The electrostatic properties of inductors and transformers are investigated. Two devices have been built on the same magnetic core. Both are cylindrical coaxial winding transformers and all the windings are almost identical. These one-layer windings are rolled in the same direction for one transformer and in opposite direction for the other. All the possible connections of the two windings are tested. Based on a simple electrostatic model, these devices are analytically studied and an equivalent circuit is proposed to take electrostatic phenomena into account. Then, an electromagnetic simulation software is used to compute the electrostatic field with the real shapes of wires and coil layers. Capacitances are deduced from stored electrostatic energy in the whole space. Finally, many impedance measurements from 100 Hz to 40 MHz allow the equivalent circuit to be validated.
{"title":"Electrostatic of wound components: analytical results, simulation and experimental validation of the parasitic capacitance","authors":"E. Laveuve, J. Keradec, M. Bensoam","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1991.178054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1991.178054","url":null,"abstract":"The electrostatic properties of inductors and transformers are investigated. Two devices have been built on the same magnetic core. Both are cylindrical coaxial winding transformers and all the windings are almost identical. These one-layer windings are rolled in the same direction for one transformer and in opposite direction for the other. All the possible connections of the two windings are tested. Based on a simple electrostatic model, these devices are analytically studied and an equivalent circuit is proposed to take electrostatic phenomena into account. Then, an electromagnetic simulation software is used to compute the electrostatic field with the real shapes of wires and coil layers. Capacitances are deduced from stored electrostatic energy in the whole space. Finally, many impedance measurements from 100 Hz to 40 MHz allow the equivalent circuit to be validated.","PeriodicalId":294244,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1991 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121155983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The mathematical modeling of a DA synchronous reluctance machine is considered. The model refers to the more general case, taking the presence of slots in the stator structure into account. The resulting linear second order differential equation with periodic coefficients gives the rotor magnetic potential distribution on the rotor surface, once the static MMF is given. The induction value in the rotor iron is also calculated, in order to account for the additional rotor iron losses enhanced by stator slots. An approximated analytical solution is found, in a particular case, and the calculated results are compared with experimental ones. Practical suggestions are given to overcome the rotor losses problem.<>
{"title":"Improved modelling of a distributed anisotropy synchronous reluctance machine","authors":"I. Marongiu, A. Vagati","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1991.178161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1991.178161","url":null,"abstract":"The mathematical modeling of a DA synchronous reluctance machine is considered. The model refers to the more general case, taking the presence of slots in the stator structure into account. The resulting linear second order differential equation with periodic coefficients gives the rotor magnetic potential distribution on the rotor surface, once the static MMF is given. The induction value in the rotor iron is also calculated, in order to account for the additional rotor iron losses enhanced by stator slots. An approximated analytical solution is found, in a particular case, and the calculated results are compared with experimental ones. Practical suggestions are given to overcome the rotor losses problem.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":294244,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1991 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121361477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Simple stability conditions are specified for an elastic two-mass system with Coulomb friction. From these conditions linear and nonlinear stabilizing and compensating measures are derived and verified by simulation and with an electrically driven setup with adjustable parameters. A reference model polynomial state control for the linear position controlled system is described, which is distinguished by good robustness against parameter variations and short computing time. This control scheme ensures a stick-slip-free operation down to lowest speeds and standstill. The generally valid methods and results apply to position and force controlled robots and robot grippers, and to machine tools, antennas, telescopes, etc.<>
{"title":"Influence and compensation of Coulomb friction in industrial pointing and tracking systems","authors":"G. Brandenburg, U. Schafer","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1991.178044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1991.178044","url":null,"abstract":"Simple stability conditions are specified for an elastic two-mass system with Coulomb friction. From these conditions linear and nonlinear stabilizing and compensating measures are derived and verified by simulation and with an electrically driven setup with adjustable parameters. A reference model polynomial state control for the linear position controlled system is described, which is distinguished by good robustness against parameter variations and short computing time. This control scheme ensures a stick-slip-free operation down to lowest speeds and standstill. The generally valid methods and results apply to position and force controlled robots and robot grippers, and to machine tools, antennas, telescopes, etc.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":294244,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1991 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129336434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A two-dimensional electromagnetic field analysis of the single-sided linear induction motor (LIM) is presented, taking into account saturation in both primary and secondary cores. An analytical layer model has been developed in which the primary core is modeled by two different layers representing the yoke and teeth-slot regions. Such representation facilitates the evaluation of the magnetic state of the primary yoke and teeth separately. A generalized mathematical formulation of a multilayer model is presented. The analytical computation results from a seven-layer model correlate very well with experimental results obtained from an intermediate capacity transit system LIM. The model is well suited for sensitivity analysis and design studies.<>
{"title":"Modeling and performance of linear induction motor with saturable primary","authors":"K. Idir, G. Dawson, A. Eastham","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1991.178147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1991.178147","url":null,"abstract":"A two-dimensional electromagnetic field analysis of the single-sided linear induction motor (LIM) is presented, taking into account saturation in both primary and secondary cores. An analytical layer model has been developed in which the primary core is modeled by two different layers representing the yoke and teeth-slot regions. Such representation facilitates the evaluation of the magnetic state of the primary yoke and teeth separately. A generalized mathematical formulation of a multilayer model is presented. The analytical computation results from a seven-layer model correlate very well with experimental results obtained from an intermediate capacity transit system LIM. The model is well suited for sensitivity analysis and design studies.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":294244,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1991 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129375660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A learnable expert system for substations (LESS) has been developed that will learn design rules of the substations from examples. The resulting rules and concepts reflect the philosophy of design embedded in the provided examples. Thus, the substation design will be consistent with the design of the other substations owned and operated by the company if the examples consist of descriptions of their existing substations. LESS is combined with two learning modules to acquire the design knowledge required for specifying the major components and the layout of an electric substation. LESS has the capability of accepting rules dictated by laws, codes or standards, as well as formulating rules based on design practice which are learned from positive examples. It can also avoid certain problematic situations in past designs by observing negative examples. LESS has graphical capability and will produce a plan view of the substation.<>
{"title":"An expert system for specifying the major substation components: machine learning approach","authors":"Y.B. Mahdy, E. Stanek, M. Abdel-Salam, M. Zaki","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1991.178017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1991.178017","url":null,"abstract":"A learnable expert system for substations (LESS) has been developed that will learn design rules of the substations from examples. The resulting rules and concepts reflect the philosophy of design embedded in the provided examples. Thus, the substation design will be consistent with the design of the other substations owned and operated by the company if the examples consist of descriptions of their existing substations. LESS is combined with two learning modules to acquire the design knowledge required for specifying the major components and the layout of an electric substation. LESS has the capability of accepting rules dictated by laws, codes or standards, as well as formulating rules based on design practice which are learned from positive examples. It can also avoid certain problematic situations in past designs by observing negative examples. LESS has graphical capability and will produce a plan view of the substation.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":294244,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1991 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127265619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The authors develop an electrical model of a soil moisture sensor using data collected from an automated data acquisition system. The model developed, which is useful in expediting sensor design, is capable of predicting the responses of the sensor at different moisture conditions and at different frequencies. Comparison of the model and experimental data is included.<>
{"title":"Modeling the soil moisture sensor using an automated data acquisition system","authors":"J. F. Posada, R. Miller, J. Liou","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1991.178087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1991.178087","url":null,"abstract":"The authors develop an electrical model of a soil moisture sensor using data collected from an automated data acquisition system. The model developed, which is useful in expediting sensor design, is capable of predicting the responses of the sensor at different moisture conditions and at different frequencies. Comparison of the model and experimental data is included.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":294244,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1991 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122812417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A scheme for controlling parallel connected inverters in a stand-alone AC supply system is presented. A key feature of this scheme is that it uses only those variables which can be measured locally at the inverter, and does not need communication of control signals between the inverters. This feature is important in high reliability uninterruptible power supply (UPS) systems, and in large DC power sources connected to an AC distribution system. Real and reactive power sharing between inverters can be achieved by controlling two independent quantities at the inverter: the power angle and the fundamental inverter voltage magnitude.<>
{"title":"Control of parallel connected inverters in stand-alone AC supply systems","authors":"M. Chandorkar, D. Divan, R. Adapa","doi":"10.1109/28.195899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/28.195899","url":null,"abstract":"A scheme for controlling parallel connected inverters in a stand-alone AC supply system is presented. A key feature of this scheme is that it uses only those variables which can be measured locally at the inverter, and does not need communication of control signals between the inverters. This feature is important in high reliability uninterruptible power supply (UPS) systems, and in large DC power sources connected to an AC distribution system. Real and reactive power sharing between inverters can be achieved by controlling two independent quantities at the inverter: the power angle and the fundamental inverter voltage magnitude.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":294244,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1991 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125071350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A soft-switching AC to DC converter that employs a continuously resonating L-C circuit in a single-phase single-switch boost rectifier circuit is presented. The phase of the resonant tank when the switch is turned on is used as the controlling variable for shaping the rectifier input current. This phase control technique, when used together with a current estimator, is demonstrated as an effective means for generating sinusoidal AC-line currents in phase with the AC-line voltage. The quality of the control scheme is assessed, and experimental results are obtained for an 800 W, 20 kHz rectifier using an IGBT switch.<>
{"title":"A single-phase, unity power factor, soft-switching, resonant tank boost rectifier","authors":"L. Borle, J. Salmon","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1991.178345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1991.178345","url":null,"abstract":"A soft-switching AC to DC converter that employs a continuously resonating L-C circuit in a single-phase single-switch boost rectifier circuit is presented. The phase of the resonant tank when the switch is turned on is used as the controlling variable for shaping the rectifier input current. This phase control technique, when used together with a current estimator, is demonstrated as an effective means for generating sinusoidal AC-line currents in phase with the AC-line voltage. The quality of the control scheme is assessed, and experimental results are obtained for an 800 W, 20 kHz rectifier using an IGBT switch.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":294244,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1991 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"187 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132159935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An investigation has been conducted to reduce CO/sub 2/ from combustion gases using an AC ferroelectric packed bed reactor. This ferroelectric packed bed reactor consists of two mesh electrodes packed with ferroelectric particles between them. An AC voltage is applied to the reactor to generate partial or spark discharges. The results show that: (1) The CO/sub 2/ gas reduction rate increases with increasing flue gas residential time and primary applied power; (2) The CO/sub 2/ gas reduction rated increases with decreasing gas flow rate and dielectric constant ( xi /sub s/) of packed ferroelectric particles; (3) The CO/sub 2/ concentrations are reduced by up to 18000 p.p.m., and 108 g of CO/sub 2/ are reduced by 1 kWh of primary applied energy used in the packed bed reactor.<>
{"title":"The effect of residential time on the CO2 reduction from combustion flue gases by a ferroelectric packed bed reactor","authors":"K. Jogan, A. Mizuno, T. Yamamoto, J. Chang","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1991.178325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1991.178325","url":null,"abstract":"An investigation has been conducted to reduce CO/sub 2/ from combustion gases using an AC ferroelectric packed bed reactor. This ferroelectric packed bed reactor consists of two mesh electrodes packed with ferroelectric particles between them. An AC voltage is applied to the reactor to generate partial or spark discharges. The results show that: (1) The CO/sub 2/ gas reduction rate increases with increasing flue gas residential time and primary applied power; (2) The CO/sub 2/ gas reduction rated increases with decreasing gas flow rate and dielectric constant ( xi /sub s/) of packed ferroelectric particles; (3) The CO/sub 2/ concentrations are reduced by up to 18000 p.p.m., and 108 g of CO/sub 2/ are reduced by 1 kWh of primary applied energy used in the packed bed reactor.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":294244,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1991 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133106595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A DC-side active filtering system for inverter power supplied is presented. The proposed system effectively nullifies the pulsating currents in the inverter input terminals as a result of unbalanced or nonlinear type loads. In the case of a three phase four wire inverter power supply the circulating zero sequence currents in the neutral are also nullified. The proposed system is fast in response, high in efficiency, and does not necessitate excess capacitive kVA required to supply highly unbalanced or nonlinear type loads. Analytical procedure, simulation, and experimental results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed DC-side active filtering system.<>
{"title":"A new DC-side active filter for inverter power supplies compensates for unbalanced and nonlinear loads","authors":"P. Enjeti, S. Kim","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1991.178362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1991.178362","url":null,"abstract":"A DC-side active filtering system for inverter power supplied is presented. The proposed system effectively nullifies the pulsating currents in the inverter input terminals as a result of unbalanced or nonlinear type loads. In the case of a three phase four wire inverter power supply the circulating zero sequence currents in the neutral are also nullified. The proposed system is fast in response, high in efficiency, and does not necessitate excess capacitive kVA required to supply highly unbalanced or nonlinear type loads. Analytical procedure, simulation, and experimental results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed DC-side active filtering system.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":294244,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1991 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116295833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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