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Proceedings of the 5th Electronics System-integration Technology Conference (ESTC)最新文献

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Impact of RDL polymer on reliability of flip chip interconnects in thermal cycling — Correlation of experiments with finite element simulations 热循环中RDL聚合物对倒装芯片互连可靠性的影响——实验与有限元模拟的相关性
Pub Date : 2014-11-24 DOI: 10.1109/ESTC.2014.6962750
M. Muller, M. Wohrmann, O. Wittler, V. Bader, M. Topper, K. Lang
For WLP (Wafer Level Packaging) thin film polymers play a key role in respect to board level reliability. This paper introduces a reliability indicator giving a tendency of the polymer material to crack initiation around the UBM pad. This indicator derived from Finite Element simulated maximum stress in polymer layer and the material specific tensile strength. Comparing the simulation results with the experimental data we see the same impact of the mechanical material properties on the reliability. This proves the described reliability indicator as suitable for estimating thermal cycle reliability of RDL polymer materials gives application engineers and manufacturers a new tool for selecting the most suitable RDL material for e.g. flip chip and WLP applications.
对于WLP(晶圆级封装),薄膜聚合物在板级可靠性方面起着关键作用。本文介绍了一种可靠性指标,该指标反映了聚合物材料在UBM垫块周围起裂的趋势。该指标来源于有限元模拟聚合物层的最大应力和材料的比抗拉强度。将仿真结果与实验数据进行比较,发现材料力学性能对可靠性的影响是相同的。这证明了所描述的可靠性指标适用于估计RDL聚合物材料的热循环可靠性,为应用工程师和制造商选择最合适的RDL材料提供了新的工具,例如倒装芯片和WLP应用。
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引用次数: 2
Porous silicon electrodes for high performance integrated supercapacitors 用于高性能集成超级电容器的多孔硅电极
Pub Date : 2014-11-24 DOI: 10.1109/ESTC.2014.6962717
K. Grigoras, J. Keskinen, J. Ahopelto, M. Prunnila
We demonstrate high performance porous Si based supercapacitor electrodes that can be utilized in integrated micro supercapacitors. The key enabler here is ultra-thin TiN coating of the porous Si matrix leading to high power and stability. The TiN layer is deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD), which provides sufficient conformality to reach the bottom of the high aspect ratio pores. Our porous Si supercapacitor devices exhibit almost ideal double layer capacitor characteristic with electrode volumetric capacitance of 7.3 F/cm. Several orders of magnitude increase in power and energy density is obtained comparing to uncoated porous silicon electrodes. Good stability of devices is confirmed performing over 5 000 charge/discharge cycles.
我们展示了可用于集成微型超级电容器的高性能多孔硅基超级电容器电极。这里的关键促成因素是多孔Si基体的超薄TiN涂层,从而实现高功率和稳定性。采用原子层沉积法(ALD)沉积TiN层,提供了足够的共度以到达高纵横比孔的底部。我们的多孔硅超级电容器器件具有几乎理想的双层电容器特性,电极体积电容为7.3 F/cm。与未涂覆的多孔硅电极相比,功率和能量密度增加了几个数量级。在超过5000次的充放电循环中,设备具有良好的稳定性。
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引用次数: 4
Prediction of mechanical properties on zinc system alloys and their application to high temperature lead-free solder 锌系合金力学性能预测及其在高温无铅焊料中的应用
Pub Date : 2014-11-24 DOI: 10.1109/ESTC.2014.6962830
Zhefeng Xu, K. Matsugi, Yongbum Choi, Keigo Terada, K. Suetsugu
The effectiveness of the electronic parameter was evaluated in order to predict the mechanical properties of zinc system alloys for high temperature application. Firstly, the relation of ultimate tensile strength or elongation and s-orbital energy level (Δ Mk) of already reported Zn system multicomponent alloys were investigated. According to this relation, the lead-free Zn-Al-Sn system alloys have been proposed in order to satisfy both the tensile strength of 200 MPa and elongation of 5 %. Promising compositions of alloys were Zn-4Al-7Sn, Zn-10Al-0.5Sn and Zn-10Al-2Sn in mass % and their Δ Mk values were 0.079, 0.080 and 0.089, respectively. Proposed alloys showed tensile strength of 195-225 MPa depending on increment of Δ Mk values, and elongation of 4.5-5.1 %. The optimization of compositions on Zn alloys was found to be speedy and precisely achieved using the Δ Mk parameter. The proposed alloys also showed liquidus temperatures of 645-700K, indicating that the high temperature lead-free solders can be applied for power semiconductor devices packages, etc. In addition, the contact angles between Cu plate and the proposed alloys Zn-4Al-7Sn, Zn-10Al-0.5Sn and Zn-10Al-2Sn at 973 K in the Ar stream are 33.8°, 73.5°and 50.1°, respectively.
为了预测锌系合金的高温力学性能,评价了电子参数的有效性。首先,研究了已有报道的Zn系多组分合金的极限抗拉强度或伸长率与s轨道能级(Δ Mk)的关系。根据这一关系,提出了能同时满足200 MPa抗拉强度和5%伸长率的无铅Zn-Al-Sn系合金。优选的合金成分为Zn-4Al-7Sn、Zn-10Al-0.5Sn和Zn-10Al-2Sn,其Δ Mk值分别为0.079、0.080和0.089。该合金的抗拉强度为195 ~ 225 MPa,随Δ Mk值的增加而变化,伸长率为4.5 ~ 5.1%。利用Δ Mk参数可以快速、准确地优化Zn合金的成分。该合金的液相温度为645 ~ 700k,表明该高温无铅焊料可应用于功率半导体器件封装等。在973 K时,Cu板与合金Zn-4Al-7Sn、Zn-10Al-0.5Sn和Zn-10Al-2Sn的接触角分别为33.8°、73.5°和50.1°。
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引用次数: 0
Characterization of a hermetic silicon box fitted in a cardiac lead in order to measure the endocardial acceleration signal 用于测量心内膜加速信号的密封硅盒的特性
Pub Date : 2014-11-24 DOI: 10.1109/ESTC.2014.6962738
J. Souriau, L. Castagné, G. Parat, P. Nicolas, P. Charvet, G. Simon, Karima Amara, Philippe D'hiver, B. Boutaud, R. Dal Molin
Progressive cardiac diseases due to population aging lead to stimulate research and innovation. Moreover, recent development in the miniaturization of microsystem offers a tremendous opportunity for medical implantable application. This paper introduces a new technology that integrates a Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) accelerometer and an Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) inside a hermetic silicon box that could be embedded in a cardiac lead in order to monitor the endocardial acceleration signal. The electronic components are attached on a wafer silicon interposer and encapsulated in a wafer silicon lid which is bonded using eutectic AuSi. The originality of the approach consists in using an interposer and a lid, both made of conductive doped silicon, to connect the device. The process is performed at the wafer level. The silicon box is finally connected to the electrical generator outside the heart thanks to two conductor wires. A prototype is described in this paper. The gas content and hermeticity of the package were analyzed using different techniques such as Residual Gas Analysis (RGA) and Helium or Krypton 85 testing. An estimate of the leak rate, which is assessed based on the formation of water droplet condensation in our package after 20 years, was evaluated.
人口老龄化导致的进行性心脏病刺激了研究和创新。此外,近年来微系统小型化的发展为医疗植入式应用提供了巨大的机会。本文介绍了一种将微机电系统(MEMS)加速度计和专用集成电路(ASIC)集成在一个密封硅盒内的新技术,该硅盒可以嵌入心脏导联中,以监测心内膜加速信号。所述电子元件连接在晶圆硅中间层上并封装在晶圆硅盖中,该晶圆硅盖使用共晶AuSi粘合。该方法的独创性在于使用由导电掺杂硅制成的中间层和盖子来连接设备。该过程在晶圆级执行。硅盒子最终通过两根导线与心脏外的发电机相连。本文描述了一个原型。使用不同的技术,如残余气体分析(RGA)和氦或氪85测试,分析了包装的气体含量和密封性。对泄漏率的估计进行了评估,这是根据20年后我们的包装中水滴凝结的形成进行评估的。
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引用次数: 1
Performance of passive RFID tags in a high temperature cycling test 无源RFID标签在高温循环测试中的性能
Pub Date : 2014-11-24 DOI: 10.1109/ESTC.2014.6962848
S. Lahokallio, J. Kiilunen, L. Frisk
Radio frequency identification (RFID) tags are typically used for object identification in environments in which they are not exposed to very harsh conditions. However, there is an increasing demand for inexpensive RFID tags for use in harsh industrial environments, but the adequate performance of the materials used in them needs to be verified in such conditions. This paper reports the reliability of passive RFID tags studied in a high temperature cycling test combined with water immersion. According to the threshold power measurements taken in between the test periods, the RFID tags were able to withstand high temperature cycling. However, cycling testing combined with frequent water immersion impaired their reliability, leading mostly to intermittent failures.
射频识别(RFID)标签通常用于在不暴露于非常恶劣条件的环境中进行对象识别。然而,在恶劣的工业环境中使用的廉价RFID标签的需求越来越大,但其中使用的材料的适当性能需要在这种条件下进行验证。本文报道了无源RFID标签在高温循环试验中与水浸泡相结合的可靠性研究。根据测试期间的阈值功率测量,RFID标签能够承受高温循环。然而,循环测试加上频繁的水浸会降低其可靠性,导致间歇性故障。
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引用次数: 7
Challenges of super high thermal performance adhesive in power device application 超高热工性能胶粘剂在电力器件应用中的挑战
Pub Date : 2014-11-24 DOI: 10.1109/ESTC.2014.6962801
Tan Wei Hing, Paing Samsun, W. Teng
In power device package development, super high thermal performance adhesive either solder or polymeric adhesive are highly desired for better thermal resistance and RDSON. High thermal polymeric adhesive consists of high silver loading, unique thermoset resin, and solvent. Solvent evaporates during oven curing, silver flakes will be compacted to generate high thermal and electrical conductivity. Thermal and electrical properties increase directly with degree of compactness. This paper reveals 23.5W/K.m adhesive, applying average thin bondline, minimize creation of voids, good interfacial adhesion are essential to meet TO and SOIC package thermal resistance. Furthermore, proper selection of leadframe finishing is essential to prevent package delamination and also improves package thermal resistance by 12%. Working principle of high thermal adhesive increases the challenges of processability. Solvent raises the concern of voids, high silver loading increases the risk of dispensability and reliability test, lower basic resin content may reduce the adhesion strength. Solvent is added in to improve dispensability, however solvent evaporation in oven may causing channeling voids. Thus, optimizing curing profile by isothermal TGA is essential to ensure curability and elastic modulus properties are maintained. Isothermal TGA shows that higher hold temperature and longer hold time is needed to drive out all the solvent before the adhesive is fully cured. Staging time (open time) is another crucial control to minimize void formation. Two types of staging time, which are duration between epoxy dispensing to die attach & duration between die attach to curing control are established to ensure good dispensability, glue coverage, void formation and die shear strength. Higher filler loading in adhesive increases the probability of needle clogging, `missing dot' and inconsistency of dispensing. Thus resulting insufficient glue coverage, voids and high yield loss. Proper selection of nozzle size improves `missing dot' and dispensing consistency. The internal design of shower head is important factor to improve dispensability. Shower head dispensing and writing methodology are studies, result reveals that writing method on high filler loading adhesive give comparable result with shower head dispensing method. Despites the challenges of die bond process on high filler loading adhesives, high thermal adhesive has its advantage to achieve thicker bond line thickness due to high silver loading. This enhances reliability performance and process yield.
在功率器件封装开发中,需要超高热性能的焊料或聚合物粘合剂,以获得更好的耐热性和RDSON。高热聚合胶由高银负载、独特的热固性树脂和溶剂组成。在烘箱固化过程中溶剂蒸发,银片将被压实以产生高导热性和导电性。热学和电学性能直接随着致密程度的增加而增加。本文显示23.5W/K。m粘合剂,应用平均薄粘合线,最大限度地减少空隙的产生,良好的界面附着力是满足to和SOIC封装热阻的必要条件。此外,正确选择引线框精加工对于防止封装分层和提高封装热阻12%至关重要。高热胶粘剂的工作原理增加了可加工性的挑战。溶剂增加了对空隙的担忧,高银含量增加了可有可无性和可靠性试验的风险,较低的基础树脂含量可能会降低粘接强度。加入溶剂是为了提高可吸附性,但溶剂在烘箱中的蒸发可能会造成通道空洞。因此,通过等温热重热法优化固化轮廓对于确保固化性能和弹性模量的保持至关重要。等温热重分析表明,在胶粘剂完全固化前,需要较高的保温温度和较长的保温时间才能将溶剂全部排出。分段时间(开启时间)是减少空隙形成的另一个关键控制。为保证良好的可配性、涂胶覆盖率、空隙形成和模具抗剪强度,建立了环氧点胶至贴模时间和贴模至固化控制时间两种分级时间。胶粘剂中较高的填充量增加了针堵塞、“缺点”和点胶不一致的可能性。从而造成胶水覆盖不足,空隙大,收率损失大。适当选择喷嘴尺寸可改善“缺点”和点胶一致性。淋浴喷头的内部设计是提高可用性的重要因素。研究了喷头点胶和书写方法,结果表明,高填充量胶粘剂的书写方法与喷头点胶方法具有相当的效果。尽管高填充量胶黏剂在模粘接工艺上存在挑战,但由于高银填充量,高热胶在实现较厚的粘接线厚度方面具有优势。这提高了可靠性性能和工艺良率。
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引用次数: 1
BioMEMS meets lab-on-a-chip: Heterogeneous integration of silicon MEMS and NEMS in polymer microfluidics 生物机械系统满足芯片上的实验室:硅MEMS和NEMS在聚合物微流体中的异质集成
Pub Date : 2014-11-24 DOI: 10.1109/ESTC.2014.6962736
E. Andreassen, M. Mielnik
We present a new heterogeneous integration method which enables direct incorporation of silicon-based microfluidic components in an injection-moulded polymer lab-on-a-chip (LOC). The integration is performed as part of the injection moulding process, forming direct fluidic junctions between the polymer and the silicon chip while embedding the silicon chip in the polymer chip. We have demonstrated that such fluidic junctions can withstand at least 3 bars of liquid pressure. With this integration method, the fluidic interface between the silicon chip and the polymer chip can be made compact and free of dead-volume. The method opens for mass fabrication of highly functional, heterogeneous LOC systems containing MEMS and NEMS components such as biosensors and actuators integrated in the polymer chip.
我们提出了一种新的异质集成方法,该方法可以将硅基微流控元件直接集成到注射成型的聚合物芯片实验室(LOC)中。集成是作为注射成型过程的一部分进行的,在聚合物和硅芯片之间形成直接流体连接,同时将硅芯片嵌入聚合物芯片中。我们已经证明,这种流体结可以承受至少3巴的液体压力。采用这种集成方法,可以使硅片与聚合物片之间的流体界面紧凑,无死体积。该方法为大规模制造高功能、异构的LOC系统打开了大门,该系统包含MEMS和NEMS组件,如集成在聚合物芯片中的生物传感器和致动器。
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引用次数: 1
Carbon nanotube/solder hybrid structure for interconnect applications 用于互连应用的碳纳米管/焊料混合结构
Pub Date : 2014-11-24 DOI: 10.1109/ESTC.2014.6962751
D. Jiang, Shuangxi Sun, W. Mu, Yifeng Fu, Johan Liu
A carbon nanotube (CNT)/Solder hybrid bump structure is proposed in this work in order to overcome the drawbacks of high CNT resistivity while retaining the advantages of CNTs in terms of interconnect reliability. Lithographically defined hollow CNT moulds are grown by thermal chemical vapor deposition (TCVD). The space inside the CNT moulds is filled up with Sn-Au-Cu (SAC) solder spheres of around 10 μm in diameter. This CNT/Solder hybrid material is then reflowed and transferred onto target indium coated substrate. The reflow melts the small solder spheres into large single solder balls thus forming a hybrid interconnect bump together with the surrounding densified CNT walls, which the CNT and the solder serve as resistors in parallel. The electrical resistance of such a CNT/Solder structure is measured to be around 6 folds lower than pure CNT bumps.
为了克服碳纳米管(CNT)电阻率高的缺点,同时保留碳纳米管在互连可靠性方面的优势,本工作提出了一种碳纳米管/焊料混合凹凸结构。光刻定义的空心碳纳米管模具是通过热化学气相沉积(TCVD)生长的。碳纳米管模具内部的空间填充了直径约10 μm的Sn-Au-Cu (SAC)焊料球。然后将这种碳纳米管/焊料混合材料回流并转移到目标铟涂层基板上。回流将小的焊料球熔化成大的单个焊料球,从而与周围致密的碳纳米管壁形成混合互连凸点,碳纳米管和焊料作为并联电阻。这种碳纳米管/焊料结构的电阻被测量为比纯碳纳米管凸起低6倍左右。
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引用次数: 0
Development of a robust, ceramic MEMS-package for hermetically sealed and highly shock-resistant SMD-devices 开发一种坚固的陶瓷mems封装,用于密封和高度耐冲击的smd器件
Pub Date : 2014-11-24 DOI: 10.1109/ESTC.2014.6962720
A. Goldberg, M. Ihle, S. Ziesche, Robert Kulls
The Low-Temperature Cofired Ceramic Technology (LTCC) based package shown here is an example of a special customized surface mount device (SMD) solution following the requirements of a high-g acceleration sensor. The main focus was the development of an economically viable packaging-solution. For achieving this goal attention was paid to the aspects of cost reduction by miniaturization and to the use of cost-effective materials. LTCC was chosen as the preferred manufacturing technology because of the possibility to integrate electrical wiring inside the ceramic. Using this technology a ceramic packaging with gas-tight sealing, solderable SMD contacts and an electrically and mechanically stable solution could be developed and manufactured [5].
这里展示的基于低温共烧陶瓷技术(LTCC)的封装是一个特殊定制表面贴装器件(SMD)解决方案的例子,该解决方案遵循了高加速度传感器的要求。主要重点是开发经济上可行的包装解决方案。为了实现这一目标,人们注意到通过小型化和使用成本效益高的材料来降低成本。LTCC被选为首选制造技术,因为可以在陶瓷内部集成电线。利用该技术,可以开发和制造具有气密密封,可焊接SMD触点以及电气和机械稳定解决方案的陶瓷封装[5]。
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引用次数: 1
Comparison between organic and ceramic substrate insulation 有机基片与陶瓷基片绝缘的比较
Pub Date : 2014-11-24 DOI: 10.1109/ESTC.2014.6962859
Aylin Bicakci, Ronald Eisele, F. Osterwald, K. Olesen
A study and comparison of substrates with ceramic and organic electrically insulating and thermally conductive layers for power electronic packages is presented. Reference is made to the “die on leadframe”-technology, to compare these structures with a commercial ceramic substrate. The focus of the study is on the thermal properties of the structures. Furthermore, a comprehensive overview of test methods and results for the breakdown voltage and the sheer strengths of the tested organic layers is given. The test results will be evaluated, if organic layers could be used as a substitute for standard ceramic substrates.
对电力电子封装用陶瓷基板和有机电绝缘导热基板进行了研究和比较。参考“引线框架上的模具”技术,将这些结构与商业陶瓷基板进行比较。研究的重点是结构的热性能。此外,还全面概述了测试有机层的击穿电压和绝对强度的测试方法和结果。测试结果将被评估,如果有机层可以用作标准陶瓷基板的替代品。
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引用次数: 4
期刊
Proceedings of the 5th Electronics System-integration Technology Conference (ESTC)
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