Dental Materials最新文献_第3页

Assessment of the chemical solubility of experimental and commercial lithium silicate glass-ceramics 实验用和商用硅酸锂微晶玻璃的化学溶解度评价。

IF 4.6 1区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Dental Materials

Pub Date : 2025-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.12.007

Bruna de F. Vallerini , Ligia A.P. Pinelli , Laís D. Silva , Viviane O. Soares , Oscar Peitl , Edgar D. Zanotto , Rodrigo França

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the chemical solubility (CS) and conduct a comprehensive physicochemical characterization of several experimental and commercial lithium silicate-based glass-ceramics towards an understanding of the chemical processes governing dissolution in these glass-ceramics.

Methodology

Glass-ceramic (GC) samples were categorized into two groups: experimental materials featuring lithium metasilicate crystals (GCE1 and GCE2); and five commercial brands relying mostly on lithium disilicate (Celtra®Duo, IPS e.max®CAD, Straumann®n!ce®, CEREC Tessera™, and VITA Suprinity®). CS was assessed by submerging samples in a 4 % acetic acid solution following ISO 6872 standards. High-resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HR-ICP-MS) was employed to evaluate ion leaching from the residual acetic acid solution. Surface roughness and chemical composition were scrutinized using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), respectively.

Results

All groups met the CS standards. Kruskal-Wallis with the Dunn post-hoc test was used for CS, two-way ANOVA for roughness, and three-way ANOVA for XPS, each followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test (α=0.05). AFM revealed no significant alteration in surface roughness post-immersion for the majority of the groups, except for IPS e.max®CAD (p < 0.001). XPS detected compositional changes in all GCs following CS testing. HR-ICP-MS indicated a higher leaching of Li⁺ ions (as expected) across all groups.

Conclusion

This study supports the understanding of the chemical processes that govern the dissolution of glass-ceramics and evaluate how different formulations influenced the CS and elemental composition. In this sense, the GCE2 group exhibited the most favorable properties for dental applications, mirroring the performance of the main commercial materials.

目的：本研究旨在评估几种实验和商用硅锂基微晶玻璃的化学溶解度（CS），并进行全面的物理化学表征，以了解这些微晶玻璃溶解的化学过程。方法：将玻璃陶瓷（GC）样品分为两组：实验材料为偏硅酸锂晶体（GCE1和GCE2）；和五个主要依靠二硅酸锂的商业品牌(Celtra®Duo, IPS e.max®CAD, Straumann®n！ce®、CEREC Tessera™和VITA Suprinity®)。根据ISO 6872标准，将样品浸泡在4 %醋酸溶液中来评估CS。采用高分辨率电感耦合等离子体质谱法（HR-ICP-MS）评价残乙酸溶液的离子浸出。利用原子力显微镜（AFM）和x射线光电子能谱（XPS）分别分析了表面粗糙度和化学成分。结果：各组均符合CS标准。CS采用Kruskal-Wallis与Dunn事后检验，粗糙度采用双向方差分析，XPS采用三向方差分析，各采用Tukey事后检验（α=0.05）。AFM显示，除IPS e.max®CAD (p +离子（如预期）外，大多数组浸泡后表面粗糙度没有显着变化。结论：本研究支持对控制微晶玻璃溶解的化学过程的理解，并评估不同配方对CS和元素组成的影响。从这个意义上说，GCE2组在牙科应用中表现出最有利的性能，反映了主要商业材料的性能。

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引用次数: 0

Milling has superior mechanical properties to other fabrication methods for PMMA denture bases: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. 铣床具有优越的机械性能比其他制造方法的PMMA义齿基托：一个系统的回顾和网络荟萃分析。

IF 4.6 1区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Dental Materials

Pub Date : 2025-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.12.017

Zsófia Éva Vincze, Lilien Nagy, Kata Kelemen, Bianca Gólzio Navarro Cavalcante, Noémi Gede, Péter Hegyi, Dorottya Bányai, László Köles, Krisztina Márton

Objectives: This systematic review and network meta-analysis aimed to compare different PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) complete denture base manufacturing techniques by evaluating their mechanical properties. The objective was to determine which method-compression molding, injection molding, milling, or 3D printing-offers the best performance.

Data: In vitro studies investigating mechanical properties of PMMA denture base resins.

Sources: Four electronic databases such as PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were screened for English language articles. Two independent researchers selected studies, extracted data, assessed risk of bias, and evaluated evidence certainty.

Results: A total of 17152 articles were found by electronic databases. Finally, 63 studies were analyzed, using random-effects model for network meta-analysis. The outcomes investigated were flexural strength, flexural modulus, surface roughness, impact strength, and Vickers hardness. Milling consistently ranked first or second across outcomes, excelling in flexural strength, modulus, and surface roughness. In contrast, 3D-printed denture bases demonstrated the lowest mechanical performance, highlighting the limitations of this technique at present.

Conclusion: Milling is generally recommended for PMMA denture bases due to its superior mechanical properties across most outcomes, supporting its use in clinical settings. However, while promising, 3D-printed PMMA denture bases require further improvement to meet clinical performance standards.

目的：本系统综述和网络荟萃分析旨在通过评估不同的PMMA（聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯）全口义齿基托制造技术的机械性能来比较它们。目的是确定哪种方法-压缩成型，注塑成型，铣削或3D打印-提供最佳性能。资料：在体外研究PMMA义齿基托树脂的力学性能。来源：四个电子数据库，如PubMed， Embase， Web of Science和Cochrane Library，筛选英文文章。两名独立研究人员选择研究，提取数据，评估偏倚风险，并评估证据确定性。结果：电子数据库共检索到文献17152篇。最后，对63项研究进行分析，采用随机效应模型进行网络元分析。研究结果包括抗弯强度、抗弯模量、表面粗糙度、冲击强度和维氏硬度。铣削在结果上一直排名第一或第二，在抗弯强度、模量和表面粗糙度方面表现出色。相比之下，3d打印的义齿基托表现出最低的机械性能，突出了目前该技术的局限性。结论：由于PMMA义齿基托在大多数结果中具有优越的机械性能，因此通常推荐使用铣床，支持其在临床环境中的使用。然而，3d打印PMMA义齿基托虽然前景广阔，但需要进一步改进才能达到临床性能标准。

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引用次数: 0

Long-lasting antimicrobial effect of multipurpose ZnO nanoparticle-loaded dental resins enhanced by blue light photodynamic therapy

IF 4.6 1区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Dental Materials

Pub Date : 2025-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.12.006

Maria Luisa Leite , Patricia Comeau , Ala Zaghwan , Ya Shen , Adriana Pigozzo Manso

Objectives

This study aimed to assess the potential of experimental dental resins containing ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) as a functional tool for the modulation of cariogenic biofilm in long-term.

Methods

Minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations (MIC/MBC) of ZnO-NPs against Streptococcus mutans were initially determined under different energy densities of blue LED irradiation (0.00, 1.35, 6.75, or 20.25 J/cm²) to optimize aPDT parameters. Experimental dental resins were then formulated with 0 % (control), 5 %, 10 %, and 20 % ZnO-NPs. Resin disks (1 mm x 6 mm) were prepared to evaluate the antimicrobial and photocatalytic potential of the experimental groups associated with 0 (dark), 1, 2, or 4 light cycles of blue-light irradiation (20.25 J/cm², each cycle). The CFU count and Live/Dead assays were performed on a cariogenic biofilm model (S. mutans) on fresh and 6-month aged resin disks.

Results

Blue light at 20.25 J/cm² decreased MIC (from 250 µg/mL to 125 µg/mL) and MBC (from 1000 µg/mL to 500 µg/mL), establishing the optimal aPDT protocol. Experimental resins with 5 %, 10 %, or 20 % ZnO-NPs, when exposed to 4 cycles of blue light, significantly reduced biofilm viability compared to controls, both initially and after aging. The 20 % ZnO-NP resin sustained > 3.log10 CFU reduction after 6 months, even with 2 cycles of light. Live/Dead assays showed > 50 % dead cells with the 20 % ZnO-NP resin after 2 light cycles.

Significance

ZnO-NP-loaded dental resins associated with blue light aPDT offer promise as a long-lasting antimicrobial alternative, potentially enhancing the control of pathogenic biofilms.

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引用次数: 0

Effect of uniaxial bending methods on the flexural strength and Weibull analysis of heat-polymerized, CAD/CAM milled, and 3D-printed denture base resins

IF 4.6 1区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Dental Materials

Pub Date : 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.12.015

Abdulaziz Alhotan , Hanan Al-Johani , Ahmed Altarazi , Abdullah Alshamrani , Ahmed Mahmoud Fouda

Objectives

To compare the flexural strength and modulus of denture base resins manufactured by conventional methods, 3-dimensional (3D) printing, and computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) milling using 3-point bending (3PB) and 4-point bending (4PB) methods after simulated aging.

Methods

Ninety bars (64 ×10 ×3.3 mm) were prepared from heat-polymerized (Lucitone-199), CAD/CAM milled (G-CAM), and 3D-printed (Denturetec) denture base resins (n = 30 per material). After 10,000 thermal cycles, specimens were subjected to either 3-point bending (3PB) or 4-point bending (4PB) (n = 15 per method) to measure the flexural strength (σ_3PB and σ_4PB) and elastic modulus (E_3PB and E_4PB) using a universal testing machine. Weibull analysis was performed to evaluate the reliability (m) and characteristic strength (σ₀) as a function of 3PB and 4PB. Fractographic analysis was conducted using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Data were analysed using 2-way ANOVA followed by Tukey post hoc and Student t-tests (α=.05).

Results

Significant effects of material type and uniaxial bending method on flexural strength and modulus were found (P < .001). Irrespective of the flexural strength measurement approach, CAD/CAM milled resins exhibited significantly higher flexural strength in both methods (σ_3PB=125.6 ± 5.2 MPa, σ_4PB=110.5 ± 4.5 MPa) and elastic modulus (E_3PB=2400 ± 120 MPa and E_4PB=2800 ± 150 MPa) compared to 3D-printed and heat-polymerized resins. Irrespective of the denture base resin manufacturing method, σ_3PB was significantly higher than σ_4PB whereas E_4PB was significantly higher than E_3PB (P < .001). Weibull analysis exhibited highest reliability for CAD/CAM resins (m=25.24 – 43.83). Considerable microscopic differences were detected.

Significance

CAD/CAM milled denture base resins exhibited superior flexural properties compared with 3D-printed and heat-polymerized resins.

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引用次数: 0

Experimental investigation and finite element analysis on the durability of root-filled teeth treated with multisonic irrigation 多声灌洗充填根牙耐久性的实验研究及有限元分析。

IF 4.6 1区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Dental Materials

Pub Date : 2025-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.12.009

Fei Lin , Ronald Ordinola-Zapata , Bonita VanHeel , Lu Zhang , Roy Lee , Zhou Ye , Haiping Xu , Alex S.L. Fok

Objective

This study compared the fracture load, stress distribution, and survival probability under cyclic loading of extensively restored teeth treated with multisonic irrigation with those treated with conventional instrumentation, with or without a post.

Methods

Mesial-occlusal-distal cavities were prepared in 30 human mandibular premolars. The teeth were randomly divided into 3 groups of 10 based on the endodontic and restorative procedures: (1) Root canal treatment (RCT) followed by resin composite restoration (control group), (2) RCT followed by a glass fiber post restoration (conventional group), and (3) minimal instrumentation plus multisonic irrigation followed by resin composite restoration (GW group). All groups were restored with full-coverage crowns. The samples were subjected to step-stress cyclic loading until fracture and then scanned using micro-CT to identify the fracture modes. FEA was conducted to evaluate the failure-causing stresses.

Results

The mean fracture loads for the control, conventional, and GW groups were 1700 ± 176 N, 1760 ± 97 N, and 1760 ± 70 N, respectively. The respective numbers of cycles to failure were 39461 ± 6634, 41261 ± 3965, and 40151 ± 3127. There was no significant difference in the fracture load or number of cycles to failure among the groups (p > 0.05). This was supported by the FEA results which showed similar critical stress values in the three groups.

Significance

The multisonic irrigation system led to a comparable fracture load and durability in extensively restored premolars as conventional RCT with or without a fiber post.

目的：比较多声灌洗和常规器械治疗大范围修复牙的骨折载荷、应力分布和循环载荷下的存活概率。方法：在30颗人下颌骨前磨牙中制备近端-咬合端-远端空腔。根据根管治疗和修复方法，将牙齿随机分为3组，每组10颗：(1)根管治疗(RCT) +树脂复合修复（对照组），(2)RCT +玻璃纤维修复后（常规组），(3)最小器械+多声灌洗+树脂复合修复（GW组）。所有组均修复全覆盖冠。试样进行阶梯应力循环加载直至断裂，然后用微ct扫描确定断裂模式。采用有限元法对引起破坏的应力进行了评估。结果:平均骨折负荷的控制,传统,和1700 GW组 ±  176 N, 1760 ±  N, 97和1760年 ±70  N,分别。失效循环次数分别为39461 ± 6634、41261 ± 3965和40151 ± 3127。两组间骨折负荷和骨折失败循环次数无显著差异（p > 0.05）。这得到了有限元分析结果的支持，结果显示三组的临界应力值相似。意义：在广泛修复的前磨牙中，多声速灌流系统与常规RCT相比，具有相当的骨折负荷和耐久性，无论是否有纤维桩。

{"title":"Experimental investigation and finite element analysis on the durability of root-filled teeth treated with multisonic irrigation","authors":"Fei Lin , Ronald Ordinola-Zapata , Bonita VanHeel , Lu Zhang , Roy Lee , Zhou Ye , Haiping Xu , Alex S.L. Fok","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2024.12.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2024.12.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study compared the fracture load, stress distribution, and survival probability under cyclic loading of extensively restored teeth treated with multisonic irrigation with those treated with conventional instrumentation, with or without a post.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Mesial-occlusal-distal cavities were prepared in 30 human mandibular premolars. The teeth were randomly divided into 3 groups of 10 based on the endodontic and restorative procedures: (1) Root canal treatment (RCT) followed by resin composite restoration (control group), (2) RCT followed by a glass fiber post restoration (conventional group), and (3) minimal instrumentation plus multisonic irrigation followed by resin composite restoration (GW group). All groups were restored with full-coverage crowns. The samples were subjected to step-stress cyclic loading until fracture and then scanned using micro-CT to identify the fracture modes. FEA was conducted to evaluate the failure-causing stresses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean fracture loads for the control, conventional, and GW groups were 1700 ± 176 N, 1760 ± 97 N, and 1760 ± 70 N, respectively. The respective numbers of cycles to failure were 39461 ± 6634, 41261 ± 3965, and 40151 ± 3127. There was no significant difference in the fracture load or number of cycles to failure among the groups (p > 0.05). This was supported by the FEA results which showed similar critical stress values in the three groups.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>The multisonic irrigation system led to a comparable fracture load and durability in extensively restored premolars as conventional RCT with or without a fiber post.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"41 3","pages":"Pages 341-346"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142925882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Light-curing of restorative composite through milled and 3D-printed full-contour zirconia for adhesive luting 通过研磨和3d打印全轮廓氧化锆的光固化修复复合材料，用于胶粘剂。

IF 4.6 1区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Dental Materials

Pub Date : 2025-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.12.008

Wout Jacobs , Bernardo Camargo , Mohammed Ahmed , Evita Willems , Stevan M. Čokić , Fei Zhang , Jef Vleugels , Bart Van Meerbeek

Objectives

To evaluate the effect of different zirconia compositions and manufacturing processes on the light irradiance (LI), to measure the degree of conversion (DC) of solely light-curing restorative composite underneath these zirconia grades and to evaluate the respective zirconia microstructures.

Methods

Six dental zirconia grades (GC HT, GC UHT [GC]; Katana HT, Katana UTML [Kuraray Noritake]; Lava Esthetic, Lava Plus [3 M Oral Care]) were cut and sintered per manufacturer instructions. One 3D-printed zirconia grade (XJet [XJET]) was prepared according to previous research. Zirconia plates were ground to four thicknesses (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 3.0 mm). The LI through these zirconias was measured using light spectrometry using two light-curing units (Demi Plus [Kerr], Bluephase G4 [Ivoclar]). Restorative composite (Clearfil AP-X [Kuraray Noritake]) was light-cured through the zirconia plates and the DC was determined by micro-Raman spectrometry 5 min, 24 h and 1 w after light-curing. Statistical analysis of LI and DC data involved linear mixed-effects modelling and multi-way ANOVA. Microstructural analysis of zirconia was performed by scanning electron microscopy.

Results

Zirconia type and thickness, and LCU had a significant effect on LI (p < .0001). DC significantly increased over time (p < .0001) and was not influenced by curing-light attenuation if LI reached at least 40 mW/cm². Increased yttria content resulted in an increased zirconia grain size.

Significance

Despite significant light attenuation, DC of composite light-cured through zirconia at almost all thicknesses, approached DC measured without zirconia interposition for five out of seven zirconia grades. Additionally, the manufacturing process did not seem to influence LI or DC.

目的：评价不同氧化锆成分和制造工艺对光辐照度（LI）的影响，测量这些氧化锆等级下单光固化恢复性复合材料的转化度（DC），并评价各自的氧化锆微观结构。方法：六种牙用氧化锆等级(GC - HT、GC - UHT [GC]；武士刀HT，武士刀UTML [Kuraray Noritake]；Lava aesthetic, Lava Plus[3 M Oral Care])按照制造商的说明进行切割和烧结。根据前期研究，制备了一种3d打印氧化锆级（XJet [XJet]）。氧化锆板研磨成4种厚度（0.5、1.0、1.5、3.0 mm）。通过两个光固化单元（Demi Plus [Kerr], Bluephase G4 [Ivoclar]），使用光谱学测量了这些氧化锆中的LI。修复复合材料（Clearfil AP-X [Kuraray Noritake]）通过氧化锆板光固化，光固化后5 min， 24 h和1 w用微拉曼光谱测定DC。LI和DC数据的统计分析包括线性混合效应模型和多因素方差分析。用扫描电镜对氧化锆进行显微结构分析。结果：氧化锆类型、厚度和LCU对LI有显著影响（p ）。意义：尽管存在明显的光衰减，但通过氧化锆光固化的复合材料在几乎所有厚度下的DC都接近没有氧化锆介入的DC， 7个氧化锆等级中的5个。此外，制造过程似乎不影响LI或DC。

{"title":"Light-curing of restorative composite through milled and 3D-printed full-contour zirconia for adhesive luting","authors":"Wout Jacobs , Bernardo Camargo , Mohammed Ahmed , Evita Willems , Stevan M. Čokić , Fei Zhang , Jef Vleugels , Bart Van Meerbeek","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2024.12.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2024.12.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To evaluate the effect of different zirconia compositions and manufacturing processes on the light irradiance (LI), to measure the degree of conversion (DC) of solely light-curing restorative composite underneath these zirconia grades and to evaluate the respective zirconia microstructures.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Six dental zirconia grades (GC HT, GC UHT [GC]; Katana HT, Katana UTML [Kuraray Noritake]; Lava Esthetic, Lava Plus [3 M Oral Care]) were cut and sintered per manufacturer instructions. One 3D-printed zirconia grade (XJet [XJET]) was prepared according to previous research. Zirconia plates were ground to four thicknesses (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 3.0 mm). The LI through these zirconias was measured using light spectrometry using two light-curing units (Demi Plus [Kerr], Bluephase G4 [Ivoclar]). Restorative composite (Clearfil AP-X [Kuraray Noritake]) was light-cured through the zirconia plates and the DC was determined by micro-Raman spectrometry 5 min, 24 h and 1 w after light-curing. Statistical analysis of LI and DC data involved linear mixed-effects modelling and multi-way ANOVA. Microstructural analysis of zirconia was performed by scanning electron microscopy.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Zirconia type and thickness, and LCU had a significant effect on LI (p < .0001). DC significantly increased over time (p < .0001) and was not influenced by curing-light attenuation if LI reached at least 40 mW/cm². Increased yttria content resulted in an increased zirconia grain size.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>Despite significant light attenuation, DC of composite light-cured through zirconia at almost all thicknesses, approached DC measured without zirconia interposition for five out of seven zirconia grades. Additionally, the manufacturing process did not seem to influence LI or DC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"41 3","pages":"Pages 331-340"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142925891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Accurate assessment of the three-dimensional shrinkage stress evolution for photopolymerized dental filling materials: Mechano-chemo-thermo-coupled finite element modeling and experimental validation 光聚合牙科填充材料三维收缩应力演化的精确评估：力学-化学-热耦合有限元建模与实验验证。

IF 4.6 1区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Dental Materials

Pub Date : 2025-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.12.005

Kun Wang , Qingyue Peng , Jiaqi Yao , Zhengzhi Wang

Objective

Photopolymerized resin composites are widely used as dental filling materials. However, the shrinkage stress generated during photopolymerization can lead to marginal microcracks and eventual restoration failure. Accurate assessment of the stress evolution in dental restorations, particularly in complex cavity geometries, is critical for improving the performance and longevity of the dental filling materials. This study aims to develop a novel mechano-chemo-thermo-coupled finite element method (FEM) to accurately capture three-dimensional (3D) shrinkage stress of resin-based photopolymerized filling materials.

Methods

The FEM was established with consideration for the evolution of mechanical properties, thermal effects, and polymerization shrinkage during photopolymerization. Real-time material property evolution was derived from measurements of degree of conversion and temperature changes, and these were integrated into the FEM alongside thermal expansion/contraction effects. The FEM was parameterized through mechanical, chemical, and thermal experiments, then applied to simulate different photocuring protocols and boundary conditions. The accuracy of the predicted shrinkage stress was validated through three experiments: uniaxial shrinkage stress measurement, full-field optical measurement, and acoustic emission analysis using typical dimethacrylate-based dental filling materials.

Results

The coupled FEM model achieved predictive stress magnitudes in quantitative agreement with the experimental measurements (relative error ∼1 %), significantly improving upon existing methods (∼22.5 %). Furthermore, the FEM accurately predicted spatial debonding based on stress distribution, providing insights unattainable through current methods.

Significance

This experiment-modeling-combined study provides a valuable tool for accurately predicting the spatial and temporal evolution of the shrinkage stress in resin-based dental filling materials, thereby providing new insights for optimizing their clinical applications and enhancing durability.

目的：光聚合树脂复合材料是一种广泛应用于口腔填充的材料。然而，在光聚合过程中产生的收缩应力会导致边缘微裂纹和最终的修复失败。准确评估牙体修复体的应力演化，特别是在复杂的腔体几何结构中，对于提高牙体填充材料的性能和寿命至关重要。本研究旨在建立一种新的机械-化学-热耦合有限元方法，以准确捕获树脂基光聚合填充材料的三维收缩应力。方法：考虑光聚合过程中力学性能、热效应和聚合收缩的演变，建立有限元模型。通过测量转换度和温度变化得出实时材料性能演变，并将这些与热膨胀/收缩效应一起集成到FEM中。通过力学、化学和热实验对有限元进行参数化，模拟不同的光固化方案和边界条件。通过单轴收缩应力测量、全场光学测量和声发射分析三个实验，验证了预测收缩应力的准确性。结果：耦合FEM模型获得的预测应力值与实验测量值在定量上一致（相对误差~ 1 %），显著改善了现有方法（~ 22.5 %）。此外，基于应力分布的有限元准确预测了空间脱粘，提供了当前方法无法实现的见解。意义：本研究为准确预测树脂基牙科充填材料收缩应力的时空演变提供了有价值的工具，为优化树脂基牙科充填材料的临床应用和提高其耐久性提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

The preventive effect of silver diamine fluoride-modified salivary pellicle on dental erosion 二胺氟化银改性唾液胶粒对牙齿腐蚀的预防效果。

IF 4.6 1区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Dental Materials

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.10.014

Darren Dhananthat Chawhuaveang, Walter Yu Hang Lam, Chun Hung Chu, Ollie Yiru Yu

Objective

To investigate the preventive effect of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) modified salivary pellicle (SP) against dental erosion.

Methods

Enamel and dentin blocks allocated into 4 groups (n = 30 each). Blocks in Group SDF+SP were treated with SDF and SP. Blocks in Group SDF were treated with SDF. Blocks in Group DW+SP were treated with deionized water (DW) and SP. Blocks in Group DW were treated with DW. The blocks were subjected to an erosive challenge at pH 3.2 for 2 mins, 5 times per day for 14 days. Salivary pellicle morphology was assessed by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Crystal characteristics, percentage microhardness loss (%SMHL), surface loss, and surface morphology were assessed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), microhardness test, profilometry, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively.

Results

AFM revealed a modified pellicle morphology in Group SDF+SP. XRD of both blocks revealed hydroxyapatite, silver chloride, silver phosphate, and silver fluoride in Groups SDF+SP and SDF. Fluoroapatite was found in Group SDF+SP only. %SMHL ( ± Standard deviation in %) of Groups SDF+SP, SDF, DW+SP, and DW were 33.4 ± 2.2, 38.6 ± 2.2, 50.3 ± 2.2, and 58.3 ± 2.4 in enamel and 16.1 ± 2.2, 19.7 ± 2.1, 32.8 ± 2.1, and 39.0 ± 2.3 in dentin, respectively. The presence of SDF and SP reduced %SMHL in both blocks (p < 0.001). The surface loss ( ± Standard deviation in μm) of Groups SDF+SP, SDF, DW+SP, and DW were 3.6 ± 0.7, 4.1 ± 0.4, 5.3 ± 0.5, and 7.0 ± 0.6 in enamel and 5.4 ± 0.6, 6.1 ± 0.5, 9.1 ± 0.7, and 9.2 ± 0.5 in dentin, respectively. The presence of SDF and SP reduced surface loss in enamel and dentin blocks (p = 0.031 and p = 0.002, respectively). SEM showed enamel surface remained relatively smooth and partially dentinal tubule occlusion on dentin blocks in Groups SDF+SP and SDF.

Conclusion

SDF had a positively synergistic effect with SP. SDF-modified salivary pellicle provided a superior protective effect against dental erosion.

目的研究经二胺氟化银（SDF）修饰的唾液胶粒（SP）对牙齿腐蚀的预防效果：将釉质和牙本质块分为 4 组（每组 n = 30）。SDF+SP 组用 SDF 和 SP 处理牙块。SDF 组块用 SDF 处理。DW+SP 组块用去离子水（DW）和 SP 处理。DW 组块用 DW 处理。在 pH 值为 3.2 的条件下，对区块进行侵蚀性挑战，每次 2 分钟，每天 5 次，持续 14 天。用原子力显微镜（AFM）评估唾液颗粒形态。通过 X 射线衍射 (XRD)、显微硬度测试、轮廓仪和扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 分别评估了晶体特征、显微硬度损失百分比 (%SMHL)、表面损失和表面形态：原子力显微镜显示 SDF+SP 组中的胶粒形态发生了改变。两块材料的 XRD 显示，SDF+SP 组和 SDF 组均含有羟基磷灰石、氯化银、磷酸银和氟化银。只有 SDF+SP 组发现了氟磷灰石。SDF+SP组、SDF组、DW+SP组和DW组在釉质中的SMHL%（± 标准偏差，单位为%）分别为33.4 ± 2.2、38.6 ± 2.2、50.3 ± 2.2和58.3 ± 2.4，在牙本质中分别为16.1 ± 2.2、19.7 ± 2.1、32.8 ± 2.1和39.0 ± 2.3。SDF和SP的存在降低了两个区块的SMHL%（p 结论：SDF和SP具有正向协同作用：SDF 与 SP 具有积极的协同作用。经 SDF 改性的唾液胶粒对牙齿侵蚀具有卓越的保护作用。

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引用次数: 0

Microspheres of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth exhibit superior pulp regeneration capacity 来自人类脱落牙齿的干细胞微球表现出卓越的牙髓再生能力。

IF 4.6 1区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Dental Materials

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.10.015

Jianzhao Ding , Zheyi Sun , Liya Ma , Limeiting Wang , Zhenhui Liao , Lu Liang , Hefeng Yang , Rui Mao

Objectives

Engineering spheroids to create three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures has gained increasing attention in recent years due to their potential advantages over traditional two-dimensional (2D) tissue culture methods. Stem cells derived from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) demonstrate significant potential for pulpal regeneration applications. Nevertheless, the feasibility of microsphere formation of SHEDs and its impact on pulpal regeneration remain unclear.

Methods

In this study, SHEDs were isolated, identified, and cultured in ultra-low attachment six-well plates to produce SHED microspheres. The biological properties of SHED microspheres were compared to those of traditional 2D culture using live-dead staining, Alizarin red staining, Oil-red O staining, scratch experiments, Immunofluorescence, Transmission electron microscopy scan, Western blotting, RNA sequencing, and a nude mice subcutaneous transplantation model.

Results

We found SHED cells can form microspheres with a dense internal structure. SHED microspheres exhibited notable advantages over SHED cells in terms of biological properties, maintaining cell activity and enhancing cell differentiation, migration, and stemness in vitro. RNA-seq revealed that the SHED microspheres potentially influenced cell development, regulation of neurogenesis, skeletal system development, tissue morphogenesis singling pathway. In vivo, SHED microspheres promoted the generation of pulp tissue in dental pulp compared to traditional 2D culture.

Conclusions

Microsphereization of SHED through 3D cell culture enhances its pulp regeneration capacity, presenting a novel strategy for dental pulp regeneration and the clinical treatment of dental pulp diseases.

目的：与传统的二维（2D）组织培养方法相比，三维（3D）细胞培养球的潜在优势近年来日益受到关注。从人类脱落牙齿（SHEDs）中提取的干细胞在牙髓再生应用方面具有巨大潜力。然而，SHEDs微球形成的可行性及其对牙髓再生的影响仍不清楚：本研究分离、鉴定了SHEDs，并在超低附着力六孔板中培养SHED微球。通过活死细胞染色、茜素红染色、油红 O 染色、划痕实验、免疫荧光、透射电子显微镜扫描、Western 印迹、RNA 测序和裸鼠皮下移植模型，比较了 SHED 微球与传统二维培养的生物学特性：结果：我们发现 SHED 细胞能形成内部结构致密的微球。与 SHED 细胞相比，SHED 微球在生物特性方面具有明显优势，能在体外保持细胞活性并增强细胞分化、迁移和干性。RNA-seq显示，SHED微球对细胞发育、神经发生调控、骨骼系统发育、组织形态发生的单一通路具有潜在影响。在体内，与传统的二维培养相比，SHED微球促进了牙髓组织的生成：通过三维细胞培养将 SHED 微球化，增强了其牙髓再生能力，为牙髓再生和牙髓疾病的临床治疗提供了一种新策略。

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引用次数: 0

Mechanical performance of endocrown restorations in anterior teeth: A systematic review and network meta-analysis 前牙内冠修复体的机械性能：系统综述和网络荟萃分析。

IF 4.6 1区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Dental Materials

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.10.012

Julia Fehrenbach , Jéssica Lopes Soares de Soares , João Carlos Silva do Nascimento Foly , Leonardo Lamberti Miotti , Eliseu Aldrighi Münchow

Objectives

To conduct a systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) to answer whether endocrown restorations have similar mechanical behavior than other traditional core-crown systems with or without intracanal posts for the rehabilitation of anterior endodontically treated teeth.

Methods

The review followed the PRISMA Extension Statement for NMA. Studies were identified by a systematic search to select reports on endocrown restorations in anterior teeth. A search was performed in PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, SciELO, and LILACS databases. Articles evaluating mechanical performance through in vitro and finite element analysis (FEA) studies were selected and the risk of bias was assessed using the RoBDEMAT and ROBFEAD tools, respectively. The data were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively through NMA using the MetaInsight tool.

Results

Eleven articles were included (eight in vitro and three with FEA design). Six in vitro studies were evaluated using NMA. Composite resin endocrowns showed greater load-to-fracture and lower occurrence of catastrophic failures than traditional restorations. Combining glass fiber post with composite restoration also showed good strength behavior. Regarding FEA studies, two out of three studies showed a more homogeneous distribution of stress for the endocrown group.

Significance

Endocrowns performed similarly to or better than conventional restorative strategies, with composite resin being the most recommended material of choice. The rehabilitation of endodontically treated anterior teeth with extensive coronal destruction is typically challenging for the dentist, and there is still no consensus in the literature that provides conclusive answers for choosing the appropriate material and restorative strategy. Exploring new techniques and materials that make this procedure easier for the dentist and guarantee good results is paramount.

研究目的进行一项系统性综述和网络荟萃分析（NMA），以回答在牙髓治疗前牙的修复中，内冠修复体是否具有与其他带或不带根管内桩的传统核心冠系统相似的机械性能：综述遵循 NMA 的 PRISMA 扩展声明。通过系统性检索确定了有关前牙内冠修复的研究报告。在 PubMed (MEDLINE)、Scopus、Web of Science、Embase、SciELO 和 LILACS 数据库中进行了检索。筛选出通过体外研究和有限元分析（FEA）研究评估机械性能的文章，并分别使用 RoBDEMAT 和 ROBFEAD 工具评估偏倚风险。使用 MetaInsight 工具对数据进行了定性和定量分析：共纳入 11 篇文章（8 篇体外研究和 3 篇有限元分析设计）。使用 NMA 评估了六项体外研究。与传统修复体相比，复合树脂内冠显示出更大的载荷-断裂比和更低的灾难性失效发生率。玻璃纤维桩与复合树脂修复体的结合也显示出良好的强度表现。在有限元分析研究方面，三项研究中有两项显示内冠组的应力分布更均匀：内冠的性能与传统修复策略相似或更好，复合树脂是最推荐的选择材料。对牙科医生来说，修复经牙髓治疗后有广泛冠状面破坏的前牙通常具有挑战性，目前文献中仍未就选择合适的材料和修复策略达成共识。探索新技术和新材料，让牙医更轻松地完成这一过程，并保证良好的效果，这一点至关重要。

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引用次数: 0