Lenin once said that the three sources of Marxism were �German philosophy, English political economy, French socialism�. He thereby gave the mistaken impression that Marxist social theory was merely an eclectic mixture of incompatible approaches. It is not without irony that the spirit of Lenin�s bons mots in fact captures more accurately the thought of one of the most outspoken opponents of socialism, Friedrich A. Hayek. The normative dimension of Hayek�s work, as I will argue in my paper, is marked by an anti-socialist eclecticism that is grounded in an incoherent moral framework. His work draws on three sources of moral reasoning that deeply conflict with one another: (1) evolutionist relativism, (2) utilitarianism and (3) a Kantian conception of liberty. Hence he can be accused of attacking socialism whatever the costs � he tolerates fundamental inconsistencies in order to uphold his political position. This leads me to conclude that he fails to offer convincing justification of either the desirability of the neoliberal social order favoured by him, or the undesirability of socialism.
{"title":"The Three Sources of Anti-Socialism: A Critical Inquiry into the Normative Foundations of F.A. Hayek’s Politics","authors":"A. Gallas","doi":"10.1515/zksp-2015-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zksp-2015-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Lenin once said that the three sources of Marxism were â��German philosophy, English political economy, French socialismâ��. He thereby gave the mistaken impression that Marxist social theory was merely an eclectic mixture of incompatible approaches. It is not without irony that the spirit of Leninâ��s bons mots in fact captures more accurately the thought of one of the most outspoken opponents of socialism, Friedrich A. Hayek. The normative dimension of Hayekâ��s work, as I will argue in my paper, is marked by an anti-socialist eclecticism that is grounded in an incoherent moral framework. His work draws on three sources of moral reasoning that deeply conflict with one another: (1) evolutionist relativism, (2) utilitarianism and (3) a Kantian conception of liberty. Hence he can be accused of attacking socialism whatever the costs â�� he tolerates fundamental inconsistencies in order to uphold his political position. This leads me to conclude that he fails to offer convincing justification of either the desirability of the neoliberal social order favoured by him, or the undesirability of socialism.","PeriodicalId":250691,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für kritische Sozialtheorie und Philosophie","volume":"379 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132348948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The essay discusses Derek Jarman’s monochromatic film Blue. The interpretation of the film does not focus on its artistic examination of AIDS. Rather, it addresses the aesthetic self-reflexion of image and sound recording with regard to their arrangement and transformation into language. Amidst a flood of acoustic images, the blank screen assumes an auratic appearance. However, Blue does not obtain its autonomy as an artwork by radically rejecting the Culture Industry. Instead, the film can be considered as both an echo of the Culture Industry and its immanent critique. Finally, the question about the “Bildcharakter” – the image character – of this specific work of art arises.
{"title":"Ins Blaue","authors":"Martin Mettin","doi":"10.1515/zksp-2016-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zksp-2016-0015","url":null,"abstract":"The essay discusses Derek Jarman’s monochromatic film Blue. The interpretation of the film does not focus on its artistic examination of AIDS. Rather, it addresses the aesthetic self-reflexion of image and sound recording with regard to their arrangement and transformation into language. Amidst a flood of acoustic images, the blank screen assumes an auratic appearance. However, Blue does not obtain its autonomy as an artwork by radically rejecting the Culture Industry. Instead, the film can be considered as both an echo of the Culture Industry and its immanent critique. Finally, the question about the “Bildcharakter” – the image character – of this specific work of art arises.","PeriodicalId":250691,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für kritische Sozialtheorie und Philosophie","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116873599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Critically reconstructing Margaret Archer’s understanding of the subject, the article brings a conception of „situated reflexivity“ to the fore, which encompasses four strata: (1) the embeddedness of the individual in the social, natural and practical order; (2) social identity as the outcome of involuntary positioning, collective action and role-acquisition; (3) internal conversation as a reflective process about individual concerns and structural enablements/constrains; and (4) the person as a synthesis of personal and social identity. The article mainly challenges Archer’s inadequate consideration of intersubjectivity, her sole focus on draft-actions and the unsolved origin of emotions. 1 Der vorliegende Text stellt Überlegungen zur Diskussion, die ich in meiner Masterarbeit über Margaret Archer (vgl. Waldenburger 2013) entwickelt habe. Mein Dank gilt Dimitri Mader, Hannes Teutoburg-Weiss und allen voran Urs Lindner, die mit vielen anregenden Diskussionen und Hinweisen zum Entstehen dieses Artikels beigetragen haben. Lisa Waldenburger:M.A. Soziologie, erworben an der FSU Jena (03/2014), E ˗ Mail: lisa.waldenburger@gmail.com Zeitschrift für kritische Sozialtheorie und Philosophie 2014; 1(2): 276–297
本文批判性地重构了玛格丽特·阿切尔对主体的理解，提出了“情境反身性”的概念，它包含四个层面:(1)个体在社会、自然和实践秩序中的嵌入性;(2)社会认同是无意识定位、集体行动和角色获得的结果;(3)内部对话作为对个人关注和结构实现/约束的反思过程;(4)人作为个人身份和社会身份的综合体。本文主要挑战了阿彻对主体间性的不充分考虑、她对草案行为的单一关注和对情感起源的未解之处。1《文学与文学》(Der vorliegende Text stellt Überlegungen zur讨论，die ich in meiner Masterarbeit )作者玛格丽特·阿切尔(Margaret Archer)Waldenburger 2013) entwickelt habe。我将与Dimitri Mader, Hannes Teutoburg-Weiss和allen voran Urs Lindner合作，并与Hinweisen zen和entstefes Artikels beigetragen haben合作。丽莎瓦尔登堡:硕士《社会理论与哲学》(2014)，E - Mail: lisa.waldenburger@gmail.com Zeitschrift frkritische社会理论与哲学2014;1 (2): 276 - 297
{"title":"Situierte Reflexivität","authors":"Lisa Waldenburger","doi":"10.1515/zksp-2014-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zksp-2014-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Critically reconstructing Margaret Archer’s understanding of the subject, the article brings a conception of „situated reflexivity“ to the fore, which encompasses four strata: (1) the embeddedness of the individual in the social, natural and practical order; (2) social identity as the outcome of involuntary positioning, collective action and role-acquisition; (3) internal conversation as a reflective process about individual concerns and structural enablements/constrains; and (4) the person as a synthesis of personal and social identity. The article mainly challenges Archer’s inadequate consideration of intersubjectivity, her sole focus on draft-actions and the unsolved origin of emotions. 1 Der vorliegende Text stellt Überlegungen zur Diskussion, die ich in meiner Masterarbeit über Margaret Archer (vgl. Waldenburger 2013) entwickelt habe. Mein Dank gilt Dimitri Mader, Hannes Teutoburg-Weiss und allen voran Urs Lindner, die mit vielen anregenden Diskussionen und Hinweisen zum Entstehen dieses Artikels beigetragen haben. Lisa Waldenburger:M.A. Soziologie, erworben an der FSU Jena (03/2014), E ˗ Mail: lisa.waldenburger@gmail.com Zeitschrift für kritische Sozialtheorie und Philosophie 2014; 1(2): 276–297","PeriodicalId":250691,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für kritische Sozialtheorie und Philosophie","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126125486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
There is only a few philosophical literature which examines the normative differences between child poverty and adult poverty. Based within a recognition theoretical critique of poverty, I will argue that the concepts of vulnerability and autonomy are well suited to capture these gradual and categorical differences. First, I will argue that children are more vulnerable and that their vulnerability makes them particularly affected by poverty. Second, I will argue that poverty during childhood distorts the possibilities of those children to develop into autonomous beings. Child poverty has to be criticized in such a life course perspective.
{"title":"Verletzbarkeit und Autonomie im Lebenslauf","authors":"Gottfried Schweiger","doi":"10.1515/zksp-2015-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zksp-2015-0018","url":null,"abstract":"There is only a few philosophical literature which examines the normative differences between child poverty and adult poverty. Based within a recognition theoretical critique of poverty, I will argue that the concepts of vulnerability and autonomy are well suited to capture these gradual and categorical differences. First, I will argue that children are more vulnerable and that their vulnerability makes them particularly affected by poverty. Second, I will argue that poverty during childhood distorts the possibilities of those children to develop into autonomous beings. Child poverty has to be criticized in such a life course perspective.","PeriodicalId":250691,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für kritische Sozialtheorie und Philosophie","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130577647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Zur Frage nach der ‘kapitalistischen Technik’","authors":"J. Giest","doi":"10.1515/zksp-2016-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zksp-2016-0003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":250691,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für kritische Sozialtheorie und Philosophie","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131339987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The virtual universe of games is about the fear of loss of self. To escape this – as with historical game-machines – the uncontrollable, the unmanageable, the boundless and the mysterious, in short the real imponderables of life, are suppressed. Both worlds are the expression of a mechanistic worldview. Therefore, one has to critically-theoretically consider that Homo Ludens is all too easily exploited when playing is primarily aimed at programming those subjective utility-maximizing skills that are, in the short term, useful (according to their own underlying basic principles) to the prevailing values of political and economic systems; when playing is seen only as an economic category and players as mere consumers; or when playing is used to control and train unquestioned social rules, no matter what the cost.
{"title":"Spiel-Automaten – virtueller Spiele-Kosmos: Der verautomatisierte Mensch","authors":"Manfred Oberlechner","doi":"10.1515/zksp-2016-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zksp-2016-0005","url":null,"abstract":"The virtual universe of games is about the fear of loss of self. To escape this – as with historical game-machines – the uncontrollable, the unmanageable, the boundless and the mysterious, in short the real imponderables of life, are suppressed. Both worlds are the expression of a mechanistic worldview. Therefore, one has to critically-theoretically consider that Homo Ludens is all too easily exploited when playing is primarily aimed at programming those subjective utility-maximizing skills that are, in the short term, useful (according to their own underlying basic principles) to the prevailing values of political and economic systems; when playing is seen only as an economic category and players as mere consumers; or when playing is used to control and train unquestioned social rules, no matter what the cost.","PeriodicalId":250691,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für kritische Sozialtheorie und Philosophie","volume":"185 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123251793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zusammenfassung Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit sogenannter „psychopathologischer Kunst“, im Besonderen mit einigen künstlerischen Arbeiten zweier langjähriger Patienten psychiatrischer Anstalten: Gustav Sievers’ und Erich Spießbachs. Sievers, der 1941 den „Euthanasie-Aktionen“ der Nazis zum Opfer fiel, verbrachte beinahe 40 Jahre in „Irrenanstalten“; Spießbach, der 1956 bei einem Fluchtversuch aus seiner Anstalt starb, fast 14. Der Beitrag wendet sich gegen die Vorstellung, aus den Werken ließen sich Rückschlüsse auf die psychische Verfassung oder gar das „innere Wesen“ ihrer Schöpfer ziehen. Wenn sich nach Adorno Kunst im Sinne einer materialistischen Ästhetik im Verhältnis zu dem ihr Auswendigen bestimmt, sind die genannten Werke dahingehend zu untersuchen, inwiefern sich in ihnen die individuellen Erfahrungen der Künstler ausdrücken, die sich im Falle psychiatrischer Anstaltspatienten aus einem besonderen Verhältnis von Individuum und Gesellschaft ergeben. Der Wahrheitsgehalt der Werke wird in ihrer negativen Reflexion des gesellschaftlichen Zustands aufgesucht, wie sie sich insbesondere in den inhaltlichen Motiven darstellt.
{"title":"Für immer beerdigt und ewig blamiert","authors":"Simon Duckheim, Dirk Braunstein","doi":"10.1515/zksp-2016-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zksp-2016-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Zusammenfassung Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit sogenannter „psychopathologischer Kunst“, im Besonderen mit einigen künstlerischen Arbeiten zweier langjähriger Patienten psychiatrischer Anstalten: Gustav Sievers’ und Erich Spießbachs. Sievers, der 1941 den „Euthanasie-Aktionen“ der Nazis zum Opfer fiel, verbrachte beinahe 40 Jahre in „Irrenanstalten“; Spießbach, der 1956 bei einem Fluchtversuch aus seiner Anstalt starb, fast 14. Der Beitrag wendet sich gegen die Vorstellung, aus den Werken ließen sich Rückschlüsse auf die psychische Verfassung oder gar das „innere Wesen“ ihrer Schöpfer ziehen. Wenn sich nach Adorno Kunst im Sinne einer materialistischen Ästhetik im Verhältnis zu dem ihr Auswendigen bestimmt, sind die genannten Werke dahingehend zu untersuchen, inwiefern sich in ihnen die individuellen Erfahrungen der Künstler ausdrücken, die sich im Falle psychiatrischer Anstaltspatienten aus einem besonderen Verhältnis von Individuum und Gesellschaft ergeben. Der Wahrheitsgehalt der Werke wird in ihrer negativen Reflexion des gesellschaftlichen Zustands aufgesucht, wie sie sich insbesondere in den inhaltlichen Motiven darstellt.","PeriodicalId":250691,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für kritische Sozialtheorie und Philosophie","volume":"12 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120856520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Through the eyes of Critical Whiteness and within its conception of racism, Islam is not regarded as a premodern ideology of rulership, but as a „nonwhite“ part of „cultural diversity“. Islam therefore seems to be oppressed by „white supremacy“, meaning Western civilization. The critiqiue of Islam, the islamic „Other“ and the Orient appears to be part of colonial production of knowledge without an adequate relationship to reality. Embedded in radical constructivsm (of language) and unrelated to universalism, anti-racism is unable to reflect on islamization as a real and dangerous phenomenon and becomes an ideology of appeasement.
{"title":"Islamischer Antirassismus","authors":"Felix Perrefort","doi":"10.1515/zksp-2018-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zksp-2018-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Through the eyes of Critical Whiteness and within its conception of racism, Islam is not regarded as a premodern ideology of rulership, but as a „nonwhite“ part of „cultural diversity“. Islam therefore seems to be oppressed by „white supremacy“, meaning Western civilization. The critiqiue of Islam, the islamic „Other“ and the Orient appears to be part of colonial production of knowledge without an adequate relationship to reality. Embedded in radical constructivsm (of language) and unrelated to universalism, anti-racism is unable to reflect on islamization as a real and dangerous phenomenon and becomes an ideology of appeasement.","PeriodicalId":250691,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für kritische Sozialtheorie und Philosophie","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121339960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
„Materialismus“ heißt ein Verstehenszusammenhang, wenn er der Materie den Primat unter dem Verstandenen zuspricht. „Ästhetisch“ heißt ein Verstehenszusammenhang, wenn er die Eigenart des Ästhetischen erfasst. „Ästhetischer Materialismus“ darf daher der Titel für einen Verstehenszusammenhang lauten, der die Eigenart des Ästhetischen unter dem Primat der Materie erfasst. Seine Bestimmung soll im Folgenden umrissen werden.
{"title":"Ästhetischer Materialismus","authors":"G. Hindrichs","doi":"10.1515/zksp-2016-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zksp-2016-0013","url":null,"abstract":"„Materialismus“ heißt ein Verstehenszusammenhang, wenn er der Materie den Primat unter dem Verstandenen zuspricht. „Ästhetisch“ heißt ein Verstehenszusammenhang, wenn er die Eigenart des Ästhetischen erfasst. „Ästhetischer Materialismus“ darf daher der Titel für einen Verstehenszusammenhang lauten, der die Eigenart des Ästhetischen unter dem Primat der Materie erfasst. Seine Bestimmung soll im Folgenden umrissen werden.","PeriodicalId":250691,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für kritische Sozialtheorie und Philosophie","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116325452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article deals with different theories on the correlation between technological progress and social emancipation. Contributions from the last decades are identified as an ongoing debate about so called Computer-Socialism. Referring to Herbert Marcuse and Ernst Bloch we can differentiate the ideological and utopian aspects in those theories.
{"title":"Computer-Sozialismus – Zwischen technokratischer Ideologie & konkreter Utopie","authors":"Alexander Neupert-Doppler","doi":"10.1515/zksp-2016-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zksp-2016-0007","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with different theories on the correlation between technological progress and social emancipation. Contributions from the last decades are identified as an ongoing debate about so called Computer-Socialism. Referring to Herbert Marcuse and Ernst Bloch we can differentiate the ideological and utopian aspects in those theories.","PeriodicalId":250691,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für kritische Sozialtheorie und Philosophie","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126083392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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