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Курский научно-практический вестник «Человек и его здоровье»最新文献

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Heart rate variability in female Wistar rats under conditions of different physical activity 不同运动条件下雌性Wistar大鼠心率变异性的研究
Viktoria N. Korobova, A. O. Vorvul, I. Bobyntsev, R. R. Khabibulin, Ilia N. Kostiunin
Objective: to study the characteristics of heart rate variability in female Wistar rats under conditions of normal wakefulness, moderate physical activity and during recovery. Materials and methods. The study was carried out on 48 female Wistar rats aged 5-6 months. Heart rate variability (HRV) was recorded using Physiobelt 2.5.1 (Neurobotics, Russia). HRV analysis was performed using statistical, geometric, and spectral indicators. Physical activity was created using a two-minute treadmill run at a speed of 15 m/min at an angle of 15°. During the experiment we made 3 records of cardiosignal in each anumal: 1 - before the load, 2 - immediately after the load, 3 - after 15-minute rest. Results. Physical activity led to significant changes in a number of statistical and geometric indexes, but no differences in the spectral indexes of all the records were not found. In this regard, we performed cluster analysis on TP, HF, LF indexes of the record 1 that allowed us to form 2 groups: with low and high spectrum values (LSV and HSV). In each group, we observed significant changes in the values of HRV indexes between the records: in the group with LSV, physical activity led to a change in HR, RRNN, Mo, HF (ms2), LF (ms2, %), VLF (ms2, %), LF/HF, IC, in the group with HSV - HR, RRNN, Mo, Amo, IVR, PAPR, VLF (ms2), LF (%), IC. 15-minute recovery contributed to a further change in the value of HRV parameters. Conclusion. The results of the current study demonstrated that physical activity led to activation of the sympathetic nervous system, mobilization of neurohumoral regulation, as well as a change in the level of regulation of the cardiorhythm from peripheral to the central one. The analysis of HRV parameters in females with LSV and HSV allowed us to establish the features of neurohumoral regulation of the functional state of the organism in groups of animals initially different in spectral characteristics.
目的:研究雌性Wistar大鼠在正常清醒、适度运动和恢复期的心率变异性特征。材料和方法。研究对象为48只5 ~ 6月龄雌性Wistar大鼠。心率变异性(HRV)采用Physiobelt 2.5.1 (Neurobotics, Russia)记录。采用统计学、几何和光谱指标进行HRV分析。在跑步机上以15米/分钟的速度以15°的角度跑2分钟。在实验过程中,我们记录了每一年的心脏信号3次:1 -负荷前,2 -负荷后,3 -休息15分钟后。结果。体育活动导致多项统计指标和几何指标发生显著变化,但所有记录的光谱指标没有发现差异。为此,我们对记录1的TP、HF、LF指标进行聚类分析,形成低谱值组和高谱值组(LSV和HSV)。在每组中,我们观察到HRV指标值在记录之间的显著变化:在LSV组中,体育活动导致HR、RRNN、Mo、HF (ms2)、LF (ms2, %)、VLF (ms2, %)、LF/HF、IC的变化,在HSV - HR组中,RRNN、Mo、Amo、IVR、PAPR、VLF (ms2)、LF(%)、IC的变化。15分钟恢复有助于HRV参数值的进一步变化。结论。目前的研究结果表明,体育活动导致交感神经系统的激活,神经体液调节的动员,以及心律调节水平从外周到中枢的变化。对LSV和HSV雌性HRV参数的分析使我们能够在光谱特征最初不同的动物群体中建立生物体功能状态的神经体液调节特征。
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引用次数: 1
BALANCE EQUATIONS FOR ROLLING WHEELS IN DRIVEN AND BRAKING MODES BASED ON LINEAR AND ANGULAR DISPLACEMENTS OF TIRE AND WHEEL POINTS 基于轮胎和车轮点线位移和角位移的驱动和制动模式下滚动车轮的平衡方程
M. Romanchenko
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引用次数: 0
Plant sterols and stanols that lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol 植物固醇和甾醇可以降低低密度脂蛋白胆固醇
V. V. Fedotova
Objective: analyze and evaluate scientific literature data on the need for the use of plant sterols and stanols for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia in order to reduce the risk of coronary heart disease. Materials and methods. The article summarizes the information of scientific publications in the journals of search systems PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, as well as library databases (eLibrary). Results. Phytosterols (phytosterols), phytostanols, are lipid-like compounds found in foods of plant origin. Their structure is similar to cholesterol and therefore they successfully compete with it for absorption in the intestine, thus reducing the flow of cholesterol into the bloodstream. As a result of this therapy for hypercholesterolemia, the risk of coronary heart disease is reduced. The factors influencing the efficacy of sterols/stanols and ways to improve therapy with their use are discussed in the review. The effect of stanols on the immune system is also presented. Conclusion. Food products enriched with sterols and stanols (yoghurt, kefir, milk, spreads, etc.) are promising tools in the complex of non-medicinal measures to reduce LDL cholesterol levels, an established risk factor for CHD, and their introduction into the diet will contribute to the prevention of CHD among the Russian population.
目的:分析和评价需要使用植物甾醇和甾醇治疗高胆固醇血症以降低冠心病风险的科学文献资料。材料和方法。本文对检索系统PubMed、Scopus、Google Scholar以及图书馆数据库(eLibrary)期刊上的科学出版物信息进行了综述。结果。植物甾醇(Phytosterols),植物甾醇,是一类类脂化合物,存在于植物性食物中。它们的结构与胆固醇相似,因此它们成功地与胆固醇竞争,在肠道中被吸收,从而减少胆固醇流入血液。由于这种治疗高胆固醇血症的方法,冠心病的风险降低了。本文就影响甾醇/甾醇疗效的因素及改善治疗的方法进行综述。甾醇对免疫系统的影响也被提出。结论。富含甾醇和甾醇的食品(酸奶、开菲尔、牛奶、果酱等)是降低低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平(冠心病的既定危险因素)的非药物综合措施中很有前途的工具,将它们引入饮食将有助于预防俄罗斯人群中的冠心病。
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引用次数: 0
Peculiarities of macroand microelement accumulation in common yarrow herb of the Voronezh region 沃罗涅日地区普通蓍草中常量和微量元素积累的特点
N. Dyakova
Researches of elemental composition of wild-growing raw materials are actual and significant because of high efficiency and bioavailability of their metal-organic forms contained in plants. Available data on the content of elements in medicinal plant raw materials of the Voronezh region showed that studies are conducted mainly on a few elements, which does not allow to determine the full chemical composition of plants and to describe the specificity of accumulation of the whole complex of minerals in them. Objective. The aim of the investigation was to study the accumulation of macro- and microelements in common yarrow herb of natural phytocenosis of the Voronezh region. Materials and methods. Preparation of medicinal plant raw materials was carried out during the flowering of the plant in the Voronezh State Natural Biosphere Reserve. The microelement of medicinal plant raw materials was determined by mass spectroscopy with inductively coupled plasma on the ELAN-DRC device. Results. It was found that the content of microelement complex is 3.28%, 59 elements were determined. Macronutrients account for 93.78% of the total elemental composition of common yarrow herb. The basis of macronutrients is potassium (more than 14 mg/g), and calcium (more than 10 mg/g). Essential microelements make up 5.51% of the total mineral complex of the common yarrow herb. Among them the highest content was noted for silicon (more than 1.6 mg/g), iron (more than 0.1 mg/g). The content of the rationed heavy metals and arsenic in the herb common yarrow corresponds to the requirements of the normative documentation. The proportion of toxic and understudied elements in the total mineral complex of common yarrow herb is 0.71%. The highest content was noted for aluminum (116.5 µg/g), strontium (81.6 µg/g), titanium (12.5 µg/g), rubidium (9.5 µg/g), barium (9.31 µg/g). The high ability of common yarrow herb to accumulate phosphorus, potassium, copper, zinc, molybdenum, strontium from soil was shown. Conclusion. The data obtained are of great interest and can serve as a basis for further research with the aim of using their results in medical and pharmaceutical practice to create drugs and biologically active additives for correcting physiological norms of element content in the human body.
野生原料的金属有机形态在植物体内具有较高的效率和生物利用度,因此对其元素组成的研究具有现实意义。沃罗涅日地区药用植物原料中元素含量的现有数据表明,研究主要针对少数元素进行,这无法确定植物的全部化学成分,也无法描述植物中整个矿物复合物积累的特异性。目标。本研究旨在研究沃罗涅日地区天然草本植物中常见蓍草中常量元素和微量元素的积累情况。材料和方法。药用植物原料的制备是在沃罗涅日州自然生物圈保护区植物开花期间进行的。采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法在ELAN-DRC装置上测定了药用植物原料中的微量元素。结果。微量元素络合物的含量为3.28%,共测定了59种元素。常量营养素占普通蓍草总元素组成的93.78%。常量营养素的基础是钾(超过14毫克/克)和钙(超过10毫克/克)。必需微量元素占普通蓍草总矿物质复合物的5.51%。其中硅(超过1.6 mg/g)、铁(超过0.1 mg/g)含量最高。普通蓍草中重金属和砷的定量含量符合规范文件的要求。普通蓍草总矿物复合体中有毒元素和未研究元素所占比例为0.71%。铝(116.5µg/g)、锶(81.6µg/g)、钛(12.5µg/g)、铷(9.5µg/g)、钡(9.31µg/g)的含量最高。结果表明,普通蓍草对土壤中磷、钾、铜、锌、钼、锶具有较高的富集能力。结论。获得的数据非常有趣,可以作为进一步研究的基础,目的是将其结果用于医疗和制药实践,以创造药物和生物活性添加剂,以纠正人体内元素含量的生理规范。
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引用次数: 0
METHOD OF TESTING FOR WEAR DURING PLANE-PARALLEL MOVEMENT 平面平行运动磨损试验方法
V. Bukhtoyarov, V. Ivannikov, A. Golev, I.O. Kashirin
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引用次数: 0
Use of complex medications to treat patients with back pain 使用复杂的药物来治疗背痛患者
Shuteeva Elena Yu., Krapiva Anna B., Shuteeva Tatiana V.
Purpose of the study: to assess the dynamics of pain indicators and various characteristics of the quality of life in patients with back pain when using a one-course treatment complex with the use of Clodifen Neuro. Materials and methods. The study included men and women aged 44 to 52 years with complaints of lower back pain caused by exacerbation of chronic dorsalgia. The main group included 30 patients (14 men and 16 women). The control group consisted of 24 patients (12 men and 12 women). The groups were comparable in terms of the severity of symptoms and the length of the disease. All patients received muscle relaxants and gastroprotectors of the corresponding pharmacological groups, patients in the main group received Clodifen Neuro 1 capsule twice a day for 2 weeks, patients in the control group received diclofenac tablets (enteric form) 50 mg twice a day. The effectiveness of therapy was assessed using the VAS scale and the Oswestry questionnaire. Assessment of the condition of patients in both groups was carried out before the start of the study, after the end of treatment (after 14 days) and 2 months after the end of therapy. Results. The study of the effectiveness of the use of Clodifen Neuro showed that in patients with chronic back pain, the drug favored a decrease in pain syndrome, an increase in the mobility of the spine, and the functional potential of patients. Conclusion. Treatment with Clodifen Neuro for 14 days (1 capsule orally 2 times a day) as a part of complex therapy contributed to a steady reduction in pain in the study group of patients with chronic back pain. The analgesic effect persisted for 2 months after the end of therapy. Clodifen Neuro can be recommended as a polytropic agent in the complex therapy of chronic back pain.
本研究的目的:评估腰痛患者在使用Clodifen neuroo单疗程复合治疗时疼痛指标的动态变化和生活质量的各种特征。材料和方法。研究对象包括年龄在44岁至52岁之间的男性和女性,他们的主诉是由慢性背痛加剧引起的下背部疼痛。主组30例,男14例,女16例。对照组24例,男12例,女12例。两组在症状的严重程度和疾病的持续时间方面具有可比性。所有患者均给予相应药理学组的肌肉松弛剂和胃保护剂,主组患者给予氯地芬神经1胶囊,每日2次,连用2周,对照组患者给予双氯芬酸片(肠剂型)50 mg,每日2次。采用VAS评分和Oswestry问卷评估治疗效果。两组患者的病情评估分别在研究开始前、治疗结束后(14天后)和治疗结束后2个月进行。结果。对使用Clodifen Neuro的有效性的研究表明,在慢性背痛患者中,该药物有利于减轻疼痛综合征,增加脊柱的活动能力和患者的功能潜力。结论。用Clodifen Neuro治疗14天(1粒口服,每天2次)作为综合治疗的一部分,有助于慢性背痛患者研究组疼痛的稳定减少。治疗结束后镇痛效果持续2个月。Clodifen Neuro可作为一种多效剂推荐用于慢性背痛的复杂治疗。
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引用次数: 1
Через уроки чтения - к воспитанию и развитию учащихся младшего школьного возраста 通过阅读课程——教育和发展学龄前儿童
Milena Chemporova, S. Petrova
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引用次数: 0
Пищевое поведение и воспитание в семье 家庭中的饮食和教育
Y. Timofeeva, L. Afanaseva
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引用次数: 0
Endothelial dysfunction, vascular stiffness and their correction with perindopril, losartan in patients with ischemic heart disease, arterial hypertension and chronic kidney disease after coronary stenting 缺血性心脏病、动脉性高血压和慢性肾病患者冠状动脉支架植入术后内皮功能障碍、血管僵硬及其培哚普利、氯沙坦的矫正
Nadezda N. Pribylova, Margarita V. Yakovleva, S. A. Pribylov, G. Mal, V. S. Pribylov, T. A. Barbashina
Objective. To study the state of arterial stiffness and endothelial function in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), arterial hypertension (AH) in combination with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and to determine the effect of Perindopril and Losartan therapy on these indices including after coronary stenting. Materials and Methods. The study involved 73 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), AH and CHD stage 2-3a. The comparison group consisted of 30 patients with CHD and AH without renal pathology. Patients with CKD were divided into 3 subgroups: the 1st - on conservative therapy with Perindopril 10 mg; the 2nd - with Losartan 100 mg daily; the 3rd - those who underwent coronary stenting and were treated with Perindopril 10 mg daily. Arterial stiffness, plasma levels of endothelin-1 (ET-1), metabolites of nitric oxide were assessed initially and after 12 weeks of therapy. Results. The patients with CHD and hypertension had a more severe endothelial dysfunction (ED) and more significant arterial stiffness. There was a correlation between GFR and PWV levels (r = -0.75; p = 0.001), nitric oxide levels (r = 0.58; p<0.01), ET-1 (r = -0.72; p < 0.01). After 12 weeks of therapy, all three subgroups showed a statistically significant decrease in ET-1 and vascular wall stiffness. Conclusion. Patients with CHD and AH, CKD had more profound ED and the severity of arterial stiffness. The use of Perindopril and Losartan in complex therapy resulted in a glomerular filtration rate increase, was accompanied by a corrective effect on ED and decreased arterial stiffness, especially in patients undergoing coronary stenting.
目标。研究冠心病(CHD)、动脉性高血压(AH)合并慢性肾脏疾病(CKD)患者的动脉硬度和内皮功能状况,并探讨培哚普利和氯沙坦治疗对冠状动脉支架植入术后这些指标的影响。材料与方法。该研究涉及73例冠心病(CHD)、AH和CHD 2-3a期患者。对照组为30例无肾脏病理的冠心病合并AH患者。将CKD患者分为3个亚组:第1组采用培哚普利10 mg保守治疗;第二组:每日100mg氯沙坦;第三组是接受冠状动脉支架植入术并每日服用培哚普利10mg的患者。在最初和治疗12周后评估动脉僵硬度、血浆内皮素-1 (ET-1)水平、一氧化氮代谢物。结果。冠心病合并高血压患者内皮功能障碍(ED)更严重,动脉僵硬更明显。GFR与PWV水平存在相关性(r = -0.75;P = 0.001),一氧化氮水平(r = 0.58;p<0.01), ET-1 (r = -0.72;P < 0.01)。治疗12周后,三个亚组均显示ET-1和血管壁硬度有统计学意义的降低。结论。冠心病合并AH、CKD患者有更严重的ED和动脉僵硬程度。在复合治疗中使用培哚普利和氯沙坦导致肾小球滤过率增加,并伴有ED的矫正作用和动脉僵硬度降低,特别是在接受冠状动脉支架植入术的患者中。
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引用次数: 0
Психолого-педагогические условия приобщения к здоровому образу жизни детей школьного возраста в рамках проекта «Укрепление и сохранение здоровья детей, вовлечение учащихся в систематические занятия физической культурой во вне-урочное время» 在“加强和保护儿童健康、让学生在课外活动中参与系统的体育活动”的框架内,为学龄儿童提供健康的教育条件
N. Maksimova
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Курский научно-практический вестник «Человек и его здоровье»
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