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Локализация и зарядовое состояние ионов металла в углеродных наноструктурах пиролизата дифталоцианина европия 欧罗巴二丁酸丁酸激光剂在碳纳米结构中的金属离子的定位和充电状态
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.21883/jtf.2023.06.55603.278-22
В. С. Козлов, В. Г. Семенов, А. А. Быков, В. Ю. Байрамуков
In the experiments of Mössbauer spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) the morphology and structurization of the carbon phase, the charge state of europium and the dynamic properties of europium bis-phthalocyanine pyrolysed derivatives, including the Debye temperature, were revealed. It was found that the pyrolysis of europium bis-pthalocyanine resulted in the amorphous carbon matrix and nanoscaled graphene clusters both forming turbostratic carbon phase. The europium ions in the charge state Eu3+/Eu2+ were detected. The data indicated that localization of Eu ions took place between layers of graphenes similar to graphite intercalation compounds. It was shown that an isomeric shift, linewidths and the magnitude of the resonant absorption are essential characteristics of structural transformations at the pyrolysis of rare earth bis-phthalocyanines.
通过Mössbauer光谱、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和原子力显微镜(AFM)等实验,揭示了碳相的形貌和结构、铕的电荷态以及铕-酞菁热解衍生物的动力学性质(包括德拜温度)。研究发现,在双酞菁铕的热解过程中,非晶态碳基体和纳米级石墨烯团簇均形成涡层碳相。检测了带电态Eu3+/Eu2+的铕离子。数据表明,Eu离子的定位发生在石墨烯层之间,类似于石墨插层化合物。结果表明,同分异构体位移、谱宽和共振吸收大小是稀土双酞菁热解过程中结构转变的基本特征。
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引用次数: 0
Исследование деформации композитных материалов на основе метастабильных сплавов системы железо-хром-никель методом корреляции цифровых изображений 用数字图像相关方法研究金属-铬-镍系统亚稳定合金的复合材料变形
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.21883/jtf.2023.08.55977.84-23
Э. Д. Ишкиняев, А. В. Осинцев, В. Н. Петровский, В. Д. Воронов, Е. Н. Блинова, М. А. Либман
This study consideres application of the digital image correlation method for estimating the relative deformations of composite materials obtained with the use of thermal treatment by laser radiation. The use of this technology made it possible to determine the mechanical properties of materials containing macroscopic austenite regions distributed in the martensite matrix according to a given law. The evolution of strain fields that occur when a load is applied to the samples under study is determined. The influence of the shapes and sizes of regions with high plastic properties (austenite) on the integral mechanical characteristics of composite materials has been studied.
本研究考虑应用数字图像相关方法估计激光热处理复合材料的相对变形。利用该技术,可以根据一定规律确定分布在马氏体基体中含有宏观奥氏体区的材料的力学性能。当一个载荷被施加到所研究的样品上时,应变场的演变是确定的。研究了高塑性区(奥氏体)的形状和尺寸对复合材料整体力学性能的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Дополнение к статье "Генерация гармоник в экспериментах с лазерами на свободных электронах в рентгеновском диапазоне --- теоретический анализ" (2021, том 91, вып. 3, с. 495--504) 除了“在x射线范围内的自由电子实验中产生谐波——理论分析”(2021卷,91卷,ppt)。3c 495
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.21883/jtf.2023.06.55612.pravka1
К. В. Жуковский
The plots of the theoretically calculated spectral lines for some free electron lasers (FELs) are presented and explained. The plots allow evaluation of the spectral line width rather than showing real shape of the radiation line.
给出了一些自由电子激光器的理论计算谱线图,并作了说明。这些图允许评估谱线宽度,而不是显示辐射线的真实形状。
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引用次数: 0
Развитие и обобщение метода отражений в задачах электростатики и теплопроводности плоскослоистых сред 平面介质电阻问题和热传导方法的发展和概括
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.21883/jtf.2023.03.54842.251-22
А. Б. Петрин
The method of mirror reflections of electrostatics for a point charge located next to a plane-layered medium consisting of a single film on a dielectric half-space is formulated. The method is generalized to the case of an arbitrary system of charges. The proposed approach is applied to mathematically similar problems of electrostatics and stationary heat conduction of plane-layered media. In particular, the problems of finding distributions of the electrostatic potential around a conducting sphere, an ellipsoid of revolution and a drop-shaped body located near the dielectric film on the dielectric half-space. It is shown how to apply the results obtained for electrostatic problems to similar problems of finding the temperature distribution of uniformly heated bodies of the same geometry located near a heat-conducting film in a heat-conducting half-space.
对介电半空间上由单一薄膜组成的平面层状介质旁的点电荷,提出了静电镜反射的方法。该方法推广到任意电荷系统的情况。该方法适用于平面层状介质的静电和静止热传导等数学上相似的问题。特别是在介电半空间中,寻找导电球、旋转椭球和靠近介电膜的水滴状体周围的静电势分布的问题。给出了如何将静电问题的结果应用到类似的问题中,即在导热半空间中,寻找位于导热膜附近的相同几何形状的均匀受热体的温度分布。
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引用次数: 1
Дисперсионные элементы зеркального спектрометра на диапазон 7-30 nm 7-30 nm范围内镜摄谱仪分散元件
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.21883/jtf.2023.07.55760.60-23
С. А. Гарахин, A.Я. Лопатин, А. Н. Нечай, А.А. Перекалов, А. Е. Пестов, Николай Николаевич Салащенко, Н. Н. Цыбин, Николай Иванович Чхало
Multilayer interference structures acting as dispersion elements for a mirror spectrometer for a wavelength range of 7-30 nm have been calculated and synthesized. Three elements are implemented: for the range λ=7-12 nm – multilayer structure Mo/B4C (periods N=60; period thickness d=6.50 nm); for the range λ=11-18 nm – Mo/Be (N=50; d=9.83 nm) and for the range λ=17-30 nm – Be/Si/Al (N=40; d=18.2 nm). For the entire spectral range, an efficiency of more than 10% was obtained at a wavelength resolution of 0.15-1.0 nm.
计算并合成了7 ~ 30nm波长范围内用作镜面光谱仪色散元件的多层干涉结构。实现了三个元素:λ=7-12 nm范围内的多层结构Mo/B4C(周期N=60;周期厚度d=6.50 nm);λ=11-18 nm - Mo/Be (N=50;d=9.83 nm), λ=17 ~ 30 nm范围内Be/Si/Al (N=40;d = 18.2海里)。在整个光谱范围内,在波长分辨率为0.15-1.0 nm时,效率超过10%。
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引用次数: 0
Кремниевые дифференциальные фотоприемники. Технология, характеристики, применение 硅微分光电接收器技术,特性,应用
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.21883/jtf.2023.09.56223.136o-23
В. В. Гаврушко, А. С. Ионов, О. Р. Кадриев, В. А. Ласткин
A silicon-based photodetector containing two identical n+-p photodiodes is described. One of the photodiodes had a wide spectral response with high sensitivity in the ultraviolet region. The sensitivity of the second was reduced in the short-wavelength part of the spectrum by creating additional recombination centers in the near-surface region by implanting As ions. The spectral sensitivity of the differential signal obtained by subtracting photocurrents had a pronounced short-wavelength characteristic. The long-wavelength limit of the spectral range in terms of the λ0.5 level, depending on the doping dose, was in the range of 0.37 — 0.47 μm. The sensitivity maximum corresponded to λmax=0.32 — 0.37 μm. The electrical and noise characteristics of the photodetector are given. The possibility of using differential photodetectors as two-color ones is shown.
描述了一种包含两个相同的n+-p光电二极管的硅基光电探测器。其中一种光电二极管在紫外区具有宽光谱响应和高灵敏度。通过注入As离子,在近表面区域产生额外的复合中心,降低了光谱短波长部分的灵敏度。通过减去光电流获得的差分信号的光谱灵敏度具有明显的短波长特性。根据掺杂剂量的不同,光谱范围在λ0.5级的长波长极限在0.37 ~ 0.47 μm之间。灵敏度最大值λmax=0.32 ~ 0.37 μm。给出了光电探测器的电学和噪声特性。提出了用差分光电探测器作双色光电探测器的可能性。
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引用次数: 0
Эксперимент по повышению точности квантового нивелира на основе водородных квантовых часов с использованием фазовых измерений ГЛОНАСС/GPS 利用glonass /GPS相位测量来提高量子水准仪的精度实验
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.21883/jtf.2023.08.55981.32-23
В. Ф. Фатеев, Ф.Р. Смирнов, А. А. Карауш
The article investigates the accuracy of measuring the difference of gravitational potentials and orthometric heights with a quantum level based on a hydrogen quantum clock. To improve the accuracy of time scale comparison, the authors propose to use a high-precision method of absolute navigation based on global navigation satellite systems phase measurements with integer ambiguity resolution. With a measurement accumulation interval of about 5 days and the use of mobile quantum clocks with a daily relative instability of the order of 1·10-15, the proposed method allows to measure the difference in orthometric heights and gravitational potentials with an error of 7.7 m and 75.3 m2/s2, respectively. At the same time, it is still possible to reduce the error when using quantum clocks with higher stability and increasing the measurement accumulation interval.
本文研究了基于氢量子钟的量子能级测量重力势差和正交高度差的精度。为了提高时间尺度比较的精度,提出了一种基于全球卫星导航系统相位测量的高精度绝对导航方法,该方法具有整数模糊度分辨率。利用日相对不稳定性为1·10-15量级的移动量子钟,测量累积间隔约为5天,可测量出正极高度差和引力势差,误差分别为7.7 m和75.3 m2/s2。同时,使用稳定性更高的量子时钟,增大测量积累间隔,仍有可能减小误差。
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引用次数: 0
Кремниевые решетки с блеском для мягкого рентгеновского и экстремального ультрафиолетового излучения: влияние формы профиля штриха и случайной шероховатости на дифракционную эффективность 软x射线和极端紫外线辐射的硅晶格:细纹轮廓形状和随机粗糙度对衍射效率的影响
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.21883/jtf.2023.07.55738.66-23
Л. И. Горай, В. А. Шаров, Д.В. Мохов, Т.Н. Березовская, К.Ю. Шубина, Е В Пирогов, А.C. Дашков, А Д Буравлев
The effect of the groove profile shape and random roughness of the reflecting facet of five silicon diffraction gratings (1°-4° blaze angle, period 0.4, 1.4, 2, and 4 μm, various coatings) operating in the soft X-ray and extreme ultraviolet radiation ranges on the outflow of the diffraction efficiency from working orders is studied. Diffraction gratings were fabricated by wet etching of Si(111) vicinal wafers and characterized by atomic force microscopy to determine the shape of the groove profile and roughness. The diffraction efficiency of gratings operating in classical and conical diffraction mounts was calculated based on realistic groove profiles by computer simulation using the PCGrateTM code and taking into account the scattering intensity using Nevot-Croce or Debye-Waller corrections or using the Monte Carlo method (rigorously). The effect of the groove profile shape and roughness on the diffraction efficiency of the fabricated Si gratings is shown.
研究了在软x射线和极紫外辐射范围内工作的5种硅衍射光栅(火焰角为1°~ 4°,周期为0.4、1.4、2和4 μm,不同涂层)的槽型形状和反射面随机粗糙度对衍射效率流出量的影响。采用湿法刻蚀法制备了Si(111)相邻晶片的衍射光栅,并用原子力显微镜对其进行了表征,确定了沟槽的形状和粗糙度。采用PCGrateTM程序,在考虑散射强度的情况下,采用Nevot-Croce或Debye-Waller校正或蒙特卡罗方法(严格地)计算了工作在经典和锥形衍射座上的光栅的衍射效率。研究了沟槽形状和粗糙度对硅光栅衍射效率的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Колебания в промежуточном диапазоне частот в омическом разряде токамака ФТ-2 tokamak f2的中间频率范围波动
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.21883/jtf.2023.05.55457.291-22
В. В. Дьяченко, А. Б. Алтухов, А. Д. Гурченко, Е. З. Гусаков, Л. А. Есипов, А. Н. Коновалов, С. И. Лашкул, А. Ю. Попов
The paper presents observations of plasma intermediate frequency range wave emission ((200-1000) MHz) performed in ohmic discharge of the FT-2 tokamak. The dependencies of the RF signal amplitude and spectrum on the plasma parameters and on the location of the probes are presented. Two possible explanations for this effect is proposed. One of them is related to the distortion of the electron distribution function due to the strong ripple of the magnetic field in the FT-2 tokamak. Second one is related to the existence of a beam of run-away electrons, the buildup of a fan instability responsible for the generation of synchrotron radiation in the range (10-80) GHz, and a complex chain of nonlinear decay instabilities leading to such a strong decrease in the frequency of the observed oscillations.
本文介绍了FT-2托卡马克欧姆放电中等离子体中频波发射(200-1000 MHz)的观测结果。给出了射频信号振幅和频谱与等离子体参数和探针位置的关系。对这种效应提出了两种可能的解释。其中之一与FT-2托卡马克中磁场的强纹波引起的电子分布函数畸变有关。第二个问题与一束失控电子束的存在、导致同步辐射(10-80 GHz)产生的风扇不稳定性的积累以及导致观测到的振荡频率大幅下降的复杂非线性衰减不稳定性链有关。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of buffer coatings on the structural state and magnetic properties of (Cr-Mn)/Fe films 缓冲涂层对(Cr-Mn)/Fe薄膜结构状态和磁性能的影响
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.21883/tp.2023.05.56070.24-23
None Vas’kovskiy V. O., None Feshchenko A. A., None Moskalev M. E., None Lepalovskij V. N., None Kravtsov E. A., None Gorkovenko A. N.
The article presents the results of a systematic study of the crystalline structure, microstructure, and hysteresis properties of (Cr 80 Mn 20 )/Fe bilayers, deposited on buffer coatings of various metals (Cr, Fe, W, Ta). It has been established that depending on the composition of the buffer coating and the thickness of the Cr-Mn layer, the latter develops body-centered cubic structure with either the (110) or (200) texture, or none. It is shown that the Cr-Mn layer is a source of increased coercivity in the adjacent Fe layer and when is in a certain structural state and has a relatively large thickness (100 nm) induces exchange bias in the Fe layer. The regularities obtained are interpreted in terms of the antiferromagnetic ordering of Cr-Mn and its relatively weak magnetic anisotropy Keywords: antiferromagnetics, ferromagnetic, bilayers, thickness, composition, temperature, texture, coercivity, exchange bias.
本文介绍了在不同金属(Cr, Fe, W, Ta)缓冲涂层上沉积的(Cr 80mn 20)/Fe双层膜的晶体结构、微观结构和迟滞特性的系统研究结果。根据缓冲层的组成和Cr-Mn层的厚度,Cr-Mn层形成体心立方结构,具有(110)或(200)织构,或者没有织构。结果表明,Cr-Mn层是相邻Fe层矫顽力增加的来源,当Cr-Mn层处于一定结构状态且厚度较大(100 nm)时,会引起Fe层的交换偏置。关键词:反铁磁性,铁磁性,双层结构,厚度,成分,温度,织构,矫顽力,交换偏置。
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引用次数: 0
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