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Impact of Ethical Leadership on Employees’ Psychological Safety and Voice Behavior; With Mediating Role of Belongingness 伦理型领导对员工心理安全和建言行为的影响具有归属感的中介作用
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.58970/ijsb.2055
Khaled Aboud, N. Xiongying, M. Qasim
This study investigates the association between Ethical Leadership (EL), psychological safety (PS), and Voice Behavior (VB). Belongingness was the key mediator between these relationships. Data was collected through a survey of 374 employees working in banks and credit unions, and analysis was done through SPSS. Results showed that EL was positively associated with PS and VB and that the perception of belongingness mediated the relationship between EL and psychological safety. These results suggest that EL can help create a psychologically safe environment by encouraging employees to feel a sense of belonging. Implications for organizational psychology and management are discussed.
本研究旨在探讨伦理型领导(EL)、心理安全(PS)与建言(VB)的关系。归属感是这些关系之间的关键中介。通过对374名在银行和信用合作社工作的员工的调查收集数据,并通过SPSS进行分析。结果表明,心理安全感与PS和VB呈显著正相关,归属感在心理安全感与心理安全感之间起中介作用。这些结果表明,EL可以通过鼓励员工有归属感来帮助创造一个心理安全的环境。讨论了对组织心理学和管理学的启示。
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引用次数: 0
Comparative Analysis of Quantitative Analysis and Case Study in Chinese Management 中国管理学的定量分析与个案研究之比较分析
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.58970/ijsb.2054
Zhihui Xie, W. Gong
This paper systematically listed out the theoretical background, core elements and research paradigm of quantitative analysis and case study, composed comparative analysis of two research methods from sixteen key elements. Summarized three principles and six structural steps of quantitative analysis and case study writing, and deduced the development of Chinese management research methods, which provides more choices of research methods and paradigms for grasping the future fusion trend of quantitative analysis and case study. This also provides a solid foundation for helping beginners and researchers in the field of management to improve the comprehensive application ability of quantitative analysis and case study, and provides a useful reference for future management research rooted in Chinese situation to develop in the direction of local theory and leading management practice.
本文系统地列出了定量分析和案例研究的理论背景、核心要素和研究范式,从16个关键要素对两种研究方法进行了比较分析。总结了定量分析与案例研究写作的三个原则和六个结构步骤,并对中国管理研究方法的发展进行了推演,为把握定量分析与案例研究的未来融合趋势提供了更多的研究方法和范式选择。这也为帮助管理学领域的初学者和研究者提高定量分析和案例研究的综合应用能力奠定了坚实的基础,为今后立足中国国情的管理学研究朝着理论本土化、管理实践领先的方向发展提供了有益的借鉴。
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引用次数: 0
A Comparative Study on Migration Outflows and the Effects of Remittance Inflows Utilizing ArcGIS Mapping and Cluster Analysis 基于ArcGIS制图和聚类分析的移民外流与汇款流入效应比较研究
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.58970/ijsb.2176
Md. Ashraful Islam, M. Rokonuzzaman
This study’s goal is to determine how remittances affect migration. Data from 45 nations is utilized for this analysis, which is separated into six regions: The Middle East and North Africa (MENA), the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), East Africa, South Africa, and West Africa. Utilizing descriptive statistics, significant graphs, and cluster analysis, this investigation is thoroughly and properly completed. The data displayed in ArcGIS maps also demonstrate the emigration and remittance outflows of several Asian and African nations between 1985 and 2017. By considering five clusters, cluster analysis is used to analyze similar nations in terms of how remittances affect migration. Three, eight, thirteen, nineteen, and three of these 45 nations make up Clusters I through V, respectively. Cluster V is made up of Bangladesh, India, and China. As II and III are the most distant clusters and II and III are the closest clusters, the cluster distance between III and V is low and between II and III is very high. The absence of time-series migration data is the key constant in this investigation. To achieve successful outcomes, simulation studies might be used. In order to obtain better results, anyone can also include discrimination analysis in their analysis. ArcGIS is also used to create visually appealing data distribution visualizations, such as maps, charts, and graphs with legends and annotations.
本研究的目的是确定汇款如何影响移民。这项分析使用了来自45个国家的数据,这些数据被分为六个地区:中东和北非(MENA)、东南亚国家联盟(ASEAN)、东非、南非和西非。利用描述性统计、显著图和聚类分析,这项调查是彻底和适当地完成的。ArcGIS地图中显示的数据还显示了1985年至2017年间几个亚洲和非洲国家的移民和汇款流出情况。通过考虑五个聚类,聚类分析用于分析汇款如何影响移民的类似国家。在这45个国家中,分别有3个、8个、13个、19个和3个国家组成了I到V类。第五组由孟加拉国、印度和中国组成。由于II和III是距离最远的星团,II和III是距离最近的星团,因此III和V之间的星团距离很小,II和III之间的星团距离很大。缺乏时间序列迁移数据是本研究的关键常数。为了取得成功的结果,可以使用模拟研究。为了获得更好的结果,任何人都可以在分析中加入歧视分析。ArcGIS还用于创建具有视觉吸引力的数据分布可视化,例如带有图例和注释的地图、图表和图形。
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引用次数: 0
An Overview of the Reforms of Personal Income Tax (PIT) in Bangladesh 孟加拉个人所得税改革综述
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.58970/ijsb.2075
Bangladesh is a country of about 170 million people. But the tax-GDP ratio is yet to reach the double digit. There are some tax reform efforts already have taken to update the tax policy and tax administration for expected outcome. This paper attempted to review those reform efforts highlighting the personal income tax (PIT) and to summarize the reforms already have done and their implications in the revenue performance. It is an exploratory research and secondary sources of data are used to accomplish this study. After a thorough review of the reform initiatives, this study has got some point like complexity of the tax code, number of tax payers become double in last 5 years but the collected revenue is not proportional to the increased taxpayers. Collection of tax through TDS has increased to almost 60 percent. It implies the enhanced compliance and efficiency of the tax regime. Introduction of e-filing, e-payment, and universal self-assessment have reduced the hassle of taxpayers. Administrative capacity in terms of infrastructure and manpower has increased. All these progressive efforts do not bring any mentionable change in the tax structure of Bangladesh. Ratio of direct to indirect tax is very high i.e., about 30 to 70. Of this low-slung direct tax, contribution of PIT is about 40 per cent. To grow a middle-income country and sustain, contribution of PIT to the tax structure should be increased through appropriate reforms in this field.
孟加拉国是一个拥有1.7亿人口的国家。但税收与gdp之比尚未达到两位数。已经采取了一些税收改革措施,以更新税收政策和税收管理,以实现预期的结果。本文试图回顾那些以个人所得税为重点的改革努力,并总结已经完成的改革及其对税收绩效的影响。这是一项探索性研究,使用二手数据来源来完成本研究。在对改革举措进行彻底审查后,本研究得出了一些观点,如税法的复杂性,纳税人的数量在过去5年中翻了一番,但征收的收入与增加的纳税人不成比例。通过TDS征收的税收增加到近60%。它意味着提高税收制度的合规性和效率。电子申报、电子支付和通用自我评估的引入减少了纳税人的麻烦。在基础设施和人力方面的行政能力有所提高。所有这些进步的努力并没有给孟加拉国的税收结构带来任何值得一提的变化。直接税与间接税的比例非常高,约为30比70。在这种低税率的直接税中,PIT的贡献约为40%。为了发展中等收入国家并维持下去,应该通过这一领域的适当改革,增加PIT对税收结构的贡献。
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引用次数: 0
The Impact of Word Happiness on Employee Innovative Behavior – Organizational Attachment as a Mediator 言语幸福感对员工创新行为的影响——组织依恋的中介作用
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.58970/ijsb.2096
Bi Yanyuan
In recent years, with the rise of positive psychology, the academic community is committed to finding the “secret” that affects individual happiness and the “best solution” for behavioral consequences, which promotes the vigorous development of word happiness related theories and empirical research. However, under the background that more organizations regard innovation performance as the main strategic goal, the research on the relationship between word happiness and individual innovation behavior and innovation performance lags far behind the actual management needs. Although there are literatures that prove that job happiness can improve the level of individual innovation, in actual organizational management, there is a situation where individual happiness is overwhelming, innovation behavior is scarce, and innovation performance is poor. This study adopted a quantitative approach and is based on resource preservation theory and self-determination theory, and on the basis of systematically sorting out relevant literature, elaborates the path and mechanism of word happiness on innovative behavior.
近年来,随着积极心理学的兴起,学术界致力于寻找影响个体幸福的“秘密”和行为后果的“最佳解决方案”,促进了词汇幸福相关理论和实证研究的蓬勃发展。然而,在越来越多的组织将创新绩效作为主要战略目标的背景下,对词语幸福感与个体创新行为、创新绩效之间关系的研究远远滞后于实际管理需要。虽然有文献证明工作幸福感可以提高个体创新水平,但在实际组织管理中,存在个体幸福感压倒性、创新行为稀缺、创新绩效较差的情况。本研究采用定量方法,以资源保存理论和自我决定理论为基础,在系统梳理相关文献的基础上,阐述了词语幸福对创新行为的影响路径和作用机制。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of Population growth, Energy consumption and GDP on CO2 emissions in Congo brazzaville 人口增长、能源消耗和GDP对刚果布拉柴维尔二氧化碳排放的影响
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.58970/ijsb.2155
Mboussa Moui Ridel
Since the industrial revolution, many studies have looked at the connection between environmental markers of progress and that environment. Using annual time-series data from 1990 to 2020, this study investigates the connections between population increase, energy use, economic expansion, and carbon dioxide emissions in Brazzaville, Congo. This study is significant because it enables us to evaluate the IPAT premise that CO2 emissions are mostly influenced by population expansion, economic growth, and technological advancement. The study uses the ARDL bound test method. The results demonstrate both short- and long-term relationships among the variables (population growth, energy consumption, economic growth, and CO2 emissions), with all variables having a positive impact on CO2 emissions in the short term. However, in the long run, energy consumption has a positive impact on CO2 emissions, in addition to the negative effects of population growth and economic growth on CO2 emissions, because without the adoption of low-carbon technological advancements. Ultimately, the results support the IPAT hypothesis in the Congo-Brazzaville economy, according to which population growth does not affect CO2 emissions because the country’s authorities strictly enforce family planning policies to reduce CO2 emissions. When energy consumption affects environmental quality, the Government should develop new renewable energy sources to reduce carbon dioxide emissions.
自工业革命以来,许多研究都着眼于进步的环境标志与环境之间的联系。利用1990年至2020年的年度时间序列数据,本研究调查了刚果布拉柴维尔人口增长、能源使用、经济扩张和二氧化碳排放之间的关系。这项研究的意义在于,它使我们能够评估IPAT的前提,即二氧化碳排放主要受人口扩张、经济增长和技术进步的影响。本研究采用ARDL结合试验方法。结果表明,人口增长、能源消耗、经济增长和二氧化碳排放之间存在短期和长期关系,所有变量在短期内都对二氧化碳排放产生积极影响。然而,从长远来看,除了人口增长和经济增长对二氧化碳排放的负面影响外,能源消耗对二氧化碳排放有积极的影响,因为没有采用低碳技术进步。最终,研究结果支持了IPAT在刚果-布拉柴维尔经济中的假设,根据该假设,人口增长不会影响二氧化碳排放,因为该国当局严格执行计划生育政策以减少二氧化碳排放。当能源消耗影响环境质素时,政府应发展新的可再生能源,以减少二氧化碳的排放。
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引用次数: 0
Equilibrium Point Analysis of Synergy Based on Bass Diffusion Model 基于低音扩散模型的协同均衡点分析
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.58970/ijsb.2142
Boxi Zuo, Yujian Zhao, Jing Huang
Based on the Bass diffusion model, this paper analyzes the equilibrium point of synergy, and conducts correlation analysis around the equilibrium point, studies the nature of the equilibrium point and the synergy situation of the equilibrium point, analyzes and proves the stability condition of the equilibrium point and the significance of management and economics behind it, and further clarifies the prerequisite and basis for the synergy subject or element to achieve strategic synergy. Through the study of this paper, the dynamic mechanism of long-term strategic synergy and the spillover effect of synergy are discussed, so that the participants or elements of synergy can cooperate more effectively and produce good benefits or greater value spillover.
本文基于Bass扩散模型,分析了协同的平衡点,并围绕平衡点进行了相关分析,研究了平衡点的性质和平衡点的协同情况,分析论证了平衡点的稳定条件及其背后的管理和经济学意义,进一步明确了协同主体或要素实现战略协同的前提和基础。通过本文的研究,探讨长期战略协同的动力机制和协同的溢出效应,使协同的参与者或要素更有效地合作,产生良好的效益或更大的价值溢出。
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引用次数: 0
A Study of Transformational Leadership Behavior and Employee Performance in Chinese Futures Firms 中国期货公司变革型领导行为与员工绩效研究
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.58970/ijsb.2132
Wu Chao
This study purpose is to propose that transformational leaders provoke organizationally beneficial behaviours (e.g., better task performance and helping behaviours) in their followers by igniting their followers’ commitment to work with various behaviours. Employees who are motivated by transformational leaders are more likely to be immersed in their work, and organizational commitment will lead to better task performance. In this study, we used a quantitative research method. The design of this study collected data on the relationship between transformational leadership, employee performance, and organizational commitment from 750 employees in ten futures companies in five cities, Shanghai, Beijing, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, and Chengdu, China, through interviews and questionnaires, and used multiple regression tests and structural equation modelling techniques to validate the results. After discussing the concept of transformational leadership and its dimensions, as well as the idea of employee performance and organizational commitment and their influencing factors, the findings confirmed a correlation model between transformational leadership, employee performance, and organizational commitment and further assessed the correlation among the three and argued that they showed a positive correlation. Through questionnaire survey and data analysis, the influence paths and intensity of influence are clarified, the theoretical model is further revised, and the modelling foundation is solidified to provide a theoretical basis for research related to employee job performance in Chinese futures companies. For the theoretical and practical implications, this study contributes to the research on leadership during the transition period of China’s futures industry and analyses its impact on job performance indicators.
本研究的目的是提出变革型领导者通过激发其下属的各种行为承诺,从而激发其下属的组织有益行为(例如,更好的任务绩效和帮助行为)。被变革型领导者激励的员工更有可能沉浸在他们的工作中,组织承诺会导致更好的任务绩效。在本研究中,我们采用了定量研究的方法。本研究通过访谈和问卷调查的方式,对上海、北京、广州、深圳和成都5个城市的10家期货公司的750名员工,收集了变革型领导、员工绩效和组织承诺之间的关系数据,并采用多元回归检验和结构方程建模技术对结果进行了验证。在讨论了变革型领导的概念及其维度,以及员工绩效和组织承诺的概念及其影响因素后,研究结果证实了变革型领导、员工绩效和组织承诺之间的相关模型,并进一步评估了三者之间的相关性,认为三者之间存在正相关关系。通过问卷调查和数据分析,厘清影响路径和影响强度,进一步修正理论模型,巩固模型基础,为中国期货公司员工工作绩效相关研究提供理论依据。在理论和实践意义上,本研究有助于研究中国期货业转型时期的领导力,并分析其对工作绩效指标的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Measuring Dimensions of Women Empowerment in North-West Region of Bangladesh: A Case Study 衡量孟加拉国西北地区妇女赋权的维度:一个案例研究
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.58970/ijsb.2139
B. Banu, S. Haque
The current study was aimed to measure the different dimensions of women empowerment and identify the factors affecting women empowerment in the North-West Bangladesh. To conduct the study, 537 female respondents who had at least one biological child aged between 6 to 59 months were selected purposively from eight districts of North-West region of Bangladesh using stratified random sampling technique. To identify the factors which influence different dimensions of women empowerment, binomial logistic regression model was used. Descriptive result showed that the overall women empowerment are 13%, where the dimension wise empowerment are (self-esteem – 36%, access to and control over resources – 24%, attitude and behaviour of husband – 48%, decisions related to household – 19%, and mobility– 12%). The factors which significantly influence different dimensions of women empowerment were exposure to media, attitude and behaviour of husband, mother’s employment, spousal age difference, mother’s education, wealth index, family religion, public speaking power, participation in community events, household size and ownership in tangible resources. The result showed that education plays a significant role to improve the level of empowerment of female respondents of NW Bangladesh. When level of education of mothers increased, the self-esteem and access to and control over resources also improved. The study concluded that as the level of empowerment of women living in the NW region are comparatively low in the context of Bangladesh, therefore to increase their empowerment, the study recommended for underlining on quality education for the respondents especially urban and peri-urban areas to move out from poverty.
目前的研究旨在衡量妇女赋权的不同方面,并确定影响孟加拉国西北部妇女赋权的因素。为了开展这项研究,采用分层随机抽样技术,从孟加拉国西北地区的8个地区有目的地选择537名至少有一名6至59个月的亲生子女的女性受访者。为了找出影响妇女赋权不同维度的因素,采用二项logistic回归模型。描述性结果显示,总体上妇女赋权为13%,其中维度赋权为(自尊- 36%,获取和控制资源- 24%,丈夫的态度和行为- 48%,与家庭有关的决策- 19%,流动性- 12%)。显著影响妇女赋权不同层面的因素有:接触媒体、丈夫的态度和行为、母亲的就业、配偶的年龄差异、母亲的教育程度、财富指数、家庭宗教、公共演讲能力、参与社区活动、家庭规模和对有形资源的所有权。结果表明,教育对提高孟加拉国西北部女性受访者的赋权水平起着重要作用。当母亲的教育水平提高时,自尊和对资源的获取和控制也会改善。该研究的结论是,在孟加拉国的背景下,生活在西北地区的妇女的赋权水平相对较低,因此,为了增加她们的赋权,该研究建议强调对受访者,特别是城市和城郊地区的优质教育,以摆脱贫困。
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引用次数: 0
Critical Accounting Theory: Unveiling Power Dynamics and Enhancing Accountability - An Empirical Study on Existing Literature 批判性会计理论:揭示权力动态与强化问责——对现有文献的实证研究
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.58970/ijsb.2128
Most. Mukta Khatun, Md. Sagar Hossain
This article reconnoiters the critical accounting theory, focusing on its ability to unveil power dynamics and enhance accountability within organizations. Through an empirical study of existing literature, we examine the theoretical framework of critical accounting theory and its practical implications for understanding the complex interplay between power dynamics and accounting practices. The study aims to shed light on how accounting systems and practices can reinforce or challenge power structures within organizations and their broader societal implications. Drawing upon a comprehensive review of scholarly articles, case studies, and empirical research, we identify key themes and concepts within critical accounting theory. The empirical analysis provides insights into how critical accounting theory has been applied in various contexts, such as corporate governance, financial reporting, and sustainability accounting. The findings reveal that critical accounting theory offers a valuable lens for understanding the underlying power dynamics that influence accounting practices. Furthermore, the article discusses the implications of critical accounting theory for policymakers, regulators, and practitioners. It emphasizes the importance of considering power dynamics and social contexts in designing accounting standards, regulations, and corporate governance mechanisms. In conclusion, this article contributes to the growing body of literature on critical accounting theory by providing an empirical analysis of its application and implications. It underscores the need for a critical perspective in accounting research and practice, acknowledging the power dynamics at play and their potential consequences. By unveiling these dynamics and promoting accountability, critical accounting theory can drive positive change and foster a more just and responsible business environment.
本文重新审视了批判性会计理论,重点关注其揭示权力动态和增强组织内问责制的能力。通过对现有文献的实证研究,我们研究了批判性会计理论的理论框架及其对理解权力动力学与会计实践之间复杂相互作用的实际意义。该研究旨在揭示会计系统和实践如何加强或挑战组织内部的权力结构及其更广泛的社会影响。通过对学术文章、案例研究和实证研究的全面回顾,我们确定了关键会计理论中的关键主题和概念。实证分析提供了对关键会计理论如何在各种背景下应用的见解,如公司治理,财务报告和可持续发展会计。研究结果表明,批判性会计理论为理解影响会计实践的潜在权力动态提供了有价值的视角。此外,本文还讨论了关键会计理论对政策制定者、监管者和从业者的影响。它强调了在设计会计准则、法规和公司治理机制时考虑权力动态和社会背景的重要性。总之,本文通过对批判性会计理论的应用和影响进行实证分析,为越来越多的批判性会计理论文献做出了贡献。它强调了在会计研究和实践中需要一个批判性的视角,承认在发挥作用的权力动态及其潜在后果。通过揭示这些动态和促进问责制,关键会计理论可以推动积极的变化,培养一个更加公正和负责任的商业环境。
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引用次数: 0
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