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Курский научно-практический вестник «Человек и его здоровье»最新文献

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Проблема воспитания детей раннего возраста в семье с родителем-инвалидом 在有残疾父母的家庭中抚养孩子的问题
A. Ivanova, Tatyana Koryakina
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引用次数: 0
Changes in immunological parameters when using a combined physiotherapy method in complex treatment of atopic dermatitis in children 综合物理疗法治疗儿童特应性皮炎免疫参数的变化
Dontsova Elena V., Ivanova Irina I., Novikova Lyubov A., Dontsov Vladimir G., Borzunova Larisa N., Koroleva Tatyana V.
The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in immunological parameters in children with atopic dermatitis when using hydrotherapy, non-selective chromotherapy, and intravenous laser irradiation of blood against the background of basic drug therapy. Materials and methods. The work was performed with the participation of 164 patients with moderate lichenoid and erythematous-squamous forms of atopic dermatitis aged 4 to 15 years with a frequency of exacerbations from 3 to 4 times a year with a tendency to increase their duration. The patients were divided into 5 groups: the first group received basic drug therapy (BDT), the second - hydrotherapy and BDT, the third - non-selective chromotherapy and BDT, the fourth - low-intensity laser irradiation of blood and BDT, the fifth - hydrotherapy, non-selective chromotherapy, low-intensity laser irradiation of blood and BDT. The content of total IgE, IL-4, IL-10, IL-13, IL-18 and TNF-α in the blood serum of patients was determined by enzyme immunoassay before treatment, as well as 1 and 3 months after its start. Results. Before the start of treatment, the values of all the studied indicators in comparison with healthy individuals were significantly increased (by 2.1-3.1 times). In patients of the first and second groups, the level of IgE and cytokines did not change significantly after 1 and 3 months from the start of treatment in comparison with the indicators before the start of treatment. In the third group, after 1 month from the start of treatment, the group experienced a significant (by 11-20%) decrease in IgE and cytokine levels, which persisted after 3 months of follow-up. In the fourth group, the decrease in the studied indicators after 1 month was even more significant and did not change significantly. The greatest decrease in indicators after 1 and 3 months was observed in the fifth group of patients (by 40-62%) who received basic drug therapy in combination with hydrotherapy, non-selective chromotherapy and intravenous laser irradiation of blood. Conclusion. In children with moderate atopic dermatitis, drug-based basic treatment combined with non-selective chromotherapy and intravenous laser irradiation of blood contributes to the effective correction of immunological reactivity for a long period of time.
本研究的目的是评估在基础药物治疗的背景下,使用水疗法、非选择性显色疗法和静脉激光照射血液时,特应性皮炎儿童免疫参数的变化。材料和方法。这项研究是在164名年龄在4至15岁的中度地衣样和红斑鳞状形式的特应性皮炎患者的参与下进行的,这些患者的恶化频率为每年3至4次,并且持续时间有增加的趋势。将患者分为5组:第一组进行基本药物治疗(BDT),第二组进行水疗法和BDT,第三组进行非选择性显色治疗和BDT,第四组进行低强度激光照射血液和BDT,第五组进行水疗法,非选择性显色治疗,低强度激光照射血液和BDT。采用酶免疫分析法检测治疗前及治疗后1、3个月患者血清中总IgE、IL-4、IL-10、IL-13、IL-18、TNF-α的含量。结果。在治疗开始前,与健康个体相比,所有研究指标的数值均显著升高(2.1-3.1倍)。第一组和第二组患者在治疗开始后1个月和3个月的IgE和细胞因子水平与治疗开始前的指标相比无明显变化。第三组,治疗开始1个月后,组内IgE和细胞因子水平明显下降(下降11-20%),随访3个月后仍持续下降。第4组1个月后研究指标下降更明显,无明显变化。第5组患者接受基础药物联合水疗法、非选择性显色疗法和静脉激光照射血液治疗,1个月和3个月后各项指标下降幅度最大(40-62%)。结论。在中度特应性皮炎患儿中,以药物为主的基础治疗联合非选择性显色治疗和静脉激光照射血液有助于长期有效纠正免疫反应性。
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引用次数: 0
TECHNOLOGY OF AUTOMATIC DIAGNOSTICS OF MECHANICAL TRANSMISSIONS 机械变速器自动诊断技术
E. Timashov
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引用次数: 0
Prognostic value of D-dimer in patients undergoing myocardial infarction in the context of a new coronavirus infection pandemic 新型冠状病毒感染大流行背景下心肌梗死患者d -二聚体的预后价值
O. V. Zamakhina, N. A. Nikolaev, Ju. P. Skirdenko, Elena V. Osipenko
In conditions of new coronavirus pandemic and high prevalence of myocarditis, myopericarditis, the issues of differential diagnosis, especially in patients who had previously undergone myocardial infarction, appear to be relevant. Against the background of COVID-19 both recurrent acute coronary disease and myocarditis, or myopericarditis are possible, and the differential diagnosis is significantly complicated by the similarity of clinical picture (pain in the heart area (not always typical), increased titers of cardiac troponins). Particular difficulties in diagnosis arise in patients who have undergone myocardial infarction, are in a coma and have unstable hemodynamics, since the detection of zones of local hypo- or akinesis on EchoCG has no proper diagnostic value; changes on ECG can be ambiguous; and the absolute majority of hospitals that provide care to COVID-19 patients have no possibilities of making MRI with gadolinium. In such cases, additional diagnostic methods may be helpful in making a definitive diagnosis. In such cases, additional diagnostic methods may be helpful in making a definitive diagnosis. The most available and well-studied laboratory indicator is D-dimer, which is a marker of hypercoagulation syndrome, however, some scientists also considered it as a marker of necrosis in myocardial infarction. This review shows the advantages and disadvantages of D-dimer in the diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome; the possibility of its use in patients with coronavirus infection, who had previously undergone myocardial infarction; the prospects for further research on this issue are outlined. The combined use of D-dimer test with electrocardiography, echocardiography, and clinical manifestations in patients with coronavirus infection to diagnose recurrent myocardial infarction was substantiated.
在新型冠状病毒大流行和心肌炎、心包炎高发的情况下,鉴别诊断问题,特别是对既往发生过心肌梗死的患者,似乎具有相关性。在COVID-19的背景下,复发性急性冠状动脉疾病和心肌炎或心肌炎都是可能的,并且由于临床表现的相似性(心脏区域疼痛(并不总是典型的),心脏肌钙蛋白滴度升高),鉴别诊断显着复杂。在发生心肌梗死、处于昏迷状态和血流动力学不稳定的患者中诊断特别困难,因为在超声心动图上检测局部缺血或缺血区没有适当的诊断价值;心电图变化可能不明确;而且绝大多数为新冠肺炎患者提供护理的医院都无法进行钆磁共振成像。在这种情况下,额外的诊断方法可能有助于做出明确的诊断。在这种情况下,额外的诊断方法可能有助于做出明确的诊断。目前研究最多的实验室指标是d -二聚体,它是高凝综合征的标志物,但也有一些科学家认为它是心肌梗死坏死的标志物。本文综述了d -二聚体在急性冠脉综合征诊断中的优缺点;在冠状病毒感染的心肌梗死患者中使用的可能性;对该问题的进一步研究进行了展望。证实d -二聚体试验与冠状病毒感染患者的心电图、超声心动图及临床表现相结合诊断复发性心肌梗死。
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引用次数: 0
Исследование психоэмоционального состояния студентов - стрелков в различные периоды спортивной подготовки 在体育训练的不同时期,对射击学生的心理情绪状态进行研究
E. Nikolaeva, A. Pavlova
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引用次数: 0
Morphological and anatomical study of Chrysaspis aurea leaves 金菊叶的形态解剖研究
Drozdova Irina L., Bogoslovskikh Daria D.
The genus Chrysaspis Desv. of Fabaceae family includes about 20 species distributed in Europe, Central Asia, Western Asia and Africa. There are four species growing in Russia, of which Chrysaspis aurea (Poll.) Greene (Trifolium aureum Pollich) is the most common. This species is widely used in traditional medicine of different countries as a general tonic, for pain syndrome (headaches), dizziness. However, the pharmacopoeia article for medicinal plant raw materials has not been approved. The possibility of using a new species in scientific medicine makes it necessary to study the morphological and anatomical structure of the Chrysaspis aurea. Objective: to conduct a macro-and microscopic study of the structure of the of Chrysaspis aurea leaves; to identify and characterize the signs that are of differential importance in the diagnosis of raw materials. Materials and methods. The study of morphological and anatomical features of Chrysaspis aurea leaves was carried out in accordance with the articles of the state Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation of the XIV edition. Fresh-picked, dried, and fixed raw materials were used for the study. Results. For the first time, macro- and microdiagnostic signs of Chrysaspis aurea leaves were described. Conclusion. For the first time macroscopic and microscopic features of Chrysaspis aurea leaves were identified and described, which can be used to determine the authenticity of raw materials, as well as to develop the sections «External signs» and «Microscopic signs» of modern regulatory documentation.
菊花属。豆科植物约20种,分布于欧洲、中亚、西亚和非洲。在俄罗斯有四种,其中金菊(Chrysaspis aurea)。格林(Trifolium aureum Pollich)是最常见的。这种植物在不同国家的传统医学中被广泛用作一般的补品,用于疼痛综合征(头痛),头晕。然而,药用植物原料的药典条款尚未获得批准。由于有可能在科学医学上使用新种,因此有必要对金蝶的形态和解剖结构进行研究。目的:对金菊叶片的结构进行宏观和微观研究;识别和表征在原材料诊断中具有不同重要性的体征。材料和方法。根据俄罗斯联邦国家药典第十四版的条款对金菊叶片的形态和解剖特征进行了研究。研究采用新鲜采摘、干燥和固定的原料。结果。本文首次对金菊叶片的宏观和微观特征进行了描述。结论。首次鉴定和描述了金菊叶片的宏观和微观特征,可用于确定原材料的真实性,并开发了现代监管文件的“外部标志”和“微观标志”部分。
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引用次数: 0
Characteristics of jaw force relations in rehabilitation of patients with total tooth loss and removable dentures: a clinical and pathophysiological study 全牙脱落和活动义齿康复患者颌力关系的临床和病理生理研究
K. A. Kerimkhanov, I. Bobyntsev, A. Iordanishvili
At the present time the complete loss of teeth is frequent, especially in older age groups, and their rehabilitation with the use of full removable acrylic dentures is not always effective. Objective: to estimate the peculiarities of patients adaptation to the full removable dentures taking into account the jaw strength characteristics and application of adhesive agents to improve denture fixation. Materials and methods. 34 elderly women suffering from the total loss of teeth were under observation. Group 1 consisted of 15 patients, who after fabrication of full removable dentures, during the whole adaptation period did not use any adhesive means for improvement of fixation of removable dentures and group 2 used ASEPTA parodontal cream for fixation of dentures. Indexes of gnathodinamometry and indexes of test with nucleus according to I.S. Rubinov were evaluated in all patients after fitting and application of prosthesis. Results. It has been established, that good jaw strength characteristics (81-105 N), as well as good fixation and stabilization of new dental restorations are determined during rehabilitation of patients with full tooth loss using removable dentures. The study has shown that to optimize the force characteristics of the jaws while using the full removable acrylic dentures and to increase their stability it is possible to use adhesive means for fixing dentures, thus reducing the number of visits for denture correction to 1.25±0.41 and improving gnathodinamometry parameters by 7.21-29.1%. Conclusion. Dental rehabilitation of complete tooth loss with full removable acrylic dentures is quite effective, especially when using removable denture fixation means. The use of the latter requires increased oncological vigilance due to the presence of chronic traumatic lesions of the oral mucosa, proceeding without painful symptoms and being facultative precancer.
目前,全牙脱落是常见的,特别是在老年人群中,他们的康复与使用全活动丙烯酸义齿并不总是有效的。目的:评估患者对全口可摘义齿的适应特点,同时考虑下颌强度特点和使用粘接剂改善义齿固定。材料和方法。对34例老年全牙脱落妇女进行观察。第1组15例患者,全口活动义齿制作完成后,整个适应期未使用任何粘接剂改善活动义齿固定,第2组使用ASEPTA牙周乳膏固定义齿。对所有患者假体安装应用后的牙周测量指标和鲁比诺夫核测试指标进行评价。结果。已有研究表明,在全牙缺失患者使用活动义齿的康复过程中,良好的下颌强度特性(81-105 N)以及良好的固定和稳定的新牙修复体是确定的。本研究表明,为了优化使用全可摘丙烯酸义齿时颌骨的受力特性,增加义齿的稳定性,可以采用粘接剂的方式固定义齿,使义齿矫正次数减少到1.25±0.41次,使牙周测量参数提高7.21-29.1%。结论。全口可摘丙烯酸义齿修复全牙缺失是非常有效的,特别是在使用可摘义齿固定手段时。后者的使用需要提高肿瘤警惕性,因为口腔黏膜存在慢性创伤性病变,没有疼痛症状,并且是兼性癌前病变。
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引用次数: 0
The role of functional therapy in temporomandibular joint pain dysfunction: pathophysiological and clinical aspects 功能治疗在颞下颌关节疼痛功能障碍中的作用:病理生理和临床方面
K. A. Kerimkhanov, I. Bobyntsev, A. Iordanishvili
Nowadays, each second patient seeking dental care suffers from some pathology of the temporomandibular joint. Most often patients are diagnosed with temporomandibular joint pain dysfunction syndrome, which is poorly treatable and often relapses. Objective: to evaluate changes in the clinical course of TMJ pain dysfunction syndrome when using myogymnastics in the complex rehabilitation of patients suffering from this pathology. Materials and methods. We performed dynamic observation of 62 young patients who suffered from painful dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint, revealed during the preparation of patients for dental prosthetics. Group 1 included 31 people who were treated with the conventional complex treatment to relieve painful dysfunction. Group 2 included 31 people, for the treatment of which the same standard complex of therapeutic and prophylactic measures with the additional application of masticatory muscles myogymnastics was applied. To objectivize the efficiency of using myogymnastics we used the method of severity degree evaluation as well as semi-quantitative method of efficiency evaluation of the treatment of the pathology in question. Results. It was found out that application of masticatory muscles myogymnastics in the complex treatment of painful dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint allows increasing the efficiency of dental rehabilitation of such patients by 6,9% and decreasing the number of patients with recurrence of the disease by 16,1% in the period up to 2 years. Conclusion. As a pathogenetic functional method of treatment of painful temporomandibular joint dysfunction, application of masticatory muscle myogymnastics to patients allowed to develop mutually consistent reflexes of the masticatory muscles, causing movements of the mouth opening (lowering the lower jaw) without its deviation and advancement. It is advisable to include the technique of masticatory muscle myogymnastics for painful TMJ dysfunction in the clinical guidelines.
如今,每2个寻求牙科治疗的病人中,就有1个患有颞下颌关节病变。大多数患者通常被诊断为颞下颌关节疼痛功能障碍综合征,这种疾病很难治疗,而且经常复发。目的:探讨肌体操在TMJ疼痛功能障碍综合征患者复杂康复治疗中对其临床病程的影响。材料和方法。我们对62例在口腔修复术准备过程中出现的颞下颌关节疼痛功能障碍的年轻患者进行了动态观察。第1组31例患者采用常规综合治疗以缓解疼痛功能障碍。第2组31人,采用同样标准的综合治疗和预防措施,外加咀嚼肌肌力训练。为了客观地评价肌操治疗的效果,我们采用了严重程度评价法和半定量方法对所讨论的病理治疗效果进行了评价。结果。研究发现,在颞下颌关节疼痛性功能障碍的综合治疗中应用咀嚼肌肌操,可使该类患者的牙科康复效率提高6.9%,在长达2年的时间内,可使疾病复发率降低16.1%。结论。作为治疗疼痛性颞下颌关节功能障碍的一种病理功能方法,咀嚼肌肌体操的应用使患者的咀嚼肌形成相互一致的反射,引起开口(下颌下降)的运动而不偏离和前进。建议在临床指南中加入咀嚼肌肌肉体操技术治疗疼痛性颞下颌关节功能障碍。
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引用次数: 1
Development of methods of chemical and toxicological analysis of Rifabutin in objects of biological origin 生物来源物中利法布汀化学和毒理学分析方法的发展
Konovalova Svetlana S., Illarionova Elena A.
Objective: to develop a technique for isolating and identifying rifabutin for chemical and toxicological analysis from biological material. Materials and methods. The substance rifabutin, capsules Farbutin containing rifabutin 150 mg, ethyl alcohol 95%, hydrochloric acid solution 0.1 M, sodium hydroxide solution 0.1 M, purified water, ammonia solution 10%, solutions of ammonium sulfate 20%, ammonium sulfate saturated, sodium sulfate 5%, sodium sulfate saturated, sodium chloride 20%, sodium chloride saturated were used for analysis. Organic solvents: benzene, dichloromethane, diethyl ether, toluene, chloroform, ethyl acetate. The pH was determined using a universal ionometer It-1101. Isolation was carried out by liquid-liquid extraction, detection and quantification by spectrophotometric method in the ultraviolet region. The optical density was measured using a SF-2000 spectrophotometer in cuvettes with a layer thickness of 1 cm. Results. In the course of the study, the optical properties of rifabutin, and absorption spectra characterized by two absorption bands at 231±2 nm and 279±2 nm were studied, ethyl alcohol 95% and hydrochloric acid solution 0.1 M, concentration 0.002% as optimal solvents were determined. The effect of various factors on the extraction of rifabutin from aqueous solutions has been experimentally studied. The highest degree of extraction is achieved by dichloromethane at pH 2, in the presence of sodium chloride saturated solution, once for 3 minutes. Conclusion. Methods of isolation and quantitative determination of rifabutin by UV spectrophotometry in extracts from biological fluids and organs have been developed.
目的:建立从生物材料中分离鉴定利法布汀的方法,用于化学和毒理学分析。材料和方法。采用利法布汀、利法布汀胶囊、含利法布汀150 mg、乙醇95%、盐酸溶液0.1 M、氢氧化钠溶液0.1 M、纯净水、氨溶液10%、硫酸铵溶液20%、硫酸铵饱和、硫酸钠5%、硫酸钠饱和、氯化钠20%、氯化钠饱和溶液进行分析。有机溶剂:苯、二氯甲烷、乙醚、甲苯、氯仿、乙酸乙酯。pH用通用电离计It-1101测定。采用液液萃取法分离,紫外分光光度法检测定量。光密度用SF-2000分光光度计在层厚为1 cm的比色皿中测量。结果。在研究过程中,研究了利福布汀的光学性质,并在231±2 nm和279±2 nm处有两个吸收谱带,确定了95%的乙醇和0.1 M、浓度0.002%的盐酸溶液为最佳溶剂。实验研究了各种因素对水溶液中提取瑞福汀的影响。在pH值为2的条件下,在氯化钠饱和溶液存在下,用二氯甲烷萃取一次,萃取时间为3分钟。结论。建立了用紫外分光光度法从生物体液和器官提取物中分离和定量测定瑞福布汀的方法。
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引用次数: 0
Comparative evaluation of the complex use of hexetidine and photoditazine in combination with ultrasound and phototherapy in the local treatment of purulent wounds 己替丁与光电地嗪复合应用超声光疗局部治疗化脓性创面的比较评价
D. Zotov, A. Grigoryan, M. Zatolokina, Tatiana A. Pankrusheva, Lyudmila V. Zhilyaeva, M. Chekmareva
Objective: to study the features of the course of the wound process both with the isolated use of hexethidine and photoditazine, and in combination with ultrasound therapy. Materials and Methods. The in vivo experiment was performed on 144 animals (male Wistar rats) divided into 4 equal groups. A purulent wound model (S=150mm2) was formed in all rats, which was treated with the studied combinations with and without ultrasound therapy. The percentage of area reduction, healing rate, microbial contamination, and morphological picture of wounds were evaluated. Results. In the groups treated with the combination we developed, complete wound healing had occurred by 15 days. The greatest activity was in phase I of the wound process, which is confirmed by the maximum wound healing rate (1-5 days from the start of treatment), as well as by the morphological picture. At the same time, in the group with the use of ultrasound therapy the indices of microbial siltation and percentage of area reduction were reliably better in comparison with the isolated use of the combination. Conclusion. The developed combinations have a positive effect in the treatment of purulent wounds, speeding up the healing process and reducing microbial contamination.
目的:探讨单用己二胺、光地嗪及联合超声治疗的创面过程特点。材料与方法。体内实验144只动物(雄性Wistar大鼠),分为4组。所有大鼠均形成化脓性创面模型(S=150mm2),采用超声联合或不联合治疗。对创面面积缩小率、愈合率、微生物污染及创面形态进行评价。结果。在我们开发的联合治疗组中,伤口在15天内完全愈合。活性最强的是创面过程的第一阶段,这可以从创面愈合的最大速度(治疗开始后1-5天)和形态学图片中得到证实。同时,超声治疗组微生物淤积指标和面积缩小百分比均明显优于单独使用超声治疗组。结论。所开发的组合对化脓性伤口的治疗有积极的作用,加速愈合过程,减少微生物污染。
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引用次数: 0
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Курский научно-практический вестник «Человек и его здоровье»
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