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Optimisation and application of polybrominated diphenyl ethers extraction method 多溴联苯醚提取方法的优化与应用
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/zmspn1936101s
N. Stojić, M. Pucarević, D. Prokić, S. Štrbac, Anastasija Joksimović
The optimal conditions for the extraction of eight polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were determined using 32 factorial design of experiments (DOE). The independent variables were coded at three levels and their actual values were selected on the basis of the preliminary experimental results. DOE consisted of nine runs with three replicates at the central point. A second-order polynomial model was used for predicting the response. After the optimization of the duration of extraction, the ratio of solvents and purification and instrumental parameters, the optimized conditions were applied on the samples taken from the surface layer of soil from 24 potentially contaminated locations (landfills, ex marshalling yard, dump of secondary raw materials and automotive waste). The gas chromatographic analysis with electron capture detection (GC-ECD) was used for the determination of PBDEs. The recovery values of BDE congeners at five concentration levels ranged between 80% and 115%. The total PBDEs concentrations ranged from 4.4 to 729 ?g kg-1 of absolutely dry soil. The suitability of the experiment was proved by comparing the experimental and predicted values of the variable parameters.
采用32因子试验设计(DOE)确定了8种多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)的最佳提取工艺。自变量分为三个层次编码,在初步实验结果的基础上选取自变量的实际值。DOE包括9组,在中心点有3个重复。采用二阶多项式模型进行响应预测。优化提取时间、溶剂比、纯化比和仪器参数后,对24个潜在污染地点(垃圾填埋场、前组组场、二次原料堆放场和汽车废弃物)土壤表层样品进行了优化。采用气相色谱-电子捕获检测(GC-ECD)法测定多溴二苯醚。五种浓度水平下BDE同源物的回收率在80% ~ 115%之间。在绝对干燥土壤中,多溴二苯醚的总浓度在4.4 ~ 729g kg-1之间。通过对各变量参数的实验值与预测值的比较,验证了实验的适用性。
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引用次数: 0
Antagonistic potential of lactobacillus plantarum against some postharvest pathogenic fungi 植物乳杆菌对采后病原菌的拮抗作用
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/zmspn1936079z
S. Zivkovic, S. Stošić, D. Ristic, I. Vučurović, M. Stevanovic
Lactobacillus plantarum, one of the most widespread lactic acid bacte?ria, exert a strong antagonistic activity against many microorganisms. The present study was conducted to determine in vitro and in situ antagonistic potential of L. plantarum (DSM 20174) for control postharvest decay caused by phytopathogenic fungi: Aspergillus flavus, Colletotrichum acutatum, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, and Fusarium avenaceum. The results obtained in in vitro assays showed that L. plantarum had a stronger inhibitory effect on spore germination than on mycelia growth of all tested fungi. After 3 days of incubation, the diameter of inhibition zones ranged from 11.67 mm for C. gloeosporioides to 14.67 mm for C. acutatum. The bacterial suspension of L. plantarum significantly inhibited conidial germination of all postharvest pathogens (89.62-97.61%). In situ assays showed that treatment with L. plantarum efficiently inhibited necrosis ranging from 42.54% for C. acutatum to 54.47% for A. flavus. The disease incidence in L. plantarum treated fruits was statistically significantly lower than in the positive control for all fungi tested (P<0.05). The presented data demonstrate the antagonistic potential of L. plantarum (DSM 20174) and indicate the possibility of using this bacterial strain as a biological agent to control postharvest fungal pathogens.
植物乳杆菌,最广泛存在的乳酸菌之一?对多种微生物具有很强的拮抗活性。本研究旨在研究植物乳杆菌(L. plantarum, DSM 20174)对黄曲霉(Aspergillus flavus)、acutatum炭疽菌(Colletotrichum acutatum)、gloeosporioides炭疽菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides)和avenaceum枯萎菌(Fusarium avenaceum)采后腐烂的体外和原位拮抗作用。体外实验结果表明,植物乳杆菌对孢子萌发的抑制作用强于对菌丝生长的抑制作用。孵育3 d后,黄孢粉蚧的抑菌带直径为11.67 mm,尖头粉蚧的抑菌带直径为14.67 mm。植物乳杆菌悬浮液显著抑制采后病原菌孢子萌发(89.62% ~ 97.61%)。原位实验结果表明,植物乳杆菌对枯黄弧菌的抑制率为54.47%,对枯黄弧菌的抑制率为42.54%。各菌种处理果实的发病率均显著低于阳性对照(P<0.05)。这些数据证明了L. plantarum (DSM 20174)的拮抗潜力,并表明使用该菌株作为生物制剂来控制采后真菌病原体的可能性。
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引用次数: 2
Identification and phylogenetic analysis of Fusarium proliferatum isolated from elephant garlic Allium ampeloprasum L. 大象蒜中增肉镰刀菌的鉴定及系统发育分析。
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/zmspn1937049i
M. Ignjatov, S. Vlajić, D. Milošević, Z. Nikolić, G. Tamindžić, J. Gvozdanović-Varga, Ž. Ivanović
Symptoms of cloves rot of A. ampeloprasum were noticed during 2018 in storage conditions. 16 isolates were obtained (AMP1-AMP16) and according to morphological and cultural characteristics they belong to F. proliferatum (sex. stage Gibberella intermedia), species of Gibberella fujikuroi complex. To confirm morphological identifica?tion, total genomic DNA was extracted from mycelium of the 16 isolates by amplification of TEF-1? gene, using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) that was performed with the primer pair EF1 and EF2. Results presented in this article clearly indicated that the new host of Fusarium proliferatum as the causal agent of cloves rot is ?elephant garlic? Allium ampeloprasum. Pathogenicity test was confirmed on Allium ampeloprasum cloves. Pathogenicity assays revealed that all isolates caused symptoms on tested Allium spp., like naturally infected cloves.
2018年,在贮藏条件下发现了黑藤丁香腐病的症状。分离得到16株分离菌株(AMP1-AMP16),根据形态和培养特征,它们属于增芽孢杆菌(F. proliferatum,性别)。阶段赤霉素中间),赤霉素复合体的种。为了确认形态上的同一性?采用TEF-1扩增法提取16株菌株菌丝体的基因组DNA。引物对EF1和EF2进行聚合酶链反应(PCR)。结果表明,引起丁香腐病的新寄主是大象蒜。葱属植物ampeloprasum。对香蒜进行了致病性试验。致病性分析显示,所有分离株都在被试葱属上引起症状,就像自然感染的丁香一样。
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引用次数: 1
Understanding the diffuse gamma ray emission of the milky way - from supernova remnants to dark matter 了解银河系的漫射伽马射线发射——从超新星残骸到暗物质
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/zmspn1937017p
M. J. Petrovic, S. Prodanovic, I. M. Kovacevic
Diffuse gamma ray emission from the Galactic center at 2-3 GeV, as well as the 12 TeV gamma ray excess in the Galactic disk, remain open for debate and represent the missing puzzles in the complete picture of the high-energy Milky Way sky. Our papers emphasize the importance of understanding all of the populations that contribute to the diffuse gamma background in order to discriminate between the astrophysical sources such as supernova remnants and pulsars, and something that is expected to be seen in gamma rays and is much more exotic - dark matter. We analyze two separate data sets that have been measured in different energy ranges from the ?Fermi-LAT? and ?Milagro? telescopes, using these as a powerful tool to limit and test our analytical source population models. We model supernova remnants and pulsars, estimating the number of still undetected ones that contribute to the diffuse background, trying to explain both the Galactic center and the 12 TeV excess. Furthermore, we aim to predict the number of soon to be detected sources with new telescopes, such as the ?HAWC?.
银河系中心2-3 GeV的漫射伽马射线发射,以及银河系盘上过量的12 TeV伽马射线,仍然存在争议,并代表了高能银河系天空完整图景中缺失的谜题。我们的论文强调了了解所有对漫射伽马背景有贡献的群体的重要性,以便区分天体物理来源,如超新星遗迹和脉冲星,以及预计在伽马射线中看到的东西,而且更奇特的-暗物质。我们分析了两个独立的数据集,这些数据集是在Fermi-LAT的不同能量范围内测量的。和已明显减少?望远镜,利用这些作为一个强大的工具来限制和测试我们的分析源人口模型。我们对超新星残骸和脉冲星进行了建模,估计了仍未被探测到的对漫射背景有贡献的数量,试图解释银河系中心和12 TeV的过剩。此外,我们的目标是用新的望远镜(如HAWC)预测即将被探测到的源的数量。
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引用次数: 0
Seroprevalence of porcine circovirus type 2 infection in the area of Vojvodina 伏伊伏丁那地区猪圆环病毒2型感染的血清流行率
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/zmspn1936165s
O. Stevančević, A. Potkonjak, B. Vujić, B. Savic, N. Stojanac, I. Davidov, Zdravko Tomic, M. Cincović
The aim of this research was to determine seroprevalence of infection caused by PCV2 in different categories of pigs on the territory of Vojvodina. The research was conducted on 6 pig farms placed in different locations on the territory of Vojvodina (two farms from the territory of Backa, Banat and Srem, respectively), with the capacity from 500 to 2,500 sows with intensive management, closed type. Blood samples from brachioce?phalic plexus were collected from 540 pigs in three different categories, in suckling piglets between 3 and 4 weeks of age, in weaned piglets from 8 to 9 weeks of age, and in fattening pigs between 20 and 22 weeks of age. Specific anti-PCV2 antibodies are determined by using indirect ELISA. Based on our results, we conclude that PCV2 infections are widely spread on the territory of Vojvodina, with total seroprevalence of 74.8%. The highest value of seroprevalence is determined in category of fattening pigs 86%, in suckling piglets this was 74.5%, while in weaned piglets seroprevalence was 65.3%.
本研究的目的是确定伏伊伏丁那省不同种类猪中PCV2感染的血清流行率。该研究在伏伊伏丁那省不同地点的6个养猪场进行(分别来自Backa、Banat和Srem地区的两个养猪场),母猪容量为500 - 2500头,集约化管理,封闭式。臂部的血液样本?收集了3 ~ 4周龄的哺乳仔猪、8 ~ 9周龄的断奶仔猪和20 ~ 22周龄的育肥猪共540头猪的Phalic丛。采用间接ELISA法检测特异性抗pcv2抗体。根据我们的结果,我们得出结论,PCV2感染在伏伊伏丁那境内广泛传播,总血清阳性率为74.8%。在育肥猪中血清阳性率最高,为86%,在哺乳仔猪中为74.5%,在断奶仔猪中为65.3%。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of cadmium on germination and growth of wheat 镉对小麦发芽和生长的影响
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/zmspn1936057k
R. Kastori, I. Maksimović, M. Putnik-Delić, V. Momčilović, M. Rajić
In this study, the effect of Cd on the germination, growth of seedlings and composition of plants deriving from contaminated grains, grown in the field, was ex?amined. Wheat grains were soaked in Cd-containing solutions: 0 (control, deionized water), 10-5, 10-4, 10-3, and 10-2 M CdCl2 during 24h. One portion of grains was used to test germi?nation and seedling growth, while the other was sown in the field. The concentration of Cd in the grains almost linearly increased with the increase in the applied concentrations of Cd, which reduced the germination and energy of germination and increased the proportion of atypical seedlings. Larger concentrations of Cd significantly impaired the growth of seedlings (length of the shoots and roots, dry matter mass). In the grains of the field-grown plants the concentrations of N, P, and K were not affected by Cd, but their concentrations in the straw declined (especially of N). These results suggest that the emergence and development of plants on the soil polluted by Cd are likely to be significantly limited and yield reduced.
本研究探讨了镉对田间污染籽粒萌发、幼苗生长和植株组成的影响。小麦籽粒在含cd溶液:0(对照,去离子水)、10-5、10-4、10-3和10-2 M CdCl2中浸泡24小时。一份谷物被用来测试细菌?国和秧苗生长,而另一方则在田间播种。籽粒中Cd浓度随Cd施用浓度的增加几乎呈线性增加,降低了萌发率和萌发能量,增加了非典型苗的比例。较大浓度的镉显著损害了幼苗的生长(茎长、根长、干物质质量)。田间作物籽粒中N、P、K的含量不受Cd的影响,但秸秆中N、P、K的含量明显下降,说明Cd污染土壤可能会显著限制植物的生长发育,降低产量。
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引用次数: 2
Gut micro flora in genesis of methilthyo metabolites of paracetamol 对乙酰氨基酚甲基代谢物的肠道菌群成因
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/zmspn1937043s
G. Smieško, M. Mikov, Vera Gusman, M. Djanic
Gut micro flora represents a system of extensive metabolic capacity which is quite different when compared to other cells of body and organs. In recent times, there has been an evidence of very important role of gut cysteine conjugate beta-lyases in metabolism of cystein conjugates. A lot of studies are dedicated to exploration of the role of gut micro flora in formation of methylthio adducts from paracetamol in conventional mice and those treated with neomycin as our study. A highly significant reduction in urinary excretion of 3-methylthioparacetamol in group of neomycin-treated mice was confirmed as well its glucuronic acid and sulphate conjugates. Following the principal role of gut flora in the C-S cleavage of paracetamol l-3-cyctein it is clear that highest concentration of methylthio adducts from paracetamol are presented in pretreated mice.
肠道菌群是一个具有广泛代谢能力的系统,与人体其他细胞和器官相比有很大的不同。近年来,有证据表明肠道半胱氨酸缀合物β -裂解酶在半胱氨酸缀合物的代谢中起着非常重要的作用。大量的研究致力于探索肠道菌群在常规小鼠和新霉素治疗小鼠体内对乙酰氨基酚甲基硫加合物形成中的作用。新霉素组小鼠尿中3-甲基硫代对乙酰氨基酚及其葡萄糖醛酸和硫酸盐缀合物显著减少。根据肠道菌群在C-S裂解扑热息痛l-3-环蛋白中的主要作用,很明显,预处理小鼠中出现了最高浓度的扑热息痛甲基硫合物。
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引用次数: 0
Assessing landscape plans with abbreviated pair-wise comparisons in the AHP (Analitic Hierarchy Process) 利用层次分析法(AHP)中的简化成对比较来评估景观规划
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/zmspn1936183l
D Milena Lakicevic, M. K. Reynolds, M Bojan Srdjevic
This paper demonstrates the application of the Analytic Hierarchy Pro?cess (AHP) in assessing landscape plans using the option of abbreviated pair-wise comparisons to simplify the weight elicitation process for decision makers. Whereas the standard AHP elicitation procedure requires a full set of pairwise comparisons among all criteria at each node of the decision hierarchy in order to derive criterion weights for the decision model, the abbreviated pairwise method uses a minimal spanning set of pairwise comparisons, and remaining comparisons are then derived by transitivity rules. In this paper is presented the abbreviated pairwise method with a case study in which alternative management plans are evaluated for the Zvezdarska forest of Belgrade, Serbia. The analysis was performed with the Criterium DecisionPlus software, which fully implements the AHP methodology, and provides useful diagnostics on AHP decision models. As a conclusion, some of the key advantages and disadvantages of the abbreviated pairwise variant of the AHP method are demonstrated. One of the key qualities of the Criterium DecisionPlus software is a clear and easy graphical representation of the results.
本文演示了Analytic Hierarchy Pro?在评估景观规划时,使用简化的成对比较选项,以简化决策者的权重提取过程。标准的AHP推导过程需要在决策层次结构的每个节点上的所有标准之间进行一套完整的两两比较,以得出决策模型的标准权重,而简化的两两方法使用两两比较的最小生成集,然后通过传递性规则推导剩余的比较。在本文中,提出了一个简短的两两方法与一个案例研究,其中替代管理计划的评估为塞尔维亚贝尔格莱德的兹韦兹达斯卡森林。分析使用了Criterium DecisionPlus软件,该软件完全实现了AHP方法,并对AHP决策模型提供了有用的诊断。作为结论,简要说明了AHP方法的一些主要优点和缺点。Criterium DecisionPlus软件的关键品质之一是结果的清晰和简单的图形表示。
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引用次数: 3
Antioxidant potential of Clinopodium menthifolium, Satureja montana and Salvia sclarea (Lamiaceae) extracts 薄荷草、大红花和鼠尾草提取物的抗氧化潜力
Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/zmspn1834009s
T. Sucur, M. Prvulovic, G. Anačkov, R. D. Malencic
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引用次数: 1
A new check list of hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) of the Republic of Serbia 标题塞尔维亚共和国食蚜蝇(双翅目:食蚜科)新查表
Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/ZMSPN1835007V
A. Vujić, R. S. Radenkovic, S. Nedeljkovic, D. Simic
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引用次数: 4
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Zbornik Matice Srpske za Prirodne Nauke
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