCS capital and operating expenditures under on-site utilisation conditions. One-way sensitivity analysis identifies electricity tariff and grid emission factor, sludge and digestate dryness and higher heating value, and APCS costs as the dominant parameters affecting economic outcomes. By integrating experimental data with mass–energy balancing and substitution-based assessment, this study provides a transparent analytical basis for comparing sludge-to-energy options in recycled paper mills under realistic operational and compliance constraints.

本研究对泰国一家再生纸厂的污泥价值进行了为期一年的综合质能评估，评估了三种污泥转化为能源的途径：(1)从脱水污泥中生产垃圾衍生燃料（RDF），(2)初级和次级污泥的厌氧消化（AD），以及(3)将AD与消化物转化为RDF的混合级联。具有非常小偏差（ΔMB≈+0.0068%）的可审计有机碳平衡证明了高数据质量和可追溯性。产品替代框架采用了1千瓦时现场电力和1吨现场蒸汽的功能单位，系统边界明确结合了用于RDF的空气污染控制系统（APCS）和用于AD的必要气体净化。分析表明化石能源替代的巨大潜力，一旦考虑到与apcs相关的寄生负荷和合规成本，三种途径之间存在差异。在20年的项目周期内，技术经济分析表明，在现场利用条件下，APCS资本和运营支出的处理强烈影响了通道的相对经济性能。单向敏感性分析发现，电价和电网排放因子、污泥和沼液干燥度和较高的热值以及APCS成本是影响经济结果的主要参数。通过将实验数据与质能平衡和基于替代的评估相结合，本研究为在实际操作和合规约束下比较再生纸厂的污泥-能源选择提供了透明的分析基础。

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引用次数: 0

Machine learning based prediction of mechanical properties in carbon fiber recovered through pyrolysis 基于机器学习的热解回收碳纤维力学性能预测。

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2026-01-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2026.115347

Xiang Guo , Tian Li , Chunting Liu , Meng Zhang , Hao Li , Jinrui Li , Yihua Zhang , Chunmei Zeng , Shuwu Wei , Linlin Pei , Fang Liu , Da Chen

The limitations of traditional pyrolysis technologies of recovered carbon fiber included long processing time, low efficiency, and unclear links between process parameters and performance. Moreover, pyrolysis alone formed residual coke on carbon fiber surfaces, severely impairing reusability. Therefore, this study adopted a combination of pyrolysis oxidation recycling to obtain clean carbon fibers, and introduced an innovative machine learning optimization framework to predict and analyze key recycling parameters. Specifically, a database of raw material characteristics and process parameters was built via systematic literature research. Subsequently, four machine learning models were integrated to predict mechanical performance, and the random forest model performed the best with determination coefficients of 0.9608 and 0.9419, respectively. Additionally, partial dependency graph analysis quantified the process window and determined the optimal parameters. Optimal tensile modulus was attained with a 5 ℃/min pyrolysis rate, 570 ℃ oxidation temperature, and 45%-75% carbon fiber mass fraction. For tensile strength, the best parameters were 557 ℃ oxidation temperature and 45 mins oxidation time. A 5 ℃/min pyrolysis rate stabilized tensile modulus, while 500 ℃ preserved tensile strength. Additionally, 75 wt% carbon content combined with high fiber mass fraction enhanced mechanical performance. The foundation was laid for subsequent pyrolysis‑oxidation experiments on carbon‑fiber recovery, and the recovery efficiency was improved. Overall, this study can provide more accurate theoretical support for carbon fiber recycling technology.

传统的回收碳纤维热解技术存在加工时间长、效率低、工艺参数与性能关系不明确等局限性。此外，单独热解在碳纤维表面形成残焦，严重影响了可重复使用性。因此，本研究采用结合热解氧化回收的方法获得清洁碳纤维，并引入创新的机器学习优化框架对关键回收参数进行预测和分析。具体而言，通过系统的文献研究，建立了原料特性和工艺参数数据库。随后，将4种机器学习模型集成到机械性能预测中，随机森林模型的决定系数分别为0.9608和0.9419，效果最好。此外，部分依赖图分析量化了过程窗口，确定了最优参数。当热解速率为5 ℃/min，氧化温度为570 ℃，碳纤维质量分数为45% ~ 75%时，拉伸模量最佳。拉伸强度的最佳参数为氧化温度557 ℃，氧化时间45 min。5 ℃/min热解速率稳定拉伸模量，500 ℃保持拉伸强度。此外，75 wt%的碳含量与高纤维质量分数相结合，提高了机械性能。为后续的碳纤维回收热解氧化实验奠定了基础，提高了回收效率。总体而言，本研究可以为碳纤维回收技术提供更准确的理论支持。

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引用次数: 0

Monitoring litter typology and loading in stormwater: Implications for waste management and mitigation policies 监测雨水中的垃圾类型和装载：对废物管理和缓解政策的影响

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2026.115350

Romain TRAMOY , Lauriane LEDIEU , Ibrahima MBALLO BIAYE , Johnny GASPERI , Bruno TASSIN

Sewer systems are an overlooked pathway of litter to rivers. We monitored six combined and four separate sewer outlets in France using retention nets over several years to quantify and characterize over 30,000 items > 5 mm, including 91% plastic debris. Total median loading rates were 155 g ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ (120 g.ha⁻¹.yr⁻¹ for plastics) and 8 g cap⁻¹ yr⁻¹ (6 g cap⁻¹.yr⁻¹ for plastics), consistent with the few previous studies available in stormwater and rivers, although litter typology is different. Combined sewers were dominated by sanitary products like wet wipes and towels (46% of plastic mass), while separate systems were dominated by cigarette butts and food packaging related to on-the-go consumption. Sewer monitoring proved complementary to river monitoring, with fewer unidentified items (∼15%) and clearer source attribution. Management strongly influenced maintenance costs: internal management and incineration by public authorities was far cheaper (800 € per net and per year) than outsourced landfill disposal (16,000 € per net and per year). Despite operational limits of nets, sewer monitoring provides robust data for litter flux models and for evaluating upstream mitigation policies. Expanding such monitoring, supported by sustained funding and international coordination, will afford reliable and homogeneous method for litter loading estimates into rivers and their source identification:an essential step toward an effective plastics treaty.

下水道系统是垃圾流入河流的一个被忽视的途径。几年来，我们使用截留网监测了法国的6个综合下水道和4个独立下水道，量化和表征了3万多件5毫米的物品，其中包括91%的塑料碎片。总中位负荷率为155 g ha−1 yr−1 （120 g ha−1）。Yr−1（塑料）和8g cap−1 （6g cap−1）。Yr−1为塑料)，与之前在雨水和河流中获得的少数研究一致，尽管凋落物类型不同。联合下水道主要是卫生用品，如湿纸巾和毛巾（占塑料质量的46%），而单独的系统主要是烟头和与移动消费相关的食品包装。事实证明，下水道监测是对河流监测的补充，未识别项目较少（约15%），来源归属更明确。管理对维护费用有很大影响：公共当局的内部管理和焚烧费用（每净和每年800欧元）远低于外包填埋处置费用（每净和每年16 000欧元）。尽管网络的运行受到限制，下水道监测为凋落物通量模型和评估上游缓解政策提供了可靠的数据。在持续的资金和国际协调的支持下扩大这种监测，将为估计流入河流的垃圾及其来源的确定提供可靠和一致的方法：这是达成有效塑料条约的重要一步。

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引用次数: 0

Parametrization of biowaste composting system for life cycle assessment 生物垃圾堆肥系统生命周期评价的参数化

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2026.115337

Nomena Ravoahangy , Guillaume Majeau-Bettez , Olivier Schoefs

Composting is a widely used method for managing and valorizing biowaste. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is commonly applied to evaluate its environmental impacts. Current methods used to model life cycle inventories often oversimplify the complex physical, chemical, and biological processes involved. This study introduces the Parametrized Composting Tool for Environmental Assessment (PaCTEA), developed to better capture the influence of biowaste composition variability and operational parameters on composting environmental impacts. PaCTEA integrates a composting model that predicts direct emissions of CO₂, NH₃, CH₄, and N₂O, as well as the nutrient composition of the resulting compost. This detailed characterization enables a more accurate estimation of the potential substitution of fertilizers and peat. Even though the core of PaCTEA is a complex chemical engineering model, it is linked to a simple parametrization based on operational parameters. To demonstrate its functionality, simulations were performed to assess the influence of biowaste composition, aeration mode, and ambient temperature on the environmental performance of composting. The LCA results show clear differences between scenarios. Variations in biowaste composition reduced ecosystem quality and natural resource impacts by up to 29% and 52%, and increased human health benefits by nearly 9%. Passive aeration outperformed active aeration, improving ecosystem quality by up to 175% and human health benefits by 35%, while reducing natural resource impacts by 50%. Composting at 5°C increased ecosystem quality and resource impacts by up to 32% and 7%, and reduced human health benefits by about 5% compared to 25°C.

堆肥是一种广泛使用的管理和增值生物废物的方法。生命周期评价（LCA）是评价其环境影响的常用方法。目前用于生命周期清单建模的方法往往过于简化所涉及的复杂的物理、化学和生物过程。本研究引入了参数化堆肥环境评估工具（PaCTEA），该工具旨在更好地捕捉生物废弃物组成变化和操作参数对堆肥环境影响的影响。PaCTEA集成了一个堆肥模型，该模型可以预测CO2、NH3、CH4和N2O的直接排放，以及所产生的堆肥的营养成分。这种详细的特征可以更准确地估计化肥和泥炭的潜在替代品。尽管PaCTEA的核心是一个复杂的化学工程模型，但它与基于操作参数的简单参数化相关联。为了证明其功能，进行了模拟，以评估生物废物组成、曝气方式和环境温度对堆肥环境性能的影响。LCA结果显示了不同情景之间的明显差异。生物废物组成的变化将生态系统质量和自然资源影响分别降低了29%和52%，并将人类健康效益提高了近9%。被动曝气优于主动曝气，将生态系统质量提高了175%，将人类健康效益提高了35%，同时将自然资源影响降低了50%。与25°C相比，5°C的堆肥使生态系统质量和资源影响分别增加了32%和7%，并使人类健康效益减少了约5%。

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引用次数: 0

Waste–to–waste valorization: Sustainable palladium recovery from real spent catalytic converter leachates using chicken feathers 废物对废物增值：利用鸡毛从真正的催化转化器废渗滤液中可持续回收钯

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2026.115349

Amir Nobahar , Flavia N. Braga , Filipe H.B. Sosa , Nicolas Schaeffer , João A.P. Coutinho , Helena Passos

The increasing demand for platinum group metals (PGM), mainly driven by their extensive use in automotive catalytic converters, has heightened the need for efficient and green recovery methods. Simultaneously, the poultry industry generates significant amounts of keratin–rich chicken feathers (CF), which are commonly disposed of by incineration or landfilling, raising environmental concerns. This study explores the use of CF as a sustainable and cost–effective biosorbent for the selective recovery of Pd from synthetic multimetallic solutions and HCl–based spent autocatalytic converters leachates. Adsorption experiments revealed that the optimal Pd uptake (14.10 ± 0.31) mg.g⁻¹ was achieved at 0.2 M HCl (pH ∼ 0.79), while 2 M HCl provided the highest selectivity towards Pd over other metals. Adsorption kinetics followed a pseudo–second–order model, indicating chemisorption as the dominant mechanism, and Langmuir isotherm analysis yielded a Pd adsorption capacity of (19.61 ± 1.31) mg.g⁻¹. Desorption tests demonstrated ∼100% Pd recovery using 0.2 M thiourea + 0.5 M HCl solution. Characterization of the CF by Raman and solid–state UV–Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, SEM−EDX, and XPS confirmed the interaction of Pd with disulfide bonds and protonated amino groups as Pd–chloride complexes. Bench–scale trials on HCl–based leachates with an optimized CF to leachate ratio achieved near–complete Pd separation in a single adsorption step with high purity, highlighting the robustness and selectivity of this method under realistic conditions. Pd was successfully desorbed from CF by acidified thiourea solution, offering added value for catalytic applications.

由于铂族金属在汽车催化转化器中的广泛应用，对铂族金属（PGM）的需求不断增加，对高效和绿色回收方法的需求日益增加。同时，家禽业产生大量富含角蛋白的鸡毛（CF），这些鸡毛通常通过焚烧或填埋处理，引起了环境问题。本研究探索了将CF作为一种可持续的、具有成本效益的生物吸附剂，用于从合成多金属溶液和盐酸自催化转化器废渗滤液中选择性回收Pd。吸附实验表明，在0.2 M HCl （pH ~ 0.79）条件下，Pd的最佳吸收量为（14.10±0.31）mg.g−1，而2 M HCl对Pd的选择性高于其他金属。吸附动力学符合准二级模型，表明化学吸附是主要机理，Langmuir等温线分析得出Pd的吸附量为（19.61±1.31）mg.g−1。解吸试验表明，使用0.2 M硫脲+ 0.5 M盐酸溶液，Pd回收率为~ 100%。通过拉曼光谱、固相紫外可见光谱、红外光谱、扫描电镜- EDX和XPS表征，证实了钯与二硫键和质子化氨基之间的相互作用是钯-氯配合物。在优化的滤出液比条件下对盐酸渗滤液进行了实验，实现了单步吸附几乎完全分离Pd，且纯度高，突出了该方法在现实条件下的稳健性和选择性。通过酸化硫脲溶液成功地从CF中解吸Pd，为催化应用提供了附加价值。

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引用次数: 0