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Proceedings. SBCCI 2004. 17th Symposium on Integrated Circuits and Systems Design (IEEE Cat. No.04TH8784)最新文献

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Modeling and prototyping dynamically reconfigurable systems for efficient computation of dynamic programming methods by rewriting-logic 基于重写逻辑的动态规划方法的高效计算,对动态可重构系统进行建模和原型设计
M. Ayala-Rincón, R. Jacobi, Luis Gustavo A. Carvalho, C. Llanos, R. Hartenstein
Systolic arrays provide a large amount of parallelism. However, their applicability is restricted to a small set of computational problems due to their lack of flexibility. This limitation can be circumvented by using reconfigurable systolic arrays, where the node interconnections and operations can be redefined even at run time. In this context, several alternative systolic architectures can be explored and powerful tools are needed to model and evaluate them. We show how well-known rewriting-logic environments could be used to quickly model and simulate complex application specific digital systems speeding-up its subsequent prototyping. We show how to use rewriting-logic to model and evaluate reconfigurable systolic architectures which are applied to the efficient treatment of several dynamic programming methods for resolving well-known problems such as global and local sequence alignment (Smith-Waterman algorithm), approximate string matching and computation of the longest common subsequence. A VHDL description of the conceived architecture was implemented from the rewriting-logic based abstract models and synthesized over an FPGA of the APEX family.
收缩数组提供了大量的并行性。然而,由于缺乏灵活性,它们的适用性仅限于一小部分计算问题。这种限制可以通过使用可重新配置的收缩数组来规避,其中节点互连和操作甚至可以在运行时重新定义。在这种情况下,可以探索几种可选择的收缩架构,并且需要强大的工具来建模和评估它们。我们展示了如何使用众所周知的重写逻辑环境来快速建模和模拟复杂的特定于应用程序的数字系统,从而加快其后续原型设计。我们展示了如何使用重写逻辑来建模和评估可重构的收缩体系结构,这些体系结构应用于几种动态规划方法的有效处理,以解决众所周知的问题,如全局和局部序列对齐(Smith-Waterman算法),近似字符串匹配和最长公共子序列的计算。基于重写逻辑的抽象模型实现了对所构想的体系结构的VHDL描述,并在APEX系列的FPGA上进行了综合。
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引用次数: 11
An ultra-low-power self-biased current reference 超低功耗自偏置电流基准
Edgar Mauricio Camacho-Galeano, C. Galup-Montoro, M. C. Schneider
This paper presents the design of an ultra-low-power self-biased 400 pA current source. An efficient design methodology has resulted in a cell area around 0.045 mm/sup 2/ (0.027 mm/sup 2/) in the AMIS 1.5 /spl mu/m (TSMC 0.35 /spl mu/m) CMOS technology and power consumption around 2 nW for 1.2 V supply. Simulated and experimental results validate the design and show that the current sources can operate at supply voltages down to 1.1 V with a good regulation (<4%/V variation of the supply voltage in a 0.35 /spl mu/m technology). This current source is suitable for very-low-power applications.
本文介绍了一种超低功耗自偏置400pa电流源的设计。有效的设计方法使得AMIS 1.5 /spl mu/m(台积电0.35 /spl mu/m) CMOS技术的单元面积约为0.045 mm/sup 2/ (0.027 mm/sup 2/),功耗约为2 nW, 1.2 V电源。仿真和实验结果验证了该设计,并表明电流源可以在低至1.1 V的电源电压下工作,并且具有良好的稳节性(在0.35 /spl mu/m的技术中,电源电压变化<4%/V)。这种电流源适用于非常低功耗的应用。
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引用次数: 5
TheoSim: combining symbolic simulation and theorem proving for hardware verification TheoSim:结合符号模拟和定理证明的硬件验证
G. A. Sammane, J. Schmaltz, D. Toma, P. Ostier, D. Borrione
TheoSim is a symbolic verification tool that fills the gap between the simulation of test cases, and the use of theorem provers, for the validation of initial specifications, and the exploration of the very first design steps of digital integrated systems. The principles of Theosim are presented, followed by its application to the verification of the first design step of a state-of-the-art network on chip architecture.
TheoSim是一个象征性的验证工具,它填补了测试用例的模拟和定理证明器的使用之间的空白,用于验证初始规范,以及探索数字集成系统的第一个设计步骤。介绍了Theosim的原理,然后将其应用于验证最先进的片上网络架构的第一个设计步骤。
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引用次数: 7
Reducing test time with processor reuse in network-on-chip based systems 在基于片上网络的系统中利用处理器重用减少测试时间
Alexandre M. Amory, É. Cota, M. Lubaszewski, F. Moraes
This paper proposes a test planning method capable of reusing available processors as test sources and sinks, and the on-chip network as the access mechanism for the test of cores embedded into a system on chip. The resulting test time of the system is evaluated considering the number of reused processors, the number of external interfaces, and power dissipation. Experimental results for a set of industrial examples based on the ITC'02 benchmarks show that the cooperative use of both the on-chip network and the embedded processors can increase the test parallelism and reduce the test time.
本文提出了一种重用可用处理器作为测试源和测试汇的测试规划方法,并将片上网络作为嵌入片上系统的核心测试的访问机制。系统的最终测试时间将考虑重用处理器的数量、外部接口的数量和功耗。基于ITC'02基准的一组工业实例的实验结果表明,片上网络和嵌入式处理器的协同使用可以提高测试并行性,缩短测试时间。
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引用次数: 24
Adaptive DMA-based I/O interfaces for data stream handling in multi-grained reconfigurable hardware architectures 用于多粒度可重构硬件架构中数据流处理的基于dma的自适应I/O接口
Alexander Thomas, T. Zander, J. Becker
Modern application scenarios out of multimedia and mobile communication domains demand more and more performant data processing architectures, which cannot be achieved by using current DSP or microprocessor approaches. This contribution describes a new architecture approach out of the reconfigurable array field which offers a set of new features to increase the flexibility and usability of reconfigurable array architectures by increasing the performance benefit concurrently and decreasing the communication overhead caused by the system controller by managing the architecture. The main focus of this publication is I/O interface where the authors can discuss the concepts in detail.
多媒体和移动通信领域的现代应用场景对高性能数据处理体系结构的要求越来越高,这是现有的DSP或微处理器无法实现的。本文描述了可重构阵列领域的一种新架构方法,该方法提供了一组新特性,通过同时提高性能优势,并通过管理架构减少系统控制器造成的通信开销,从而提高可重构阵列架构的灵活性和可用性。本出版物的重点是I/O接口,作者可以在其中详细讨论这些概念。
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引用次数: 3
A SystemC based case study of a sensor application using the BeCom modeling methodology for virtual prototyping 一个基于SystemC的传感器应用案例研究,使用BeCom建模方法进行虚拟样机
C. Meise, C. Grimm
For the rapid prototyping of mixed-signal systems in the automotive industry, tools such as MatrixX or Simulink permit the validation of control concepts. However, the physical properties of analog circuits must often be modeled. In this case, behavioral models are created and used in a real time simulation as a virtual prototype. This paper gives an overview of methods that allow us to generate analog circuit models in C++, these portions of C++ can be used as a virtual prototype. In order to achieve the necessary performance, the generation of behavioral models is combined with very fast simulation methods.
对于汽车行业混合信号系统的快速原型设计,MatrixX或Simulink等工具允许验证控制概念。然而,模拟电路的物理特性必须经常建模。在这种情况下,行为模型被创建并作为虚拟原型在实时仿真中使用。本文概述了在c++中生成模拟电路模型的方法,c++的这些部分可以用作虚拟原型。为了达到必要的性能,行为模型的生成与快速仿真方法相结合。
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引用次数: 11
A 1.8 V supply multi-frequency digitally trimmable on-chip IC oscillator with low-voltage detection capability 具有低电压检测能力的1.8 V电源多频数字可调片上IC振荡器
A. V. Boas, J. Soldera, A. Olmos
The design of a 1.8V power supply, multi-frequency on-chip IC oscillator with a built-in low voltage detection (LVD) circuitry is described. Since the modules share the same bandgap cell, the system includes a new bandgap isolation strategy based on wide swing cascode current mirrors to reduce noise coupling into the LVD. The IC oscillator generates four selectable clock frequencies: 4 MHz and 8 MHz from 1.8 V to 5.5 V, 12 MHz and 22 MHz from 2.7 V to 5.5 V. After fine-tuning the oscillator via digital trimming its output frequency varies less than /spl plusmn/2.5% around the target frequency over supply ranges and from -40 to 125/spl deg/C. The measured clock jitter is below 0.1% whereas the recover time from stop is 5 /spl mu/s. The low voltage detection circuit monitors the supply voltage applied to the system and generates the appropriate warning or even initiates a system shutdown before the in-circuit SoC presents malfunction. The module was implemented in a 0.5 /spl mu/m CMOS technology, occupies an area of 360/spl times/530 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ and requires no external reference or components.
介绍了一种1.8V电源、内置低电压检测电路的多频片上IC振荡器的设计。由于两个模块共用同一个带隙单元,该系统采用了一种基于宽摆幅级联电流镜的带隙隔离策略,以减少LVD中的噪声耦合。IC振荡器产生四个可选的时钟频率:从1.8 V到5.5 V的4 MHz和8 MHz,从2.7 V到5.5 V的12 MHz和22 MHz。通过数字微调振荡器后,其输出频率在电源范围内的目标频率周围变化小于/spl plusmn/2.5%,范围从-40到125/spl度/C。测量到的时钟抖动低于0.1%,而从停止恢复时间为5 /spl mu/s。低压检测电路监测施加到系统的电源电压,并在电路中SoC出现故障之前产生适当的警告甚至启动系统关闭。该模块采用0.5 /spl mu/m CMOS技术实现,占地面积为360/spl倍/530 /spl mu/m/sup 2/,不需要外部参考或组件。
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引用次数: 5
A partial reconfigurable architecture for controllers based on Petri nets 基于Petri网的部分可重构控制器结构
P. S. B. Nascimento, P. Maciel, M. Lima, R. E. Sant'Anna, A. Silva-Filho
The digital control systems in industry has been used in most of the applications based on expensive programmable logical controllers (PLC). These systems are, in general, highly complex and slow, with an operation cycle around 10 ms. In this work, a reconfigurable logic controller (RLC) approach is presented, based on a small and low cost Xilinx Virtex-II FPGA architecture, operating as a virtual hardware machine. In this context, the main process is specified in a formal language, based on Petri nets or SFC (sequential function chart). For applications that demand more hardware than that available in the FPGA, a partial reconfiguration mechanism takes place. From the Petri net specification, the main process is split into multiple contexts, which are sequentially executed within the same FPGA, without violating the operation cycle of application.
工业中的数字控制系统在大多数应用中都是以昂贵的可编程逻辑控制器(PLC)为基础的。一般来说,这些系统非常复杂和缓慢,操作周期约为10毫秒。在这项工作中,提出了一种基于小而低成本的Xilinx Virtex-II FPGA架构的可重构逻辑控制器(RLC)方法,作为虚拟硬件机运行。在这种情况下,主要过程以一种基于Petri网或SFC(顺序功能图)的形式语言指定。对于需要比FPGA中可用的硬件更多的硬件的应用程序,会发生部分重新配置机制。从Petri网规范来看,主过程被分成多个上下文,这些上下文在同一个FPGA中顺序执行,而不会违反应用程序的操作周期。
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引用次数: 30
Test and design-for-test of mixed-signal integrated circuits 混合信号集成电路的测试与测试设计
J. Huertas
This tutorial aims to introduce circuit designers to the problems of making integrated circuits more testable. An efficient test procedure for a complex, mixed-signal application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), must take several factors into consideration: stimuli generation, sufficient access, single test output, simple measurement set and system-level decomposition. These factors worth attention for specific circuits classes, since there is no universal method valid for any kind of analog and/or mixed-signal function. Attention is paid to integrated filters and integrated analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog converters, as they are today the main analog and mixed-signal cores found in state-of-the-art complex systems-on-chips (SoC). In particular, the possibilities offered by techniques using small circuit modifications are specially focused, as the means to improve circuit testability, and thus the fault coverage, while avoiding at most to degrade the performance of the final electronic system. Practical silicon examples are presented, trying to give a flavour on the pros and cons that design for test is offering nowadays to integrated circuit designers. To meet the goals stated above, the following topics are addressed in this tutorial: introduction to mixed-signal test (main test concepts, digital vs. analog testing, test practice in integrated circuit industry, design and test inter-relations), testing approaches (fault-based, specification-based, techniques for testing filters, techniques for testing converters), and design-for-test techniques (enhancing testability, built-in self-test and on-line test). This tutorial is intended for professionals interested in analog and mixed-signal integrated circuits in general: designers interested in how to consider tests in early design phases, test engineers interested in incorporating test within the design flow, and academics involved in research and education on test procedures and strategies.
本教程旨在向电路设计师介绍使集成电路更易于测试的问题。对于复杂的混合信号应用专用集成电路(ASIC),一个有效的测试程序必须考虑几个因素:刺激产生、足够的访问、单一的测试输出、简单的测量集和系统级分解。这些因素值得注意的特定电路类,因为没有通用的方法有效的任何类型的模拟和/或混合信号函数。重点关注集成滤波器和集成模数转换器,因为它们是当今最先进的复杂系统芯片(SoC)中的主要模拟和混合信号核心。特别是,使用小电路修改的技术所提供的可能性特别集中,作为提高电路可测试性的手段,从而减少故障覆盖,同时最多避免降低最终电子系统的性能。本文给出了一些实际的硅的例子,试图给集成电路设计人员提供一个为测试而设计的优点和缺点。为了实现上述目标,本教程将讨论以下主题:混合信号测试简介(主要测试概念、数字与模拟测试、集成电路工业中的测试实践、设计与测试的相互关系)、测试方法(基于故障的、基于规范的、测试滤波器的技术、测试转换器的技术)和测试设计技术(增强可测试性、内置自检和在线测试)。本教程适用于对模拟和混合信号集成电路感兴趣的专业人士:对如何在早期设计阶段考虑测试感兴趣的设计师,对将测试纳入设计流程感兴趣的测试工程师,以及参与测试程序和策略研究和教育的学者。
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引用次数: 13
Statistical analysis and design: from picoseconds to probabilities 统计分析与设计:从皮秒到概率
C. Visweswariah
Critical dimensions are scaling faster than our control of them. In addition to manufacturing variations, chip design has to deal with wear-out phenomena and dynamic changes in temperature or power-supply voltage. As a result, parametric delay variability is proportionately increasing with each new generation of technology, as is leakage power variability. Further, the number of independent and significant sources of variability is rapidly increasing. These effects present two key challenges: timing verification and robust design in the presence of uncertainties. This presentation describes the role of statistical timing in addressing these challenges and the concomitant shift in chip design methodology from a deterministic to a probabilistic paradigm. The importance of correctly capturing correlations is stressed. Different methods of statistical timing and their relative merits are discussed. The diagnostics provided by statistical timers and the use of such diagnostics in targeting robust design are presented.
关键维度的扩展速度超过了我们对它们的控制。除了制造变化外,芯片设计还必须处理磨损现象以及温度或电源电压的动态变化。因此,参数延迟可变性随着每一代新技术的发展而成比例地增加,泄漏功率可变性也是如此。此外,独立和重要的变率来源的数量正在迅速增加。这些影响提出了两个关键的挑战:时间验证和存在不确定性的稳健设计。本报告描述了统计时序在解决这些挑战中的作用,以及随之而来的芯片设计方法从确定性范式到概率范式的转变。强调了正确捕获相关性的重要性。讨论了不同的统计定时方法及其各自的优点。介绍了统计计时器所提供的诊断和在目标鲁棒设计中的应用。
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引用次数: 7
期刊
Proceedings. SBCCI 2004. 17th Symposium on Integrated Circuits and Systems Design (IEEE Cat. No.04TH8784)
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