Pub Date : 2005-02-01DOI: 10.1191/0143624405bt112oa
Sean Belcher, J. Hacker, D. Powell
We develop a method, here called ‘morphing’, to produce design weather data for building thermal simulations that accounts for future changes to climate. Morphing combines present-day observed weather data with results from climate models. The procedure yields weather time series that encapsulate the average weather conditions of future climate scenarios, whilst preserving realistic weather sequences. In this sense the method ‘downscales’ coarse resolution climate model predictions to the fine spatial and temporal resolutions required for building thermal simulations. The morphing procedure is illustrated by application to CIBSE design weather years and climate change scenarios for the UK. Heating degree days calculated from the weather series morphed to future climates show a marked reduction compared to present day, by an amount that agrees well with results calculated directly from the climate model. This agreement gives confidence that the morphing technique faithfully transforms the weather sequences. Practical application: There is overwhelming consensus amongst the scientific community that the Earth's climate is warming. This warming will have implications for building services in the UK that should be considered now. This article describes a method for producing weather data with best current estimates of future climate that can be used to quantify the risk of building overheating.
{"title":"Constructing design weather data for future climates","authors":"Sean Belcher, J. Hacker, D. Powell","doi":"10.1191/0143624405bt112oa","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1191/0143624405bt112oa","url":null,"abstract":"We develop a method, here called ‘morphing’, to produce design weather data for building thermal simulations that accounts for future changes to climate. Morphing combines present-day observed weather data with results from climate models. The procedure yields weather time series that encapsulate the average weather conditions of future climate scenarios, whilst preserving realistic weather sequences. In this sense the method ‘downscales’ coarse resolution climate model predictions to the fine spatial and temporal resolutions required for building thermal simulations. The morphing procedure is illustrated by application to CIBSE design weather years and climate change scenarios for the UK. Heating degree days calculated from the weather series morphed to future climates show a marked reduction compared to present day, by an amount that agrees well with results calculated directly from the climate model. This agreement gives confidence that the morphing technique faithfully transforms the weather sequences. Practical application: There is overwhelming consensus amongst the scientific community that the Earth's climate is warming. This warming will have implications for building services in the UK that should be considered now. This article describes a method for producing weather data with best current estimates of future climate that can be used to quantify the risk of building overheating.","PeriodicalId":272488,"journal":{"name":"Building Services Engineering Research and Technology","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124223358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-02-01DOI: 10.1191/0143624405bt116tn
D. Roberts, D. Johnston, J. Isle
This paper describes a novel approach that can be used to construct airtight drylined load-bearing masonry dwellings. This involves the application of a thin layer of ‘parging’ to the internal blockwork leaf of all external walls. Whilst this approach has so far only been undertaken on a field trial using one dwelling, the results suggest that the application of the parging layer improves the airtightness of the dwelling substantially and air leakage rates of less than 5 m3/h per m2at 50 Pa can be achieved. The paper also identifies a number of additional measures which, if undertaken, could reduce the air leakage of this dwelling even further. Practical application: Airtight construction techniques are increasingly required in order to comply with Part L of the building regulations. Wet plastering is very successful in reducing air leakage through load-bearing masonry construction but is rarely used nowadays because of its longer drying time compared with drylining. The novel approach described in this paper provides the advantages, of both systems by applying a quick-drying airtight barrier before drylining.
{"title":"A novel approach to achieving airtightness in drylined load-bearing masonry dwellings","authors":"D. Roberts, D. Johnston, J. Isle","doi":"10.1191/0143624405bt116tn","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1191/0143624405bt116tn","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a novel approach that can be used to construct airtight drylined load-bearing masonry dwellings. This involves the application of a thin layer of ‘parging’ to the internal blockwork leaf of all external walls. Whilst this approach has so far only been undertaken on a field trial using one dwelling, the results suggest that the application of the parging layer improves the airtightness of the dwelling substantially and air leakage rates of less than 5 m3/h per m2at 50 Pa can be achieved. The paper also identifies a number of additional measures which, if undertaken, could reduce the air leakage of this dwelling even further. Practical application: Airtight construction techniques are increasingly required in order to comply with Part L of the building regulations. Wet plastering is very successful in reducing air leakage through load-bearing masonry construction but is rarely used nowadays because of its longer drying time compared with drylining. The novel approach described in this paper provides the advantages, of both systems by applying a quick-drying airtight barrier before drylining.","PeriodicalId":272488,"journal":{"name":"Building Services Engineering Research and Technology","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129001460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-11-01DOI: 10.1191/0143624404bt096oa
M. Davies, M. Tirovic, Z. Ye, P. Baker
This paper argues that there is a pressing need for a suitable instrument capable of insitu moisture measurements in building envelopes. Techniques do exist for such moisture measurement but all exhibit deficiencies in at least one critical area. A thermal dual-probe is investigated as a candidate for an appropriate instrument. As part of an ongoing study, two modelling approaches to investigate this issue are described. Firstly, the use of a one-dimensional heat and moisture transfer model to investigate the impact of the instrument on any moisture movement within a sample is described. Secondly, the development and testing of two and three-dimensional finite element (FE) models is detailed and initial evidence provided that there are no major barriers to the design of a successful dual-probe instrument for use in a range of building fabrics. It appears that the dual probe approach is indeed applicable to moisture measurements in typical building fabrics. A proven FE model is now available and this model will be used to optimize the design of the probe. Future papers will report on the optimization, building and testing of the instrument.
{"title":"A low cost, accurate instrument to measure the moisture content of building envelopes in situ: a modelling study","authors":"M. Davies, M. Tirovic, Z. Ye, P. Baker","doi":"10.1191/0143624404bt096oa","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1191/0143624404bt096oa","url":null,"abstract":"This paper argues that there is a pressing need for a suitable instrument capable of insitu moisture measurements in building envelopes. Techniques do exist for such moisture measurement but all exhibit deficiencies in at least one critical area. A thermal dual-probe is investigated as a candidate for an appropriate instrument. As part of an ongoing study, two modelling approaches to investigate this issue are described. Firstly, the use of a one-dimensional heat and moisture transfer model to investigate the impact of the instrument on any moisture movement within a sample is described. Secondly, the development and testing of two and three-dimensional finite element (FE) models is detailed and initial evidence provided that there are no major barriers to the design of a successful dual-probe instrument for use in a range of building fabrics. It appears that the dual probe approach is indeed applicable to moisture measurements in typical building fabrics. A proven FE model is now available and this model will be used to optimize the design of the probe. Future papers will report on the optimization, building and testing of the instrument.","PeriodicalId":272488,"journal":{"name":"Building Services Engineering Research and Technology","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122616125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-11-01DOI: 10.1191/0143624404bt108oa
Acsb Silva, Jab Cunha Neto, R. Lamberts
This article presents a one-dimensional model of spray vaporization that can be easily used in thermal performance simulations of buildings. A mathematical model of momentum, heat and mass transfer in the atomization zone was developed. Using a discrete particles model with separate flows and solving a non-homogeneous ordinary differential equations system, it is possible to verify the outflow, temperature and humidity of the treated air, at the end of the plume. These algorithms could be coupled to a building simulation code.
{"title":"Modelling spray vaporization for evaporative cooling of buildings","authors":"Acsb Silva, Jab Cunha Neto, R. Lamberts","doi":"10.1191/0143624404bt108oa","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1191/0143624404bt108oa","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a one-dimensional model of spray vaporization that can be easily used in thermal performance simulations of buildings. A mathematical model of momentum, heat and mass transfer in the atomization zone was developed. Using a discrete particles model with separate flows and solving a non-homogeneous ordinary differential equations system, it is possible to verify the outflow, temperature and humidity of the treated air, at the end of the plume. These algorithms could be coupled to a building simulation code.","PeriodicalId":272488,"journal":{"name":"Building Services Engineering Research and Technology","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126450350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-11-01DOI: 10.1191/0143624404bt097oa
M. Wetter, E. Polak
Thermal building simulation programs, such as EnergyPlus, compute numerical approximations to solutions of systems of differential algebraic equations. We show that the exact solutions of these systems are usually smooth in the building design parameters, but that the numerical approximations are usually discontinuous due to adaptive solvers and finite precision computations. If such approximate solutions are used in conjunction with optimization algorithms that depend on smoothness of the cost function, one needs to compute high precision solutions, which can be prohibitively expensive if used for all iterations. For such situations, we have developed an adaptive simulation–precision control algorithm that can be used in conjunction with a family of derivative free optimization algorithms. We present the main ingredients of the composite algorithms, we prove that the resulting composite algorithms construct sequences with stationary accumulation points, and we show by numerical experiments that using coarse approximations in the early iterations can significantly reduce computation time.
{"title":"A convergent optimization method using pattern search algorithms with adaptive precision simulation","authors":"M. Wetter, E. Polak","doi":"10.1191/0143624404bt097oa","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1191/0143624404bt097oa","url":null,"abstract":"Thermal building simulation programs, such as EnergyPlus, compute numerical approximations to solutions of systems of differential algebraic equations. We show that the exact solutions of these systems are usually smooth in the building design parameters, but that the numerical approximations are usually discontinuous due to adaptive solvers and finite precision computations. If such approximate solutions are used in conjunction with optimization algorithms that depend on smoothness of the cost function, one needs to compute high precision solutions, which can be prohibitively expensive if used for all iterations. For such situations, we have developed an adaptive simulation–precision control algorithm that can be used in conjunction with a family of derivative free optimization algorithms. We present the main ingredients of the composite algorithms, we prove that the resulting composite algorithms construct sequences with stationary accumulation points, and we show by numerical experiments that using coarse approximations in the early iterations can significantly reduce computation time.","PeriodicalId":272488,"journal":{"name":"Building Services Engineering Research and Technology","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121115716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-11-01DOI: 10.1191/0143624404bt095oa
F. Yu, Kt Chan
This paper describes an operating strategy of condensing temperature control (CTC), which means regulating the set point of condensing temperature based on the outdoor temperature, to enhance the efficiency of air-cooled chillers used in air-conditioned buildings. A mathematical model of an air-cooled chiller is developed for simulation and is validated by using the operating data of an existing chiller and of an experimental chiller. Compared to head pressure control (HPC) with a fixed set point of condensing temperature, CTC brings a moderate rise in the condensing temperature above the outdoor temperature, and hence enables the compressors to operate at a lower condensing pressure through staging more condenser fans. While more condenser fan power is consumed, compressor power can drop considerablely, reducing the annual chiller power consumption by 18.4%. It is suggested that the condensing temperature can be coupled with the outdoor temperature and the part load ratio of chillers to gauge the achievable part load efficiency.
{"title":"Condensing temperature control to enhance the efficiency of air-cooled chillers","authors":"F. Yu, Kt Chan","doi":"10.1191/0143624404bt095oa","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1191/0143624404bt095oa","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes an operating strategy of condensing temperature control (CTC), which means regulating the set point of condensing temperature based on the outdoor temperature, to enhance the efficiency of air-cooled chillers used in air-conditioned buildings. A mathematical model of an air-cooled chiller is developed for simulation and is validated by using the operating data of an existing chiller and of an experimental chiller. Compared to head pressure control (HPC) with a fixed set point of condensing temperature, CTC brings a moderate rise in the condensing temperature above the outdoor temperature, and hence enables the compressors to operate at a lower condensing pressure through staging more condenser fans. While more condenser fan power is consumed, compressor power can drop considerablely, reducing the annual chiller power consumption by 18.4%. It is suggested that the condensing temperature can be coupled with the outdoor temperature and the part load ratio of chillers to gauge the achievable part load efficiency.","PeriodicalId":272488,"journal":{"name":"Building Services Engineering Research and Technology","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130342930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-11-01DOI: 10.1191/0143624404bt099oa
A. Grant, N. Kelly
Power production is shifting away from centralized generation plants to production of heat and power at the point of demand. A technology that may play a part in this shift is the ducted wind turbine (DWT). The emergence of small building integrated micro turbines opens up the possibility of utilizing the differential pressures occurring around buildings for local power production. This paper describes work to develop and test a simple mathematical model of a ducted wind turbine and its integration within a building simulation tool. A case study in which the simulation model will be used to analyse of the likely power output from a building incorporating ducted wind turbines within the façade is also presented.
{"title":"A ducted wind turbine model for building simulation","authors":"A. Grant, N. Kelly","doi":"10.1191/0143624404bt099oa","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1191/0143624404bt099oa","url":null,"abstract":"Power production is shifting away from centralized generation plants to production of heat and power at the point of demand. A technology that may play a part in this shift is the ducted wind turbine (DWT). The emergence of small building integrated micro turbines opens up the possibility of utilizing the differential pressures occurring around buildings for local power production. This paper describes work to develop and test a simple mathematical model of a ducted wind turbine and its integration within a building simulation tool. A case study in which the simulation model will be used to analyse of the likely power output from a building incorporating ducted wind turbines within the façade is also presented.","PeriodicalId":272488,"journal":{"name":"Building Services Engineering Research and Technology","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121654420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-11-01DOI: 10.1191/0143624404bt100oa
S. Emmerich, C. Howard-Reed, S. Nabinger
To provide additional validation data for the multizone airflow and contaminant model, CONTAMW, experiments were performed in an occupied three-storey townhouse in Reston, VA. A tracer gas, sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), was manually injected within one room of the house and the concentration of SF6 was then measured in nine rooms. This same process was then recreated in CONTAMW and the resulting predictions were statistically compared to the measured values. A total of 10 experiments were conducted and simulated between May 2000 and June 2001. In four cases, the heating and air-conditioning system fan was operating. SF6 was injected in the recreation room (basement level), the kitchen= dining room (main level) and the master bedroom (upstairs level). A statistical comparison of measurements and predictions was performed per ASTM D5157 (ASTM 1997) for all cases. Comparisons were made for overall zone average concentrations and individual zone transient concentrations. The results for zone average concentrations were very good with many cases meeting most or all of the D5157 criteria. Several cases showed a poor to fair correlation between average measurements and predictions due to discrepancies with a single zonemdashthe main floor bathroommdashbut excluding that zone resulted in these cases meeting or nearly meeting the D5157 criteria. Comparisons of individual zone transient concentrations were mixed with many good to excellent cases but also numerous fair to poor. Zones other than the bathroom had occasional poor comparisons between predictions and measurements but no consistent discrepancies. The predicted SF6 concentration averaged over all zones and cases was within 10% of the average measured concentration.
{"title":"Validation of multizone IAQ model predictions for tracer gas in a townhouse","authors":"S. Emmerich, C. Howard-Reed, S. Nabinger","doi":"10.1191/0143624404bt100oa","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1191/0143624404bt100oa","url":null,"abstract":"To provide additional validation data for the multizone airflow and contaminant model, CONTAMW, experiments were performed in an occupied three-storey townhouse in Reston, VA. A tracer gas, sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), was manually injected within one room of the house and the concentration of SF6 was then measured in nine rooms. This same process was then recreated in CONTAMW and the resulting predictions were statistically compared to the measured values. A total of 10 experiments were conducted and simulated between May 2000 and June 2001. In four cases, the heating and air-conditioning system fan was operating. SF6 was injected in the recreation room (basement level), the kitchen= dining room (main level) and the master bedroom (upstairs level). A statistical comparison of measurements and predictions was performed per ASTM D5157 (ASTM 1997) for all cases. Comparisons were made for overall zone average concentrations and individual zone transient concentrations. The results for zone average concentrations were very good with many cases meeting most or all of the D5157 criteria. Several cases showed a poor to fair correlation between average measurements and predictions due to discrepancies with a single zonemdashthe main floor bathroommdashbut excluding that zone resulted in these cases meeting or nearly meeting the D5157 criteria. Comparisons of individual zone transient concentrations were mixed with many good to excellent cases but also numerous fair to poor. Zones other than the bathroom had occasional poor comparisons between predictions and measurements but no consistent discrepancies. The predicted SF6 concentration averaged over all zones and cases was within 10% of the average measured concentration.","PeriodicalId":272488,"journal":{"name":"Building Services Engineering Research and Technology","volume":"51 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120907229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-11-01DOI: 10.1191/0143624404bt101oa
H. Moon, G. Augenbroe
The most dominant moisture-related problem in buildings is mould growth. Although recent research has established the causal, physical biological relationships between moisture content, temperature, material type, and mould growth, we do not have an established set of causal relationships between certain building parameters and the risk of mould growth. This paper will deal with the first stage of research that focuses on the construction of a ‘performance indicator’ (PI) that expresses the mould growth risk in existing buildings as the causal effect of certain building parameters. This stage focuses on the accurate prediction of mould growth based on the availability of detailed information about the physical states of building materials over time. These states will be aggregated into a PI value that is meaningful to the actual risk.
{"title":"Towards a practical mould growth risk indicator","authors":"H. Moon, G. Augenbroe","doi":"10.1191/0143624404bt101oa","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1191/0143624404bt101oa","url":null,"abstract":"The most dominant moisture-related problem in buildings is mould growth. Although recent research has established the causal, physical biological relationships between moisture content, temperature, material type, and mould growth, we do not have an established set of causal relationships between certain building parameters and the risk of mould growth. This paper will deal with the first stage of research that focuses on the construction of a ‘performance indicator’ (PI) that expresses the mould growth risk in existing buildings as the causal effect of certain building parameters. This stage focuses on the accurate prediction of mould growth based on the availability of detailed information about the physical states of building materials over time. These states will be aggregated into a PI value that is meaningful to the actual risk.","PeriodicalId":272488,"journal":{"name":"Building Services Engineering Research and Technology","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125760123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-08-01DOI: 10.1191/0143624404bt109oa
E. Djunaedy, J. Hensen, M. Loomans
With the advancement of technology, and with the widespread availability of simulation tools, we are forced to consider which simulation tool would be appropriate for a particular problem. This seemingly trivial decision is in reality not very easy to make. Very often this leads to the practice of using the most sophisticated tool available for every problem. The levels of resolution and complexity of simulations are directly related to the accuracy of the simulation and to the total cost of the simulation process. A simple tool may be cheaper, but there is a high risk of inaccuracy. An advanced tool could be more accurate, but it needs a huge amount of resource in terms of computing power, labour, and the advanced knowledge to perform the simulation and interpret the results. This paper proposes a guideline for selecting a simulation tool for airflow prediction. Sensitivity analysis is selected as the tool for decision making. A case study is used to highlight the proposed method.
{"title":"Selecting an appropriate tool for airflow simulation in buildings","authors":"E. Djunaedy, J. Hensen, M. Loomans","doi":"10.1191/0143624404bt109oa","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1191/0143624404bt109oa","url":null,"abstract":"With the advancement of technology, and with the widespread availability of simulation tools, we are forced to consider which simulation tool would be appropriate for a particular problem. This seemingly trivial decision is in reality not very easy to make. Very often this leads to the practice of using the most sophisticated tool available for every problem. The levels of resolution and complexity of simulations are directly related to the accuracy of the simulation and to the total cost of the simulation process. A simple tool may be cheaper, but there is a high risk of inaccuracy. An advanced tool could be more accurate, but it needs a huge amount of resource in terms of computing power, labour, and the advanced knowledge to perform the simulation and interpret the results. This paper proposes a guideline for selecting a simulation tool for airflow prediction. Sensitivity analysis is selected as the tool for decision making. A case study is used to highlight the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":272488,"journal":{"name":"Building Services Engineering Research and Technology","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114501751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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