Waste management最新文献_第3页

Pharmaceutical waste management legislations: Where do ASEAN countries stand in harmonization? A review of regulatory documents

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2025-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2025.01.039

Binaya Sapkota, Agamutu Pariatamby

Although healthcare waste management (HCWM) legislations prevail in Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), there appears a prominent gap in standalone pharmaceutical waste management (PWM) legislation making harmonization of PWM challenging in the region. This review is aimed to comprehensively overview the PWM-related legislations in ASEAN, comprising of 10 economically rising countries in Southeast Asia. The relevant regulatory documents, that were promulgated till August 31, 2024 and that were in English or officially translated in English, were extracted from PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and respective country’s government websites. The documents were considered suitable based on their relevance, accessibility, and timeliness. The policy analysis revealed that all Member States in ASEAN lack specific legislations on PWM, and are managing pharmaceutical waste (PW) within the umbrella legislation of HCWM or biomedical waste management. The review discussed implications of joint ASEAN legislations, relevant guiding principles of waste management, and international guidelines relevant to PWM such as Basel Convention, Stockholm Convention, and the status of their endorsement in ASEAN. Some ASEAN countries such as Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam have established infrastructures and regulatory setup for HCWM but still lack specific PWM legislations. ASEAN can foster harmonized legislative frameworks, facilities and technologies in PWM, raising public awareness and active participation to mitigate PW problem. The hard laws such as Acts, regulations, and ordinances are definitely aimed for PWM in ASEAN, but at least harmonized soft laws in the form of guidelines are imperative to harmonize PWM practice.

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引用次数: 0

Impact of C/N/P dietary nutrient on manure characteristics: Pollutant fractions and microbial community

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2025.01.026

Hongyong Fan , Olusegun K. Abass , Chaoxiang Liu , Chenghao Li , Yingjie Sun , Huawei Wang , Wushan Chen

Regulation of labile fraction of excreted manure represents a promising advance for environmental pollution mitigation. However, investigation of the properties of various pollutant fractions within manure and potential influence of dietary nutrient fractions on the release of labile manure remains unclear. Feeding trials involving pigs at three distinct growth stages fed by diets with nine different energy levels were conducted and the characteristics of labile manure generated under various treatments based on nutrient profiles were analyzed. The impact of dietary nutrient fractions on variables such as labile manure pollutants, pig performance, manure weight and dominant microorganisms were evaluated via theoretical modeling and correlation analysis. The results indicated that critical dietary nutrient factors such as dietary C fraction, protein N-materials and dietary P fraction varied respectively with pig growth stages. The labile manure composition and proportion were influenced by dietary C/N/P fractions and indigestible components, through regulation of the structure of the gut microbiota and the relative abundance of gut microbes. This study finds that initiating dietary regulatory measures could effectively control the release of labile manure and reduce its proportion in the overall manure and thus, provides a novel approach to achieve manure source pollution control, ensure environmental-friendly diet formula and mitigate manure-related environmental pollution.

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引用次数: 0

Discussion on “Potential improvement in the mechanical performance and thermal resistance of geopolymer with appropriate microplastic incorporation: A sustainable solution for recycling and reusing microplastics”

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2025.01.041

Mrunal S. Bokade, Surender Singh, Devendra Narain Singh

We read with great interest the paper by Xie et al. (2024) that describes the methodology for recycling and reusing microplastics, MPs, by utilizing it into the geopolymer, GP, matrix made from fly ash, FA, and ground granulated blast furnace slag, GGBFS. The GP was created by activating the FA and GGBFS (7:3 ratio) using 16 M NaOH. Herein the MPs of various sizes (viz. 50, 150, and 500 µm) and varying percentages (viz. 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10) were encapsulated in the GP matrix and further, they were cured at 40 and 80 ^˚C for 24 h and later at ambient temperatures. Several experiments were performed to investigate the physical (viz. bulk density, fluidity, thermal resistance), mechanical (viz. compressive strength, flexural strength), mineralogical, and microstructural properties of synthesized GP. Furthermore, these samples were exposed to elevated temperatures viz. 200, 400, and 600 ^˚C to investigate the effect of MPs on the thermal resistance of GP matrix. Although, Xie et al. (2024) have presented some intriguing findings, however there are serious issues concerning the proposed ideology and subsequently, its justification, which the authors would like to highlight through this discussion.

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引用次数: 0

Performance of nano zero-valent iron activated peroxydisulfates prepared by carbothermal reduction using various bagasse components

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2025-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2025.01.038

Chengjie Xue , Yifu Peng , Zhanqiang Fang , Peichun Lu , Junyao Yang

Biomass has been utilized in the carbothermal reduction method to reduce iron cations, thereby synthesizing nano zero-valent iron (nZVI). The effect of the biomass components on the regulation of the performance of prepared nZVI is not clear and the mechanism of action remains to be explored. Biomass components such as cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and amylum were used to prepare carbon-loaded nano zero-valent iron. It was demonstrated that increasing the cellulose content of the mixture led to higher Fe⁰ content by 2–6 times and a greater activation efficiency of peroxydisulfate (PDS) by 2–5 times. nZVI prepared by carbothermal reduction using bagasse (Fe⁰/CB) removed 99.8 % of metronidazole in 60 min. The bagasse’s cellulose content was found to be 59.5 % and the results demonstrated that the composites prepared with the cellulose content exceeded 60 % had unusual properties. The pyrolysis process of the mixtures showed that cellulose promotes the production of nZVI by generating more reducing gases (e.g. CO, CH₄). Furthermore, the efficiency of activated PDS in removing metronidazole was confirmed, with cellulose-prepared nZVI (c-Fe⁰/C) proving to be the most effective activator. Its removal rate was 1.3 times higher than that of Fe⁰/CB. Physical characterization and mechanistic investigations demonstrated that c-Fe⁰/C has the same active sites as Fe⁰/CB and produces the same type and amount of reactive oxygen species. These demonstrates that cellulose is a critical component in the preparation of nZVI during carbothermal reduction. This study provides guidelines for preparing carbothermal reduced nZVI and establishes a theoretical basis for its engineering application.

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引用次数: 0

Monitoring of greenhouse gas emissions and compost quality during olive mill waste co-composting at industrial scale: The effect of N and C sources 工业规模橄榄厂废弃物共堆肥过程中温室气体排放和堆肥质量监测：N和C源的影响。

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.11.039

Ana García-Rández , Luciano Orden , Evan A.N. Marks , Javier Andreu-Rodríguez , Samuel Franco-Luesma , Encarnación Martínez-Sabater , José Antonio Saéz-Tovar , María Dolores Pérez-Murcia , Enrique Agulló , María Ángeles Bustamante , Maite Cháfer , Raúl Moral

Olive mill wastes (OMW) management by composting allows to obtain valuable fertilizing products, but also implies significant fluxes of greenhouse gases (GHG). For a proper OMW composting, high C- and N co-substrates are necessary, but little is known concerning their effect on GHG emissions in OMW-industrial scale composting. In this study, different co-composting agents (cattle manure (CM), poultry manure (PM), sheep manure (SM) and pig slurry solid fraction (PSSF) as N sources and olive leaves (OLW) and urban pruning residues (UPR) as bulking agents and C sources) were used for OMW composting at industrial scale. Physico-chemical and chemical properties in the composting samples, and GHG (CO₂, CH₄ and N₂O) fluxes were monitored in 12 industrial-scale windrows. GHG emissions were firstly influenced by N source, with the highest accumulated global warming potential (GWP) associated with PM (512 kg CO₂eq pile^-1), since PM composts were associated with the greatest N₂O (0.33 kg pile^-1) and CH₄ emissions (15.67 kg pile^-1). Meanwhile, PSSF was associated with the highest CO₂ emissions (1113 kg pile^-1). UPR as a bulking agent facilitated 10 % greater mineralization of the biomass than OLW, however this C-source was not associated with higher GHG emissions. The results showed that while mineralization dynamics may be impacted by C sources, GHG emissions were mainly conditioned by the characteristics of nutrient-heavy feedstocks (PM and SM). Moreover, manures as nitrogen-laden co-substrates had widely differing effects on total GWP, and that of individual gases, but further research is necessary to understand the mechanisms explaining such differences.

通过堆肥管理橄榄厂废物（OMW）可以获得有价值的肥料产品，但也意味着大量的温室气体（GHG）通量。高碳、高氮共基质对于合理的OMW堆肥是必要的，但它们对OMW工业规模堆肥中温室气体排放的影响知之甚少。本研究采用牛粪（CM）、禽粪（PM）、羊粪（SM）和猪浆固体组分（PSSF）作为N源，橄榄叶（OLW）和城市修剪残渣（UPR）作为膨化剂和C源，在工业规模上进行了OMW堆肥。在12个工业尺度窗口中监测了堆肥样品的物理化学和化学性质以及温室气体（CO2， CH4和N2O）通量。温室气体排放首先受到N源的影响，累积全球变暖潜势（GWP）与PM相关（512 kg CO2eq pile-1）最高，因为PM堆肥与最大的N2O （0.33 kg pile-1）和CH4 （15.67 kg pile-1）相关。同时，PSSF与最高的CO2排放量（1113 kg桩-1）相关。UPR作为膨胀剂比OLW促进了10%的生物质矿化，但这种碳源与更高的温室气体排放无关。结果表明，矿化动态受碳源影响，而温室气体排放主要受重养分原料（PM和SM）的影响。此外，作为含氮共基质的肥料对总GWP和单个气体的影响差异很大，但需要进一步研究以了解解释这种差异的机制。

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引用次数: 0

An electricity-powered future for mixed plastic waste chemical recycling 混合塑料废物化学回收的电力驱动未来。

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.12.003

Stavros A. Theofanidis , Evangelos Delikonstantis , Vasileia-Loukia Yfanti , Vladimir V. Galvita , Angeliki A. Lemonidou , Kevin Van Geem

In contemporary times, global plastic waste production has doubled in comparison to two decades ago, with only 9% effectively recycled. The polymer industry is undergoing a transition to address the disparity between plastic production and end-of-life waste management. Chemical recycling offers a solution by converting plastic waste into its constituent building blocks, or monomers, which can be utilized in the production of new, high-quality plastics. This concise review provides an overview of conventional chemical recycling technologies employing heated reactors, before delving into ongoing efforts towards electrifying the chemical recycling process. A conceptual framework for a fully electrified value chain aimed at achieving plastics circularity is outlined and analyzed. Additionally, attention is given to the challenges posed by industry inertia towards adopting electrified technologies, as well as performance issues stemming from the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources and the availability of long-duration renewable electricity storage options.

当代，全球塑料废物产量与20年前相比翻了一番，其中只有9%得到有效回收。聚合物行业正在经历转型，以解决塑料生产和报废废物管理之间的差距。化学回收提供了一种解决方案，将塑料废物转化为其组成单元或单体，可用于生产新的高质量塑料。在深入研究电气化化学回收过程之前，本文简要介绍了采用加热反应器的传统化学回收技术。概述并分析了旨在实现塑料循环的全电气化价值链的概念框架。此外，还关注了采用电气化技术的行业惯性所带来的挑战，以及可再生能源的间歇性和长期可再生电力存储选择的可用性所带来的性能问题。

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引用次数: 0

Enhancing the sustainability of rubber materials: Dual benefits of wet mixing technology and recycled rubber’s honeycomb reinforcement structure 增强橡胶材料的可持续性：湿式混合技术和再生橡胶的蜂窝加固结构的双重好处。

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.12.012

Maohui Wang , Zhanfu Yong

The world’s three leading tire manufacturers have proposed specific timelines for using recycled materials. For instance, Michelin targets an increase in the proportion of sustainable materials in tires to 40 % by 2030 and aims to produce 100 % of its tires from bio-based, renewable, or recyclable materials as of 2050. In such a context, this study introduced wet mixing technology to apply recycled rubber (RR) in highly wear-resistant tire tread compounds. This technique leverages the rubber’s inherent crosslink density to enhance the mechanical performance of final products. The results indicated that wet mixing effectively addressed the high viscosity issue of RR. In the traditional dry mixing method, physical blending typically results in large particle sizes and suboptimal performance. In contrast, wet mixing reduced the rubber’s hysteresis loss by 75 % and improved its rebound performance by 35.6 % at 23 °C, 60 °C, and 100 °C compared to traditional dry mixing. DIN volume abrasion was also reduced by 23.3 %. Remarkably, Akron abrasion nearly doubled its effect. Additionally, wet mixing regulated aggregate structure and formed a densely packed honeycomb-like structure within RR. Incorporating RR using wet mixing demonstrates noticeable advantages in carbon black/natural rubber/RR composite materials. This approach also presents a viable path to sustainable development in the rubber manufacturing industry.

世界三大轮胎制造商已经提出了使用回收材料的具体时间表。例如，米其林的目标是到2030年将轮胎中可持续材料的比例提高到40%，并计划到2050年100%使用生物基、可再生或可回收材料生产轮胎。在此背景下，本研究引入湿法混炼技术，将再生橡胶（RR）应用于高耐磨轮胎胎面胶中。这种技术利用橡胶固有的交联密度来提高最终产品的机械性能。结果表明，湿法混合有效地解决了RR的高粘度问题。在传统的干混合方法中，物理混合通常会导致大颗粒尺寸和次优性能。与传统干混相比，湿混在23°C、60°C和100°C时，橡胶的迟滞损失降低了75%，回弹性能提高了35.6%。DIN体积磨损也减少了23.3%。值得注意的是，阿克伦磨损的效果几乎翻了一番。此外，湿搅拌调节了骨料结构，形成了密集的蜂窝状结构。在炭黑/天然橡胶/RR复合材料中使用湿法混合加入RR显示出明显的优势。这种方法也为橡胶制造业的可持续发展提供了一条可行的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Predicting the composition of solid waste at the county scale 县域固体废物组成预测。

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.12.002

Joshua T. Grassel , Adolfo R. Escobedo , Rajesh Buch

The primary goals of this paper are to facilitate data-driven decision making in solid waste management (SWM) and to support the transition towards a circular economy, by providing estimates of the composition and quantity of waste. To that end, it introduces a novel two-phase strategy for predicting municipal solid waste (MSW). The first phase predicts the waste composition, the second phase predicts the total quantity, and the two predictions are combined to give a comprehensive waste estimate. This novel approach overcomes limitations of existing methods that rely on material-specific quantity data, facilitating the prediction of dozens of waste material streams; existing methods typically classify MSW into no more than 10 categories, and often reduce it to a single aggregate total. To implement this strategy, the proposed study utilizes publicly available data encompassing demographic, economic, and spatial predictors, in conjunction with waste sampling reports. In addition, it develops a Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression model to estimate the MSW composition across 43 comprehensive material categories. The LASSO model is designed to predict MSW composition distinctly from quantity. The model’s capability is demonstrated through case studies, showcasing its potential to provide detailed waste estimates at the U.S. county level.

本文的主要目标是通过提供对废物组成和数量的估计，促进固体废物管理（SWM）中数据驱动的决策，并支持向循环经济的过渡。为此，本文提出了一种新的两阶段城市固体废物预测策略。第一阶段预测废物组成，第二阶段预测总量，两种预测相结合，给出一个综合的废物估计。这种新颖的方法克服了现有方法依赖于特定材料数量数据的局限性，促进了对数十种废物流的预测；现有的方法通常将都市固体废物分为不超过10个类别，并经常将其减少到单一的总量。为了实施这一战略，拟议的研究利用了包括人口、经济和空间预测因素在内的公开数据，并结合废物抽样报告。此外，它还开发了最小绝对收缩和选择算子（LASSO）回归模型来估计43种综合材料类别的城市生活垃圾成分。LASSO模型被设计用来预测城市固体垃圾的组成和数量。通过案例研究证明了该模型的能力，展示了它在美国县级提供详细废物估算的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Climate change impacts of biological treatment of liquid digestate from the anaerobic digestion of food waste 对食物垃圾厌氧消化产生的液态沼渣进行生物处理对气候变化的影响。

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.12.013

A.S. Varling, V. Chrysochoidis, V. Bisinella, B. Valverde-Pérez, T.H. Christensen

The liquid fraction of digestate (LFD) from anaerobic digestion of food waste contains high nitrogen concentrations, and in some countries, the LFD is treated as wastewater. We modelled alternative LFD treatments, including pretreatment with the partial nitritation Anammox (PNA) process. The PNA effluent is discharged to the sewers to undergo further treatment by conventional nitrification and (post- or pre-) denitrification. Life-cycle inventories were developed for the LFD treatment alternatives, including N₂O emissions and electricity consumption estimates. The climate change (CC) impact was estimated using life cycle assessment in three different energy systems ranging from fossil-based to fully renewable. In the fossil energy system, pretreatment with PNA was attractive, while in the more renewable energy systems, the PNA process did not improve the CC account due to high N₂O emissions. Pre-denitrification is the most attractive LFD treatment technology in a fully renewable energy system. Linking the LFD treatment to the anaerobic digestion of food waste showed that LFD treatment is a significant contributor to the overall CC account. As we move towards less fossil-based electricity, the anaerobic digestion of food waste constitutes a CC load of 350–450 kg CO₂-eq/tonne biowaste, of which up to a third can be attributed to the LFD treatment. The N₂O emissions are the main contributor, constituting up to 50 % in a fossil-based energy system and even higher in a renewable energy system. We conclude that the LFD treatment must be addressed in assessing anaerobic digestion when the LFD is discharged to the sewer. Our study also points to the need to find alternative ways of managing the LFD.

来自食物垃圾厌氧消化的消化液（LFD）含有高浓度氮，在一些国家，LFD被当作废水处理。我们模拟了几种LFD处理方法，包括部分硝化厌氧氨氧化（PNA）工艺的预处理。PNA废水被排放到下水道，通过常规硝化和（后或预）反硝化进行进一步处理。开发了LFD处理方案的生命周期清单，包括N2O排放和电力消耗估算。利用从化石燃料到完全可再生能源的三种不同能源系统的生命周期评估来估计气候变化（CC）的影响。在化石能源系统中，PNA预处理是有吸引力的，而在更多的可再生能源系统中，由于N2O的高排放，PNA过程并没有改善CC账户。预反硝化是全可再生能源系统中最具吸引力的LFD处理技术。将LFD处理与食物垃圾的厌氧消化联系起来表明，LFD处理是总体CC账户的重要贡献者。随着我们转向更少的化石燃料电力，食物垃圾的厌氧消化构成了每吨生物垃圾350-450千克二氧化碳当量的CC负荷，其中高达三分之一可归因于LFD处理。一氧化二氮的排放是主要的贡献者，在化石能源系统中占50%，在可再生能源系统中甚至更高。我们的结论是，当LFD排放到下水道时，在评估厌氧消化时必须解决LFD处理问题。我们的研究还指出，需要找到管理LFD的替代方法。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring urban scenarios of individual residential waste sorting using a spatially explicit agent-based model 利用空间显式主体模型探索个人生活垃圾分类的城市场景。

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.12.020

Jonathan Cohen, Jorge Gil, Leonardo Rosado

Managing the diverse waste fractions generated by households presents a significant environmental and logistical challenge. One widely adopted solution is waste sorting at the source, where residents are required to separate their waste into designated containers. The success of this strategy depends on the extent of adoption and the behaviour of residents. Waste separation is a complex activity influenced by various interrelated factors. While the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) has been effectively applied to characterise waste-sorting behaviour, it primarily focuses on internal psychological mechanisms, often overlooking environmental factors such as the placement of waste bins or the condition of sorting stations—critical elements for spatial planning. To bridge this gap, this study presents an agent-based model (ABM) that simulates residential waste sorting in urban scenarios, incorporating TPB for the agents’ behavioural architecture (residents). Three features distinguish this ABM from previous efforts: (i) Agents in the model are residents and not aggregated households, allowing for a one-to-one integration with TPB; (ii) the ABM bridges the gap between individual waste sorting behaviour extracted by TPB and outcomes quantifiable through waste sorting metrics; and (iii) the ABM is spatially explicit, enabling the exploration of various urban scenarios.

The ABM was applied to two urban areas with differing population densities, demonstrating that changes in bin placement impacts sorting behaviour, and proximity to recyclable waste bins influences the correct sorting of residual waste. This study illustrates how modelling the interaction between the urban environment and waste sorting behaviour can reveal the impact of individual residents’ actions on overall waste sorting performance.

管理家庭产生的各种废物馏分是一项重大的环境和后勤挑战。一种被广泛采用的解决方案是在源头进行垃圾分类，要求居民将垃圾分类到指定的容器中。这一战略的成功取决于采用的程度和居民的行为。垃圾分类是一项复杂的活动，受到各种相互关联的因素的影响。虽然计划行为理论（TPB）已被有效地应用于描述垃圾分类行为，但它主要关注内部心理机制，往往忽略了环境因素，如垃圾箱的放置或分拣站的条件，而这些因素是空间规划的关键因素。为了弥补这一差距，本研究提出了一个基于主体的模型（ABM），该模型模拟了城市场景下的生活垃圾分类，并将TPB纳入主体（居民）的行为架构中。该ABM与以往的研究有三个不同之处：(i)模型中的代理人是居民，而不是聚集的家庭，允许与城市规划局进行一对一的整合；（ii）废物分类标准弥补了城规会收集的个人废物分类行为与废物分类指标可量化的结果之间的差距；（iii） ABM在空间上是明确的，可以探索不同的城市场景。ABM应用于两个人口密度不同的城市地区，表明垃圾箱放置位置的变化会影响分类行为，靠近可回收垃圾箱会影响剩余废物的正确分类。本研究说明了如何建立城市环境与垃圾分类行为之间相互作用的模型，从而揭示居民个人行为对整体垃圾分类绩效的影响。

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引用次数: 0