The current study was aimed to measure the different dimensions of women empowerment and identify the factors affecting women empowerment in the North-West Bangladesh. To conduct the study, 537 female respondents who had at least one biological child aged between 6 to 59 months were selected purposively from eight districts of North-West region of Bangladesh using stratified random sampling technique. To identify the factors which influence different dimensions of women empowerment, binomial logistic regression model was used. Descriptive result showed that the overall women empowerment are 13%, where the dimension wise empowerment are (self-esteem – 36%, access to and control over resources – 24%, attitude and behaviour of husband – 48%, decisions related to household – 19%, and mobility– 12%). The factors which significantly influence different dimensions of women empowerment were exposure to media, attitude and behaviour of husband, mother’s employment, spousal age difference, mother’s education, wealth index, family religion, public speaking power, participation in community events, household size and ownership in tangible resources. The result showed that education plays a significant role to improve the level of empowerment of female respondents of NW Bangladesh. When level of education of mothers increased, the self-esteem and access to and control over resources also improved. The study concluded that as the level of empowerment of women living in the NW region are comparatively low in the context of Bangladesh, therefore to increase their empowerment, the study recommended for underlining on quality education for the respondents especially urban and peri-urban areas to move out from poverty.
{"title":"Measuring Dimensions of Women Empowerment in North-West Region of Bangladesh: A Case Study","authors":"B. Banu, S. Haque","doi":"10.58970/ijsb.2139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58970/ijsb.2139","url":null,"abstract":"The current study was aimed to measure the different dimensions of women empowerment and identify the factors affecting women empowerment in the North-West Bangladesh. To conduct the study, 537 female respondents who had at least one biological child aged between 6 to 59 months were selected purposively from eight districts of North-West region of Bangladesh using stratified random sampling technique. To identify the factors which influence different dimensions of women empowerment, binomial logistic regression model was used. Descriptive result showed that the overall women empowerment are 13%, where the dimension wise empowerment are (self-esteem – 36%, access to and control over resources – 24%, attitude and behaviour of husband – 48%, decisions related to household – 19%, and mobility– 12%). The factors which significantly influence different dimensions of women empowerment were exposure to media, attitude and behaviour of husband, mother’s employment, spousal age difference, mother’s education, wealth index, family religion, public speaking power, participation in community events, household size and ownership in tangible resources. The result showed that education plays a significant role to improve the level of empowerment of female respondents of NW Bangladesh. When level of education of mothers increased, the self-esteem and access to and control over resources also improved. The study concluded that as the level of empowerment of women living in the NW region are comparatively low in the context of Bangladesh, therefore to increase their empowerment, the study recommended for underlining on quality education for the respondents especially urban and peri-urban areas to move out from poverty.","PeriodicalId":297563,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Business","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130623858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study purpose is to propose that transformational leaders provoke organizationally beneficial behaviours (e.g., better task performance and helping behaviours) in their followers by igniting their followers’ commitment to work with various behaviours. Employees who are motivated by transformational leaders are more likely to be immersed in their work, and organizational commitment will lead to better task performance. In this study, we used a quantitative research method. The design of this study collected data on the relationship between transformational leadership, employee performance, and organizational commitment from 750 employees in ten futures companies in five cities, Shanghai, Beijing, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, and Chengdu, China, through interviews and questionnaires, and used multiple regression tests and structural equation modelling techniques to validate the results. After discussing the concept of transformational leadership and its dimensions, as well as the idea of employee performance and organizational commitment and their influencing factors, the findings confirmed a correlation model between transformational leadership, employee performance, and organizational commitment and further assessed the correlation among the three and argued that they showed a positive correlation. Through questionnaire survey and data analysis, the influence paths and intensity of influence are clarified, the theoretical model is further revised, and the modelling foundation is solidified to provide a theoretical basis for research related to employee job performance in Chinese futures companies. For the theoretical and practical implications, this study contributes to the research on leadership during the transition period of China’s futures industry and analyses its impact on job performance indicators.
{"title":"A Study of Transformational Leadership Behavior and Employee Performance in Chinese Futures Firms","authors":"Wu Chao","doi":"10.58970/ijsb.2132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58970/ijsb.2132","url":null,"abstract":"This study purpose is to propose that transformational leaders provoke organizationally beneficial behaviours (e.g., better task performance and helping behaviours) in their followers by igniting their followers’ commitment to work with various behaviours. Employees who are motivated by transformational leaders are more likely to be immersed in their work, and organizational commitment will lead to better task performance. In this study, we used a quantitative research method. The design of this study collected data on the relationship between transformational leadership, employee performance, and organizational commitment from 750 employees in ten futures companies in five cities, Shanghai, Beijing, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, and Chengdu, China, through interviews and questionnaires, and used multiple regression tests and structural equation modelling techniques to validate the results. After discussing the concept of transformational leadership and its dimensions, as well as the idea of employee performance and organizational commitment and their influencing factors, the findings confirmed a correlation model between transformational leadership, employee performance, and organizational commitment and further assessed the correlation among the three and argued that they showed a positive correlation. Through questionnaire survey and data analysis, the influence paths and intensity of influence are clarified, the theoretical model is further revised, and the modelling foundation is solidified to provide a theoretical basis for research related to employee job performance in Chinese futures companies. For the theoretical and practical implications, this study contributes to the research on leadership during the transition period of China’s futures industry and analyses its impact on job performance indicators.","PeriodicalId":297563,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Business","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131166242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Based on the fairness theory, this paper takes perceived fairness as an intermediary variable to study the impact of online service recovery on customer satisfaction and repurchase intention. In the research process, the service recovery is divided into three dimensions of material recovery, spiritual recovery and positive responsiveness, and the perceived fairness is divided into three dimensions of distributive fairness, procedure fairness and interaction fairness. The corresponding scales are designed for questionnaire survey and data analysis, it can explore the impact of perceived fairness as a mediating variable on service recovery and customer satisfaction; the impact of perceived fairness as a mediating variable on service recovery and repurchase intention; and the impact of customer satisfaction on repurchase intention. Finally, the following findings and conclusions are drawn: material recovery and spiritual recovery positively affect distributive, procedural and interactive fairness, while positive responsiveness has no significant impact on distributive fairness, and only positively affects procedural fairness and interactive fairness; distributive, procedural and interactive fairness are equally positively affects customer satisfaction, but has no significant effect on repurchase intention ; customer satisfaction positively affects repurchase intention. Based on the above conclusions, enterprises can increase their emphasis on service recovery, and at the same time pay attention to the fairness of service recovery, treat all consumers fairly, formulate a recovery plan that satisfies consumers for them to choose, increase customer satisfaction, and increase repurchases ratio, thereby improving corporate performance.
{"title":"The Relationship between Service Remediation, Perceived Fairness, Customer Satisfaction, and Repurchase Intention: A Case Study of Online Stores in the Yangtze River Delta Region of China","authors":"He Zhi Qiang","doi":"10.58970/ijsb.2161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58970/ijsb.2161","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the fairness theory, this paper takes perceived fairness as an intermediary variable to study the impact of online service recovery on customer satisfaction and repurchase intention. In the research process, the service recovery is divided into three dimensions of material recovery, spiritual recovery and positive responsiveness, and the perceived fairness is divided into three dimensions of distributive fairness, procedure fairness and interaction fairness. The corresponding scales are designed for questionnaire survey and data analysis, it can explore the impact of perceived fairness as a mediating variable on service recovery and customer satisfaction; the impact of perceived fairness as a mediating variable on service recovery and repurchase intention; and the impact of customer satisfaction on repurchase intention. Finally, the following findings and conclusions are drawn: material recovery and spiritual recovery positively affect distributive, procedural and interactive fairness, while positive responsiveness has no significant impact on distributive fairness, and only positively affects procedural fairness and interactive fairness; distributive, procedural and interactive fairness are equally positively affects customer satisfaction, but has no significant effect on repurchase intention ; customer satisfaction positively affects repurchase intention. Based on the above conclusions, enterprises can increase their emphasis on service recovery, and at the same time pay attention to the fairness of service recovery, treat all consumers fairly, formulate a recovery plan that satisfies consumers for them to choose, increase customer satisfaction, and increase repurchases ratio, thereby improving corporate performance.","PeriodicalId":297563,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Business","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114007908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Based on the current literature and practice literature, and in the new business era in which digital technology and many industries converge and lead to “consumer seizure of power”, value co-creation is becoming the most competitive and creative strategic concept. The quantitatively designed study is to consider that, as a brand-new form of value creation, value co-creation subverts the traditional view that value is created by enterprises in one direction and customers are only value consumers, highlighting that value is jointly created by enterprises and customers in the interactive process. The purpose of this study is to analyze the implementation effect of value co-creation. Findings pointed out that the current academic achievements are insufficient in the internal mechanism and mechanism of value co-creation carried out by enterprises as the research object, especially the lack of strong arguments and theoretical guidance for enterprises to establish value co-creation practices with consumers. The implications are that the appropriate quantitative research is urgently needed to fully verify the role and impact of value co-creation. The joint creation of value between enterprises and consumers is the source of sustainable competitiveness for enterprises and an inevitable choice for the future development of enterprises.
{"title":"A Study on the Relationship between Innovation and Corporate Performance: In the Context of China’s Fitness Service Industry","authors":"Yang Ziyu","doi":"10.58970/ijsb.2125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58970/ijsb.2125","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the current literature and practice literature, and in the new business era in which digital technology and many industries converge and lead to “consumer seizure of power”, value co-creation is becoming the most competitive and creative strategic concept. The quantitatively designed study is to consider that, as a brand-new form of value creation, value co-creation subverts the traditional view that value is created by enterprises in one direction and customers are only value consumers, highlighting that value is jointly created by enterprises and customers in the interactive process. The purpose of this study is to analyze the implementation effect of value co-creation. Findings pointed out that the current academic achievements are insufficient in the internal mechanism and mechanism of value co-creation carried out by enterprises as the research object, especially the lack of strong arguments and theoretical guidance for enterprises to establish value co-creation practices with consumers. The implications are that the appropriate quantitative research is urgently needed to fully verify the role and impact of value co-creation. The joint creation of value between enterprises and consumers is the source of sustainable competitiveness for enterprises and an inevitable choice for the future development of enterprises.","PeriodicalId":297563,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Business","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124584644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Environmental pollution is a serious issue in the majority of countries due to industrial activities. In this context, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between industrialization and environmental pollution in Tajikistan. Explanatory variables employed included population growth, urbanization, economic growth (GDP), GDP per capita, and energy consumption. Environmental pollution was treated as the explained variable, and the study applied the Theory of Environmentally Responsible Behavior, Reasoned/Responsible Action theory, and the Environmental Citizenship Model of Human Interaction with the Environment, forming the theoretical framework for this research. A correlational research methodology was employed in this study. The results of the econometric tests revealed the following: Industrial output (resulting from industrial activities), population growth, urbanization, economic growth (GDP), and energy consumption have a positive and significant impact on the emission of greenhouse gases (environmental pollution) in Tajikistan. Conversely, GDP per capita has a negative impact on the emission of greenhouse gases (environmental pollution) in Tajikistan. Furthermore, there exists a bidirectional causality between all variables and environmental pollution (greenhouse gas emission), with the exception of GDP per capita. Based on the findings, the analysis concluded that a long-term association exists between industrialization, the alternative variables, and environmental pollution, except for GDP per capita. The study also presented several recommendations on how to promote industrial symbiosis (IS).
{"title":"Relationship between Industrialization and Environmental pollution in Tajikistan","authors":"Takhmina Umaralieva, Guy Merlain Djakou","doi":"10.58970/ijsb.2171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58970/ijsb.2171","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental pollution is a serious issue in the majority of countries due to industrial activities. In this context, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between industrialization and environmental pollution in Tajikistan. Explanatory variables employed included population growth, urbanization, economic growth (GDP), GDP per capita, and energy consumption. Environmental pollution was treated as the explained variable, and the study applied the Theory of Environmentally Responsible Behavior, Reasoned/Responsible Action theory, and the Environmental Citizenship Model of Human Interaction with the Environment, forming the theoretical framework for this research. A correlational research methodology was employed in this study. The results of the econometric tests revealed the following: Industrial output (resulting from industrial activities), population growth, urbanization, economic growth (GDP), and energy consumption have a positive and significant impact on the emission of greenhouse gases (environmental pollution) in Tajikistan. Conversely, GDP per capita has a negative impact on the emission of greenhouse gases (environmental pollution) in Tajikistan. Furthermore, there exists a bidirectional causality between all variables and environmental pollution (greenhouse gas emission), with the exception of GDP per capita. Based on the findings, the analysis concluded that a long-term association exists between industrialization, the alternative variables, and environmental pollution, except for GDP per capita. The study also presented several recommendations on how to promote industrial symbiosis (IS).","PeriodicalId":297563,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Business","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129390282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cultivating a sense of professional mission for skilled talents and stimulating skilled talents to break through limitations and dare to innovate will be of great significance to the high-quality development of my country’s economy and society. Therefore, this study’ objective focuses on the occupational group of skilled talents. Under the research design which based on the framework of psychological ownership and resource conservation theory, it explores the connotation and dimension of the occupational mission sense of skilled talents, compiles a measurement scale for the occupational mission sense of skilled talents, and reveals the occupational mission sense of skilled talents. The findings include that the mechanism of action on their creativity provides a theoretical basis for cultivating the professional mission sense of skilled talents and improving their creativity. The theoretical implication and significance of this research is that under the background of the new era in my country, the research is aimed at the professional mission sense of skilled talents, an important and special group, and the impact of the professional mission sense of skilled talents on their creativity is deeply explored. The relationship between mission sense and creativity enriches the theory of professional mission sense and related research fields. The practical significance is that the research conclusions will help cultivate the professional mission sense of skilled talents, and at the same time provide a certain theoretical basis for improving the management practice of the creativity of skilled talents.
{"title":"The Relationship between Career Mission, Psychological Ownership, and Creativity of Skilled Talents in China","authors":"L. Lei","doi":"10.58970/ijsb.2165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58970/ijsb.2165","url":null,"abstract":"Cultivating a sense of professional mission for skilled talents and stimulating skilled talents to break through limitations and dare to innovate will be of great significance to the high-quality development of my country’s economy and society. Therefore, this study’ objective focuses on the occupational group of skilled talents. Under the research design which based on the framework of psychological ownership and resource conservation theory, it explores the connotation and dimension of the occupational mission sense of skilled talents, compiles a measurement scale for the occupational mission sense of skilled talents, and reveals the occupational mission sense of skilled talents. The findings include that the mechanism of action on their creativity provides a theoretical basis for cultivating the professional mission sense of skilled talents and improving their creativity. The theoretical implication and significance of this research is that under the background of the new era in my country, the research is aimed at the professional mission sense of skilled talents, an important and special group, and the impact of the professional mission sense of skilled talents on their creativity is deeply explored. The relationship between mission sense and creativity enriches the theory of professional mission sense and related research fields. The practical significance is that the research conclusions will help cultivate the professional mission sense of skilled talents, and at the same time provide a certain theoretical basis for improving the management practice of the creativity of skilled talents.","PeriodicalId":297563,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Business","volume":"248 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115966776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to examine the influence of Chinese immigrants on Canadian business culture and the role of Chinese business associations in shaping the Canadian business landscape. A qualitative research design was used to explore the topic, and semi-structured interviews were conducted as the primary method of data collection. 25 participants were selected for the study through purposive sampling, including Chinese immigrant business owners, employees of Chinese-owned businesses, and members of Chinese business associations in Canada. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data collected through the interviews and identify patterns and themes that emerged from the participants’ responses. The study found that Chinese immigrants have had a significant influence on Canadian business culture and that Chinese business associations play an important role in promoting business cooperation between different cultural groups. The results also suggest that embracing cultural diversity in the business environment has both benefits and challenges, and businesses must effectively manage cultural diversity in the workplace to promote cooperation between different cultural groups. This study provides valuable insights into the ways in which Chinese immigrants have shaped the Canadian business landscape and the importance of embracing cultural diversity in the business environment.
{"title":"The Rise of Chinese Entrepreneurs in Canada: From Immigrant to Influencer","authors":"Peng Sun, Xiaode Zuo","doi":"10.58970/ijsb.2122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58970/ijsb.2122","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to examine the influence of Chinese immigrants on Canadian business culture and the role of Chinese business associations in shaping the Canadian business landscape. A qualitative research design was used to explore the topic, and semi-structured interviews were conducted as the primary method of data collection. 25 participants were selected for the study through purposive sampling, including Chinese immigrant business owners, employees of Chinese-owned businesses, and members of Chinese business associations in Canada. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data collected through the interviews and identify patterns and themes that emerged from the participants’ responses. The study found that Chinese immigrants have had a significant influence on Canadian business culture and that Chinese business associations play an important role in promoting business cooperation between different cultural groups. The results also suggest that embracing cultural diversity in the business environment has both benefits and challenges, and businesses must effectively manage cultural diversity in the workplace to promote cooperation between different cultural groups. This study provides valuable insights into the ways in which Chinese immigrants have shaped the Canadian business landscape and the importance of embracing cultural diversity in the business environment.","PeriodicalId":297563,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Business","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126796808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper investigates the impact of job embeddedness on job performance among medical staff in public hospitals. It has been demonstrated that the employment embedding is positively related to the work performance and the context performance of the public hospital. It is discovered that organization identity and job satisfaction partly mediate the relation of employment embedding and work performance, but demand orientation has a positive effect on the relation between employment embedded and work satisfaction. The results offer an insight into how to improve the work performance of health care workers in public hospitals, emphasizing the significance of embedded work and its dimensions, and the mediation and adjustment factors affecting it. The research provides some beneficial tactics for maintaining and improving the performance of health care workers in public hospitals.
{"title":"The Link between Job Embeddedness, Organizational Identification, Job Satisfaction, and Job Performance among Medical Staff in Guangxi Public Hospitals: A Mediation Model Analysis","authors":"Deng Bifan","doi":"10.58970/ijsb.2116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58970/ijsb.2116","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the impact of job embeddedness on job performance among medical staff in public hospitals. It has been demonstrated that the employment embedding is positively related to the work performance and the context performance of the public hospital. It is discovered that organization identity and job satisfaction partly mediate the relation of employment embedding and work performance, but demand orientation has a positive effect on the relation between employment embedded and work satisfaction. The results offer an insight into how to improve the work performance of health care workers in public hospitals, emphasizing the significance of embedded work and its dimensions, and the mediation and adjustment factors affecting it. The research provides some beneficial tactics for maintaining and improving the performance of health care workers in public hospitals.","PeriodicalId":297563,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Business","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131043049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study aims to explore the comparison for both two periods of earning status of waqf employee who are directly involved with the activities of waqf estates of Bangladesh. One period for present income and second period for previous income status. The major objective of this study is to compare present income status of the waqf employee and national level income of Bangladesh. The minor objective is to know the socio-economic status of waqf employee group. The methodology of this study is purely analytical. For conducting this work 130 stakeholders have been selected using purposive sampling method from four waqf estates in Dhaka city. The collected data is analyzed with excel program. From the findings of the study, it is found that the average monthly total income as well as monthly additional income from inside and outside of waqf employee of the organization is BDT 26038.46 and BDT 11,717 respectively. However, the waqf employee use these earnings to lead better life that may help to reduce their poverty as well as to improve their socio-economic status. During the field survey with researcher’s own observation and talking to the employee of waqf estates it is found that there was much more problems and anomalies in the waqf management of waqf organization. It is also observed that there is absence of transparency and accountability in waqf function. For reducing these problems and anomalies few suggestions and recommendations have been prescribed here to make the waqf properties effective and sustainable in order to attain desired development of Bangladesh as well as waqf properties.
{"title":"Comparative Study of Earning Status of Waqf Employees in Bangladesh: A Study on Dhaka City","authors":"Md. Abdul Hamid","doi":"10.58970/ijsb.2154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58970/ijsb.2154","url":null,"abstract":"The study aims to explore the comparison for both two periods of earning status of waqf employee who are directly involved with the activities of waqf estates of Bangladesh. One period for present income and second period for previous income status. The major objective of this study is to compare present income status of the waqf employee and national level income of Bangladesh. The minor objective is to know the socio-economic status of waqf employee group. The methodology of this study is purely analytical. For conducting this work 130 stakeholders have been selected using purposive sampling method from four waqf estates in Dhaka city. The collected data is analyzed with excel program. From the findings of the study, it is found that the average monthly total income as well as monthly additional income from inside and outside of waqf employee of the organization is BDT 26038.46 and BDT 11,717 respectively. However, the waqf employee use these earnings to lead better life that may help to reduce their poverty as well as to improve their socio-economic status. During the field survey with researcher’s own observation and talking to the employee of waqf estates it is found that there was much more problems and anomalies in the waqf management of waqf organization. It is also observed that there is absence of transparency and accountability in waqf function. For reducing these problems and anomalies few suggestions and recommendations have been prescribed here to make the waqf properties effective and sustainable in order to attain desired development of Bangladesh as well as waqf properties.","PeriodicalId":297563,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Business","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133236298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Al-Kut city, like many other Iraqi cities, has a thorough research literature in proposals for traffic control or transportation planning that consider the growth of the population, employment, and car ownership each year, all of which have an effect on daily activities. day after day. Utilizing programs likes (TransCAD, GIS), the network is utilized to evaluate the patterns of current traffic flow. and gather various types of data, including for the work of the extensive road network, field surveys are performed. The evaluation’s findings indicated that the majority of the city’s roads had a level of service type (A), with the exception of Al-Naseej, Baghdad-Al-Kut, Al-Tarabiya, and Al-Harah streets, which have service-level types (F) at which the ratio of vehicles to road capacity (v/c) is above one. On that premise, it was planned to build new roads to shift the course of external – external trips, as well as add lanes, to alleviate the congestion that had developed in the problem area.
{"title":"Evaluating the Road network in Kut City by using TransCAD and GIS Techniques","authors":"Oulla F. Aboodi, G. J. Qasim","doi":"10.58970/ijsb.2097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58970/ijsb.2097","url":null,"abstract":"Al-Kut city, like many other Iraqi cities, has a thorough research literature in proposals for traffic control or transportation planning that consider the growth of the population, employment, and car ownership each year, all of which have an effect on daily activities. day after day. Utilizing programs likes (TransCAD, GIS), the network is utilized to evaluate the patterns of current traffic flow. and gather various types of data, including for the work of the extensive road network, field surveys are performed. The evaluation’s findings indicated that the majority of the city’s roads had a level of service type (A), with the exception of Al-Naseej, Baghdad-Al-Kut, Al-Tarabiya, and Al-Harah streets, which have service-level types (F) at which the ratio of vehicles to road capacity (v/c) is above one. On that premise, it was planned to build new roads to shift the course of external – external trips, as well as add lanes, to alleviate the congestion that had developed in the problem area.","PeriodicalId":297563,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Business","volume":"2009 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127328271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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