Pub Date : 2018-11-28DOI: 10.22190/FUPES180525024L
R. Lockie, S. Callaghan, Ashley J Orjalo, Matthew R. Moreno
The traditional bench press (TBP), performed with a grip width that maximizes strength, is a popular exercise for developing the upper-body. The close-grip bench press (CGBP) is a variation of the TBP often used to emphasize the triceps brachii over prime movers such as the pectoralis major. An individual’s arm span (AS; distance between the middle fingers of each hand while the arms are outstretched) could affect the mechanics of each exercise, which may be exacerbated by the change in grip. This study investigated relationships between AS and TBP and CGBP mechanics in resistance-trained men. Twenty-one participants completed a one-repetition maximum (1RM) TBP and CGBP. The TBP was performed with the preferred grip (measured relative to biacromial distance [BAD]), and the CGBP with a grip width of 95% BAD. A linear position transducer measured: lift distance; peak and mean power, velocity, and force; the distance and time when peak power occurred; and work. Pearson’s correlations (r; p < 0.05) computed relationships between AS and TBP and CGBP mechanics. There were significant positive relationships between AS and TBP lift distance and work (r = 0.46 and 0.51, respectively). For the CGBP, there was a significant positive relationship between AS and work (r = 0.48). There were no other significant correlations between AS and lift mechanics. Resistance-trained men with a longer AS may move the bar further and perform more work in the 1RM TBP and CGBP. This could influence how coaches measure training volume, and intensity for individuals with different AS.
{"title":"RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN ARM SPAN AND THE MECHANICS OF THE ONE-REPETITION MAXIMUM TRADITIONAL AND CLOSE-GRIP BENCH PRESS","authors":"R. Lockie, S. Callaghan, Ashley J Orjalo, Matthew R. Moreno","doi":"10.22190/FUPES180525024L","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22190/FUPES180525024L","url":null,"abstract":"The traditional bench press (TBP), performed with a grip width that maximizes strength, is a popular exercise for developing the upper-body. The close-grip bench press (CGBP) is a variation of the TBP often used to emphasize the triceps brachii over prime movers such as the pectoralis major. An individual’s arm span (AS; distance between the middle fingers of each hand while the arms are outstretched) could affect the mechanics of each exercise, which may be exacerbated by the change in grip. This study investigated relationships between AS and TBP and CGBP mechanics in resistance-trained men. Twenty-one participants completed a one-repetition maximum (1RM) TBP and CGBP. The TBP was performed with the preferred grip (measured relative to biacromial distance [BAD]), and the CGBP with a grip width of 95% BAD. A linear position transducer measured: lift distance; peak and mean power, velocity, and force; the distance and time when peak power occurred; and work. Pearson’s correlations (r; p < 0.05) computed relationships between AS and TBP and CGBP mechanics. There were significant positive relationships between AS and TBP lift distance and work (r = 0.46 and 0.51, respectively). For the CGBP, there was a significant positive relationship between AS and work (r = 0.48). There were no other significant correlations between AS and lift mechanics. Resistance-trained men with a longer AS may move the bar further and perform more work in the 1RM TBP and CGBP. This could influence how coaches measure training volume, and intensity for individuals with different AS.","PeriodicalId":304543,"journal":{"name":"Facta Universitatis, Series: Physical Education and Sport","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133844028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-28DOI: 10.22190/FUPES180926032V
D. Veličković, D. Radovanović
Women are underrepresented and underperformanced in chess at the top level. An explanation for the small number of female chess players because chess is an intellectually demanding activity would support the view of biological gender differences in intellectual abilities. However, despite different theories, there is no scientific evidence for sex specific intellectual performance differences. Furthermore, memory is heavily implicated in chess performance and is also often used to explain sex differences. Many novel findings are emerging and complementing cognitively-oriented research on chess. Sex stereotypes can have a greatly debilitating effect on female players leading to a sharp decline in performance when competing with males in chess. Women generally score lower than men both on aggressiveness and dominance and at the same time during a chess game, mental fatigue occurs earlier in women. This is usually explained by the fact that in the female body glycogen content is lower compared to males due to hormonal conditions and therefore unable to meet the demands for fast energy. Women also seem disadvantaged because they approach chess competitions with less confidence and with a more cautious attitude than their male counterparts. A motivational perspective may be better suited for understanding the underperformance of women as chess players. Studies of psychology, physiology and biochemistry of chess players should be used to improve the practice and pedagogy for male and female chess players.
{"title":"GENDER DIFFERENCES IN CHESS PERFORMANCE","authors":"D. Veličković, D. Radovanović","doi":"10.22190/FUPES180926032V","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22190/FUPES180926032V","url":null,"abstract":"Women are underrepresented and underperformanced in chess at the top level. An explanation for the small number of female chess players because chess is an intellectually demanding activity would support the view of biological gender differences in intellectual abilities. However, despite different theories, there is no scientific evidence for sex specific intellectual performance differences. Furthermore, memory is heavily implicated in chess performance and is also often used to explain sex differences. Many novel findings are emerging and complementing cognitively-oriented research on chess. Sex stereotypes can have a greatly debilitating effect on female players leading to a sharp decline in performance when competing with males in chess. Women generally score lower than men both on aggressiveness and dominance and at the same time during a chess game, mental fatigue occurs earlier in women. This is usually explained by the fact that in the female body glycogen content is lower compared to males due to hormonal conditions and therefore unable to meet the demands for fast energy. Women also seem disadvantaged because they approach chess competitions with less confidence and with a more cautious attitude than their male counterparts. A motivational perspective may be better suited for understanding the underperformance of women as chess players. Studies of psychology, physiology and biochemistry of chess players should be used to improve the practice and pedagogy for male and female chess players.","PeriodicalId":304543,"journal":{"name":"Facta Universitatis, Series: Physical Education and Sport","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122211301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-28DOI: 10.22190/FUPES180918031Z
D. Živković, Slađan Karaleić, I. Anđelković
Flat feet (pes planus) represents one of the most frequent deformities of the lower extremities which occurs with the collapse of the physiological arches of the feet. The causes of flat feet are numerous. One of the main causes is excessive weight and obesity, problems which this review paper meant to explain by analyzing the works of authors who dealt with this problem from 2000 to 2017. The prevalence of flat feet varies depending on several factors, but all the authors agree that obesity increases the percentage of the prevalence of flat feet among children. The influence of physical activity on any changes to the status of the arches of the feet and a decrease in body weight have been the focus of very few authors. The recommendation is for this problem to be analyzed more because of the positive results that the application of physical activity has on postural status and disorders of the feet. The prevalence of flat feet differs depending on the geographical area, but also depending on age and gender.
{"title":"FLAT FEET AND OBESITY AMONG CHILDREN","authors":"D. Živković, Slađan Karaleić, I. Anđelković","doi":"10.22190/FUPES180918031Z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22190/FUPES180918031Z","url":null,"abstract":"Flat feet (pes planus) represents one of the most frequent deformities of the lower extremities which occurs with the collapse of the physiological arches of the feet. The causes of flat feet are numerous. One of the main causes is excessive weight and obesity, problems which this review paper meant to explain by analyzing the works of authors who dealt with this problem from 2000 to 2017. The prevalence of flat feet varies depending on several factors, but all the authors agree that obesity increases the percentage of the prevalence of flat feet among children. The influence of physical activity on any changes to the status of the arches of the feet and a decrease in body weight have been the focus of very few authors. The recommendation is for this problem to be analyzed more because of the positive results that the application of physical activity has on postural status and disorders of the feet. The prevalence of flat feet differs depending on the geographical area, but also depending on age and gender.","PeriodicalId":304543,"journal":{"name":"Facta Universitatis, Series: Physical Education and Sport","volume":"175 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114076007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-28DOI: 10.22190/FUPES180820033T
Theoharis Tousios, Y. Michailidis, A. Mandroukas, Dimitrios Mikikis, T. Metaxas
The purpose of this study was to record and compare the goal scoring patterns and the minutes of the game that goals were scored between two Euro Cups (2012 and 2016). All matches (n=82) of both the Euro Cups were video taped and analyzed using the sport software Sportscout. Chi-square methods were used for the data analysis and the level of significance was set at p<0.05. The team that scored the first goal in a match was the winner of that match 70.97% of the time in Euro 2012 and 72% in Euro 2016. In open play, the highs of all the actions were more frequent prior to a goal which involved a cross or a through pass. The 15-min analysis showed that the most goals (20%) were scored between the 46th-60th min of the game in the Euro Cup 2012. Furthermore, in the Euro Cup 2016 the most goals were scored between the 31st-45th minute (19%), 46th–60th minute (19%) and between the 76th-90th minute (18%). No differences between the Euro Cups observed. The results indicated that coaches have to make sure their teams score first, press in the offensive third and prepare their players well in set plays to be more effective.
{"title":"DIFFERENCES IN GOAL SCORING AND MINUTES OF SCORING BETWEEN TWO EUROPEAN CHAMPIONSHIPS, ONE AMONG 16 TEAMS (EURO 2012) AND THE OTHER AMONG 24 TEAMS (EURO 2016)","authors":"Theoharis Tousios, Y. Michailidis, A. Mandroukas, Dimitrios Mikikis, T. Metaxas","doi":"10.22190/FUPES180820033T","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22190/FUPES180820033T","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to record and compare the goal scoring patterns and the minutes of the game that goals were scored between two Euro Cups (2012 and 2016). All matches (n=82) of both the Euro Cups were video taped and analyzed using the sport software Sportscout. Chi-square methods were used for the data analysis and the level of significance was set at p<0.05. The team that scored the first goal in a match was the winner of that match 70.97% of the time in Euro 2012 and 72% in Euro 2016. In open play, the highs of all the actions were more frequent prior to a goal which involved a cross or a through pass. The 15-min analysis showed that the most goals (20%) were scored between the 46th-60th min of the game in the Euro Cup 2012. Furthermore, in the Euro Cup 2016 the most goals were scored between the 31st-45th minute (19%), 46th–60th minute (19%) and between the 76th-90th minute (18%). No differences between the Euro Cups observed. The results indicated that coaches have to make sure their teams score first, press in the offensive third and prepare their players well in set plays to be more effective. ","PeriodicalId":304543,"journal":{"name":"Facta Universitatis, Series: Physical Education and Sport","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129467675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-28DOI: 10.22190/FUPES181008028D
Marko Đurović, M. Nikolić, Miloš Paunović, D. Madić, Tomislav Okičić
The primary purpose was to determine differences between lower body muscle potential during the unloaded and loaded squat jump (SJ) in elite male swimmers. The secondary purpose was to assess the load that would maximize power output in the SJ. Twenty-one elite male trained competitive swimmers, all members of the Central Serbia Swimming Team (Age = 20.7 ± 3.8 yrs., Height = 1.84 ± 0.56 m, Weight = 77.5 ± 7.3 kg, FINA points 2017 long course = 636 ± 80) performed two trials of the unloaded and loaded SJ (barbell loads equal to 25 and 35% body weight). Loaded SJ testing with free weights was done using the Smith machine. The Myotest performance measuring system was used to calculate absolute and relative values of average power (Pavg, PavgRel) and maximal power (Pmax, PmaxRel) achieved during the unloaded and loaded SJ. The one-way ANOVA method and POST HOC (Tukey HSD) test were used. The results showed significant interactions between the unloaded and loaded squat jump for relative values of maximal power (F= 12.95, p= 0.000) and average power (F= 12.20, p= 0.000) as well as absolute values (F= 7.66, p= 0.001; F= 7.40, p= 0.001). The instantaneous power output in the SJ at 0% additional load (body weight) was significantly greater than that at 25% and 35% in the elite male trained competitive swimmers. The practical application of this study suggests that for male sprint swimmers, the load that generates maximal power output in the squat jump is body weight, without any additional load.
{"title":"DIFFERENCES BETWEEN LOWER BODY MUSCLE POTENTIAL DURING UNLOADED AND LOADED SQUAT JUMP IN ELITE MALE SPRINT SWIMMERS","authors":"Marko Đurović, M. Nikolić, Miloš Paunović, D. Madić, Tomislav Okičić","doi":"10.22190/FUPES181008028D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22190/FUPES181008028D","url":null,"abstract":"The primary purpose was to determine differences between lower body muscle potential during the unloaded and loaded squat jump (SJ) in elite male swimmers. The secondary purpose was to assess the load that would maximize power output in the SJ. Twenty-one elite male trained competitive swimmers, all members of the Central Serbia Swimming Team (Age = 20.7 ± 3.8 yrs., Height = 1.84 ± 0.56 m, Weight = 77.5 ± 7.3 kg, FINA points 2017 long course = 636 ± 80) performed two trials of the unloaded and loaded SJ (barbell loads equal to 25 and 35% body weight). Loaded SJ testing with free weights was done using the Smith machine. The Myotest performance measuring system was used to calculate absolute and relative values of average power (Pavg, PavgRel) and maximal power (Pmax, PmaxRel) achieved during the unloaded and loaded SJ. The one-way ANOVA method and POST HOC (Tukey HSD) test were used. The results showed significant interactions between the unloaded and loaded squat jump for relative values of maximal power (F= 12.95, p= 0.000) and average power (F= 12.20, p= 0.000) as well as absolute values (F= 7.66, p= 0.001; F= 7.40, p= 0.001). The instantaneous power output in the SJ at 0% additional load (body weight) was significantly greater than that at 25% and 35% in the elite male trained competitive swimmers. The practical application of this study suggests that for male sprint swimmers, the load that generates maximal power output in the squat jump is body weight, without any additional load.","PeriodicalId":304543,"journal":{"name":"Facta Universitatis, Series: Physical Education and Sport","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127299008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-28DOI: 10.22190/FUPES180925025I
A. Isakovic, G. Janković, S. Mazić, Ž. Stanojević, D. Nešić
It is known that physical activity undoubtedly exhibits positive effects, decreasing the incidence of many chronic diseases. But, at present, physical activity is consider a pre-analytical factor/error related to the sampling process. Namely, different types of physical activity as well as its different intensity may influence a broad array of laboratory variables. The amount of extracellular release and clearance from blood of most of these biomarkers is markedly influenced by the biological characteristics of the molecule(s), level of training, type, intensity and duration of exercise, and time of recovery after training. It is therefore noteworthy to have the anamnestic information about these specific characteristics of physical activity and to understand the "physiologic" effects of exercise on laboratory results and when the threshold to pathological effects has been crossed. There are a lot of research data about the influence of physical activity on laboratory test results, but the accessible results are scattered and inconsistent since variations in type, duration, and intensity of exercise, sample size, and biological, behavioral, and experimental variables are not always adequately controlled. In this study we put an effort to summarize the most often changes in laboratory results that occur as a result of physical activity and to explain these changes in accordance with their biochemical, physiological and metabolic features.
{"title":"PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AS A PRE-ANALYTICAL FACTOR AFFECTING LABORATORY TEST RESULTS","authors":"A. Isakovic, G. Janković, S. Mazić, Ž. Stanojević, D. Nešić","doi":"10.22190/FUPES180925025I","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22190/FUPES180925025I","url":null,"abstract":"It is known that physical activity undoubtedly exhibits positive effects, decreasing the incidence of many chronic diseases. But, at present, physical activity is consider a pre-analytical factor/error related to the sampling process. Namely, different types of physical activity as well as its different intensity may influence a broad array of laboratory variables. The amount of extracellular release and clearance from blood of most of these biomarkers is markedly influenced by the biological characteristics of the molecule(s), level of training, type, intensity and duration of exercise, and time of recovery after training. It is therefore noteworthy to have the anamnestic information about these specific characteristics of physical activity and to understand the \"physiologic\" effects of exercise on laboratory results and when the threshold to pathological effects has been crossed. There are a lot of research data about the influence of physical activity on laboratory test results, but the accessible results are scattered and inconsistent since variations in type, duration, and intensity of exercise, sample size, and biological, behavioral, and experimental variables are not always adequately controlled. In this study we put an effort to summarize the most often changes in laboratory results that occur as a result of physical activity and to explain these changes in accordance with their biochemical, physiological and metabolic features.","PeriodicalId":304543,"journal":{"name":"Facta Universitatis, Series: Physical Education and Sport","volume":"135 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121383393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-28DOI: 10.22190/FUPES170314023K
J. Kocić, Aleksandar Ignjatović
Despite the belief that resistance training was dangerous or ineffective for children, the safety and effectiveness of such programs are now well documented. The goal of this study was to examine the attitudes of children toward different forms of resistance training in which they were involved. One hundred 3rd and 4th grade children served as participants (age 9.5 years). Before filling out a questionnaire, the students were involved in five different resistance exercises types: exercises with their own body weight, exercises with barbells 1 kg in weight each, exercises with elastic bands, exercises with a partner and exercises with a BOSU ball (under unstable conditions). The questionnaire with a Likert scale of 5 degrees with responses ranging from 1 (strongly agree) to 5 (strongly disagree) consisted of questions exploring attitudes and degree of motivation toward various modalities of resistance training and their use in physical education classes. All of the selected modalities were evaluated positively by the children. Over 50% of the children stated that they strongly like all of the selected resistance training modalities. Exercises on a BOSU ball were the children’s first choice (51%) followed by rubber bands (15%) while exercise with body weights were their last choice (9%). Within the limitations of the study, the data show that various modalities of resistance training exercises have the potential to increase physical activity and establish healthy physical activity patterns. The desire to experience new and different activities provided a significant role towards choice of modality of resistance training.
{"title":"CHILDREN ATTITUDES TOWARD VARIOUS FORMS OF RESISTANCE TRAINING","authors":"J. Kocić, Aleksandar Ignjatović","doi":"10.22190/FUPES170314023K","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22190/FUPES170314023K","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the belief that resistance training was dangerous or ineffective for children, the safety and effectiveness of such programs are now well documented. The goal of this study was to examine the attitudes of children toward different forms of resistance training in which they were involved. One hundred 3rd and 4th grade children served as participants (age 9.5 years). Before filling out a questionnaire, the students were involved in five different resistance exercises types: exercises with their own body weight, exercises with barbells 1 kg in weight each, exercises with elastic bands, exercises with a partner and exercises with a BOSU ball (under unstable conditions). The questionnaire with a Likert scale of 5 degrees with responses ranging from 1 (strongly agree) to 5 (strongly disagree) consisted of questions exploring attitudes and degree of motivation toward various modalities of resistance training and their use in physical education classes. All of the selected modalities were evaluated positively by the children. Over 50% of the children stated that they strongly like all of the selected resistance training modalities. Exercises on a BOSU ball were the children’s first choice (51%) followed by rubber bands (15%) while exercise with body weights were their last choice (9%). Within the limitations of the study, the data show that various modalities of resistance training exercises have the potential to increase physical activity and establish healthy physical activity patterns. The desire to experience new and different activities provided a significant role towards choice of modality of resistance training.","PeriodicalId":304543,"journal":{"name":"Facta Universitatis, Series: Physical Education and Sport","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128250927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-28DOI: 10.22190/FUPES171215036A
I. Anđelković, Slađan Karaleić, Vesko Milenković, Ljubiša Lilić, Branimir Mekić, R. Stefanović
The foot represents one of the most complicated anatomical segments of the human body. As, phylogenetically speaking, the youngest organ of “homo erectus”, the foot is subject to various disorders and deformities. Flat feet (pes planus) represent one of the most frequent deformities of the lower extremities, with a loss of the normal physiological arches. The subject matter of this research is the prevalence of flat feet among preschool children. The aim of this review paper is to identify and sum up the relevant literature on the frequency of pes planus and the factors of occurrence among preschool children. The analyzed papers have all been published in the period from 2000 to 2016. The paper implements a descriptive method. The research results indicate an increased prevalence of flat feet approximately around the age of 3, and a decrease around the age of 6. The main factor of occurrence is usually obesity, and the deformity occurs more frequently among boys. The conclusion is that by controlling body weight, daily physical activity, as well as an adequate corrective treatment, we might decrease the prevalence of flat feet and foot deformities among preschool children.
{"title":"THE FACTORS WHICH INFLUENCE THE OCCURRENCE AND PREVALENCE OF FLAT FEET AMONG PRESCHOOL CHILDREN","authors":"I. Anđelković, Slađan Karaleić, Vesko Milenković, Ljubiša Lilić, Branimir Mekić, R. Stefanović","doi":"10.22190/FUPES171215036A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22190/FUPES171215036A","url":null,"abstract":"The foot represents one of the most complicated anatomical segments of the human body. As, phylogenetically speaking, the youngest organ of “homo erectus”, the foot is subject to various disorders and deformities. Flat feet (pes planus) represent one of the most frequent deformities of the lower extremities, with a loss of the normal physiological arches. The subject matter of this research is the prevalence of flat feet among preschool children. The aim of this review paper is to identify and sum up the relevant literature on the frequency of pes planus and the factors of occurrence among preschool children. The analyzed papers have all been published in the period from 2000 to 2016. The paper implements a descriptive method. The research results indicate an increased prevalence of flat feet approximately around the age of 3, and a decrease around the age of 6. The main factor of occurrence is usually obesity, and the deformity occurs more frequently among boys. The conclusion is that by controlling body weight, daily physical activity, as well as an adequate corrective treatment, we might decrease the prevalence of flat feet and foot deformities among preschool children.","PeriodicalId":304543,"journal":{"name":"Facta Universitatis, Series: Physical Education and Sport","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132258379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-28DOI: 10.22190/FUPES180722027C
N. Cvetković, J. Cvetković
The modern way of life lead to the emergence of hypokinesis, obesity or various conditions and spine curvature disorders which are more and more present among younger children. The aim of this research was to determine the connection between nutritional levels and kyphosis and lordosis among preschool children. The sample of participants included of 50 boys and girls, preschoolers aged 6 to 7, who attend the Jelica Obradović Preschool in Mladenovac. Previous approval was obtained from their parents and teachers for participation in this study. To evaluate nutritional levels, the body mass index was used, which divided the participants into four categories: underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese. Somatoscopy was used to evaluate posture, along with a wooden frame to which a net with square decimeters was attached. Based on the results of this test, the following variables were obtained: normal posture, poor posture, first level of severity and poor posture, second level of severity. To determine the connection, or possible influence of the nutritional levels on body posture, the Chi square test was used. The results indicate that there is no statistically significant connection between nutritional levels and kyphosis and lordosis for this group of preschool children. This could indicate that obesity and underweight do not influence the occurrence of spine curvature disorders independently, but probably in combination with other factors such as heredity, physical inactivity, etc.
{"title":"NUTRITIONAL LEVELS AND SPINE CURVATURE DISORDERS AMONG PRESCHOOL CHIDLREN","authors":"N. Cvetković, J. Cvetković","doi":"10.22190/FUPES180722027C","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22190/FUPES180722027C","url":null,"abstract":"The modern way of life lead to the emergence of hypokinesis, obesity or various conditions and spine curvature disorders which are more and more present among younger children. The aim of this research was to determine the connection between nutritional levels and kyphosis and lordosis among preschool children. The sample of participants included of 50 boys and girls, preschoolers aged 6 to 7, who attend the Jelica Obradović Preschool in Mladenovac. Previous approval was obtained from their parents and teachers for participation in this study. To evaluate nutritional levels, the body mass index was used, which divided the participants into four categories: underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese. Somatoscopy was used to evaluate posture, along with a wooden frame to which a net with square decimeters was attached. Based on the results of this test, the following variables were obtained: normal posture, poor posture, first level of severity and poor posture, second level of severity. To determine the connection, or possible influence of the nutritional levels on body posture, the Chi square test was used. The results indicate that there is no statistically significant connection between nutritional levels and kyphosis and lordosis for this group of preschool children. This could indicate that obesity and underweight do not influence the occurrence of spine curvature disorders independently, but probably in combination with other factors such as heredity, physical inactivity, etc.","PeriodicalId":304543,"journal":{"name":"Facta Universitatis, Series: Physical Education and Sport","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123663692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-28DOI: 10.22190/FUPES180114040O
J. Obradović, M. V. Jurišić, Dušan Rakonjac, A. ALEKSIC-VELJKOVIC, Maja Batez
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of whey protein vs carbohydrate supplementation during eight weeks of resistance training on body composition and strength in young adult men. Fifteen young adult men (age 21±5 years; body height: 178.63±4.1 cm; body mass 81.73 ± 4.97 kg) were randomly assigned to three groups: a whey protein group (WP; 1g/kg immediately after resistance training, n=5), a carbohydrates group (CHO; 30g during and 30g immediately after resistance training, n=5) or a control group (K; n=5) for 8 weeks of resistance training. All the participants were tested for each of the following body composition parameters: body mass (BM), fat free mass (FFM), fat mass (FM), glycogen mass (GM), muscle mass (MM), total body water (TBW), extracellular water (EW), intracellular water (IW). Also, the participants were assessed for muscle strength 1RM bench press, 1RM squat, 1RM shoulder press and maximum pull-ups. Data were analyzed with a two-way mixed model ANOVA (p<0.05). The results indicated that the WP group decreased FM, increased MM and had greater results for the 1RM squat than the CHO and K group (p<0.05). The CHO group improved their results for the 1RM bench press, 1RM squat and 1RM seated barbell press behind the neck and decreased FM more than the K group (p<0.05). In conclusion, young adult men who consumed whey protein during 8 weeks of resistance training achieved greater effects on body composition and strength than adult men who consumed carbohydrates supplementation during 8 weeks of resistance training or young adult men who trained 8 weeks without supplementation.
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