Dental Materials最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of a long-term antimicrobial dental adhesive via in vitro biodegradation and in vivo rodent secondary caries models","authors":"Cameron A. Stewart ,&nbsp;Kimberly Ngai ,&nbsp;Zach Gouveia ,&nbsp;Sagar Rao ,&nbsp;Dua Abuquteish ,&nbsp;Andreas Mandelis ,&nbsp;Yoav Finer","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.08.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.08.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Bacterial-derived secondary caries is a primary cause of dental treatment failure at the artificial material-tissue interface. We previously developed ultra-long-term antimicrobial/antidegradative drug-silica particles (DSPs) to counter this interfacial failure. The aim of the current study was to evaluate a novel DSP-filled-adhesive system via <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> (rat) anti-secondary-caries studies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>DSPs were incorporated into commercial total-etch dental adhesive at 10 % wt. to make DSP-SBMP. Interfacial specimens of DSP-SBMP-dentin and control SBMP-dentin were incubated 0- or 6-months in simulated salivary esterase, and subsequently with <em>S. mutans/L. rhamnosus</em> co-culture. Interfacial biomarkers were assessed via confocal microscopy and micro-computed-tomography. DSP-SBMP and SBMP were used to restore teeth in 16 SD rats in a 7-week split-mouth secondary caries study followed by clinical and µCT caries analysis and organ histology to assess biocompatibility.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div><em>In vitro,</em> interfacial biofilm viability (-23.1 ± 4.3 %) and biomass (-19.2 ± 4.9) were reduced by DSP-SBMP, as was cavitated (-78.6 ± 13.8 %) and demineralized (-33.4 ± 8 %) volume (ANOVA, Tukey HSD, p &lt; 0.05). <em>In vivo</em> clinically observed primary and secondary caries counts were reduced on DSP-SBMP-restored teeth (χ² p &lt; 0.05). No significant toxic effects were observed.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>This comprehensive <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> antimicrobial/antidegradative analysis of a new dental biomaterial, accurately modeling the chemical and biological environment these materials must perform in, provided comprehensive understanding of potential material performance that strongly supports continued development and clinical evaluation. The clinical relevance of the <em>in vitro</em> model used in this study was validated by the <em>in vivo</em> animal model and could be used to assess new dental biomaterials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"41 12","pages":"Pages 1589-1599"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144937636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomodification of coronal bovine dentin with chitosan solutions associated with modified nano-hydroxyapatite and Biosilicate®","authors":"Isabela Barbosa Quero ,&nbsp;Pâmella Coelho Dias ,&nbsp;Francisco Wanderley Garcia de Paula e Silva ,&nbsp;Nilza Letícia Magalhães ,&nbsp;Juliana Jendiroba Faraoni ,&nbsp;Regina Guenka Palma – Dibb","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.08.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.08.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to test experimental chitosan-based solutions, with modified nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) and Biosilicate as mineral sources with and without L-Aspartic acid (L-Asp) as the polymer-induced liquid-precursor (PILP), on mineral deposition and activity and expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) on demineralized coronal bovine dentin and collagen fiber reinforcement.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Six chitosan-based experimental gel solutions were used as treatment: Sol1–2 % chitosan; Sol2–2 % chitosan+ 5.5 % n-HA; Sol3–2 % chitosan+ 0.02 % L-Asp+ 5.5 % n-HA; Sol4–2 % chitosan+ 1 % Biosilicate; Sol5–2 % chitosan+ 0.02 % L-Asp+ 1 % Biosilicate; Sol6–2 % chitosan+ 0.02 % L-Asp. Demineralized bovine dentin specimens and collagen fiber were treated for 5 min and immersed in artificial saliva for 14 days. Dentin fragments were analyzed to determine their chemical composition with Attenuated total reflectance - Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ART-FTIR) and to evaluate the activity and expression of two key gelatinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) with zymography and immunofluorescence. Dentin slices were used to assess dentin density by transmitted light microscopy. Collagen fiber was tested through microtensile test. Data analysis was performed by ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Samples treated with Sol1 and Sol3 showed more carbonate after demineralization; and Sol2 and Sol3 presented the highest values of collagen cross-link. The gelatinolytic activity of Sol2 and Sol3 showed statistically similar results to sound dentin (p &gt; 0.05). Sol1, 2, and 4 resulted in a higher mineral density. Sol2, 3, and 6 showed the highest values for tensile strength.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>Therefore, the treatment of demineralized dentin with modified nano-hydroxyapatite resulted in the reinforcement of collagen fiber, mineral deposition in dentin architecture, and the inhibitor of metalloproteinases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"41 12","pages":"Pages 1581-1588"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144937614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of directly printed aligner eluent on the viability and transcriptome of gingival fibroblasts","authors":"Ha-Young Kim ,&nbsp;Seok Bin Yang ,&nbsp;Eun-Young Jang ,&nbsp;Jae-Hyung Lee ,&nbsp;Kyu Hwan Kwack ,&nbsp;Hyo-Won Ahn ,&nbsp;Ji-Hoi Moon","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.08.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.08.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of directly-printed aligners (DPAs) by simulating sequential elution under oral conditions. The research also sought to identify leachable compounds and their potential effects on human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>DPAs were fabricated using a 3D printing system and cut into small pieces for immersion in artificial saliva. Sequential eluents were prepared through a series of elution cycles to simulate long-term exposure. HGFs were treated with these eluents to assess cytotoxicity via cell viability assays and microscopic observation. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed to analyze transcriptomic changes. Additionally, high-resolution liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (HR-LC/MS) was employed to identify chemical components in the eluents.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Treatment with sequential eluents resulted in a significant dose-dependent reduction in HGF viability, accompanied by morphological abnormalities such as cell clustering and shape distortion. Transcriptomic analysis revealed 3188 differentially expressed genes, with upregulated pathways associated with proteotoxic stress and downregulated pathways linked to transcriptional regulation. HR-LC/MS analysis identified caprolactam, phenylphosphonic acid, polyTHF oligomers, and decanamide as key eluate components.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>This study highlights the potential cytotoxic risks of leachable components from DPAs and emphasizes the importance of simulating real-world conditions when evaluating biocompatibility. Strategies such as post-processing through re-elution, boiling, or ultrasonic treatment may help mitigate these risks. Further <em>in-vivo</em> studies are needed to validate these findings and refine material formulations to enhance safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"41 12","pages":"Pages 1572-1580"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144937608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and characterization of nanofibrous scaffolds for guided periodontal regeneration using recycled mussel shell-derived nano-hydroxyapatite","authors":"Andressa da Silva Barboza ,&nbsp;Adriana Poli Castilho Dugaich ,&nbsp;Andressa Baptista Nörnberg ,&nbsp;Stephen Christina de Moraes ,&nbsp;Marcia Adriana Tomaz Santana ,&nbsp;Daiara Floriano da Silva ,&nbsp;Carlos Eduardo Maduro de Campos ,&nbsp;Rafael Guerra Lund ,&nbsp;Juliana Silva Ribeiro de Andrade","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.08.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.08.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to develop and characterize biodegradable nanofibrous scaffolds composed of poly(L-co-D,L-lactic acid) (PLDLA), nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) synthesized from recycled mussel shells, and nanoemulsified chlorhexidine (nCHX) for guided periodontal regeneration (GPR).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>nHA was synthesized from <em>Perna perna</em> mussel shells via wet chemical precipitation and characterized by SEM, FTIR, XRD, Raman, TGA, and zeta potential. Electrospun PLDLA/polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds were functionalized with nHA and/or nCHX. Six experimental groups were evaluated: G1 (PLDLA/PCL 60:40 control), G2 (PLDLA/PCL+1.0 %nHA), G3 (PLDLA/PCL+0.5 %nHA), G4 (PLDLA/PCL+1.0 %nHA+0.12 %nCHX), G5 (PLDLA/PCL+0.5 %nHA +0.12 %nCHX), and G6 (PLDLA/PCL+0.12 %nCHX). Scaffolds were evaluated for morphology, chemical composition, hydrophilicity, degradation, calcium release, antimicrobial activity (against <em>S. aureus, E. faecalis, S. mutans,</em> and <em>C. albicans</em>), cytocompatibility using SHED and HGF cells, and osteogenic potential via Alizarin Red S staining. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (p &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>nHA displayed a nanostructured, porous morphology, with confirmed phase transformation from CaCO₃ to hydroxyapatite. Scaffolds exhibited uniform, interconnected nanofibers (∼600 nm), hydrophilic surfaces (40–60° contact angle), and moderate roughness (Ra 0.5–1.2 µm). nHA significantly enhanced osteogenic differentiation, with a 2-fold increase in mineral deposition (p &lt; 0.05). nCHX-loaded scaffolds showed strong antimicrobial activity (16–20 mm inhibition zones; 3-log bacterial reduction) and retained &gt; 80 % cell viability. Degradation reached ∼20 % over 21 days.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>This study presents an eco-friendly approach to develop multifunctional nanofibrous scaffolds using marine waste as a sustainable source of bioactive hydroxyapatite. The combination of biodegradable polymers, biogenic nHA, and nanoemulsified CHX resulted in scaffolds that integrate biocompatibility, antimicrobial protection, and osteoinductive activity. These findings highlight the potential of green nanomaterials in periodontal tissue engineering and provide a promising alternative to current regenerative therapies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"41 12","pages":"Pages 1556-1571"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144937596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring antimicrobial soda-lime glasses as glaze alternatives for 4Y-PSZ","authors":"Camila da Silva Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Ana Carolina da Silva ,&nbsp;Evelyn Luzia de Souza Santos ,&nbsp;Clarice Ferreira Sabino ,&nbsp;Rita Adriana Souza da Silva de Assis ,&nbsp;Juliana Campos Junqueira ,&nbsp;Tiago Moreira Bastos Campos ,&nbsp;Renata Marques de Melo","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.08.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.08.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the mechanical, optical, and antimicrobial effects of two experimental soda-lime glass coatings on 4Y-PSZ comparing it to a commercial glaze.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Experimental soda-lime (SL) and silver-containing soda-lime (Ag) glasses were developed. Disc-shaped 4Y-PSZ ceramic (Katana STML) specimens were prepared and divided according to the coating material: SL, Ag, or commercial glaze (G, Cerabien Zr). The experimental glass powders mixed with propylene glycol or glaze paste were applied and fused onto zirconia discs. Specimens underwent roughness (Ra, Rz), translucency (TP₀₀), biaxial flexural strength, and x-ray diffraction analyses. Coated and fractured surfaces were evaluated in scanning electron microscope. Colony forming units (CFU) of <em>Candida albicans</em>, <em>Streptococcus sanguinis</em>, and <em>Streptococcus mutans</em> analyses were performed with initial and 6-month water-aged specimens. Statistical analysis was performed with Weibull statistics, Kruskal-Wallis, or ANOVA tests.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Ra, Rz, TP₀₀, flexural, and characteristic strengths were similar among all groups. Weibull modulus of SL was higher than Ag. SL and Ag specimens failed from bulk zirconia defects while G fractures originated at the glaze-zirconia interface. SL and Ag microstructure shows oriented crystalline phase. Surface coating did not affect <em>C. albicans</em> CFU. However, SL showed less hyphal form. SL decreased CFU of S. sanguinis and S. mutans at both initial and aged analysis, while Ag reduced these microorganisms only after aging.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>SL and Ag experimental glasses provided antimicrobial effect without harming flexural strength, translucency, or roughness of 4Y-PSZ as compared to commercial glaze. SL revealed both initial and long-term antimicrobial effect and avoided <em>C. albicans</em> hypha formation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"41 12","pages":"Pages 1535-1546"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144937649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Marginal integrity produced by quaternary ammonium methacrylate-based dental adhesive tested under physiologically relevant models","authors":"Fernanda de Lucena,&nbsp;Peter Nguyen,&nbsp;Tiana Pham,&nbsp;Samuel Weber,&nbsp;Matthew Logan,&nbsp;Steven Lewis,&nbsp;Carmem Pfeifer","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.08.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.08.013","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Objectives&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Endogenous metalloproteinases (MMPs) lead to dentin collagen degradation when exposed to demineralizing events, such as during the cariogenic process. Quaternary ammonium compounds are known to be antibacterial, and there is also evidence for their action as a MMP inhibitor. The aim of this study was to evaluate a quaternary ammonium-based methacrylate (dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate – DMAHDM, QAM) as an experimental adhesive, tested for bond stability and gap formation under physiologically-relevant conditions using a bioreactor system.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Materials and methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The inhibition of MMP activity was assessed using a fluorescence-based assay, in the presence of serial concentrations of chlorhexidine (CHX) or QAM (n = 3). Shear storage modulus (G′) was measured on demineralized dentin slices before and after incubation into the inhibitor’s solutions, using a rheometer (n = 5). Collagen solubilization was quantified through hydroxyproline assay, using powdered dentin obtained from extracted human third molars (n = 6). Adhesives were formulated with BisGMA/HEMA, added of either 2 % CHX or 10 % QAM, and the degree of conversion was evaluated by near-IR (n = 6). Microtensile bond strength (μTBS) was assessed on restored dentin beams after storage in dH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O or bacterial challenge (n = 6). Biofilm growth and viability were tested on adhesive disks exposed to &lt;em&gt;Streptococcus mutans&lt;/em&gt;, with biofilm growth, viability and morphology assessed through optical density, luminescence, and crystal violet staining, respectively (n = 6). Restorative procedures of simulated dental preparations involved etching, adhesive application, and composite restoration in standardized cavities, followed by biofilm challenge tests in an incubator or in a modified bioreactor system (n = 5). Epoxy replicas of the samples were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy for gap measurements and confocal laser scanning microscopy (n = 5).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Dentin disks treated with either 2 % CHX or 10 % QAM exhibited a significant increase in shear storage modulus after 72 h (p = 0.005 and p = 0.007, respectively), indicating enhanced mechanical stability. The hydroxyproline assay demonstrated that both CHX and QAM effectively reduced collagen degradation, with QAM showing superior inhibition (p = 0.02). In terms of the degree of conversion, the QAM adhesive achieved significantly higher values compared to the control and CHX groups (p = &lt;.001). Biological assays showed that QAM markedly inhibited planktonic bacterial growth (p = &lt;.001), biofilm biomass (p = &lt;.001), and biofilm viability (p = &lt;.001), outperforming CHX. In the S. mutans biofilm challenge model, both 2 % CHX and 10 % QAM groups showed a significant increase in perimeter gap length, PGL (p = &lt;.001 and p = 0.039, respectively) and occlusal gap width, OGW (p = &lt;.001 for both) from initial to final measurements, al","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"41 12","pages":"Pages 1521-1534"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144937392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomechanical influence of residual lateral wall thickness and resin reinforcement on the performance of endocrowns in premolars","authors":"Ziting Zheng ,&nbsp;Wenhui Li ,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Yan ,&nbsp;Wei Zhong ,&nbsp;Yuting Zeng ,&nbsp;Ping Xiao ,&nbsp;Jiayao Mo ,&nbsp;Wenjuan Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.08.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.08.008","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Restoring endodontically treated premolars (ETPMs) with mesio-occluso-distal (MOD) cavities poses clinical challenges due to reduced coronal thickness and heightened fracture risk. Despite advances in adhesive dentistry, the biomechanical effects of residual lateral wall (RLW) thickness and composite resin reinforcement on the performance of ceramic endocrowns in ETPMs remain underdefined. This study aims to evaluate how RLW thickness and resin reinforcement influence fracture resistance, stress distribution, and failure modes in ETPMs restored with ceramic endocrowns.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Forty-two human maxillary premolars underwent endodontic treatment and MOD cavity preparation, followed by randomization into 2 groups. Group A (control) included teeth preserved at specific RLW thicknesses of 2.5 mm, 2.0 mm, 1.5 mm, and 1.0 mm. Group B (test) comprised specimens with an initial 1.0 mm RLW, which were reinforced with 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, and 1.5 mm composite resin to form subgroups B-1.5, B-2.0, and B-2.5 (corresponding to total RLW thicknesses of 1.5 mm, 2.0 mm, and 2.5 mm, respectively). All specimens were restored with CAD/CAM ceramic endocrowns, subjected to thermocycling, and underwent load-to-failure testing. Fractographic analysis was performed on fractured specimens to characterize failure modes. 3D FEA was conducted to evaluate stress distribution and tooth deformation under occlusal loading, while Weibull analysis was incorporated with FEA data to predict long-term failure probabilities. Data were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA with Tukey post hoc tests (α = 0.05).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;In Group A, fracture load varied significantly with RLW thickness (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.05), with 2.5 mm RLWs showing the highest resistance and 1.0 mm the lowest. FEA confirmed that Group A-1.0 mm displayed the most pronounced stress concentration and the highest failure probability. Among subgroups with equivalent total wall thickness across Groups A and B, Group B showed higher fracture loads than Group A (except Group B-2.5 mm), though no statistical significance (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &gt; 0.05); stress values and distribution patterns were comparable between corresponding subgroups. Within Group B, subgroup B-2.0 displayed the highest fracture resistance, followed by B-1.5, while B-2.5 was 24 % lower than B-2.0 mm. Notably, Group B-2.5 mm exhibited the highest maximum principal stress. Failure mode analysis indicated that Type III failure was predominant across most experimental groups. Fractographic analysis showed that specimens in Group B had a greater number of cracks in the tooth tissue above the cementoenamel junction, particularly adjacent to the composite resin, compared to Group A.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;RLW thickness influences endocrown fracture resistance and stress distribution in ETPMs. Composite reinforcement effectively enhances the biomechanical performance for thin RLWs.","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"41 12","pages":"Pages 1500-1507"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144937629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human gingival fibroblast responses to additively and subtractively manufactured zirconia: An in vitro study","authors":"Yun Ma ,&nbsp;Yan-di Xie ,&nbsp;Zi-yi Chen ,&nbsp;Chang-yuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Hao Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.08.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.08.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the biological responses of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) to zirconia fabricated via three additive manufacturing (AM) technologies - stereolithography (SLA), digital light processing (DLP), and material jetting (MJ) - with horizontal (0°) and vertical (90°) build orientations, in comparison with conventional subtractive manufacturing (SM).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Square zirconia specimens (8 × 8 × 0.8 mm) were fabricated using SLA, DLP, and MJ (0° and 90° orientations), and SM. Surface properties were characterized via field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), water contact angle (WCA) measurements, and protein adsorption assays. HGF responses, including cell cytotoxicity, viability, proliferation, morphology, adhesion, and migration, were evaluated. The differences in gene expression profiles of HGFs on MJ90, DLP90, and SM surfaces were investigated using RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All AM-fabricated zirconia demonstrated excellent biocompatibility. Vertically oriented MJ90 and DLP90 surfaces displayed anisotropic textures characterized by lamellae or parallel bands, which guided HGF alignment along a uniform axis. HGFs on MJ90 surfaces demonstrated the fastest directional migration (91.60 ± 1.19 % at 12 h), followed by DLP90 (78.52 ± 2.86 % at 12 h), and exhibited the highest cell adhesion density (386.11 ± 18.01 cells/field at 24 h) (P &lt; 0.05). RNA-Seq analysis revealed upregulation of soft-tissue-related genes in MJ90 and DLP90 compared to SM control, with MJ90 demonstrating a greater number of differentially expressed genes than DLP90.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>AM technologies, particularly MJ and DLP with vertical orientations, generate anisotropic surfaces that enhance HGF alignment, adhesion, and migration. These findings highlight the potential of AM-fabricated zirconia to improve soft-tissue integration in dental prostheses, offering superior outcomes compared to conventional SM techniques.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"41 12","pages":"Pages 1508-1520"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144937447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do bioactive restoratives prevent demineralization of adjacent proximal enamel? a laboratory study","authors":"Aybuke Uslu Tekce ,&nbsp;Ece Meral ,&nbsp;Buse Uygunoz ,&nbsp;Filiz Yalcin Cakir","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.08.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.08.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>AIM</h3><div>The aim of this laboratory study was to evaluate the preventive effect of various bioactive restorative materials on proximal enamel surfaces adjacent to approximal restorations under erosive conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Sixty sound human proximal enamel specimens were prepared and randomly assigned to four groups (n = 15). Each specimen was placed adjacent to an approximal restoration prepared using one of the following materials: Cention Forte (Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Liechtenstein), Equia Forte HT (GC Europe, Belgium), Beautifil II (Shofu, Japan), and Filtek Z550 (3 M ESPE, USA) as the control. All specimens were subjected to an erosive challenge by immersion in Coca-Cola for 15 min, three times daily for seven consecutive days. Surface roughness (Ra) and microhardness (VHN) values were measured at baseline and after the erosive challenge using a contact profilometer and a Vickers microhardness tester, respectively. Representative specimens (n = 3 per group) were imaged using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to visualize surface changes, and were further analyzed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) to determine elemental composition (F, Ca, P). Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test (α = 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Surface roughness increased significantly in all groups after the erosive challenge, with Cention Forte and Equia Forte HT exhibiting significantly lower roughness values than Filtek Z550 (p &lt; 0.05). A significant reduction in microhardness was observed in all groups except for Equia Forte HT when compared to baseline (p &lt; 0.05). Specimens adjacent to the resin composite showed a greater decrease in microhardness compared to those in contact with Equia Forte HT and Cention Forte (p &lt; 0.05). EDS analysis revealed no statistically significant differences in elemental composition among the groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Compared to resin composite, bioactive materials such as Equia Forte HT and Cention Forte demonstrated greater potential in preserving the integrity of proximal enamel adjacent to approximal restorations under erosive conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"41 12","pages":"Pages 1491-1499"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144937673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reimagining bonding interfaces: UV photofunctionalization, a novel physicochemical approach, unlocks titanium and cement adhesive potential","authors":"Keiji Komatsu ,&nbsp;Toshikatsu Suzumura ,&nbsp;Eri Komatsu ,&nbsp;Takanori Matsuura ,&nbsp;Rune Shibata ,&nbsp;Yukako Kusunoki ,&nbsp;Justin Choi ,&nbsp;Takahiro Ogawa","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Mechanical roughening and chemical priming are conventional techniques to improve material bonding, but they come with inherent limitations. This study aimed to investigate a novel physicochemical approach—UV photofunctionalization—to enhance bonding performance between titanium and glass ionomer cement.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Shear bond strength tests were conducted using Grade 4 commercially pure titanium and a resin-modified glass ionomer cement. Both smooth, machined titanium surfaces and gritblast-roughened surfaces were evaluated, with and without 1-min UV photofunctionalization.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>UV photofunctionalization reduced the surface carbon content of titanium from over 35 % to 20 % and transformed the surface wettability from hydrophobic to hydrophilic. This physicochemical alteration significantly enhanced bonding properties. On machined surfaces, UV treatment increased yield strength and elastic modulus by up to 4-fold, and interfacial energy by over 9-fold. The effect of UV treatment was comparable to, and in some aspects exceeded, the effect of grit-blasting. When UV photofunctionalization was applied to grit-blasted surfaces, further improvements were observed—yield strength and elastic modulus increased by 2-fold, and interfacial energy by approximately 3-fold. The synergistic application of both surface roughening and UV photofunctionalization resulted in a 7-fold increase in yield strength and up to a 19-fold increase in interfacial energy compared to the untreated machined surface. Post-shear analyses revealed significant cement remnants on the UV-treated titanium, indicating that actual interfacial bonding may have been even stronger than the measured values suggest.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>UV photofunctionalization for a minute provides a powerful, non-invasive physicochemical surface modification method that significantly improves the bonding between titanium and resin-modified glass ionomer cement without altering surface morphology. This strategy represents a paradigm shift in resin-modified glass ionomer cement-titanium adhesion by enhancing interfacial compatibility and energy, offering a promising alternative to traditional mechanical or chemical surface modification techniques.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"41 11","pages":"Pages 1478-1488"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144937407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}