Pub Date : 2026-01-24DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2026.345154
Nina J. Fitzgerald, Weichen Huang, Kevin D. Clark
{"title":"RNA Sample Preparation Strategies for Mass Spectrometry Sequencing of the Epitranscriptome and Therapeutic RNAs: A Review","authors":"Nina J. Fitzgerald, Weichen Huang, Kevin D. Clark","doi":"10.1016/j.aca.2026.345154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2026.345154","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":240,"journal":{"name":"Analytica Chimica Acta","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146033798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The BRAF V600E mutant protein is a valuable biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of colorectal cancer. Quantitative detection by mass spectrometry (MS) requires purification from complex cell extracts and digestion into surrogate peptides, a process that traditionally takes at least ∼12 h, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, limiting clinical applicability.
Results
We present an automated microfluidic sample-preparation chip that integrates immunoprecipitation, multistep washing, and on-bead tryptic digestion by integrating pneumatically driven micromixers, microvalves, and magnetically guided beads. On-bead digestion was employed to eliminate multiple buffer-exchange steps, simplifying fluidic control and producing more BRAF peptides than the conventional elution–digestion workflow, in which only ∼50 % of captured proteins are recovered. Starting from clarified cell lysate, the device produces peptide samples within approximately 2.5–3 h.
Significance and novelty
Although individual components of the workflow have been reported previously, the present platform uniquely achieves end-to-end integration and automation of immuno–MS sample preparation. This work emphasizes operational simplicity and rapid turnaround time, providing a practical solution for MS-based mutant protein analysis in translational and precision medicine applications.
{"title":"Rapid microfluidic sample preparation for mass spectrometric analysis of wild-type and mutant BRAF protein","authors":"Yen-Heng Lin , Heng-Yun Chang , Chia-Chun Wu , Yung-Chin Hsiao , Ying-Hao Wen , Jau-Song Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.aca.2026.345146","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aca.2026.345146","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The BRAF V600E mutant protein is a valuable biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of colorectal cancer. Quantitative detection by mass spectrometry (MS) requires purification from complex cell extracts and digestion into surrogate peptides, a process that traditionally takes at least ∼12 h, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, limiting clinical applicability.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We present an automated microfluidic sample-preparation chip that integrates immunoprecipitation, multistep washing, and on-bead tryptic digestion by integrating pneumatically driven micromixers, microvalves, and magnetically guided beads. On-bead digestion was employed to eliminate multiple buffer-exchange steps, simplifying fluidic control and producing more BRAF peptides than the conventional elution–digestion workflow, in which only ∼50 % of captured proteins are recovered. Starting from clarified cell lysate, the device produces peptide samples within approximately 2.5–3 h.</div></div><div><h3>Significance and novelty</h3><div>Although individual components of the workflow have been reported previously, the present platform uniquely achieves end-to-end integration and automation of immuno–MS sample preparation. This work emphasizes operational simplicity and rapid turnaround time, providing a practical solution for MS-based mutant protein analysis in translational and precision medicine applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":240,"journal":{"name":"Analytica Chimica Acta","volume":"1391 ","pages":"Article 345146"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146033802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-23DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2026.345129
Zheng Xu, Jun Zhang, Shanshan Li, Maosen Zhao, Haijie Lu
Background
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), as the most toxic mycotoxin, has been classified into Group 1 type of carcinogen by WHO. Developing sensitive and accurate AFB1 detection methods for safeguarding food safety is extremely necessary. Photonic crystal (PhC)-based electrochemiluminescence (ECL) is an emerging biosensing technique with advantages of near-zero background and enhanced sensitivity. However, current PhC-based ECL biosensors are mainly focused on the enhancement of light scattering and electromagnetic field, with less attention paid to the coreactant acceleration. Therefore, it is of vital importance to develop PhC as coreactant accelerator for further research to increase the versatility of PhC-based ECL biosensors.
Results
Herein, we developed a coreactant-accelerating ECL system based on self-enhanced TiO2 inverse opal photonic crystals (IO–TiO2) for ultrasensitive determination of AFB1 with MoS2@Au/Pt nanocomposites as signal quencher. IO-TiO2 could act as the roles of ECL emitters and coreactant accelerators, which significantly enhances the ECL emission intensity. IO-TiO2 fabricated with 300 nm polystyrene (PS) displayed the optimal ECL performances with pore size of inverse opal at 217 nm and current density at 0.60 A/m2. MoS2@Au/Pt, as the signal probe, could obviously quench the ECL signals due to high loading capacity of MoS2 and broad-spectrum absorbance of Pt nanoparticles. When exposed to AFB1, DNA modified MoS2@Au/Pt nanocomposites were detached from the electrode by the specific binding between AFB1 and its aptamer and the ECL intensity of IO-TiO2 recovered. Under the optimized conditions, an ultrasensitive ECL biosensing platform for AFB1 monitoring was constructed with a detection of limit (LOD) of 3.3 pg/mL.
Significance
In the analysis of real corn matrices, the ECL biosensor exhibited good practicality with acceptable recoveries and RSDs for the measurement of AFB1. Combining the self-enhanced IO-TiO2 emitters with coreactant-accelerating ECL systems, the biosensors demonstrated high sensitivity and selectivity, which opened new venue for the rational design of ECL biosensors and offered great opportunities in food safety analysis.
{"title":"Coreactant-accelerating electrochemiluminescence systems based on self-enhanced TiO2 inverse opal photonic crystals for ultrasensitive aptasensing of aflatoxin B1 in corn matrices with MoS2@Au/Pt nanocomposites as signal quencher","authors":"Zheng Xu, Jun Zhang, Shanshan Li, Maosen Zhao, Haijie Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.aca.2026.345129","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aca.2026.345129","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), as the most toxic mycotoxin, has been classified into Group 1 type of carcinogen by WHO. Developing sensitive and accurate AFB1 detection methods for safeguarding food safety is extremely necessary. Photonic crystal (PhC)-based electrochemiluminescence (ECL) is an emerging biosensing technique with advantages of near-zero background and enhanced sensitivity. However, current PhC-based ECL biosensors are mainly focused on the enhancement of light scattering and electromagnetic field, with less attention paid to the coreactant acceleration. Therefore, it is of vital importance to develop PhC as coreactant accelerator for further research to increase the versatility of PhC-based ECL biosensors.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Herein, we developed a coreactant-accelerating ECL system based on self-enhanced TiO<sub>2</sub> inverse opal photonic crystals (IO–TiO<sub>2</sub>) for ultrasensitive determination of AFB1 with MoS<sub>2</sub>@Au/Pt nanocomposites as signal quencher. IO-TiO<sub>2</sub> could act as the roles of ECL emitters and coreactant accelerators, which significantly enhances the ECL emission intensity. IO-TiO<sub>2</sub> fabricated with 300 nm polystyrene (PS) displayed the optimal ECL performances with pore size of inverse opal at 217 nm and current density at 0.60 A/m<sup>2</sup>. MoS<sub>2</sub>@Au/Pt, as the signal probe, could obviously quench the ECL signals due to high loading capacity of MoS<sub>2</sub> and broad-spectrum absorbance of Pt nanoparticles. When exposed to AFB1, DNA modified MoS<sub>2</sub>@Au/Pt nanocomposites were detached from the electrode by the specific binding between AFB1 and its aptamer and the ECL intensity of IO-TiO<sub>2</sub> recovered. Under the optimized conditions, an ultrasensitive ECL biosensing platform for AFB1 monitoring was constructed with a detection of limit (LOD) of 3.3 pg/mL.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>In the analysis of real corn matrices, the ECL biosensor exhibited good practicality with acceptable recoveries and RSDs for the measurement of AFB1. Combining the self-enhanced IO-TiO<sub>2</sub> emitters with coreactant-accelerating ECL systems, the biosensors demonstrated high sensitivity and selectivity, which opened new venue for the rational design of ECL biosensors and offered great opportunities in food safety analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":240,"journal":{"name":"Analytica Chimica Acta","volume":"1391 ","pages":"Article 345129"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146033801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-22DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2026.345141
Xin Zhang , Guangxing Gu , Jiajin Weng , Chenyang Wang , Zixuan Ma , Xiaojun Tang , Yanchuan Zhao
Background
Chiral pesticides are increasingly important in agrochemicals, with enantiomers differing significantly in bioactivity, toxicity, and environmental impact. Rapid and robust methods for resolving these enantiomers in complex matrices are essential for regulatory monitoring and mechanistic studies.
Results
We developed a separation-free 19F NMR chemosensing platform using dual-stereocenter 19F-labeled Pd probes. The method enables direct enantiodifferentiation of N-heterocyclic pesticides, including complex cases like difenoconazole where all four stereoisomers are fully resolved in a single 19F spectrum. Quantitative enantiomeric excess (ee values) determination shows excellent linearity, with deviations from the true ee values of less than 2 %. The platform also resolves six pesticides simultaneously in a mixture and, in soil extracts, monitors in situ stereoselective degradation, revealing significant degradation bias between enantiomers.
Significance
Dual-stereocenter 19F NMR probes deliver a practical alternative to chiral chromatography for pesticide residue analysis, combining operational simplicity, matrix tolerance, multicomponent capability, and quantitative rigor. The method enables direct, separation-free readout of stereochemistry and kinetics in complex samples and reveals in situ enantioselective degradation pathways. These attributes provide actionable insight for precision application, environmental risk assessment, and regulatory surveillance of chiral agrochemicals.
{"title":"Separation-free enantiodiscrimination of chiral pesticides via dual-stereocenter 19F NMR probes for multicomponent and environmental analysis","authors":"Xin Zhang , Guangxing Gu , Jiajin Weng , Chenyang Wang , Zixuan Ma , Xiaojun Tang , Yanchuan Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.aca.2026.345141","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aca.2026.345141","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Chiral pesticides are increasingly important in agrochemicals, with enantiomers differing significantly in bioactivity, toxicity, and environmental impact. Rapid and robust methods for resolving these enantiomers in complex matrices are essential for regulatory monitoring and mechanistic studies.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We developed a separation-free <sup>19</sup>F NMR chemosensing platform using dual-stereocenter <sup>19</sup>F-labeled Pd probes. The method enables direct enantiodifferentiation of N-heterocyclic pesticides, including complex cases like difenoconazole where all four stereoisomers are fully resolved in a single <sup>19</sup>F spectrum. Quantitative enantiomeric excess (ee values) determination shows excellent linearity, with deviations from the true ee values of less than 2 %. The platform also resolves six pesticides simultaneously in a mixture and, in soil extracts, monitors in situ stereoselective degradation, revealing significant degradation bias between enantiomers.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>Dual-stereocenter <sup>19</sup>F NMR probes deliver a practical alternative to chiral chromatography for pesticide residue analysis, combining operational simplicity, matrix tolerance, multicomponent capability, and quantitative rigor. The method enables direct, separation-free readout of stereochemistry and kinetics in complex samples and reveals in situ enantioselective degradation pathways. These attributes provide actionable insight for precision application, environmental risk assessment, and regulatory surveillance of chiral agrochemicals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":240,"journal":{"name":"Analytica Chimica Acta","volume":"1390 ","pages":"Article 345141"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146014724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-22DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2026.345110
Caitlin M. Tressler, Lauren DeVine, Rahul Bharadwaj, Dalton R. Brown, Daniel Weinberger, Kristine Glunde, Robert N. Cole
{"title":"Histology-Guided Spatial Lipidomics and Proteomics of the Trisynaptic Circuit in the Human Hippocampus","authors":"Caitlin M. Tressler, Lauren DeVine, Rahul Bharadwaj, Dalton R. Brown, Daniel Weinberger, Kristine Glunde, Robert N. Cole","doi":"10.1016/j.aca.2026.345110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2026.345110","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":240,"journal":{"name":"Analytica Chimica Acta","volume":"261 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146033809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-22DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2026.345136
Nerea Villarino, Isela Lavilla, Francisco Pena-Pereira, Carlos Bendicho
Background
Reliable determination of inorganic chemical preservatives is essential for ensuring food safety, due to the health concerns associated to these compounds when present at excessive levels. Nitrite and sulfite, two inorganic preservatives widely used in the food industry, increasingly demand miniaturized alternatives to conventional analytical methods. In this regard, luminescent nanosensors are of particular relevance because of their superior sensitivity. However, further improvements are still needed to enhance their selectivity and multiplexing capability, while ensuring their applicability in the analysis of complex matrices.
Results
The present study reports on the development of two paper-based analytical devices (PADs) involving luminescent silver nanoclusters (AgNCs) as sensing nanoreceptors for the simultaneous smartphone-assisted detection of sulfite and nitrite. The assays rely on the highly selective recognition of nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide by AgNCs protected with poly(methacrylate) and polyethylenimine, respectively, separately immobilized in the detection areas of PADs. Thus, in this work, AgNCs-containing PADs have been devised for the simultaneous determination of sulfite and nitrite involving in situ formation of the volatile derivatives and their selective trapping/interaction with the corresponding AgNCs nanoreceptors, leading to luminescence quenching. Two different configurations have been evaluated for the development of PAD-based nanosensors, namely in-vial PAD-based headspace microextraction (HS-PAD) and headspace 3D origami microfluidic PAD (HS-μPAD). Under optimal conditions, the developed assays showed limits of detection as low as 0.29 μM and 0.23 μM for sulfite and nitrite, respectively, for the HS-PAD approach, and 1.9 μM and 3.2 μM for the HS-μPAD configuration, with a repeatability expressed as relative standard deviation lower than 7.3 % (N = 8) in all cases. In addition, the developed PAD-based nanosensors were applied to the analysis of food samples, the results obtained showing excellent agreement with those obtained with reference methods.
Significance
This article reports, for the first time, on the assessment of AgNCs with different responsiveness as luminescent nanoprobes for the development of multiplexed paper-based nanosensors with headspace sampling. The proposed assays enable decentralized, affordable and straightforward detection of sulfite and nitrite, being complementary in terms of sample consumption and sensitivity, and represent advantageous alternatives for quality control and safety monitoring in the food industry.
{"title":"Multiplexed headspace paper-based analytical devices modified with silver nanoclusters for smartphone-based luminescent determination of inorganic preservatives in food samples","authors":"Nerea Villarino, Isela Lavilla, Francisco Pena-Pereira, Carlos Bendicho","doi":"10.1016/j.aca.2026.345136","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aca.2026.345136","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Reliable determination of inorganic chemical preservatives is essential for ensuring food safety, due to the health concerns associated to these compounds when present at excessive levels. Nitrite and sulfite, two inorganic preservatives widely used in the food industry, increasingly demand miniaturized alternatives to conventional analytical methods. In this regard, luminescent nanosensors are of particular relevance because of their superior sensitivity. However, further improvements are still needed to enhance their selectivity and multiplexing capability, while ensuring their applicability in the analysis of complex matrices.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The present study reports on the development of two paper-based analytical devices (PADs) involving luminescent silver nanoclusters (AgNCs) as sensing nanoreceptors for the simultaneous smartphone-assisted detection of sulfite and nitrite. The assays rely on the highly selective recognition of nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide by AgNCs protected with poly(methacrylate) and polyethylenimine, respectively, separately immobilized in the detection areas of PADs. Thus, in this work, AgNCs-containing PADs have been devised for the simultaneous determination of sulfite and nitrite involving <em>in situ</em> formation of the volatile derivatives and their selective trapping/interaction with the corresponding AgNCs nanoreceptors, leading to luminescence quenching. Two different configurations have been evaluated for the development of PAD-based nanosensors, namely in-vial PAD-based headspace microextraction (HS-PAD) and headspace 3D origami microfluidic PAD (HS-μPAD). Under optimal conditions, the developed assays showed limits of detection as low as 0.29 μM and 0.23 μM for sulfite and nitrite, respectively, for the HS-PAD approach, and 1.9 μM and 3.2 μM for the HS-μPAD configuration, with a repeatability expressed as relative standard deviation lower than 7.3 % (N = 8) in all cases. In addition, the developed PAD-based nanosensors were applied to the analysis of food samples, the results obtained showing excellent agreement with those obtained with reference methods.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>This article reports, for the first time, on the assessment of AgNCs with different responsiveness as luminescent nanoprobes for the development of multiplexed paper-based nanosensors with headspace sampling. The proposed assays enable decentralized, affordable and straightforward detection of sulfite and nitrite, being complementary in terms of sample consumption and sensitivity, and represent advantageous alternatives for quality control and safety monitoring in the food industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":240,"journal":{"name":"Analytica Chimica Acta","volume":"1391 ","pages":"Article 345136"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146033808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-22DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2026.345143
Reham Abu Ghoush, Fakhri Geday, Oz Alon, Vijaya Lakshmi Kanchustambham, Sarah E. Noll, Katherine Margulis
{"title":"Imaging Mammalian Lipids Using Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry: A Review","authors":"Reham Abu Ghoush, Fakhri Geday, Oz Alon, Vijaya Lakshmi Kanchustambham, Sarah E. Noll, Katherine Margulis","doi":"10.1016/j.aca.2026.345143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2026.345143","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":240,"journal":{"name":"Analytica Chimica Acta","volume":"142 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146033810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study introduces a data-driven deep learning framework for optimizing the extraction of plant biomolecules, aiming to improve both efficiency and sustainability in analytical sample preparation. Conventional extraction methods such as maceration, Soxhlet, reflux, and liquid–liquid partition, often paired with solvents of varying profiles are frequently resource-intensive and environmentally demanding. To address these limitations, we developed the Deep Green Optimization (DeepGO) framework, a hybrid CNN-LSTM deep learning model trained on more than five thousand experimental data points that includes sustainability indicators such as solvent properties, energy demand, and toxicity.
Results
The DeepGO framework predicts multiple extraction outcomes including extraction yields, phenolic, flavonoid, and tannin contents, as well as antioxidant and metal chelating activities. Decision-making algorithms revealed that moderately toxic and polar solvents, particularly n-butanol and ethyl acetate, generated the highest extraction efficiencies (R2 reached 0.87). We demonstrate that hexane and water, as the two solvents of extreme polarity, showed limited compatibility with these conventional methods (0.44<R2<0.65).
Significance
Based on environmental impact and energy consumption, the DeepGO framework provides a valuable predictive tool to enhance plant-based extractions. This approach substantially reduces solvent consumption, lowers energy demand, and minimizes waste generation, which are key aspects of sustainable chemical practices.
{"title":"AI-driven optimization of sustainable solvent-based extraction: A deep learning approach for green sample preparation","authors":"Hedi Mighri , Noureddine Jarray , Naima Bennour , Nesrine Harboub , Hafedh Hajlaoui , Raoudha Abdellaoui","doi":"10.1016/j.aca.2026.345106","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aca.2026.345106","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study introduces a data-driven deep learning framework for optimizing the extraction of plant biomolecules, aiming to improve both efficiency and sustainability in analytical sample preparation. Conventional extraction methods such as maceration, Soxhlet, reflux, and liquid–liquid partition, often paired with solvents of varying profiles are frequently resource-intensive and environmentally demanding. To address these limitations, we developed the Deep Green Optimization (DeepGO) framework, a hybrid CNN-LSTM deep learning model trained on more than five thousand experimental data points that includes sustainability indicators such as solvent properties, energy demand, and toxicity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The DeepGO framework predicts multiple extraction outcomes including extraction yields, phenolic, flavonoid, and tannin contents, as well as antioxidant and metal chelating activities. Decision-making algorithms revealed that moderately toxic and polar solvents, particularly n-butanol and ethyl acetate, generated the highest extraction efficiencies (<em>R</em><sup><em>2</em></sup> reached 0.87). We demonstrate that hexane and water, as the two solvents of extreme polarity, showed limited compatibility with these conventional methods (0.44<<em>R</em><sup><em>2</em></sup><0.65).</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>Based on environmental impact and energy consumption, the DeepGO framework provides a valuable predictive tool to enhance plant-based extractions. This approach substantially reduces solvent consumption, lowers energy demand, and minimizes waste generation, which are key aspects of sustainable chemical practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":240,"journal":{"name":"Analytica Chimica Acta","volume":"1390 ","pages":"Article 345106"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146014728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-21DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2026.345138
Xiaona Yin , Ziyan Zhang , Hao Luo , Xiaolin Qin , Yang Chen , Wentao Chen , Heping Zheng
RNA has become a versatile target for diagnosing a wide range of pathogens. The demand for rapid and accurate diagnostics in point-of-care (POC) or resource-limited settings is growing. However, most RNA-based assays depend on reverse transcription and complex instruments (e.g., RT-qPCR), restricting their use in these settings. Isothermal amplification methods provide a simpler alternative with reduced instrumentation requirements, but their high amplification efficiency raises concerns about nucleic acid carry-over contamination. To address these challenges, we developed RAPID (CRISPR–Cas13a with a cascade amplification circuit-driven DNAzyme), an isothermal, one-pot RNA detection biosensing platform that eliminates the need for sample pre-amplification. RAPID integrates the precise target recognition by CRISPR–Cas13a with robust signal amplification by a toehold-mediated strand-displacement DNA circuit, eliminating the need for reverse transcription and thermal cycling. This platform enables quantitative RNA detection within 30 min at 37 °C. By reprogramming RAPID crRNAs, we successfully detected both bacterial (e.g., Treponema pallidum and Neisseria gonorrhoeae) and viral (e.g., herpes simplex virus) targets. The RAPID platform is designed for versatile detection, being compatible with both fluorescence-based (RAPID-Flu) and lateral flow assay (RAPID-LFA) readouts. The RAPID-Flu and RAPID-LFA both demonstrated a sensitivity of 5 fM per reaction, exhibiting comparable detection limits. Both methods showed excellent specificity and high concordance with clinical diagnoses of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. In summary, the RAPID platform provides rapid, programmable, and visually interpretable solutions with strong potential for POC diagnostics. Its flexibility and portability make it particularly suitable for early diagnosis and on-site monitoring of diverse infectious pathogens.
{"title":"Amplification-free one-pot RNA detection by pairing CRISPR–Cas13a with cascade amplification circuit-driven DNAzyme (RAPID)","authors":"Xiaona Yin , Ziyan Zhang , Hao Luo , Xiaolin Qin , Yang Chen , Wentao Chen , Heping Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.aca.2026.345138","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aca.2026.345138","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>RNA has become a versatile target for diagnosing a wide range of pathogens. The demand for rapid and accurate diagnostics in point-of-care (POC) or resource-limited settings is growing. However, most RNA-based assays depend on reverse transcription and complex instruments (e.g., RT-qPCR), restricting their use in these settings. Isothermal amplification methods provide a simpler alternative with reduced instrumentation requirements, but their high amplification efficiency raises concerns about nucleic acid carry-over contamination. To address these challenges, we developed RAPID (C<u>R</u>ISPR–Cas13a with a c<u>a</u>scade am<u>p</u>lification c<u>i</u>rcuit-driven <u>D</u>NAzyme), an isothermal, one-pot RNA detection biosensing platform that eliminates the need for sample pre-amplification. RAPID integrates the precise target recognition by CRISPR–Cas13a with robust signal amplification by a toehold-mediated strand-displacement DNA circuit, eliminating the need for reverse transcription and thermal cycling. This platform enables quantitative RNA detection within 30 min at 37 °C. By reprogramming RAPID crRNAs, we successfully detected both bacterial (e.g., <em>Treponema pallidum</em> and <em>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</em>) and viral (e.g., herpes simplex virus) targets. The RAPID platform is designed for versatile detection, being compatible with both fluorescence-based (RAPID-Flu) and lateral flow assay (RAPID-LFA) readouts. The RAPID-Flu and RAPID-LFA both demonstrated a sensitivity of 5 fM per reaction, exhibiting comparable detection limits. Both methods showed excellent specificity and high concordance with clinical diagnoses of <em>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</em>. In summary, the RAPID platform provides rapid, programmable, and visually interpretable solutions with strong potential for POC diagnostics. Its flexibility and portability make it particularly suitable for early diagnosis and on-site monitoring of diverse infectious pathogens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":240,"journal":{"name":"Analytica Chimica Acta","volume":"1391 ","pages":"Article 345138"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146014730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-21DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2026.345137
Xueyong Qiao, Rongrong Yang, Zhonghui Han, Lei Lü, Xiaolei Zhao, Jinxing He
Background
The accurate, ultrasensitive, and on-site detection of pollutants is critical for public health. As a carcinogen, Sudan I is strictly forbidden from use in food products at any levels. However, the conventional method suffers from the high instrument cost and complex procedure, resulting in poor sensitivity, low portability, and long detection time. A ratiometric fluorescence sensor offers a promising prospect for the ultra-rapid, high sensitivity, visual detection, and “point-of-care” testing. The objective of this work was to address the insufficient selectivity of fluorescence probe and enhance the recognition capability and mass transfer rate while diversifying their signal output modes.
Results
In this study, a novel hollow metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) structural biomimetic nanosensor was developed for the specific recognition and rapid analysis of Sudan I. The sensor separately integrated CsPbCl1.5Br1.5 perovskite quantum dots and CdSe/ZnS quantum dots as dual-emission fluorophores into hollow MOFs-based molecularly imprinted polymers, acting as the recognition element and a signal carrier. The hollow architecture significantly improved mass transfer efficiency, reducing response time to 10 min. The developed nanosensor in instrumental analysis mode exhibited a linearity within the range of 2.00–200.00 μg L−1 at a method's detection limit of 1.00 μg L−1, indicating high accuracy with recoveries of 88.00–109.65 % in real samples. Furthermore, a smartphone-based portable platform was designed for on-site intelligence detection with a good linear range (0.15–5.00 μg mL−1), a method's detection limit of 0.05 μg mL−1, and recoveries ranging from 80.20 % to 109.00 %, allowing for real-time quantitative monitoring of Sudan I.
Significance
This study employs hollow MOFs as support materials for in-situ growth of the imprinting layer, ensuring high adsorption capability and rapid binding. The successful implementation of two detection modes provides a comprehensive solution from laboratory precision to field application. Particularly, the portable sensing system enables real-time and on-site quantitative monitoring. This work exhibits the significant potential for the high-performance chemical sensing and point-of-care detection of food contaminants.
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