Chemosphere最新文献

{"title":"Uptake and bioaccumulation of microplastics by plants: Exploring impacts and remediation potential in terrestrial and aquatic environment","authors":"Yatta Esther Kallon ,&nbsp;Snigdha ,&nbsp;Rahul Kumar Sinha ,&nbsp;Isha Gupta ,&nbsp;Nalok Dutta ,&nbsp;Sayan Bhattacharya ,&nbsp;Jayanta Kumar Biswas ,&nbsp;Prabhakar Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144764","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144764","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Over the past decade, plastic waste has become a significant contributor to environmental degradation, leading to the widespread presence of microplastics (MPs) in terrestrial ecosystems. While oceans serve as the ultimate sink for MPs, the majority of plastic pollutants accumulate in soil through sources such as sewage sludge, organic fertilizers, plastic mulching, wastewater irrigation, flooding, and atmospheric deposition. Consequently, plants, as key components of terrestrial ecosystems, inevitably interact with MPs. However, understanding of MP uptake, distribution, and the underlying mechanisms in plants remains limited. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the occurrence and movement of MPs in the terrestrial environment, emphasizing their uptake by plants, effects on plant functions, and potential for phytoremediation. Although some studies suggest MPs may marginally improve soil aeration and water retention, their overall impact is detrimental. MPs can disrupt soil microbial communities, reduce nutrient availability, and impair plant growth. Moreover, the uptake of MPs by edible crops raises concerns about their transfer through the food chain, posing health risks to humans. MPs act as carriers for persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and heavy metals, which may lead to endocrine disruption, inflammation, and cellular damage upon ingestion. Future research should prioritize developing advanced methodologies to investigate plant-MP interactions, assess long-term ecological and health impacts, and establish effective mitigation strategies. Promoting sustainable agricultural practices and implementing stricter waste management policies are crucial to minimizing MP pollution and ensuring environmental and food safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"393 ","pages":"Article 144764"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145528036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-resolution site characterization tools: application of fluorescence techniques to identify DNAPL in tropical lands","authors":"Lélia Cristina da Rocha Soares ,&nbsp;Gabriela Paupitz Mendes ,&nbsp;Alexandre Muselli Barbosa ,&nbsp;Carlos Cesar Malta-Oliveira ,&nbsp;Sandro Souto de Souto ,&nbsp;Nestor Kenji Yoshikawa ,&nbsp;Claudio Augusto Oller do Nascimento","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144768","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144768","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>When oil spills occur, a fraction of the oil may get trapped in soil pores or can migrate through unsaturated and saturated zones. Dense non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPL), such as creosote, move through aquifers until complete depletion or encountering an impermeable layer. The optical image profiler (OIP) is a high-resolution site characterization tool that combines fluorescent and visible light imaging, correlating optical responses with oil occurrence in the subsurface. This study demonstrates the applicability of OIP-UV (ultraviolet light source) and OIP-Green (green light source) probes for identifying creosote contamination in a tropical climate region (São Paulo, Brazil). Bench and field tests were conducted to assess the relationship between fluorescence responses and the presence of oil in contaminated and uncontaminated soils. Results indicate that OIP-UV is the most appropriate method for mapping creosote in porous media at similar contaminated sites. It is the first time this approach is reported for tropical climates, and it is crucial for better understanding the contaminant distribution and behavior. Furthermore, high-resolution indirect investigation methods like OIP require calibration and soil chemical analyses guided by HRSC scanning and visual identification to validate the results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"393 ","pages":"Article 144768"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145528040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of chemical extracts of urban air for endocrine disruption using a serie of in vitro bioassays: a case study in Montreal, Canada","authors":"Antoine P. Gillet ,&nbsp;Hongyan Dong ,&nbsp;Lan Liu ,&nbsp;Caren Akiki ,&nbsp;Xianming Zhang ,&nbsp;Lei Tian ,&nbsp;Frank Wania ,&nbsp;Michael G. Wade ,&nbsp;Philippe Apparicio ,&nbsp;Stephane Bayen ,&nbsp;Geraldine Delbes","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144760","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144760","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent data indicate that urban air harbors a complex mixture of industrial chemicals, pesticides, and combustion by-products, many of which may act as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). By interfering with the endocrine system, EDCs can affect human health. Hence, there is an urgent need to better characterize outdoor airborne chemical mixtures and their health impact. This study assessed the bioactivity on key targets of EDCs for chemical extracts of the atmospheric vapour phase (i.e., excluding particulate matter) collected from 40 sites across Montreal, Canada, using passive air samplers deployed over 82 summer days. Seven validated bioassays were used to test the ability of each extract to alter the estrogen, androgen, thyroid, and steroidogenesis pathways. Of the 42 urban air extracts tested, none induced alteration of the human thyroid peroxidase activity or activated the human androgen receptor (hAR) but three induced estrogen receptor activation and five inhibited the sodium/iodide symporter by 40–60 %. More than 20 extracts antagonized hESR1 and/or hAR, a few with very strong potency. Yet, blanks used as controls also induced signals in the antagonist mode of the transactivation assays and affected testosterone production in the H295R steroidogenic assay, challenging data interpretations. Overall, our data indicate the potential for thyroid, estrogenic, antiestrogenic and antiandrogenic disruption caused by the chemical mixtures present in the outdoor air of a major metropolis. This work provides one of the first integrated assessments of endocrine activity from atmospheric vapour phase chemical extracts, underscoring the importance of incorporating bioanalytical tools into air-quality and health-risk evaluation frameworks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"393 ","pages":"Article 144760"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145528041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing bisphenols migration from children's products on the Swiss market: simulated oral exposure and risk implications","authors":"Camille Rime ,&nbsp;Sanja Delic ,&nbsp;Anne Onidi ,&nbsp;Lionel Cretegny ,&nbsp;Nancy B. Hopf ,&nbsp;Davide Staedler ,&nbsp;Fiorella Lucarini","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144772","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144772","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bisphenols, including bisphenol A (BPA) and its analogues, are widely used in consumer plastics and are known endocrine disruptors. Despite increasing BPA regulations, its analogues have been found in children's products, with migration patterns varying across product categories. This study provides a large-scale evaluation of bisphenols migration from 162 products randomly selected from the Swiss market, categorized into toys (TOY), bath toys and accessories (BTA), oral supports (OSU), and feeding accessories and baby bottles (FAB). Migration was assessed using artificial saliva as a simulant, replicating buccal exposure in infants and young children. This study reveals widespread bisphenols release, with BPA and bisphenol B as the most frequently detected compounds. Notably, OSU and FAB categories, which involve direct oral contact, exhibited higher migration rates than TOY and BTA. Exposure was estimated using a deterministic model, integrating daily exposure (DE), margin of exposure (MOE), and total daily intake (TDI). MOE values below 100 were observed for BPE in OSU, indicating potential health concerns. TDI calculations suggest that exposure from these products alone exceeds the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) safety threshold for BPA. The findings underscore the urgent need for stricter regulatory oversight, particularly for bisphenol A analogues in products frequently mouthed by infants and toddlers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"393 ","pages":"Article 144772"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145528039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highly sensitive sensors for the simultaneous determination of imidacloprid, fenitrothion, and glyphosate pesticides in real samples constructed by functional buckyball nanoarchitectures based on fullerene-like nanoparticles","authors":"Octávio P.L. de Souza ,&nbsp;Tais M.S. Abreu ,&nbsp;Daniel Y. Tiba ,&nbsp;João H.A. Ferreira ,&nbsp;Caroline P. Carvalho ,&nbsp;Marcos N. Eberlin ,&nbsp;Thiago C. Canevari","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144727","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144727","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The simultaneous determination of pesticides remains a significant challenge for current electrochemical sensors. This work presents the synthesis, characterization, and application of an innovative functional Buckyball nanoarchitectures composed of carbon nanotubes and fullerene-like nanoparticles of doped carbon dots decorated with Ni metallic, NiO, and NiOOH nanoparticles. The chronoamperometry technique was used to obtain fullerene-like nanoparticles of F, S-doped carbon dots from PFAS (Perfluoro-1-butane-sulfonyl fluoride). The buckyball nanoarchitectures have been based on the direct mixture of functionalized MWCNTs, F, S-doped carbon dots solution, and nickel acetate aqueous solution. The F, S-doped carbon dots, Nickel nanoparticles, and Carbon allotropes/Nickel nanoarchitectures were characterized using Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization (MALDI), High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and electrochemical techniques. A sensitive electrochemical sensor has been prepared by modifying a printed gold electrode with Carbon allotropes/Nickel nanoarchitectures and used to simultaneously determine imidacloprid, fenitrothion, and glyphosate in a buffer solution at pH 6.5. The sensor exhibited excellent electrocatalytic activity in the simultaneous determination of fenitrothion, glyphosate, and imidacloprid pesticides with detection limits at 19.6, 5.14, and 37.9 pM, respectively, demonstrating its high sensitivity and selectivity. The sensor was also used to determine the presence of imidacloprid, fenitrothion, and glyphosate pesticides in tap water and orange juice, yielding an excellent recovery rate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"392 ","pages":"Article 144727"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145514129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the potential of the Cu corrosion product malachite for uranyl and selenite adsorption under alkaline conditions and in the presence of carbonate","authors":"Tiziana Missana ,&nbsp;Carla Soto-Ruiz ,&nbsp;Ursula Alonso ,&nbsp;Ana María Fernández ,&nbsp;Pedro Pablo Valdivieso ,&nbsp;Miguel García-Gutiérrez","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144757","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144757","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Malachite, a copper hydroxycarbonate, was investigated as a potential sorbent for selenium (⁷⁵Se(IV)) and uranium (²³³U(VI)) by batch sorption experiments, electrophoretic and spectroscopic techniques. These radionuclides are usually weakly adsorbed onto natural materials under alkaline pH, oxidizing conditions or in the presence of carbonate.</div><div>Tests were conducted at pH 7.5–8.5, using NaCl and NaHCO₃ solutions at two different ionic strengths. In NaCl solutions, the retention of both elements was significant, with maximum distribution coefficients (K_d) of ∼4.5·10³ mL g⁻¹ for Se and of ∼1.0·10⁴ mL g⁻¹ for U. No significant effect of NaCl concentration was observed. Lower retention was observed in NaHCO₃, being the maximum K_d values of ∼1.6·10³ mL g⁻¹ for Se and ∼6.5·10² mL g⁻¹ for U at an ionic strength of 0.01 M. A significant reduction in K_d values (more than an order of magnitude) was observed at 0.1 M.</div><div>The presence of NaHCO₃ produced a large shift of the malachite isoelectric point (from pH ∼ 9 to 6) and a decrease in the electrokinetic potential. Carbonates in solution strongly interact with the malachite surface and can be competitive with Se and U adsorption. Different possible interaction mechanisms of the sorbates with the malachite and linearity/non-linearity of adsorption in the presence of different electrolytes are discussed.</div><div>The retention capacity of the material was also evaluated after gamma irradiation at 140 kGy, which did not significantly affect the retention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"393 ","pages":"Article 144757"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145486174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soluble extracellular polymeric substances and microplastics: Exposure-response and circular reuse for removal","authors":"Filipa Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Ivana Mendonça ,&nbsp;Marisa Faria ,&nbsp;Ricardo Gomes ,&nbsp;Juan L. Gómez Pinchetti ,&nbsp;Artur Ferreira ,&nbsp;Nereida Cordeiro","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144759","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144759","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastics (MPs) are pervasive in aquatic systems, threatening ecosystems, human health, and microalgal production. Soluble extracellular polymeric substances (S-EPS) can agglomerate particles and aid removal. This study examines S-EPS from the cyanobacterium <em>Cyanocohniella rudolphia</em> (BEA 0786B) to <em>(i)</em> model and optimise S-EPS production, <em>(ii)</em> assess production in water contaminated with polystyrene MPs (PS-MPs), and <em>(iii)</em> test S-EPS as a bioflocculant for PS-MPs removal. Response surface methodology (RSM) defined a cost-lean operating window and predicted an optimum S-EPS titre of 113 mg/L at 7 days using 10 g/L nitrogen, 0.98 g/L phosphorus, and a biomass-to-medium ratio of 1:6.87 (w/v). Cultures were challenged with PS-MPs (50 μg/L and 5 mg/L) under static or aerated conditions, and at both exponential and stationary phases, and showed stimulated S-EPS synthesis with increases of up to 34%, depending on hydrodynamics and growth stage. Purified S-EPS were evaluated as a bioflocculant at 2 g/L PS-MPs to probe robustness and rate-limiting mechanisms and to delineate a conservative operating window. Maximum removal of 82% was achieved in freshwater at pH 3.5 with Fe³⁺ 0.05% (w/w), 25 °C, S-EPS dose 400 mg/L (S-EPS:PS-MPs 1:5, w/w), and 60 min flocculation. Zeta potential trends and microscopy support charge neutralisation/bridging as the dominant mechanism. Compatible with standard coagulation/flocculation units, the approach links cost-lean, cultivation-derived S-EPS (typically discarded) to their reuse as a low-additive pretreatment for algal-cultivation intake waters (freshwater/low-salinity), reducing reliance on synthetic coagulants and added salinity/metal-sludge burdens. Overall, <em>C. rudolphia</em> is a promising S-EPS producer, whose production is enhanced by exposure to PS-MPs, and its S-EPS acts as an efficient, bio-based flocculant for PS-MPs. The results support process designs to safeguard microalgal operations and to mitigate microplastic pollution in water. This work integrates RSM-optimised S-EPS production, environmental-level exposure-response, and a high-load removal benchmark, enabling circular, low-additive, drop-in pretreatment compatible with standard coagulation/flocculation units.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"393 ","pages":"Article 144759"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145486236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance comparison of complete mix reactor and static mixer in ballasted flocculation","authors":"Muhammad Qasim ,&nbsp;Muhammad Naveed Afridi ,&nbsp;Salman Ali Suhail ,&nbsp;Usman Pervaiz Khan ,&nbsp;Imtiaz Afzal Khan ,&nbsp;Jong-Oh Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144754","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144754","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, the performance of complete mix reactors and modern instant mixing device (static mixer) is evaluated for ballasted flocculation application using jar test to replicate complete mix reactor, and a lab scale static mixer designed for this study. The advanced magnetite ballasts of two varied sizes and specific gravity at varied applied concentrations are employed in this study for reliable results. The results explicated that static mixer aided ballasted flocculation aggregated uniform flocs with higher ballast embedment leading to high-rate clarification and superficial sedimentation for both types of employed ballasts. Moreover, the advanced high specific gravity ballast B (Size: 33um/specific gravity: 5.5) exhibited higher settling performance (97 mh⁻¹) and turbidity removal (98 % in 900s settling interval) despite its lower embedded fraction. This revealed that ballast specific gravity drives the settling mechanism and differential sedimentation of these aggregated flocs leads to high-rate clarification. Furthermore, the investigation of embedded fraction of ballast in the floc volume and fraction of unballasted aggregates in overall floc distribution under various conditions revealed that jar test replicating complete mix reactors in this study is uncapable to suspend complete fraction of employed ballast material due to limitation of lower G-value operation (up to 500s⁻¹) and uneven agitation in various areas of tank due to paddle-based mixing. This leads to poor ballast embedment (up to 1 % of overall floc volume) in aggregated flocs, compromising sedimentation performance. The higher fraction of unballasted aggregates (2.5 % in overall floc distribution) due to this poor ballast suspension and uneven agitation amplifies the relatively poor sedimentation phenomenon (achieving settling velocity of 77 mh⁻¹) of jar test aggregated flocs. On the other hand, a static mixer exhibited compact flocs with a higher and relatively uniform fraction of embedded ballast in floc volume (up to 2.4 % of overall floc volume), and lower percentage of unballasted flocs (1.3 %) in overall aggregated floc distribution due to employed homogenous agitation (achieved due to design of static mixer) and complete suspension of incorporated ballasts. This leads to relatively less ballast requirement as optimized dose during aggregation of flocs, less GT (indirect energy input scale) and space requirements in ballasted flocculation operation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"393 ","pages":"Article 144754"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145486233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water pollution by grassland ash induces water alkalinization, causes liver damage, and threatens the survival of bullfrog tadpoles","authors":"Gustavo Kirsch ,&nbsp;Ronnilda M.G. Araujo ,&nbsp;Madson S. Melo ,&nbsp;Evelise M. Nazari ,&nbsp;Bruno R.S. Figueiredo","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144756","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144756","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fire severity and the extent of burned areas have increased in recent years, intensifying ash runoff into freshwater systems and threatening aquatic biodiversity due to the toxic components present in ash. Despite this growing concern, the specific impacts of fire-derived ash on freshwater fauna remain poorly understood. Here, we used <em>Aquarana catesbeiana</em> tadpoles as a model to evaluate the effects of water contamination from ash produced by burning grassland vegetation on abiotic parameters and biological endpoints. The water pH increased immediately after ash contamination and remained more alkaline than the negative control for 16 days. Furthermore, acute (96 h) ash toxicity significantly decreased tadpole survival, with a lethal concentration (LC₅₀) of 6.9 g/L. A 16-day exposure to ash did not affect the developmental rate but resulted in lower body mass and length. Tadpoles exposed to 1.38 g/L of ash exhibited an increase in liver melanomacrophages and apoptotic cells and an elevation in the area of vacuolated hepatocytes at all ash concentrations compared to the control. These findings highlight that grassland ash concentrations pose a significant risk to amphibian survival in regions affected by wildfires, while sublethal exposure can impact growth, liver health, and cellular events in the liver, ultimately compromising the tadpole's persistence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"392 ","pages":"Article 144756"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145464399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence and seasonal variation of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in influent and effluent of four Australian wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs)","authors":"Madara Weerasooriyagedara ,&nbsp;Jordan M. Partington ,&nbsp;Wejdan Alghamdi ,&nbsp;Mulugeta Legesse Akele ,&nbsp;Stefano Freguia ,&nbsp;Bradley O. Clarke","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144752","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144752","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the occurrence, seasonal trends, and mass fluxes of 19 contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in influents and effluents from four wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Australia. A total of 352 triplicate 24-h composite samples were collected over seven days during autumn (May 2023) and spring (November 2023) and analysed using solid-phase extraction and LC-MS/MS. All CECs were detected in influents with &gt;73 % frequency, while detection in effluents was lower, indicating partial removal. Acetaminophen (1,610–26,600 ng/L) and caffeine (716–9,720 ng/L) were the most abundant in influent, irrespective of WWTP or season. Spatial and seasonal variations were evident; analgesics (codeine) and antibiotics (ofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim) were higher in autumn, while psychiatric drugs (citalopram, desvenlafaxine) and DEET peaked in spring. Weekly trends revealed significant fluctuations (p &lt; 0.05) in ten compounds, with caffeine peaking midweek, while pharmaceuticals (fluoxetine, venlafaxine, sulfamethoxazole), pesticides (atrazine, piperonyl butoxide), and industrial chemicals (BBP, TCEP) peaked on Sundays. Removal efficiencies (RE) varied widely, from complete removal to elevated effluent levels for certain herbicides and psychiatric drugs. One WWTP consistently achieved &gt;85 % RE for most CECs. Risk Quotient assessment indicated low acute risks to algae and invertebrates, but moderate to high chronic risks to fish from venlafaxine, fluoxetine, citalopram, and carbamazepine (90th percentile). Median concentrations showed reduced risks, except for carbamazepine at W2. Invertebrates faced moderate chronic risks from acetaminophen and sulfamethoxazole. This assessment did not account for dilution in receiving waters and considered both peak and typical exposure levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":276,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":"392 ","pages":"Article 144752"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145463982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}