Pub Date : 2010-06-02DOI: 10.1109/ESD.2010.5598873
Omar H. Abdalla, H. Al-Hadi, H. Al-Riyami
The paper presents simulation studies of installing distributed generation (DG) at a number of grid stations in the main transmission system of Oman. The diesel-engine driven generator units are required on a temporary basis to aid in meeting the peak demand. A digital model is developed to simulate the system including power plants, transmission system, loads and the proposed DG. The simulation studies are performed by using the DIgSILENT software package. The objective of the studies is to demonstrate effects of the DG in improving system performance in terms of voltage profile, line and transformer loadings, and transmission losses. The results include comparison of the contribution of individual generation at each site and the case with all proposed distributed generators installed.
{"title":"Performance of Oman transmission system with distributed generation","authors":"Omar H. Abdalla, H. Al-Hadi, H. Al-Riyami","doi":"10.1109/ESD.2010.5598873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESD.2010.5598873","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents simulation studies of installing distributed generation (DG) at a number of grid stations in the main transmission system of Oman. The diesel-engine driven generator units are required on a temporary basis to aid in meeting the peak demand. A digital model is developed to simulate the system including power plants, transmission system, loads and the proposed DG. The simulation studies are performed by using the DIgSILENT software package. The objective of the studies is to demonstrate effects of the DG in improving system performance in terms of voltage profile, line and transformer loadings, and transmission losses. The results include comparison of the contribution of individual generation at each site and the case with all proposed distributed generators installed.","PeriodicalId":272782,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Energy and Sustainable Development: Issues and Strategies (ESD 2010)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127004884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-02DOI: 10.1109/ESD.2010.5598789
P. Bajpai, Sowjan Kumar, Navneet Kishore
Decentralized distributed generation technologies based on renewable energy recourses such as Solar PhotoVoltaic (SPV)/ Wind Turbine Generators (WTG) address the major issues concerned with conventional diesel generators to a large extent and are therefore considered as emerging alternate power solutions to stand alone applications. Three stand alone WTG power systems using different energy storage technologies, i.e. WTG-Battery system, WTG-Fuel Cell (FC) system and WTG-FC-Battery system are optimized and compared in this paper. The analysis of such hybrid systems feeding a standalone load of 45.6 kWh/day energy consumption with a 2.3 kW peak power demand is carried out using Hybrid Optimization Model for Electrical Renewable (HOMER) software. Based on simulation results, it was found that WTG-FC-Battery hybrid system is most economic solution compare to either single storage system. Cost sensitivity analysis with wind speed is also performed in this paper.
{"title":"Sizing optimization and analysis of a stand-alone WTG system using hybrid energy storage technologies","authors":"P. Bajpai, Sowjan Kumar, Navneet Kishore","doi":"10.1109/ESD.2010.5598789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESD.2010.5598789","url":null,"abstract":"Decentralized distributed generation technologies based on renewable energy recourses such as Solar PhotoVoltaic (SPV)/ Wind Turbine Generators (WTG) address the major issues concerned with conventional diesel generators to a large extent and are therefore considered as emerging alternate power solutions to stand alone applications. Three stand alone WTG power systems using different energy storage technologies, i.e. WTG-Battery system, WTG-Fuel Cell (FC) system and WTG-FC-Battery system are optimized and compared in this paper. The analysis of such hybrid systems feeding a standalone load of 45.6 kWh/day energy consumption with a 2.3 kW peak power demand is carried out using Hybrid Optimization Model for Electrical Renewable (HOMER) software. Based on simulation results, it was found that WTG-FC-Battery hybrid system is most economic solution compare to either single storage system. Cost sensitivity analysis with wind speed is also performed in this paper.","PeriodicalId":272782,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Energy and Sustainable Development: Issues and Strategies (ESD 2010)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133181692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-02DOI: 10.1109/ESD.2010.5598858
M. Pimsarn, Parkpoom Sriromreun, P. Promvonge
An experiment is focused on the design of the suitable ribs used for enhancing heat transfer in a rectangular duct heat exchanger by using wall heat transfer (Nusselt number), friction loss (friction factor) and thermal performance (thermal enhancement factor) data. The Z-shaped ribs were set on the rectangular duct at 30°, 45° and 60° and flat rib was set at 90° relative to the air flow direction. Reynolds numbers studied ranging from 5000 to 25,000 in the test section. The rectangular duct has aspect ratio, AR = 10 and height, H = 30 mm with the Z-rib height (e), e/H = 0.2 and the rib pitch (P), P/H = 3. The ribs were fitted in Z-shape (Z-rib) aligned in series on the whole area of the upper plate. The results of the Z-ribs show the significant increase in heat transfer rate and friction loss over the smooth channel. The 45° Z-rib provides the highest increase in the heat transfer rate and the best thermal performance
{"title":"Augmented heat transfer in rectangular duct with angled Z-shaped ribs","authors":"M. Pimsarn, Parkpoom Sriromreun, P. Promvonge","doi":"10.1109/ESD.2010.5598858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESD.2010.5598858","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment is focused on the design of the suitable ribs used for enhancing heat transfer in a rectangular duct heat exchanger by using wall heat transfer (Nusselt number), friction loss (friction factor) and thermal performance (thermal enhancement factor) data. The Z-shaped ribs were set on the rectangular duct at 30°, 45° and 60° and flat rib was set at 90° relative to the air flow direction. Reynolds numbers studied ranging from 5000 to 25,000 in the test section. The rectangular duct has aspect ratio, AR = 10 and height, H = 30 mm with the Z-rib height (e), e/H = 0.2 and the rib pitch (P), P/H = 3. The ribs were fitted in Z-shape (Z-rib) aligned in series on the whole area of the upper plate. The results of the Z-ribs show the significant increase in heat transfer rate and friction loss over the smooth channel. The 45° Z-rib provides the highest increase in the heat transfer rate and the best thermal performance","PeriodicalId":272782,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Energy and Sustainable Development: Issues and Strategies (ESD 2010)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129736899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-02DOI: 10.1109/ESD.2010.5598786
Supakorn Saengsrithorn, Pairach Kitworawut
Since 2005, the people in Koh Tao (Tao Island) has electrified from diesel generation for 24 hours a day. The total installed capacity of diesel generator (DEG) is 6 MW but they cannot supply electricity at rated output because of the life time of each DEG. The average of rated output of DEG can be supplied to load is around 60% of rated output. In 2009, the maximum load at Koh Tao was 3.2 MW and minimum load was 1.4 MW. The energy reserve of DEGs is 400 kW. At this island it has a problem of power quality especially in high season of travelling because the electric energy demand is rapidly growth. Other problem is loss of profit of Provincial Electricity Authority (PEA) because PEA provides and supply electricity to load. The electricity tariff at this island is around 3.5 baht/kWh (0.11 $US/kWh) which is same rate with mainland but the capital cost of electricity is around 8 baht/kWh (0.24 $US/kWh). PEA loses money about 6.5 million baht (0.2 M.USD) per month. PEA attempts to reduce loss of profit and improve the power quality by using wind energy which measured the potential more than two years. The 1 × 250 kW wind turbine has installed at mountain range of Chalok Baan Kao.
{"title":"The first medium wind/diesel pilot project in Thailand","authors":"Supakorn Saengsrithorn, Pairach Kitworawut","doi":"10.1109/ESD.2010.5598786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESD.2010.5598786","url":null,"abstract":"Since 2005, the people in Koh Tao (Tao Island) has electrified from diesel generation for 24 hours a day. The total installed capacity of diesel generator (DEG) is 6 MW but they cannot supply electricity at rated output because of the life time of each DEG. The average of rated output of DEG can be supplied to load is around 60% of rated output. In 2009, the maximum load at Koh Tao was 3.2 MW and minimum load was 1.4 MW. The energy reserve of DEGs is 400 kW. At this island it has a problem of power quality especially in high season of travelling because the electric energy demand is rapidly growth. Other problem is loss of profit of Provincial Electricity Authority (PEA) because PEA provides and supply electricity to load. The electricity tariff at this island is around 3.5 baht/kWh (0.11 $US/kWh) which is same rate with mainland but the capital cost of electricity is around 8 baht/kWh (0.24 $US/kWh). PEA loses money about 6.5 million baht (0.2 M.USD) per month. PEA attempts to reduce loss of profit and improve the power quality by using wind energy which measured the potential more than two years. The 1 × 250 kW wind turbine has installed at mountain range of Chalok Baan Kao.","PeriodicalId":272782,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Energy and Sustainable Development: Issues and Strategies (ESD 2010)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129911708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-02DOI: 10.1109/ESD.2010.5598769
M. Smits
This article shows the characteristics, use, and interventions of market-driven pico-hydropower turbines in the Lao PDR to emphasise the importance of building on local knowledge, distribution and support networks for rural electrification. Privately owned pico-hydropower (<2 kW) is the most prolific form of off-grid rural electrification in the northern provinces of Laos. Its relatively wide utilisation relies on the extensive network of Chinese and Vietnamese traders and Lao shop owners to distribute the turbines and the spare parts, and on local knowledge of end-users on the choice of the location, installation, use and load management of the systems. Despite its comparative advantages over solar home systems, diesel generators, micro-hydropower, and other forms of off-grid rural electrification, there are some issues related to safety, load management, seasonality, and the supply chain. The ongoing interventions by the pico-hydropower team at the Lao Institute for Renewable Energy (LIRE) to overcome these issues are used as an example of an approach that builds upon the local knowledge, distribution and support networks of pico-hydropower in Laos. These include ways to share and disseminate information, the implementation of a 2 kW community pico-hydropower system as a demonstration of best practice for replication, testing turbines and accessories, and policy advocacy.
{"title":"Building on local knowledge, distribution and support networks: Examples of intervention on pico-hydropower in the Lao PDR","authors":"M. Smits","doi":"10.1109/ESD.2010.5598769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESD.2010.5598769","url":null,"abstract":"This article shows the characteristics, use, and interventions of market-driven pico-hydropower turbines in the Lao PDR to emphasise the importance of building on local knowledge, distribution and support networks for rural electrification. Privately owned pico-hydropower (<2 kW) is the most prolific form of off-grid rural electrification in the northern provinces of Laos. Its relatively wide utilisation relies on the extensive network of Chinese and Vietnamese traders and Lao shop owners to distribute the turbines and the spare parts, and on local knowledge of end-users on the choice of the location, installation, use and load management of the systems. Despite its comparative advantages over solar home systems, diesel generators, micro-hydropower, and other forms of off-grid rural electrification, there are some issues related to safety, load management, seasonality, and the supply chain. The ongoing interventions by the pico-hydropower team at the Lao Institute for Renewable Energy (LIRE) to overcome these issues are used as an example of an approach that builds upon the local knowledge, distribution and support networks of pico-hydropower in Laos. These include ways to share and disseminate information, the implementation of a 2 kW community pico-hydropower system as a demonstration of best practice for replication, testing turbines and accessories, and policy advocacy.","PeriodicalId":272782,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Energy and Sustainable Development: Issues and Strategies (ESD 2010)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128913069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-02DOI: 10.1109/ESD.2010.5598859
W. Chiang, Jian-Sheng Huang, Yen-Hsiang Huang
This study is to test the cooling capacity of radiant ceiling system established in a typical office. The dimension of the test chamber is 10 (Length), 7.6 (Width), and 3.85 meter (Height). The objective of this research is to figure out different supplying water temperature accompanies flow rate embedded in radiant ceiling panels with a water circulatory system, which influences the cooling and energy efficiency of the test room. The heat transfer principles of radiation and natural convection are used to remove the sensible heat from the studied office without using any additional mechanical ventilation system to provide forced convection. We adopt five conditions of inlet water temperature 16, 18, 20, 22, and 24 °C with water flow rate 40, 60, 80, and 100 LPM (liter per minute) to test the vertical temperature gradient inside the room and discuss the interactive effects between the parameters within one hour. The experimental values reveal that the better operative efficiency occurs as the inlet water temperature is 18 °C and flow rate is 100 LPM without condensation water on the radiant panel surface. The obtained results also indicate the radiative heat flux of radiant ceiling system using in the subtropical region in Taiwan.
{"title":"Effect of inlet water temperature and flow rate on cooling efficiency of a radiant ceiling system in Taiwan","authors":"W. Chiang, Jian-Sheng Huang, Yen-Hsiang Huang","doi":"10.1109/ESD.2010.5598859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESD.2010.5598859","url":null,"abstract":"This study is to test the cooling capacity of radiant ceiling system established in a typical office. The dimension of the test chamber is 10 (Length), 7.6 (Width), and 3.85 meter (Height). The objective of this research is to figure out different supplying water temperature accompanies flow rate embedded in radiant ceiling panels with a water circulatory system, which influences the cooling and energy efficiency of the test room. The heat transfer principles of radiation and natural convection are used to remove the sensible heat from the studied office without using any additional mechanical ventilation system to provide forced convection. We adopt five conditions of inlet water temperature 16, 18, 20, 22, and 24 °C with water flow rate 40, 60, 80, and 100 LPM (liter per minute) to test the vertical temperature gradient inside the room and discuss the interactive effects between the parameters within one hour. The experimental values reveal that the better operative efficiency occurs as the inlet water temperature is 18 °C and flow rate is 100 LPM without condensation water on the radiant panel surface. The obtained results also indicate the radiative heat flux of radiant ceiling system using in the subtropical region in Taiwan.","PeriodicalId":272782,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Energy and Sustainable Development: Issues and Strategies (ESD 2010)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115250552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-02DOI: 10.1109/ESD.2010.5598867
S. Zahidi
Governments and Investors are both interested in the petroleum fiscal systems operating in various countries. Governments aim to attract investors, whereas investors are continually searching for markets which provide the rewards commensurate with the risk they will take. Using fiscal tools, governments can make their upstream petroleum regimes more attractive to investors, by providing greater rewards. Therefore, fiscal tools are important for the management and best exploitation of national oil resources. Although many factors can influence attractiveness of a particular upstream petroleum regime, such as the individual geological attractiveness of a particular prospect, costs of exploration and production or the risk profile of a country or concession, yet, by holding all such factors constant, a model has been built that allows the comparison of various countries in terms of fiscal systems only. The research undertaken compares the current upstream petroleum fiscal systems of countries with closely similar oil reserves to those of Pakistan. Turkey, Cameroon, Congo, and Thailand are the randomly selected countries; however any country with similarly ranked oil reserves could have been selected for comparison. Take Statistics have been used to determine the global competitiveness of upstream petroleum fiscal systems of the five countries.
{"title":"Comparative analysis of upstream petroleum fiscal systems of Pakistan, Thailand and other countries with medium ranked oil reserves","authors":"S. Zahidi","doi":"10.1109/ESD.2010.5598867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESD.2010.5598867","url":null,"abstract":"Governments and Investors are both interested in the petroleum fiscal systems operating in various countries. Governments aim to attract investors, whereas investors are continually searching for markets which provide the rewards commensurate with the risk they will take. Using fiscal tools, governments can make their upstream petroleum regimes more attractive to investors, by providing greater rewards. Therefore, fiscal tools are important for the management and best exploitation of national oil resources. Although many factors can influence attractiveness of a particular upstream petroleum regime, such as the individual geological attractiveness of a particular prospect, costs of exploration and production or the risk profile of a country or concession, yet, by holding all such factors constant, a model has been built that allows the comparison of various countries in terms of fiscal systems only. The research undertaken compares the current upstream petroleum fiscal systems of countries with closely similar oil reserves to those of Pakistan. Turkey, Cameroon, Congo, and Thailand are the randomly selected countries; however any country with similarly ranked oil reserves could have been selected for comparison. Take Statistics have been used to determine the global competitiveness of upstream petroleum fiscal systems of the five countries.","PeriodicalId":272782,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Energy and Sustainable Development: Issues and Strategies (ESD 2010)","volume":"266 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127547729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-02DOI: 10.1109/ESD.2010.5598770
S. Pansrisu, S. Premrudeepreechacharn
Power plant reliability is highly related to the way maintenance tasks on system equipments are performed. From operation record of bhumibol hydro power plant between 2002–2006, the unplanned outage hours (uoh) of power plant are varied. The main factor of uoh is mostly caused by excitation system of power plant. Therefore, the maintenance system of excitation system has to be revised in order to improve of reliability of power plant.
{"title":"Preventive maintenance optimization for excitation system of bhumibol hydro power plant","authors":"S. Pansrisu, S. Premrudeepreechacharn","doi":"10.1109/ESD.2010.5598770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESD.2010.5598770","url":null,"abstract":"Power plant reliability is highly related to the way maintenance tasks on system equipments are performed. From operation record of bhumibol hydro power plant between 2002–2006, the unplanned outage hours (uoh) of power plant are varied. The main factor of uoh is mostly caused by excitation system of power plant. Therefore, the maintenance system of excitation system has to be revised in order to improve of reliability of power plant.","PeriodicalId":272782,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Energy and Sustainable Development: Issues and Strategies (ESD 2010)","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121514622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-02DOI: 10.1109/ESD.2010.5598776
H. Hou, Yih-Cheng Hou, Yen Lee
Sea Water Air Conditioning (SWAC) takes advantage of available deep cold seawater to make the chilled water in one and more building to become cool. The design of a basic seawater air conditioning system is presented in this research. These basic components can be optimized for each special location, climate and building. DOW Industry is devoted to temperature control refined organic agriculture, cultivate fishery and cooling system. Multi-purpose Development of Deep Ocean Water is described in this paper.
{"title":"Study of Deep Ocean Water (DOW) cooling energy and DOW industry","authors":"H. Hou, Yih-Cheng Hou, Yen Lee","doi":"10.1109/ESD.2010.5598776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESD.2010.5598776","url":null,"abstract":"Sea Water Air Conditioning (SWAC) takes advantage of available deep cold seawater to make the chilled water in one and more building to become cool. The design of a basic seawater air conditioning system is presented in this research. These basic components can be optimized for each special location, climate and building. DOW Industry is devoted to temperature control refined organic agriculture, cultivate fishery and cooling system. Multi-purpose Development of Deep Ocean Water is described in this paper.","PeriodicalId":272782,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Energy and Sustainable Development: Issues and Strategies (ESD 2010)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122280805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-02DOI: 10.1109/ESD.2010.5598863
J. Heywood
Over the next several decades, substantial reductions in greenhouse gas emissions from transportation will be required. The targets—an 80% reduction by 2050—are challenging. Thus, we need quantitative methodologies for assessing the impact of changes in vehicle technology and use, and of fuels, on transportation energy consumption and GHG emissions. This paper describes an appropriate methodology for creating plausible future transportation scenarios and assessing their impacts. It focuses on light-duty vehicles (cars and light trucks), in the U.S. and European context. The factors that must be included are: more efficient propulsion systems; vehicle weight changes; performance, size and other vehicle attributes; and now rapidly the deployment of these improved technologies can grow over time. The methodology combines engineering assessments of vehicle performance for the different propulsion and vehicle technologies, a model of the in-use vehicle fleet, and the availability of the various possible fuels. The findings show there is significant potential for reducing petroleum consumption and GHG emissions through improvements in engines, transmissions, vehicle weight reduction, and alternative fuels.
{"title":"Assessing the fuel consumption and GHG of future in-use vehicles","authors":"J. Heywood","doi":"10.1109/ESD.2010.5598863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESD.2010.5598863","url":null,"abstract":"Over the next several decades, substantial reductions in greenhouse gas emissions from transportation will be required. The targets—an 80% reduction by 2050—are challenging. Thus, we need quantitative methodologies for assessing the impact of changes in vehicle technology and use, and of fuels, on transportation energy consumption and GHG emissions. This paper describes an appropriate methodology for creating plausible future transportation scenarios and assessing their impacts. It focuses on light-duty vehicles (cars and light trucks), in the U.S. and European context. The factors that must be included are: more efficient propulsion systems; vehicle weight changes; performance, size and other vehicle attributes; and now rapidly the deployment of these improved technologies can grow over time. The methodology combines engineering assessments of vehicle performance for the different propulsion and vehicle technologies, a model of the in-use vehicle fleet, and the availability of the various possible fuels. The findings show there is significant potential for reducing petroleum consumption and GHG emissions through improvements in engines, transmissions, vehicle weight reduction, and alternative fuels.","PeriodicalId":272782,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Energy and Sustainable Development: Issues and Strategies (ESD 2010)","volume":"2397 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130637202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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