Abstract In the educational project of Quintilian, the teacher aims at not only linguistic but also moral training of young people. The progymnasmata, which in Rome were mostly taught by grammarians, were a useful course for acquiring the skills in the composition of texts and getting strong civic virtues. By completing the graded series of exercises on the various types of texts, the students learned exposition techniques, forms of expression and the most appropriate rules for laying out an argument according to type of text (fable, anecdote, narrative, encomium, ekphrasis, etc.); through reading the classics, they also furnished themselves with noteworthy cultural awareness made up of myths, historical episodes, sayings and quotations, philosophical themes and juridical formulae.
{"title":"Quintilian and the progymnasmata to develop writing ability and gather communication rules","authors":"Francesco Berardi","doi":"10.1515/joll-2017-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joll-2017-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the educational project of Quintilian, the teacher aims at not only linguistic but also moral training of young people. The progymnasmata, which in Rome were mostly taught by grammarians, were a useful course for acquiring the skills in the composition of texts and getting strong civic virtues. By completing the graded series of exercises on the various types of texts, the students learned exposition techniques, forms of expression and the most appropriate rules for laying out an argument according to type of text (fable, anecdote, narrative, encomium, ekphrasis, etc.); through reading the classics, they also furnished themselves with noteworthy cultural awareness made up of myths, historical episodes, sayings and quotations, philosophical themes and juridical formulae.","PeriodicalId":29862,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Latin Linguistics","volume":"16 1","pages":"157 - 166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/joll-2017-0008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45666420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract After defining grammatical (as opposed to lexical) homonymy as concerning either inflection or the conflict between different parts of speech, attention is paid to those contexts in which Varro and Quintilian dealt with processes falling under that concept. The paper remarks on the acute distinction Quintilian seems to make between lexical and grammatical homonymy by dealing with the former in relation to rhetoric and the latter within the grammatical chapters of book I. The similarity of Quintilian’s approach to homonymy is then shown with the use Apollonius Dyscolus would later make of the term synemptosis as a morphological coincidence of word forms. The parallel doctrine and terminology in later Latin traditions is also considered.
{"title":"Quintilian on “grammatical homonymy”: The linguistic sensibility of a Roman lawyer","authors":"J. Uría","doi":"10.1515/joll-2017-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joll-2017-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract After defining grammatical (as opposed to lexical) homonymy as concerning either inflection or the conflict between different parts of speech, attention is paid to those contexts in which Varro and Quintilian dealt with processes falling under that concept. The paper remarks on the acute distinction Quintilian seems to make between lexical and grammatical homonymy by dealing with the former in relation to rhetoric and the latter within the grammatical chapters of book I. The similarity of Quintilian’s approach to homonymy is then shown with the use Apollonius Dyscolus would later make of the term synemptosis as a morphological coincidence of word forms. The parallel doctrine and terminology in later Latin traditions is also considered.","PeriodicalId":29862,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Latin Linguistics","volume":"16 1","pages":"43 - 79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/joll-2017-0004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49179285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rolando Ferri, & Zago Anna (eds.).: The Latin of the Grammarians, Reflections about Language in the Roman World","authors":"Gualtiero Calboli","doi":"10.1515/joll-2017-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joll-2017-0001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29862,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Latin Linguistics","volume":"16 1","pages":"117 - 147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/joll-2017-0001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46148267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This paper aims to examine gerundial constructions found in some ninth-century legal documents produced in the Lombard duchy of Salerno and passed down by the so-called Codex diplomaticus Cavensis. Special attention is devoted to three kinds of constructions: the complement gerund governed by nouns, the gerund of purpose, and the adverbial gerund. In the first two of these syntactic domains, the variation between both different types of gerundial structures and infinitive constructions is analyzed, enabling us to observe both the spectrum of syntactic variability of the gerund and the dynamics of variation between these two verbal moods. To interpret this alternation, especially on dependence on nouns, a crucial role is played by sociolinguistic factors. In the last of the mentioned domains, the alternation between gerund and present participle is investigated.
{"title":"Gerundial constructions, stylistic variation and linguistic change between Latin and Romance: Evidence from the Codex diplomaticus Cavensis","authors":"Simona Valente","doi":"10.1515/joll-2017-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joll-2017-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper aims to examine gerundial constructions found in some ninth-century legal documents produced in the Lombard duchy of Salerno and passed down by the so-called Codex diplomaticus Cavensis. Special attention is devoted to three kinds of constructions: the complement gerund governed by nouns, the gerund of purpose, and the adverbial gerund. In the first two of these syntactic domains, the variation between both different types of gerundial structures and infinitive constructions is analyzed, enabling us to observe both the spectrum of syntactic variability of the gerund and the dynamics of variation between these two verbal moods. To interpret this alternation, especially on dependence on nouns, a crucial role is played by sociolinguistic factors. In the last of the mentioned domains, the alternation between gerund and present participle is investigated.","PeriodicalId":29862,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Latin Linguistics","volume":"16 1","pages":"115 - 81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/joll-2017-0005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41341111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sen, Ranjan: Syllable and Segment in Latin","authors":"Giovanna Marotta","doi":"10.1515/joll-2017-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joll-2017-0002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29862,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Latin Linguistics","volume":"16 1","pages":"149 - 155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/joll-2017-0002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45511695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Latin deponents are usually treated as morphological idiosyncrasies in which the Middle morphology is not related to an anticausative (change of state), reflexive or passive syntactic structure, in which it would be expected and grammatically justified (Embick, David. 2000. Features syntax and categories in the Latin perfect. Linguistic Inquiry 31(2). 185–230; Xu, Zheng, Mark Aronoff and Frank Anshen. 2007. Deponency in Latin. In Matthew Baerman et al. (eds.), Deponency and morphological mismatches, 127–144. Oxford: Oxford University Press). Focusing on the non-denominal deponents, I show that these verbs are always reflexives or anticausatives. In the reflexive and anticausative structures a single argument gains two thematic roles, the most external one, doer for the reflexives, undergoer for the anticausatives, and a lower one (holder of a state, benefactive, etc.). The Latin Middle morphology marks the external role as syntactically deactivated but semantically existential and allows for the assignment of the external role to a lower argument. The peculiarity of deponents is not the presence of the Middle, but the fact that, because of specific lexical constraints, these verbs cannot be present in an Active derivation. Similar lexically constrained verbs which can only appear in anticausative or reflexive structures are crosslinguistically attested: deponents are not Latin idiosyncrasies.
{"title":"Deposing deponency: Latin non-denominal deponents are not grammatically idiosyncratic verbs","authors":"Francesco Pinzin","doi":"10.1515/joll-2017-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joll-2017-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Latin deponents are usually treated as morphological idiosyncrasies in which the Middle morphology is not related to an anticausative (change of state), reflexive or passive syntactic structure, in which it would be expected and grammatically justified (Embick, David. 2000. Features syntax and categories in the Latin perfect. Linguistic Inquiry 31(2). 185–230; Xu, Zheng, Mark Aronoff and Frank Anshen. 2007. Deponency in Latin. In Matthew Baerman et al. (eds.), Deponency and morphological mismatches, 127–144. Oxford: Oxford University Press). Focusing on the non-denominal deponents, I show that these verbs are always reflexives or anticausatives. In the reflexive and anticausative structures a single argument gains two thematic roles, the most external one, doer for the reflexives, undergoer for the anticausatives, and a lower one (holder of a state, benefactive, etc.). The Latin Middle morphology marks the external role as syntactically deactivated but semantically existential and allows for the assignment of the external role to a lower argument. The peculiarity of deponents is not the presence of the Middle, but the fact that, because of specific lexical constraints, these verbs cannot be present in an Active derivation. Similar lexically constrained verbs which can only appear in anticausative or reflexive structures are crosslinguistically attested: deponents are not Latin idiosyncrasies.","PeriodicalId":29862,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Latin Linguistics","volume":"16 1","pages":"11 - 41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/joll-2017-0006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47202856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract I discussed a passage in the Rhetorica ad C.Hernnium (82 BC) where two versions of the same talk are delivered ([1a] and [1b]), the former in a colloquial style, the second in a worse, almost “vulgar” Latin. The difference appears also in the two constructions (1a) coepit defricari (instead of *coeptus est defricari which is usually employed by Cicero, Caesar, Livy) and (1b) praesente multis (instead of *praesentibus multis). The former construction is correct but less used by classical authors; the second is not correct and appears as a kind of “vulgar” Latin. However, the Auctor ad Herennium knew very well the differences, because he uses coeptum est dici (4.30.41) and contra intercedentibis collegis (1.12.21). It seems therefore that the Auctor established a kind of barrier inside of which the language, albeit low, was correct, outside incorrect, and acknowledged that inside/outside was ruled by gradation and frequency of use and social condition.
摘要我讨论了Rhetorica ad C.Hernnium（公元前82年）中的一段话，在这段话中，同一话题有两个版本（[1a]和[1b]），前者是口语风格，后者是更糟糕的、几乎“粗俗”的拉丁语。这种差异也出现在两种结构中（1a）coepit defricari（而不是Cicero、Caesar、Livy通常使用的*coeptus est defricari）和（1b）praesente multis（而不是*praesentibus multis）。前一种结构是正确的，但古典作家很少使用；第二种是不正确的，表现为一种“粗俗”的拉丁语。然而，Herennium的拍卖人非常清楚这些差异，因为他使用了coeptum est dici（4.30.41）和contra intermediativis collegis（1.12.21）。因此，拍卖人似乎建立了一种障碍，在这种障碍中，语言虽然很低，但是正确的，外部是不正确的，并承认内部/外部是由使用的等级、频率和社会条件决定的。
{"title":"Linguistic hypercorrectness versus colloquial use in Latin at first century BC and afterwards","authors":"Gualtiero Calboli","doi":"10.1515/joll-2017-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joll-2017-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract I discussed a passage in the Rhetorica ad C.Hernnium (82 BC) where two versions of the same talk are delivered ([1a] and [1b]), the former in a colloquial style, the second in a worse, almost “vulgar” Latin. The difference appears also in the two constructions (1a) coepit defricari (instead of *coeptus est defricari which is usually employed by Cicero, Caesar, Livy) and (1b) praesente multis (instead of *praesentibus multis). The former construction is correct but less used by classical authors; the second is not correct and appears as a kind of “vulgar” Latin. However, the Auctor ad Herennium knew very well the differences, because he uses coeptum est dici (4.30.41) and contra intercedentibis collegis (1.12.21). It seems therefore that the Auctor established a kind of barrier inside of which the language, albeit low, was correct, outside incorrect, and acknowledged that inside/outside was ruled by gradation and frequency of use and social condition.","PeriodicalId":29862,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Latin Linguistics","volume":"16 1","pages":"1 - 10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/joll-2017-0003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44397027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Nedum (‘let alone’) is a connective scalar particle which indicates that the second act is entailed by the first one. Usually the first act contains a semantic, lexical or pragmatic negation; it can however also be used after an affirmative first act. In examining in which contexts nedum can be paraphrased ‘much more’ or ‘much less’, I distinguish four uses of nedum, depending on whether the first act has either a semantic or a lexical/pragmatic/no negation and on whether nedum introduces a phrase or a clause. Typically the first act is the more informative, the second or nedum-act the most relevant in the context. The speaker can make his point in the second act, which is all the more convincing as it is entailed by the first act. Nedum is composed of negating ne and the focus or scalar particle dum. Many scholars connect this with the illocutionary use of ne; but there are several problems with this approach. An alternative explanation of the origin of ne in nedum could be a negation, nedum originally meaning ‘surely not’ or ‘not yet’.
{"title":"Nedum: ‘much less’ or ‘much more’?","authors":"J. Schrickx","doi":"10.1515/joll-2016-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joll-2016-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Nedum (‘let alone’) is a connective scalar particle which indicates that the second act is entailed by the first one. Usually the first act contains a semantic, lexical or pragmatic negation; it can however also be used after an affirmative first act. In examining in which contexts nedum can be paraphrased ‘much more’ or ‘much less’, I distinguish four uses of nedum, depending on whether the first act has either a semantic or a lexical/pragmatic/no negation and on whether nedum introduces a phrase or a clause. Typically the first act is the more informative, the second or nedum-act the most relevant in the context. The speaker can make his point in the second act, which is all the more convincing as it is entailed by the first act. Nedum is composed of negating ne and the focus or scalar particle dum. Many scholars connect this with the illocutionary use of ne; but there are several problems with this approach. An alternative explanation of the origin of ne in nedum could be a negation, nedum originally meaning ‘surely not’ or ‘not yet’.","PeriodicalId":29862,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Latin Linguistics","volume":"15 1","pages":"117 - 144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/joll-2016-0001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66995310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract En donnant au terme « marges » le double sens de « périphérie ou bords » et de « cas atypiques ou non standard », on s’attachera d’abord à l’étude du déplacement de certains constituants de la proposition complétive ((pro)nom, syntagme nominal, termes en qu-) par prolepse, traiectio ou montée du thème en *kw-. Ces phénomènes, qui ont, du moins en ce qui concerne l’anticipation thématique d’un (pro)nom ou syntagme nominal, une motivation pragmatique, entament les limites « naturelles » segmentales des propositions, et ont des répercussions variables sur l’interprétation structurale et la morphosyntaxe de la (macro-)phrase. En partant ensuite de la définition usuelle de la proposition complétive comme une proposition substantive, capable de commuter, comme actant ou argument d’un noyau verbal, avec un pronom neutre du type de id, on étudiera des « cas-limites » de construction complétive; on analysera certaines subordonnées détachées, qui, susceptibles d’être reprises ou annoncées par un élément-support de statut actanciel, semblent intervenir indûment en lieu et place de complétives. Une prise en compte de l’ordre de succession des propositions permettra de mettre à jour des différences substantielles de fonctionnement entre détachées à gauche et détachées à droite. L’étude sera menée dans une optique de synchronie large, essentiellement du latin préclassique au latin postclassique. L’approche sera surtout syntaxique et pragmatique, sans que les points de vue morphologique et sémantique soient entièrement négligés. L’unité et l’apport nouveau de l’étude consistent dans l’intérêt constant porté à l’ordre tactique ou à la succession des constituants dans l’énoncé, d’une part à ses motivations pragmatiques, d’autre part à ses répercussions morphosyntaxiques sur la chaîne phrastique.
{"title":"Retour sur les marges de la subordination complétive en latin","authors":"C. Bodelot","doi":"10.1515/joll-2016-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joll-2016-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract En donnant au terme « marges » le double sens de « périphérie ou bords » et de « cas atypiques ou non standard », on s’attachera d’abord à l’étude du déplacement de certains constituants de la proposition complétive ((pro)nom, syntagme nominal, termes en qu-) par prolepse, traiectio ou montée du thème en *kw-. Ces phénomènes, qui ont, du moins en ce qui concerne l’anticipation thématique d’un (pro)nom ou syntagme nominal, une motivation pragmatique, entament les limites « naturelles » segmentales des propositions, et ont des répercussions variables sur l’interprétation structurale et la morphosyntaxe de la (macro-)phrase. En partant ensuite de la définition usuelle de la proposition complétive comme une proposition substantive, capable de commuter, comme actant ou argument d’un noyau verbal, avec un pronom neutre du type de id, on étudiera des « cas-limites » de construction complétive; on analysera certaines subordonnées détachées, qui, susceptibles d’être reprises ou annoncées par un élément-support de statut actanciel, semblent intervenir indûment en lieu et place de complétives. Une prise en compte de l’ordre de succession des propositions permettra de mettre à jour des différences substantielles de fonctionnement entre détachées à gauche et détachées à droite. L’étude sera menée dans une optique de synchronie large, essentiellement du latin préclassique au latin postclassique. L’approche sera surtout syntaxique et pragmatique, sans que les points de vue morphologique et sémantique soient entièrement négligés. L’unité et l’apport nouveau de l’étude consistent dans l’intérêt constant porté à l’ordre tactique ou à la succession des constituants dans l’énoncé, d’une part à ses motivations pragmatiques, d’autre part à ses répercussions morphosyntaxiques sur la chaîne phrastique.","PeriodicalId":29862,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Latin Linguistics","volume":"15 1","pages":"1 - 32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/joll-2016-0005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66995394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The present paper is devoted to the linguistic analysis of the tabellae defixionum, envisaging in particular some syntactic and semantic traits that might be considered as crucial for the analysis and interpretation of the curse tablets. In the first part, a basic description of the tabellae defixionum as to their historical and cultural context is provided; in the second part, cursing is analyzed according to the speech act theory; and in the third part some relevant features of the variety of Latin used are discussed, especially modality – the usage of the subjunctive mood and the semantics of the verb posse. Additional comments are given on the usage of negation, deixis and quantification.
{"title":"Some linguistic and pragmatic remarks on the tabellae defixionum","authors":"D. Urbanová, Pierluigi Cuzzolin","doi":"10.1515/joll-2016-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/joll-2016-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The present paper is devoted to the linguistic analysis of the tabellae defixionum, envisaging in particular some syntactic and semantic traits that might be considered as crucial for the analysis and interpretation of the curse tablets. In the first part, a basic description of the tabellae defixionum as to their historical and cultural context is provided; in the second part, cursing is analyzed according to the speech act theory; and in the third part some relevant features of the variety of Latin used are discussed, especially modality – the usage of the subjunctive mood and the semantics of the verb posse. Additional comments are given on the usage of negation, deixis and quantification.","PeriodicalId":29862,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Latin Linguistics","volume":"15 1","pages":"313 - 345"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/joll-2016-0011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66995647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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