Zoonoses and Public Health最新文献

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Entomological, parasitological and molecular investigations in a new focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Youssoufia region, Morocco 摩洛哥优素菲亚地区皮肤利什曼病新病灶的昆虫学、寄生虫学和分子研究

IF 2.4 2区农林科学 Q1 Veterinary

Zoonoses and Public Health

Pub Date : 2023-12-17 DOI: 10.1111/zph.13105

Mounia Amane, Sara El Mazini, Mohamed Echchakery, Mohamed Hafidi, Meryem Lemrani, Samia Boussaa

Background and Aims

Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical infection caused by Leishmania parasite that affect human and animal. In Morocco, the cutaneous leishmaniasis has spread substantially to the new areas. The surveillance limited to active foci may underestimate the occurrence of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). This study aims to investigate the local transmission of CL in rural districts of Youssoufia province, central Morocco, as a potential focus of CL.

Methods

For this purpose, parasitological, molecular and entomological investigations were carried out in this area. Data collection concerns potential vectors and human cases. Thus, 402 patients were examined for suspected leishmaniasis lesions in three localities of the province of Youssoufia. In these same localities, 983 sand flies were collected by CDC light traps and sticky paper during one-night per month during 6 months. These sand flies were all identified morphologically using the Moroccan identification key.

Results

The results showed that among the 25 skin lesions detected in a population of 402 individuals, 18 were confirmed by kDNA nested PCR as CL positive patients, of which only 25% were positive by direct examination. Leishmania tropica and Leishmania major were identified as causative agents of CL in the study area. Direct parasitological examination showed a low sensitivity (27.78%), especially for L. major, although its specificity was evaluated at 100%. Regarding entomological results, both genera of the Moroccan sand fly were collected in the study area: Genus/Phlebotomus (75.28%) and Sergentomyia (24.72%). Phlebotomus (P) papatasi, the proven vector of L. major, was the most abundant species (33.98%), followed by Paralongicollum sergenti (22.58%), the confirmed vector of L. tropica; while Sergentomyia (S) minuta, P. longicuspis, S. fallax and P. kazeruni were collected with, respectively, 17.60%, 16.99%, 7.12% and 1.73%.

Conclusion

This study constitutes the first report of CL in the study areas, as well as the coexistence of L. tropica and L. major in these rural localities. Local transmission of CL is highly probable, as indicated by the prevalence of the two proven vectors of L. major and L. tropica. To control the spread of this disease, our results suggest the use of highly sensitive molecular methods to detect CL cases in potential leishmaniasis foci, whi

利什曼病是一种被忽视的热带传染病，由利什曼寄生虫引起，影响人类和动物。在摩洛哥，皮肤利什曼病已大幅蔓延到新的地区。仅限于活动病灶的监测可能会低估皮肤利什曼病（CL）的发生率。本研究旨在调查摩洛哥中部优素菲亚省农村地区皮肤利什曼病的本地传播情况，因为该地区可能是皮肤利什曼病的重点地区。

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引用次数: 0

New insight into genetic diversity of zoonotic-potential Ancylostoma ceylanicum in stray cats living in Bangkok, Thailand, based on deep amplicon sequencing 基于深度扩增片段测序对泰国曼谷流浪猫中具有人畜共患病潜质的塞兰猫疽基因多样性的新认识。

IF 2.4 2区农林科学 Q1 Veterinary

Zoonoses and Public Health

Pub Date : 2023-12-05 DOI: 10.1111/zph.13102

Wanarit Jitsamai, Patchana Kamkong, Rebecca J. Traub, Piyanan Taweethavonsawat

Aims

This study aimed to characterize feline hookworms from stray cats living in Bangkok.

Methods and Results

A total of 56 hookworm-positive faecal samples were identified for hookworm species by using PCR targeting the ITS1, 5.8S, and ITS2 fragment and qPCR targeting ITS2. Of 56 samples, 96.4% (54/56) were identified as Ancylostoma ceylanicum and 1.8% (1/56) as Ancylostoma caninum. With qPCR, 89.3% (50/56) were identified as single A. ceylanicum infection and 5.4% (3/56) as coinfection of A. ceylanicum and A. caninum. For genetic characterization of A. ceylanicum, 10 samples were pooled, and the partial COI gene was amplified, followed by deep amplicon sequencing. Five pooled samples were analysed, and 99.73% were identified with A. ceylanicum sequences, which were allocated into 19 haplotypes (AC01-AC19). Genetic diversity findings for A. ceylanicum in Asia revealed that three of eight haplotypes considered of zoonotic significance occurred in humans, dogs, and cats, including haplotypes H01, H20, and H21. The predominant haplotype in this study, AC01, was clustered with H01-a zoonotic haplotype.

Conclusions

The diversity obtained by deep amplicon sequencing supported that the A. ceylanicum community had high genetic variation. Deep amplicon sequencing was a useful method to determine source, zoonotic potential, and host–parasite relationship.

目的：本研究旨在分析曼谷流浪猫体内钩虫的特征：通过针对 ITS1、5.8S 和 ITS2 片段的 PCR 和针对 ITS2 的 qPCR，共对 56 份钩虫阳性粪便样本进行了钩虫种类鉴定。在 56 份样本中，96.4%（54/56）被鉴定为 Ancylostoma ceylanicum，1.8%（1/56）被鉴定为 Ancylostoma caninum。通过 qPCR，89.3%（50/56）被确定为单个 A. ceylanicum 感染，5.4%（3/56）被确定为 A. ceylanicum 和 A. caninum 共感染。为了确定 A. ceylanicum 的基因特征，将 10 个样本集中起来，扩增部分 COI 基因，然后进行深度扩增片段测序。对 5 个样本进行了分析，99.73% 的样本与 A. ceylanicum 的序列进行了鉴定，并将其分为 19 个单倍型 (AC01-AC19)。亚洲 A. ceylanicum 的遗传多样性结果显示，被认为具有人畜共患病意义的 8 个单倍型中有 3 个出现在人、狗和猫身上，包括单倍型 H01、H20 和 H21。本研究中的主要单倍型 AC01 与人畜共患单倍型 H01 聚类：结论：通过深度扩增片段测序获得的多样性表明，A. ceylanicum 群落具有较高的遗传变异。深度扩增片段测序是确定来源、人畜共患病可能性和宿主与寄生虫关系的有效方法。

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引用次数: 0

New records of Rhipicephalus linnaei infected by Rickettsia massiliae from Central Mexico 墨西哥中部受 Rickettsia massiliae 感染的 Rhipicephalus linnaei 的新记录。

IF 2.4 2区农林科学 Q1 Veterinary

Zoonoses and Public Health

Pub Date : 2023-12-05 DOI: 10.1111/zph.13101

José Francisco Nieto-Cabrales, Beatriz Salceda-Sánchez, Héctor M. Zazueta-Islas, Marlene Solís-Cortés, Magaly Guadalupe Landa-Flores, Juan Carlos del Mazo-López, Laura Valtierra-Alzaga, Juan J. Soto-Gutiérrez, Heron Huerta-Jimenez, Ingeborg Becker, Jorge J. Rodríguez-Rojas, Sokani Sánchez-Montes

Background

On the American continent, Rhipicephalus sanguineus s.l. comprises two species: Rhipicephalus linnaei and R. sanguineus s.s. Each species has been identified as a potential vector of at least one of five species of pathogenic bacteria of the genus Rickettsia. In particular, Rickettsia massiliae is one of three species with the greatest importance in public health at the continental level. In Mexico, this species is reported exclusively in the Nearctic states of Baja California and Chihuahua.

Aim

For this reason, the aim of this work was to provide new records of R. massiliae for the centre of the country derived from active acarological surveillance.

Materials and Methods

During the period of February–October 2019, 29 dogs from six municipalities in the state of Morelos were sampled. Hosts were visually inspected, and ticks were recovered and identified morphologically and molecularly by amplification of the 16S rDNA gene. Subsequently, five genes from members of the genus Rickettsia were amplified and sequenced.