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MARKETING DIAGNOSTICS OF THE RETAIL PRODUCT ASSORTMENT IN A COMPETITIVE ENVIRONMENT 竞争环境下零售产品分类的营销诊断
Pub Date : 2022-09-27 DOI: 10.31499/2616-5236.3(21).2022.264272
V. Datsenko, T. Dronova, V. Khurdei, Mishchenko Dmytro, L. Semenova
The article is devoted to the marketing diagnosis of the product assortment in retail in the conditions of fierce competition. The study was conducted on the example of the "ATB Market". For the purpose of analysis in a competitive environment, retail was characterized in comparison with other retail enterprises: "Varus" and "Silpo". The breadth, completeness, novelty, stability, structure and harmony of the assortment were analyzed. As a result, it was found that, for example, the assortment of dairy products in "ATB" has a smaller breadth and completeness of the assortment than in "Varus", but the coefficient of renewal and stability of the assortment is better. "ATB Market" has a limited number of product manufacturers. Retail has a mixed assortment: toys, food, household goods, drinks, etc. In order to identify the most important, important and not particularly important positions, an ABC analysis of the "7 days" category was conducted. As a result, it was concluded that goods of group A ("Dishes and accessories for the kitchen" and "Hobbies and sports") bring the most profit to retail, and goods of group C - (especially haberdashery, lighting, decor and interior) the least. A comparative characterization of the use of promotions and advertising in retail was carried out. "ATB Market" and "Silpo" actively use various promotional offers. The researched retail actively conducts advertising activities using its various types: commercial, social, virtual, real, hidden, stimulating, social, comparative, informative advertising and others. The use of merchandising in retail is analyzed. Compared to ATB, "Varus" has a better location of products, a larger number of manufacturers and a smaller number of "faces" of one brand in the window. A comparison of innovations in retail was made. "ATB Market" actively uses innovations in its activities and is considered a leader in the implementation of modern client services.
本文研究了激烈竞争条件下零售业产品分类的营销诊断问题。本研究以“ATB市场”为例进行。为了在竞争环境中进行分析,将零售与其他零售企业进行比较:“Varus”和“Silpo”。对分类的广度、完整性、新颖性、稳定性、结构和协调性进行了分析。结果发现,例如,“ATB”中的乳制品分类的广度和完整性比“Varus”中的要小,但分类的更新系数和稳定性更好。“ATB市场”的产品制造商数量有限。零售业种类繁多:玩具、食品、家居用品、饮料等。为了确定最重要、重要和不特别重要的职位,对“7天”类别进行了ABC分析。结果表明,a类商品(厨房餐具及配件)和爱好运动类商品为零售带来的利润最大,C类商品(尤其是服饰、灯饰、装饰和室内装饰)带来的利润最少。对零售中促销和广告的使用进行了比较分析。“ATB Market”和“Silpo”积极利用各种促销优惠。所研究的零售业通过商业广告、社交广告、虚拟广告、真实广告、隐藏广告、刺激广告、社交广告、比较广告、信息型广告等多种形式积极开展广告活动。分析了商品营销在零售业中的应用。与ATB相比,“Varus”的产品位置更好,制造商数量更多,橱窗中一个品牌的“面孔”数量更少。对零售业的创新进行了比较。“ATB市场”在其活动中积极采用创新,被认为是实施现代客户服务的领导者。
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引用次数: 0
PHENOMENOLOGY OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP 创业创新发展现象学
Pub Date : 2022-09-27 DOI: 10.31499/2616-5236.3(21).2022.263569
Yuliia H. Horiashchenko
The material presented in the article in order of logical presentation and content reveals the author's approach to the phenomenology of innovative development of socio-economic systems. The article examines the phenomenon of innovative development in socio-economic and philosophical discourse. The main goal of the study is to improve the system-functional approach to the innovative development of entrepreneurship using the phenomenological method. The application of the phenomenological model is proposed for the development of quick management decisions at enterprises that face non-standard problems in conditions of incomplete information, in particular, those that produce innovations. The research is based on empirical and theoretical, as well as special methods, namely, description and observation (innovative development is considered as the result of a combination of intellectual resources and information), analysis and synthesis, abstraction, generalization, induction, deduction, explanation and classification (improved philosophical – economic understanding of innovative development of targeted (socio-economic) systems, including entrepreneurship, classification features and types of innovative development are given). The main theories of innovative development include the basic and latest provisions of the theory of social development, systemology, economic theory of information, constructive logico-mathematical theories, institutional and neo-institutional economic theory, structural functionalism, management theory, strategic, production and innovation management, theory of values and costs. Scientific approaches to the definition of the concept of «innovative development» were analyzed, and the author's interpretation of this concept was developed on this basis.The author's definition of the category «innovative development» and «philosophy of innovative development» is provided. Conceptual support for innovative development of entrepreneurship is systematized.
文章中呈现的材料按照逻辑呈现和内容的顺序,揭示了作者对社会经济系统创新发展现象学的研究方法。本文考察了社会经济和哲学话语中的创新发展现象。本研究的主要目的是运用现象学的方法,改进创业创新发展的系统功能方法。现象学模型的应用被提议用于在信息不完全的条件下,特别是那些产生创新的企业面临非标准问题的快速管理决策的发展。研究基于经验和理论,以及特殊的方法,即描述和观察(创新发展被认为是智力资源和信息结合的结果),分析和综合,抽象,概括,归纳,演绎,解释和分类(对目标(社会经济)系统,包括企业家精神的创新发展的改进的哲学-经济学理解,给出了创新发展的分类、特征和类型。创新发展的主要理论包括社会发展理论的基本和最新规定、系统论、信息经济理论、建构逻辑数学理论、制度和新制度经济理论、结构功能主义、管理理论、战略、生产和创新管理、价值和成本理论。分析了“创新发展”概念界定的科学途径,并在此基础上展开了作者对“创新发展”概念的解读。对“创新发展”范畴和“创新发展哲学”进行了界定。系统化创业创新发展的理念支持。
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引用次数: 0
INFORMATION SUPPLY OF THE ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF THE INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS OF THE ENTERPRISE 企业投资吸引力经济分析的信息供给
Pub Date : 2022-09-27 DOI: 10.31499/2616-5236.3(21).2022.264279
Lesja M. Vasilieva
The purpose of the article is research and generalization of scientific approaches regarding the information support of the economic analysis of the investment attractiveness of the enterprise. The complexity and specificity of the researched topic led to the use of a set of methods of empirical and theoretical levels of knowledge, as well as special method: description and observation, analysis and synthesis, abstraction, generalization, induction, deduction, explanation. The article clarifies the meaning of the concept of «economic analysis», which is a self-regulated system of research of the subject of financial, economic, social and legal relations, which interacts with the external environment, which is an element of management and contributes to the justification of management decisions aimed at achieving the goals of entrepreneurship. The requirements for the economic analysis of the enterprise have been established: addressability; relevance; completeness; precision; certainty; compatibility. It was emphasized that the new approach to reporting is integrated reporting, which contains both financial and non-financial information, necessary for understanding the long-term prospects of the enterprise. Integrated reporting displays information on the following key parameters: an overview of the organizational structure and business model; the environment in which the company operates, including risks and opportunities; strategic goals and strategy for achieving such goals; corporate governance and rewards; activity indicators; prospects for the future. In our opinion, by analyzing the integrated reporting, the investor gets the most complete picture of the level of investment attractiveness of the business. Compilation of integrated reporting for the purpose of submission to potential investors regarding the assessment of the level of investment attractiveness of the enterprise has a fairly free framework that can be adapted to specific goals and tasks, business conditions.
本文的目的是对企业投资吸引力经济分析的信息支持的科学方法进行研究和推广。由于研究课题的复杂性和特殊性,需要使用一套经验和理论知识层面的方法,以及特殊的方法:描述与观察、分析与综合、抽象、概括、归纳、演绎、解释。本文阐明了“经济分析”概念的含义,经济分析是对与外部环境相互作用的金融、经济、社会和法律关系主体的自我调节的研究体系,是管理的一个要素,有助于为旨在实现创业目标的管理决策提供理由。确立了企业经济分析的要求:可寻址性;相关性;完整性;精度;确定;兼容性。有人强调,新的报告方法是综合报告,其中包括了解企业长期前景所必需的财务和非财务资料。综合报告显示以下关键参数的信息:组织结构和业务模式的概述;公司经营的环境,包括风险和机遇;战略目标和实现这些目标的战略;公司治理与薪酬;活动指标;展望未来。我们认为,通过分析综合报告,投资者可以最全面地了解企业的投资吸引力水平。为向潜在投资者提交有关评估企业投资吸引力水平的综合报告而编写的综合报告具有相当自由的框架,可以根据具体的目标和任务、业务条件进行调整。
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引用次数: 0
FOREIGN EXPERIENCE OF FORMING A BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT MODEL IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE INNOVATIVE ECONOMY 国外在创新经济条件下形成企业发展管理模式的经验
Pub Date : 2022-09-27 DOI: 10.31499/2616-5236.3(21).2022.263557
Mariia I. Ihnatko, Yana V. Ihnatko, Myroslav Y. Ihnatko, Yurii I. Halas
Business is the driving force of economic development under the conditions of an innovative economy. Problems of innovative development are becoming more common in science and practice since innovation is a source of economic growth and a way to gain competitive advantages. The purpose of the article is to analyze the foreign experience of the foundations of the formation of a business management model in the conditions of an innovative economy. The article examines foreign experience in the formation of a business development management model. The growth of investments in the development of human capital and the spread of innovative research and development due to financing by the private sector is highlighted as the main feature of innovative business. Ukraine's place in international rankings was analyzed: the Global Innovation Index, the European Innovation Scoreboard and the Bloomberg Innovation Index. The share of innovatively active industrial enterprises of Ukraine is given. Factors influencing business development management are listed. The ease of Doing Business Index was analyzed. Projected, functional, strategic and innovative approaches to the formation and implementation of the management model are characterized. Data are provided that in the countries of the European Union, almost 50% of business is built using an innovative model. Factors affecting the business development management model are considered. Based on the analysis of foreign experience, the directions of accommodative application of foreign experience in the formation and implementation of business development management models in the formation of Ukraine's innovative economy have been substantiated.
在创新经济条件下,企业是经济发展的动力。创新发展的问题在科学和实践中变得越来越普遍,因为创新是经济增长的源泉和获得竞争优势的途径。本文的目的是分析国外经验在创新经济条件下企业管理模式形成的基础。本文考察了国外企业发展管理模式形成的经验。人力资本开发投资的增长和私营部门融资带来的创新研发的传播是创新商业的主要特征。我们分析了乌克兰在全球创新指数、欧洲创新记分牌和彭博创新指数等国际排名中的位置。给出了乌克兰创新活跃工业企业的份额。列出了影响企业发展管理的因素。分析了营商环境指数。规划、功能、战略和创新的方法来形成和实施管理模式的特点。数据显示,在欧盟国家,几乎50%的业务是使用创新模式建立的。考虑了影响业务发展管理模式的因素。在分析国外经验的基础上,对乌克兰创新经济形成过程中企业发展管理模式的形成和实施中,国外经验的适应性应用方向进行了实证。
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引用次数: 0
CULTURE OF PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION IN THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY: ITS SIGNIFICANCE AND INFLUENCE 酒店业专业沟通文化的意义与影响
Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.31499/2616-5236.2(20).2022.261844
A. Blahopoluchna, I. Kyryliuk, I. Povorozniuk, N. Liakhovska, O. Lytvyn
The main feature of the work of hospitality workers is constant communication with people of different ages, social statuses, and sometimes nationalities. The culture of professional communication of service workers consists, first of all, in respectful attitude to the client, and also in ability to interact with the person irrespective of a situation. The professional ethics of the hospitality industry is based on professional knowledge, skills, moral norms and principles, as well as basic aspects of professional, social (including moral, pedagogical, political, diplomatic, internal, emotional) culture and professional etiquette. When visiting the guests of the institution, it is very important to match the manners, appearance, language, gestures and clothes. If employees violate their professional ethics, violate morality, forget about their professional standards, it leads to a negative image of the hotel and restaurant business. The ability to ethically, competently and meaningfully express an opinion, provide information to the client is a necessary and extremely important component of the communicative competence of employees in the hospitality industry. This component is the foundation of business processes of the industry, which is aimed at promoting and selling tourism products, hotel and restaurant services, sightseeing, spa and specialized services. In view of this, the skills of professional communication are of great importance in both international and international dialogue.
酒店工作人员工作的主要特点是不断与不同年龄、社会地位,有时甚至是不同国籍的人交流。服务工作者的专业沟通文化首先包括对客户的尊重态度,以及在任何情况下都能与人互动的能力。酒店业的职业道德是建立在专业知识、技能、道德规范和原则的基础上,以及专业、社会(包括道德、教学、政治、外交、内部、情感)文化和职业礼仪的基本方面。在拜访机构的客人时,举止、外表、语言、手势和衣服的搭配是非常重要的。如果员工违背自己的职业道德,违背道德,忘记自己的职业标准,就会导致酒店餐饮企业的负面形象。有道德、有能力和有意义地表达意见,向客户提供信息的能力是酒店行业员工沟通能力的必要和极其重要的组成部分。该部分是行业业务流程的基础,旨在促进和销售旅游产品,酒店和餐饮服务,观光,水疗和专业服务。有鉴于此,无论在国际对话还是国际对话中,专业沟通技能都是非常重要的。
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引用次数: 1
RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE SYSTEM OF STATE REGULATION OF THE AGRARIAN SPHERE OF UKRAINE 乌克兰农业领域国家调控体系建立的回顾分析
Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.31499/2616-5236.2(20).2022.262240
P. Nesenenko
The article is devoted to determining the stages of formation of the existing system of state regulation of the development of the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine. The work issues Ukrainian scientists on distinguishing the periods of formation of the agrarian sector of the state, land law, and land reform. The author's vision of the system of government regulation of economic policy in agricultural production is substantiated. It studies periods of transformation in the agricultural sector. The stage of "formation" is highlighted (from 1992 to 1994); the 'development' stage (from 1995 to 1999); 'evolutionary' stage (from 2000 to 2007); 'integration' stage (since 2008). The separation of the stage of reformatting following the transformations carried out in the state regulation of the agrarian sphere since 2015. Changes have been studied related to deregulation in the economic sphere, which simplifies the conduct of business in many sectors of the economy due to the abolition of means of state regulation and the reduction of the administrative burden on enterprises. It is considered how the implementation and combination of legislation with EU norms is carried out. It was assessed how the changes made to the special regime for payment of value-added tax in agriculture affected the economic indicators of the state's development. The unevenness of the budget financing of support revealed for the agricultural sector of Ukraine from 2012-2018 was.  During 2020-2021was analyzed the state financing support programs for the agricultural sector. The presented step-by-step review of the state regulation of the development of the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine shows that the tools used are the result of the adaptation of the agricultural industry to the real conditions of the functioning of the national economy in different periods of its transformation. Notably, the formation of an optimal system of state regulation of the development of the agrarian sphere has not yet been completed.
本文致力于确定乌克兰农工综合体发展的现有国家调控体系的形成阶段。这项工作向乌克兰科学家提出了区分国家农业部门形成时期、土地法和土地改革的问题。作者关于政府调控农业生产经济政策体系的设想得到了证实。它研究农业部门的转型时期。突出“形成”阶段(1992 - 1994年);发展阶段(1995年至1999年);“进化”阶段(2000年至2007年);“整合”阶段(自2008年起)。自2015年以来,国家对农业领域的监管进行了改革,改革阶段的分离。已经研究了与经济领域放松管制有关的变化,由于取消了国家监管手段和减少了企业的行政负担,这简化了许多经济部门的业务行为。它考虑了如何实施和结合立法与欧盟规范进行。评估了农业增值税特殊支付制度的变化如何影响国家发展的经济指标。从2012年到2018年,乌克兰农业部门的预算融资不平衡。分析了2020-2021年国家对农业的财政支持方案。对乌克兰农业工业综合体发展的国家监管的逐步审查表明,所使用的工具是农业工业在其转型的不同时期适应国民经济运作的实际条件的结果。值得注意的是,国家调控农业领域发展的最佳体系尚未形成。
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引用次数: 0
IMPROVING THE ASSET MANAGEMENT OF THE ENTERPRISE IN THE CONTEXT OF MARKET VALUE GROWTH 在市场价值增长的背景下完善企业的资产管理
Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.31499/2616-5236.2(20).2022.261846
O. Nikolaichuk, V. Zozulya, A. Kushniruk
Modern business conditions are characterized by instability and turbulence, which is caused by a number of negative manifestations of the environment: the pandemic and the associated global economic crisis, political instability and social tensions, increased competition, and so on. Therefore, the problem of managing its assets on the basis of a cost-oriented approach becomes especially relevant for modern enterprise management. The purpose of the study is to analyze scientific approaches to the nature of assets and their management on the basis of cost-oriented approach, substantiation of the algorithm of cost-oriented asset management of enterprises and its testing. To achieve this goal, the following research methods were used: systematic and comprehensive analysis, comparison and grouping, graphical and tabular methods, abstract-logical method (for formulation of proposals and conclusions). The analysis of the scientific literature on the interpretation of the essence of the assets of the enterprise showed that today there is no established approach. Approaches to the analysis of enterprise assets are analyzed and on the basis of generalization of scientific approaches the algorithm of cost-oriented management of enterprise assets is offered. The results of the analysis allow us to state that the asset management of PJSC "Pivnichtrans" is not effective enough. The total value of the company's assets decreased by 4%, in the structure of assets a significant share belongs to non-current assets. The analysis of the dynamics of current assets showed a negative trend of an increase in receivables at the end of 2019 by 35% and a decrease in cash by 52%, due to the lack of timely payments for transportation services. There was an increase in current assets by 25% due to an increase in receivables. In the structure of working capital there is a negative trend of growth in the share of receivables from 24% to almost 31%. Indicators of business activity showed an increase in the period of turnover of receivables and payables and the lack of working capital. The calculation of the value of assets indicates its decrease at the end of 2019 by all methods, except the net assets method, which indicates the inefficiency of asset management and the need to implement measures for efficient use of assets. The obtained results testify to the high dependence of the value formation of PJSC "Pivnichtrans" on the financial performance, the scale of business of the property component. Proposed measures to improve asset management based on cost-oriented management include measures to optimize working capital, application of the ABC model - cost management and their rational use. improving the management of asset sources on the basis of the "golden rule of balance", implementation of the restructuring strategy.
现代商业条件的特点是不稳定和动荡,这是由环境的一些消极表现造成的:大流行病和相关的全球经济危机、政治不稳定和社会紧张局势、竞争加剧等等。因此,在以成本为导向的方法基础上管理其资产的问题对现代企业管理尤为重要。本研究的目的是在成本导向方法的基础上,分析资产性质及其管理的科学方法,论证企业成本导向资产管理算法及其检验。为了实现这一目标,我们采用了以下研究方法:系统综合分析、比较分组、图形和表格法、抽象逻辑法(用于提出建议和结论)。通过对科学文献对企业资产本质解释的分析表明,目前还没有一种确定的方法。分析了企业资产分析的方法,在对科学方法进行概括的基础上,提出了企业资产成本导向管理的算法。分析的结果使我们能够说明PJSC“Pivnichtrans”的资产管理不够有效。公司的资产总值下降了4%,在资产结构中有很大一部分属于非流动资产。对流动资产动态的分析显示,由于运输服务没有及时付款,2019年底应收款项增加了35%,现金减少了52%,呈负趋势。由于应收款项增加,流动资产增加了25%。在营运资本的结构中,应收账款的份额呈负增长趋势,从24%增长到近31%。商业活动指标显示,应收账款和应付账款的周转期间有所增加,流动资金不足。资产价值的计算表明,除净资产法外,其他所有方法的资产价值在2019年底都有所减少,这表明资产管理效率低下,需要实施有效利用资产的措施。所得结果证明了PJSC“Pivnichtrans”的价值形成对财务绩效、物业成分的业务规模的高度依赖。提出了以成本为导向的资产管理改进措施,包括优化营运资金的措施、ABC模型-成本管理的应用及其合理使用。在“平衡金科玉律”的基础上,完善资产来源管理,实施重组战略。
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引用次数: 0
THE MAIN ASPECTS OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN MODERN CONDITIONS OF TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT 企业家精神的创新发展主要体现在现代技术发展条件下
Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.31499/2616-5236.2(20).2022.263346
Oleksandr L. Bohashko
The article outlines the main aspects of innovative development of entrepreneurship in modern conditions of social and economic development of Ukraine. The purpose of the study is to identify factors affecting the innovative activity of entrepreneurship within the framework of regional innovation systems. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research is the fundamental provisions of economic theory and practice, general scientific and special methods of knowledge of economic reality. The main methods that were used: structural and logical; comparative, method of detailing and synthesis. It was found that innovative activity is increasingly considered in the context of regional development and local innovation systems. Within the framework of this approach, such factors as spatial proximity of regions, local conditions, the specifics of human capital and interregional cooperation are considered. The article highlights the features of the modern functioning of the innovation sphere, analyses the factors affecting the propensity of firms to innovate. The types of innovations and the classification of innovations generally accepted in the OECD countries are considered. It is noted that innovative companies from countries with catch-up development are primarily interested in such characteristics of the institutional environment as the business climate and stable «rules of the game» in the market. Institutional indicators are the timing of opening a firm and resolving commercial disputes, the stability of the employment index, which reflects changes in hiring and firing conditions, the level of democracy, and maximum tax rates. The importance of most of these factors indicates the need to take them into account in the evaluation of innovative activity. The study found that a set of interrelated concepts, including the national innovation system and the national business system used for strategic management purposes, largely ignore the role of entrepreneurs. As a rule, they concern individual firms or enterprises, while innovations are created by entrepreneurs who combine existing elements of knowledge and generate new value. At the same time, in the course of their activities, entrepreneurs organize jobs and achieve economic growth, which is especially relevant for the reconstruction of the economy of our country in the conditions of the Russian-Ukrainian war.
文章概述了在乌克兰社会经济发展的现代条件下创业创新发展的主要方面。本研究的目的是在区域创新系统的框架内找出影响企业家精神创新活动的因素。经济学研究的理论和方法基础是经济学理论和实践的基本规定,是认识经济现实的一般科学方法和特殊方法。使用的主要方法:结构和逻辑;比较,详细和综合的方法。研究发现,越来越多地在区域发展和地方创新系统的背景下考虑创新活动。在这一方法的框架内,考虑到区域的空间接近性、当地条件、人力资本的具体情况和区域间合作等因素。本文突出了创新领域现代运行的特征,分析了影响企业创新倾向的因素。考虑了经合组织国家普遍接受的创新类型和创新分类。值得注意的是,来自追赶型发展国家的创新型公司主要对制度环境的特征感兴趣,如商业环境和市场中稳定的“游戏规则”。制度指标包括:开办企业和解决商业纠纷的时间、反映雇佣和解雇条件变化的雇佣指数的稳定性、民主程度、最高税率等。大多数这些因素的重要性表明,在评价创新活动时必须考虑到这些因素。研究发现,一套相互关联的概念,包括用于战略管理目的的国家创新系统和国家商业系统,在很大程度上忽视了企业家的作用。通常,它们涉及个别公司或企业,而创新是由企业家结合现有知识要素并产生新价值而创造的。与此同时,在他们的活动过程中,企业家组织工作并实现经济增长,这对在俄乌战争条件下重建我国经济尤其重要。
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引用次数: 0
A GENDER-ORIENTED APPROACH TO MANAGEMENT OF EMOTIONAL BURNOUT AMONG DOCTORS AND NURSES IN WARTIME 以性别为导向的方法来管理战时医生和护士的情绪倦怠
Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.31499/2616-5236.2(20).2022.263950
O. Hromtseva, V.V. Striukov
The study of emotional burnout syndrome manifestations in doctors and nurses is a topical issue, both among scientists, practical psychologists and among medical branch managers of different levels, especially in times of crisis conditions. The research of this phenomenon is actual all over the world: the detection of signs of emotional burnout varies from 20 to 75%; the number of scientific publications on this topic is constantly growing, so in 2010 104 works were published, and in 2021 already 952 works were published; the rapid growth of scientific research is observed. The war in Ukraine, which had not previously been on such a scale, affects everyone's life and physical and emotional well-being. In addition to physical exertion, medical workers have an excessive emotional burnout, as the authors' research shows - the burnout rate among general practitioners is 63,7%, and among nurses 70%. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate this phenomenon in stressful conditions, so that it is possible to develop recommendations and render psychological help to medical workers. The purpose of this article is to systematize the information on emotional burnout, to determine further ways of development and to establish dynamics of emotional burnout of medical workers before and during martial law. Relevance of our study is stipulated by that the control of this phenomenon manifestation allows to improve mental health and continuation of professional activity of the specialists and as consequence to improve medical services. Materials and methods: the analysis of the scientific literature on the international scientometric databases, questionnaire survey of general practitioners of CF CPMC. The authors have compared the models of emotional burnout and described the phases of this process. Attention was paid to factors causing and accelerating this process, and also characteristics of these factors were described, degrees of influence on acceleration of professional burnout process of separate factors were defined. The carried out research allowed to reveal problems at management of medical workers emotions, to define the factors causing violation of awareness and the control of displays of emotions, to find out a role of a medical institution management, methods of influence on the factors causing or strengthening process of emotional burnout. The results of the study of determination of negative manifestations of emotional reactions of medical workers in conditions of a military condition are reflected in practical recommendations for development of mechanisms of management of this condition. Practical value of the research is of recommendatory character for work of heads of a medical establishment.
医生和护士的情绪倦怠综合征表现的研究是一个热门话题,无论是在科学家,实践心理学家和不同层次的医疗分支管理人员,特别是在危机情况下。这一现象的研究在世界各地都是真实的:情绪倦怠迹象的检出率从20%到75%不等;关于这一主题的科学出版物数量不断增长,2010年发表了104篇,到2021年已经发表了952篇;人们观察到科学研究的迅速发展。乌克兰战争的规模前所未有,它影响着每个人的生活和身心健康。除了体力消耗外,医务工作者还有过度的情绪倦怠,正如作者的研究表明——全科医生的倦怠率为66.7%,护士的倦怠率为70%。因此,有必要在压力条件下调查这一现象,以便有可能提出建议并为医务工作者提供心理帮助。本文的目的是对戒严前和戒严期间医务人员情绪倦怠的相关信息进行梳理,确定进一步发展的途径,建立戒严前和戒严期间医务人员情绪倦怠的动态。我们研究的相关性在于,对这种现象的控制可以改善心理健康,使专家的专业活动得以继续,从而改善医疗服务。材料与方法:对国际计量科学数据库的科学文献进行分析,对CF - CPMC全科医生进行问卷调查。作者比较了情绪倦怠的模型,并描述了这一过程的各个阶段。研究了导致和加速职业倦怠过程的因素,描述了这些因素的特点,界定了各因素对职业倦怠过程加速的影响程度。本研究揭示了医务人员情绪管理中存在的问题,明确了造成意识缺失和情绪表现控制的因素,找出了医疗机构管理在造成或加强医务人员情绪倦怠过程中的作用、影响方法。确定医务工作者在军事状况下情绪反应消极表现的研究结果反映在制定这种状况管理机制的实际建议中。本研究对医疗机构负责人的工作具有一定的实用价值。
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引用次数: 0
THE FORMATION OF BENEVOLENCE OF FUTURE SPECIALISTS AS A COMPONENT OF THE STATE EDUCATIONAL POLICY 形成未来专家的仁慈作为国家教育政策的一个组成部分
Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.31499/2616-5236.2(20).2022.263301
O. Kirdan, Oleksandr P. Kirdan
The article is devoted to the formation of the integrity of future specialists in the context of the state educational policy and the practice of educational activities of higher education institutions of Ukraine. To achieve the goal of the article, general scientific methods were used: analysis, synthesis, specification and generalization. It has been established that modern scientific research presents a philosophical, legal, sociological, pedagogical, psychological understanding of the phenomenon of integrity. The main approaches to defining the category «virtue» are characterized. The works of foreign researchers and current regulatory documents on issues of integrity in the field of public administration were analyzed. Emphasis is placed on the importance of promoting the ideology of integrity at the state level. The expediency of introducing educational components that specify the standards and principles of integrity in future professional activity, form a culture of integrity of participants in the educational process, in the professional training of students of various specialties in higher education institutions of Ukraine is substantiated. It was emphasized the need to introduce the program learning result «observance of the principle of integrity» when updating the educational programs of the fields of knowledge 01 «Education / Pedagogy», 05 «Social and behavioral sciences» and 07  «Management and administration». Emphasis is placed on the need to combine formal and informal education on issues of integrity at the stage of education in higher education institutions. The possibilities of informal education for the self-development of integrity of future economists and managers are analyzed.
本文致力于在国家教育政策和乌克兰高等教育机构教育活动实践的背景下形成未来专家的完整性。为了达到本文的目的,采用了一般的科学方法:分析、综合、规范和概括。已经确定的是,现代科学研究对诚信现象提出了哲学、法律、社会学、教育学和心理学的理解。定义“美德”范畴的主要方法是有特点的。分析了国外学者关于公共行政领域诚信问题的研究成果和现行规范性文件。重点是在国家一级促进诚信思想的重要性。在今后的专业活动中引入教育内容,具体规定诚信的标准和原则,形成教育过程中参与者的诚信文化,在乌克兰高等教育机构的各种专业学生的专业培训中,这是有益的。强调有必要在更新知识领域的教育计划时引入“遵守诚信原则”的计划学习结果01“教育/教育学”,05“社会和行为科学”和07“管理和行政”。重点是需要在高等教育机构的教育阶段将关于诚信问题的正规和非正规教育结合起来。分析了非正规教育促进未来经济学家和管理者诚信自我发展的可能性。
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引用次数: 0
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Economies' Horizons
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