Pub Date : 2022-09-29DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v32i2.36883
D. Wijaya
The rising tension in the Straits of Malacca in the first half of the 17th century forced the political entities to make an ally on one side and invade other states on the other side. Acehnese Sultanate succeeded in capturing all Malay states, except for Malacca. The desire to control the straits forced them to make an assault. Interestingly, the 1629 Acehnese siege of Malacca was perceived differently. The Acehnese chronicles seem to be quiet except for the Bustan Al-Salatin. However, the European sources are proud to explain the Portuguese victory over the greatest fleet in Asia. The available Eurasian sources should be exploited to cross-check the historical data and narrate more accurately. The siege started when the Acehnese were anchored and fortified. However, they succeeded in surrounding the fortress for a month, but the Luso-Malay joint forces could counter-attack and drive them out from Malacca. The Portuguese relief forces continued to patrol the straits after the Acehnese failure. Unfortunately, the death of Nuno Alvares Botelho in the tragedy of the Dutch ship’s explosion forced the Portuguese to bury their dream of securing the mercantile route of India and China from the Dutch threat. Meningkatnya tensi di Selat Melaka di pertengahan paruh pertama abad 17 telah mendorong entitas politik untuk membuat sekutu dalam satu sisi dan melakukan invasi pada negara lain pada sisi yang lain. Kesultanan Aceh berhasil mencaplok semua negara Melayu kecuali Melaka. Keinginan kuat untuk mengontrol selat memaksa mereka untuk melakukan serangan. Menariknya, penyerbuan Aceh di Melaka tahun 1629 dilihat secara berbeda. Hikayat-hikayat Aceh terlihat diam kecuali the Bustan Al-Salatin, tetapi sumber Eropa dengan bangga menjelaskan kemenangan Portugis atas armada terbesar yang pernah ada di Asia. Ketersediaan sumber-sumber Eropa dan Asia seharusnya dieksploitasi bukan hanya untuk proses verifikasi sumber data tetapi juga untuk menarasikan lebih akurat. Penyerbuan dimulai ketika Aceh mendarat dan membuat benteng. Walaupun mereka, berhasil mengepung benteng Melaka selama sebulan tetapi pasukan gabungan Luso-Melayu dapat memukul balik and menendang mereka keluar. Pasukan penyelamat Portugis terus melanjutkan tugasnya untuk melakukan patroli di selat setelah kegagalan Aceh. Sayangnya, kematian Nuno Alvares Botelho dalam tragedi meletusnya kapal Belanda memaksa orang-orang Portugis mengubur impiannya untuk mengamankan jalur perdagangan India dan China dari ancaman Belanda. Cite this article: Wijaya, D.N. (2022). The 1629 Acehnese Invasion of Malacca: A Eurasian Perspective. Paramita: Historical Studies Journal, 32(2), 221-229. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/paramita.v32i2.36883
17世纪上半叶，马六甲海峡日益紧张的局势迫使政治实体一边结盟，另一边入侵其他国家。亚齐苏丹国成功占领了除马六甲以外的所有马来州。控制海峡的欲望迫使他们发动进攻。有趣的是，1629年亚齐人围攻马六甲的看法却不同。亚齐编年史似乎是安静的，除了布斯坦Al-Salatin。然而，欧洲的消息来源很自豪地解释葡萄牙战胜了亚洲最强大的舰队。应该利用现有的欧亚资源来交叉核对历史数据，并更准确地叙述。围攻开始时，亚齐人锚定和加强。然而，他们成功地包围了堡垒一个月，但卢马联军可以反击并将他们赶出马六甲。亚齐失败后，葡萄牙救援部队继续在海峡巡逻。不幸的是，努诺·阿尔瓦雷斯·博特略(Nuno Alvares Botelho)在荷兰船只爆炸的悲剧中丧生，迫使葡萄牙人埋葬了他们保护印度和中国商业航线免受荷兰威胁的梦想。这句话的意思是:“马六甲，我是说马六甲，我是说马六甲，我是说马六甲，我是说马六甲。”马六甲:Kesultanan Aceh berhasil mencatplok semua negara Melayu kecuali Melaka。Keinginan, kukutuk，孟山都，孟山都，孟山都，孟山都，孟山都，孟山都。马六甲，亚齐，亚齐，马六甲，亚齐，亚齐，马六甲，亚齐，亚齐，马六甲，亚齐，马六甲，亚齐，马六甲，亚齐，马六甲Hikayat-hikayat Aceh terlihat diam kecuali Bustan Al-Salatin, tetapi sumber Eropa dengan banga menjelaskan kemenangan Portugis as armada terbesar yang pernah ada di Asia。Ketersediaan sumper - sumper欧洲和亚洲seharusnya dieksploitasi bukan hanya untuk过程验证kasi sumper数据tetapi juga untuk menarasikan lebih akurat。Penyerbuan dimulai ketika亚齐mendarat dan benteng。Walaupun mereka, berhasil mengepung benteng马六甲selama sebulan tetapi pasukan gabungan Luso-Melayu dapat memukul balik和menendang mereka keluar。在亚齐省，葡萄牙人有一种特殊的生活方式，那就是在亚齐省。萨扬尼亚，kematian Nuno Alvares Botelho dalam tragedi meletusnya kapal Belanda memaksa橙色，橙色，橙色，葡萄牙，mengubur impiannya untuk mengamankan jalur perdagangan印度和中国，dari andaman Belanda。引用本文:Wijaya, D.N.(2022)。1629年亚齐人入侵马六甲:欧亚视角。历史研究，32(2)，221-229。http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/paramita.v32i2.36883
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Pub Date : 2022-09-29DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v32i2.30576
Najuah Najuah, Ricu Sidiq, I. Azhari, P. Lukitoyo
This study examines the content validity and presentation of historical electronics modules (HEM) based on higher-order thinking skills developed with the ADDIE model for class XII high school students in Indonesia. In addition, the assessment of the effectiveness of the module on improving critical and analytical thinking skills through a competency test. The research method used is a mixed-method with research and development and experimental designs, starting from the development of the electronic history module and starting from Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The results showed that the validity of the content and presentation from the experts and the users, in this case, students were very valid, so HEM was very suitable. The effectiveness test results showed increased students’ ability to think critically and analytically as an indicator of higher-order thinking. The electronic developed with a higher-order thinking approach can improve students’ ability to think critically and analytically in learning history independently. Penelitian ini mengkaji validitas isi dan penyajian modul elektronika sejarah (HEM) berbasis kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi yang dikembangkan dengan model ADDIE untuk siswa kelas XII SMA di Indonesia. Selain itu, penilaian keefektifan modul terhadap peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan analitis melalui uji kompetensi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode campuran dengan desain penelitian dan pengembangan dan eksperimen, dimulai dari pengembangan modul sejarah elektronika) mulai dari Analisis, Perancangan, Pengembangan, Implementasi, dan Evaluasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa validitas isi dan penyajian dari ahli dan pengguna dalam hal ini siswa sangat valid, sehingga HEM sangat sesuai. Hasil uji efektivitas menunjukkan peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan analitis siswa sebagai indikator berpikir tingkat tinggi. Elektronik yang dikembangkan dengan pendekatan berpikir tingkat tinggi dapat meningkatkan kemampuan siswa untuk berpikir kritis dan analitis dalam pembelajaran sejarah secara mandiri. Cite this article: Najuah, Sidiq, R., Azhari, I., Lukitoyo, P.S. (2022). Validity and Effectiveness of the Historical Electronics Module for Senior High School. Paramita: Historical Studies Journal, 32(2), 286-294. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/paramita.v32i2.30576
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Pub Date : 2022-09-29DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v32i2.38578
C. Utomo
Teaching history in the era of Industrial Revolution 4.0 requires a transformation in media use. Conventional media such as PowerPoints and visual aid no longer attract students. This study aims to analyze the narrative understanding of students’ nationalism and humanism received through the media wayang perjuangan in history learning. This research was carried out with a descriptive method. This research data is qualitative and quantitative. The data were collected using observation, interview, and test techniques. The data analysis techniques used were qualitative and quantitative analysis. The results of this study are (i) quantum teaching becomes a relevant learning model for the application of media wayang perjuangan; (ii) students’ basic knowledge about the history of the proclamation of Indonesian independence became the minimum capital in receiving the narrative from the media wayang perjuangan; (iii) most of the students accepted wayang perjuangan as an alternative medium, and (iv) students reject the idea of imperialism based on an understanding of nationalism and humanism. These two ideas are the most dominant content and impact when taught using the media wayang perjuangan. In conclusion, the media wayang perjuangan can transmit academic ideas of nationalism and humanism resulting from the dialogue process. Thus, this media can be said to be relevant for teaching history on the material of the independence proclamation. However, this media’s implementation is still needed for other historical material to see the media wayang perjuangan’s relevance further. Pengajaran sejarah di era Revolusi Industri 4.0 membutuhkan transformasi penggunaan media. Media konvensional seperti PowerPoint dan alat bantu visual tidak lagi menarik minat siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pemahaman naratif tentang nasionalisme dan humanisme siswa yang diterima melalui media wayang perjuangan dalam pembelajaran sejarah. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif. Data penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan tes. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian ini adalah (i) quantum teaching menjadi model pembelajaran yang relevan untuk penerapan media wayang perjuangan; (ii) pengetahuan dasar siswa tentang sejarah proklamasi kemerdekaan Indonesia menjadi modal minimal dalam menerima narasi dari media wayang perjuangan; (iii) sebagian besar siswa menerima wayang perjuangan sebagai media alternatif, dan (iv) siswa menolak gagasan imperialisme berdasarkan pemahaman nasionalisme dan humanisme. Kedua gagasan ini merupakan isi dan pengaruh yang paling dominan ketika diajarkan dengan menggunakan media wayang perjuangan. Kesimpulannya, media wayang perjuangan dapat mentransmisikan ide-ide akademik tentang nasionalisme dan humanisme yang dihasilkan dari proses dialog. Dengan demikian media ini dapat dikatakan relevan untuk
工业革命4.0时代的历史教学需要媒介使用的转变。传统的媒体，如幻灯片和视觉辅助工具，不再吸引学生。本研究旨在分析透过媒体“wayang perjuangan”，学生在历史学习中对民族主义与人文主义的叙事理解。本研究采用描述性方法进行。本研究数据有定性和定量两种。使用观察、访谈和测试技术收集数据。使用的数据分析技术有定性分析和定量分析。本研究的结果是:(1)量子教学成为媒体应用的相关学习模式;(二)学生对印尼宣布独立历史的基本知识成为接受媒体wayang perjuangan叙事的最低资本;(三)大部分学生接受“打法”作为另一种媒介;(四)学生基于对民族主义和人文主义的理解，拒绝帝国主义的观念。这两种思想是运用媒体进行教学时最主要的内容和影响。综上所述，媒体可以传播对话过程中产生的民族主义和人文主义的学术思想。因此，这种媒体可以说是与独立宣言材料的历史教学相关。然而，这一媒介的实施，还需要其他史料来进一步看到媒介wayang perjuangan的相关性。彭家兰工业革命4.0时代彭家兰转型媒体。媒体立体演示文稿是一种具有视觉效果的多媒体演示文稿。Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalis pemahaman叙事，即民族主义和人道主义，是一种双重媒介，即perjuangan dalam pembelajan sejarah。Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan方法说明。数据分析分为定性和定量两种。彭普兰的数据来自丹麦技术观测站，瓦万卡拉，丹。技术分析是指数据分析、定性分析和定量分析。Hasil penelitian ini adalah (i)量子教学menjadi模型(penbelajaran yang);pengetahuan dasar siswa tentang sejarah proklamasi kemerdekaan Indonesia menjadi modal minimal dalam menerima narasi dari media wayang perjuangan;(三)民族主义和民族主义;(四)民族主义和人道主义。Kedua gagasan ini merupakan isi danpengaruh yang paling dominan ketika diajarkan dengan menggunakan媒体wayang perjuangan。媒体、媒体、民族主义、人文主义、学者、学者、学者、学者、学者、学者、学者、学者、学者、学者、学者、学者、学者、学者、学者、学者、学者、学者、学者、学者、学者、学者、学者、学者、学者、学者、学者、学者、学者、学者、学者、学者、学者、学者、学者、学者、学者、学者、学者。登根德米克媒体ini dapat dikatakan an relevan untuk pembelajan sejarah pada materi proklamasi kemerdekaan。Namun，执行asi media ini masih diperluk, untuk materi sejara, lainya untuk melih, lebih jauh，相关媒体wayang perjuangan。引用本文:Utomo, C.B.(2022)。解读媒体在历史学习中的民族主义与人文主义叙事。历史研究，32(2)，295-305。http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/paramita.v32i2.38578
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Pub Date : 2022-09-29DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v32i2.35583
W. Horton
The covid-19 era has changed the world, including more “open access” publications, the increasing importance of digital research materials, and engagement in digital interactions of increased importance in the humanities. Perspectives of isolated scholars, in this case, working on the history of Indonesia during World War II from a small national university in a remote city in northern Japan, provide an essential perspective on conducting research and creating digital archives. Far closer to Indonesian students and researchers than researchers in major universities in the West, such practical perspectives are urgently needed to achieve the full potential of digital humanities. Some archives and public library collections have developed digital collections for readers and researchers, however smaller collections of materials made by scholars in the course of their research are also of significant importance but present a large number of unique problems, including dependence on low-budget efforts by individual scholars in their “spare time” to do all the planning and digitizing of their research materials. A coordinated effort by a group of scholars in northern Japan to digitize materials on Indonesian history is making progress but faces different problems than those of large institutions. These problems include long-term support, determining and coding materials for their accessibility, depending on the nature of the material and the rights involved. None-the-less, it is hoped that innovative collaboration will allow some of these materials to be made available to the general public and outside researchers while minimizing the disadvantages. Era covid-19 telah membawa perubahan bagi dunia, termasuk lebih banyak publikasi “akses terbuka”, semakin pentingnya bahan penelitian digital, dan keterlibatan dalam interaksi digital yang semakin penting dalam humaniora. Perspektif sarjana yang terisolasi, dalam hal ini, bekerja pada sejarah Indonesia selama Perang Dunia II dari sebuah universitas nasional kecil di kota terpencil di Jepang utara, memberikan perspektif penting dalam melakukan penelitian dan membuat arsip digital. Jauh lebih dekat dengan mahasiswa dan peneliti Indonesia daripada peneliti di universitas-universitas besar di Barat, perspektif praktis seperti itu sangat dibutuhkan untuk mencapai potensi penuh humaniora digital. Sejumlah arsip dan koleksi perpustakaan umum telah mengembangkan koleksi digital untuk pembaca dan peneliti, namun koleksi bahan yang lebih kecil yang dibuat oleh para sarjana dalam perjalanan penelitian mereka juga sangat penting tetapi menghadirkan sejumlah besar masalah unik, termasuk ketergantungan pada rendahnya sumber daya. upaya anggaran oleh para sarjana individu di "waktu luang" mereka untuk melakukan semua perencanaan dan digitalisasi bahan penelitian mereka. Upaya terkoordinasi oleh sekelompok cendekiawan di Jepang utara untuk mendigitalkan materi tentang sejarah Indonesia sedang mengalami kemajuan tetapi mengh
covid-19时代改变了世界，包括更多的“开放获取”出版物，数字研究材料的重要性日益增加，以及参与在人文学科中日益重要的数字互动。在这种情况下，在日本北部一个偏远城市的一所小型国立大学研究二战期间印度尼西亚历史的孤立学者的观点，为开展研究和创建数字档案提供了一个重要的视角。与西方主要大学的研究人员相比，印尼的学生和研究人员更接近他们，迫切需要这种实用的视角来实现数字人文学科的全部潜力。一些档案馆和公共图书馆已经为读者和研究人员开发了数字馆藏，然而学者在研究过程中收集的较小的资料也很重要，但存在许多独特的问题，包括依赖于单个学者在其“业余时间”的低预算努力来完成其研究资料的所有规划和数字化。日本北部的一群学者正在协调努力，将印尼历史资料数字化，但面临着与大型机构不同的问题。这些问题包括长期支持，根据材料的性质和所涉及的权利，确定和编码材料的可访问性。尽管如此，希望创新的合作将使这些材料中的一些能够提供给公众和外部研究人员，同时尽量减少缺点。2019冠状病毒病疫情新冠肺炎疫情新冠肺炎疫情新冠肺炎疫情新冠肺炎疫情新冠肺炎疫情新冠肺炎疫情新冠肺炎疫情新冠肺炎疫情新冠肺炎疫情新冠肺炎疫情新冠肺炎疫情新冠肺炎疫情新冠肺炎疫情新冠肺炎疫情新冠肺炎疫情新冠肺炎疫情新冠肺炎疫情新冠肺炎疫情新冠肺炎疫情新冠肺炎疫情新冠肺炎疫情新冠肺炎疫情新冠肺炎疫情新冠肺炎疫情新冠肺炎疫情新冠肺炎疫情新冠肺炎疫情新冠肺炎疫情新冠肺炎疫情新冠肺炎疫情马来西亚国立大学，马来西亚国立大学，马来西亚国立大学，马来西亚国立大学，马来西亚国立大学，马来西亚国立大学，马来西亚国立大学，马来西亚国立大学，马来西亚国立大学，马来西亚国立大学，马来西亚国立大学，马来西亚国立大学，马来西亚国立大学，马来西亚国立大学，马来西亚国立大学，马来西亚国立大学，马来西亚国立大学，马来西亚国立大学，马来西亚国立大学，马来西亚国立大学，马来西亚国立大学，马来西亚国立大学，马来西亚国立大学，马来西亚国立大学，马来西亚国立大学。Jauh lebih dekat dengan mahasiswa dan peneliti Indonesia daripada peneliti di universitas-universitas besar di Barat, perpaktis perpiti, sangat dibutuhkan untuk, menapi潜力penuhumanhumani digital。这句话的意思是:“我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说。”Upaya anggaran oleh para sarjana个人di“waktu luang”mereka untuk melakukan semua perencanan Dan digitalisasi bahan penelitian mereka。我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说。Masalah-masalah ini termasuk dukungan jangka panjang, pententuan dan pengkodean materi untuk aksesibilitas mereka, tergantong pada sifat materi dan hak-hak yang terlibat。梅斯基潘·德米克，科拉伯拉斯·杨，创新的diharapkan akan memungkinkan beberapa材料，在termedia untuk masyarakat umum和peneli - lubil memalkan kerukan。引用本文:霍顿，W.B.(2022)。新冠时代的数字人文:一位来自日本北部的现代印尼历史学家的视角。历史研究，32(2)，243-252。http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/paramita.v32i2.35583
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Pub Date : 2022-09-29DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v32i2.34535
Risky Setiawan, A. Aman
This study aims to: (1) find out the relevance of the history study program curriculum to the field needs, (2) find out the advantages of the current program curriculum, and 3) find out what content needs to be strengthened in the curriculum program in Indonesia. This research method uses mixed approaches. While the strategy used is that the research has been planned in detail in the proposal before the researcher goes into the field, the suitable strategy is embedded research. The results of the study are: (1) the relevance shows that overall the curriculum content of the program is included in the excellent category or has a good weight; aspects of curriculum implementation amounting to 4.09 which shows that the implementation of the curriculum is already proper, and aspects of curriculum relevant to the needs of the field in the very good category; (2) the advantages of the curriculum that the curriculum has competitive advantages that generally involve; and (3) the things that need to be strengthened include several things such as (1) the need to balance the weight and content of courses, (2) the need for expansion of practicum subjects and the provision of tools, (3) the necessity of conducting prerequisite courses, and (4) the pattern thesis guidance which is further intensified. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengetahui relevansi kurikulum prodi sejarah dengan kebutuhan lapangan, (2) mengetahui kelebihan kurikulum prodi yang ada, dan 3) mengetahui konten apa yang perlu diperkuat dalam program kurikulum di Indonesia. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan campuran. Sedangkan strategi yang digunakan adalah penelitian yang telah direncanakan secara rinci dalam proposal sebelum peneliti terjun ke lapangan, strategi yang cocok adalah penelitian tertanam. Hasil penelitian adalah: (1) relevansi menunjukkan bahwa secara keseluruhan isi kurikulum program studi termasuk dalam kategori sangat baik atau memiliki bobot yang baik; aspek implementasi kurikulum sebesar 4,09 yang menunjukkan bahwa implementasi kurikulum sudah tepat, dan aspek kurikulum relevan dengan kebutuhan lapangan dalam kategori sangat baik; (2) keunggulan kurikulum bahwa kurikulum memiliki keunggulan kompetitif yang umumnya menyangkut; dan (3) hal-hal yang perlu diperkuat meliputi beberapa hal seperti (1) perlunya keseimbangan bobot dan isi mata kuliah, (2) perlunya perluasan mata kuliah praktikum dan penyediaan alat, (3) perlunya penyelenggaraan mata kuliah prasyarat, dan (4) pola bimbingan skripsi yang semakin diintensifkan. Cite this article: Setiawan, R., Aman. (2022). The Evaluation of the History Education Curriculum in Higher Education. Paramita: Historical Studies Journal, 32(2), 263-275. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/paramita.v32i2.34535
{"title":"The Evaluation of the History Education Curriculum in Higher Education","authors":"Risky Setiawan, A. Aman","doi":"10.15294/paramita.v32i2.34535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/paramita.v32i2.34535","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to: (1) find out the relevance of the history study program curriculum to the field needs, (2) find out the advantages of the current program curriculum, and 3) find out what content needs to be strengthened in the curriculum program in Indonesia. This research method uses mixed approaches. While the strategy used is that the research has been planned in detail in the proposal before the researcher goes into the field, the suitable strategy is embedded research. The results of the study are: (1) the relevance shows that overall the curriculum content of the program is included in the excellent category or has a good weight; aspects of curriculum implementation amounting to 4.09 which shows that the implementation of the curriculum is already proper, and aspects of curriculum relevant to the needs of the field in the very good category; (2) the advantages of the curriculum that the curriculum has competitive advantages that generally involve; and (3) the things that need to be strengthened include several things such as (1) the need to balance the weight and content of courses, (2) the need for expansion of practicum subjects and the provision of tools, (3) the necessity of conducting prerequisite courses, and (4) the pattern thesis guidance which is further intensified. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengetahui relevansi kurikulum prodi sejarah dengan kebutuhan lapangan, (2) mengetahui kelebihan kurikulum prodi yang ada, dan 3) mengetahui konten apa yang perlu diperkuat dalam program kurikulum di Indonesia. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan campuran. Sedangkan strategi yang digunakan adalah penelitian yang telah direncanakan secara rinci dalam proposal sebelum peneliti terjun ke lapangan, strategi yang cocok adalah penelitian tertanam. Hasil penelitian adalah: (1) relevansi menunjukkan bahwa secara keseluruhan isi kurikulum program studi termasuk dalam kategori sangat baik atau memiliki bobot yang baik; aspek implementasi kurikulum sebesar 4,09 yang menunjukkan bahwa implementasi kurikulum sudah tepat, dan aspek kurikulum relevan dengan kebutuhan lapangan dalam kategori sangat baik; (2) keunggulan kurikulum bahwa kurikulum memiliki keunggulan kompetitif yang umumnya menyangkut; dan (3) hal-hal yang perlu diperkuat meliputi beberapa hal seperti (1) perlunya keseimbangan bobot dan isi mata kuliah, (2) perlunya perluasan mata kuliah praktikum dan penyediaan alat, (3) perlunya penyelenggaraan mata kuliah prasyarat, dan (4) pola bimbingan skripsi yang semakin diintensifkan. Cite this article: Setiawan, R., Aman. (2022). The Evaluation of the History Education Curriculum in Higher Education. Paramita: Historical Studies Journal, 32(2), 263-275. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/paramita.v32i2.34535 ","PeriodicalId":30724,"journal":{"name":"Paramita Historical Studies Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48065726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: This study aims to explore sociodemographic and clinical factors affecting medication adherence in adults with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder and elicit dysfunctional domains and comorbidities with a focus on gender differences.
Methods: Patients were recruited from 2 specialty clinics using chart records in a natural treatment design. Adult attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder self-report scale, Diagnostic Interview for attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder in adults, was applied. Adherence is defined if the patient declared ≥80% adherence to medication throughout the last 8-12 weeks.
Results: From 205 attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder patients (male = 112 female = 93 (age (median) min-max = 29 (18-56)), 29% were non-adherent to attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder medication. In the multivariate analysis, having 2 or more comorbid disorders (P = .009), dysfunctions in academic/work (P = .049), and dysfunctions in family and other relationships (P = .047) increased the likelihood of adherence. Adherence rates did not significantly differ between methylphenidate and atomoxetine (P = .405). Women were more likely to have 2 or more comorbid psychiatric disorders (P = .004) and dysfunctions in social relationships (P = .001), free time activities, hobbies (P < .001), self-confidence, and self-image (P < .001).
Results: Nearly one-third of adult patients with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder did not adhere to medication treatment. Comorbid psychiatric disorders and dysfunctions in life domains appear to increase the likelihood of adherence to attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder medications, possibly through increasing motivation for treatment. The effect of cognitive-behavioral therapy on compliance with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder medication should further be explored with prospective controlled studies.
Conclusion: We suggest that future longitudinal studies use objective measures of adherence and confirm the role of dysfunctional life domains and comorbid psychiatric disorders as correlates of medication adherence.
{"title":"Sociodemographic and Clinical Factors Affecting Treatment Adherence in Adults with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder.","authors":"Arzu Erkan, Özge Kılıç, Bengi Semerci","doi":"10.5152/pcp.2022.21156","DOIUrl":"10.5152/pcp.2022.21156","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aims to explore sociodemographic and clinical factors affecting medication adherence in adults with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder and elicit dysfunctional domains and comorbidities with a focus on gender differences.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients were recruited from 2 specialty clinics using chart records in a natural treatment design. Adult attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder self-report scale, Diagnostic Interview for attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder in adults, was applied. Adherence is defined if the patient declared ≥80% adherence to medication throughout the last 8-12 weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 205 attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder patients (male = 112 female = 93 (age (median) min-max = 29 (18-56)), 29% were non-adherent to attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder medication. In the multivariate analysis, having 2 or more comorbid disorders (<i>P</i> = .009), dysfunctions in academic/work (<i>P</i> = .049), and dysfunctions in family and other relationships (<i>P</i> = .047) increased the likelihood of adherence. Adherence rates did not significantly differ between methylphenidate and atomoxetine (<i>P</i> = .405). Women were more likely to have 2 or more comorbid psychiatric disorders (<i>P</i> = .004) and dysfunctions in social relationships (<i>P</i> = .001), free time activities, hobbies (<i>P</i> < .001), self-confidence, and self-image (<i>P</i> < .001).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nearly one-third of adult patients with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder did not adhere to medication treatment. Comorbid psychiatric disorders and dysfunctions in life domains appear to increase the likelihood of adherence to attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder medications, possibly through increasing motivation for treatment. The effect of cognitive-behavioral therapy on compliance with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder medication should further be explored with prospective controlled studies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We suggest that future longitudinal studies use objective measures of adherence and confirm the role of dysfunctional life domains and comorbid psychiatric disorders as correlates of medication adherence.</p>","PeriodicalId":30724,"journal":{"name":"Paramita Historical Studies Journal","volume":"26 1","pages":"107-117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11099627/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89154152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-18DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v32i1.31389
Ibnu Sodiq, Eko Santoso
This study aims to describe the history of the dynamic relationship between Chinese and Javanese in Parakan, Temanggung Regency, Central Java. The method used is the historical research method which consists of four stages. These are heuristics, source criticism, interpretation and historiography. The study used qualitative analysis with a phenomenological approach. The ethnic Chinese-Javanese relationship in Parakan had ups and downs, especially during the colonial period until after the G30S incident. As a minority group, the Chinese were often racially discriminated against. Discrimination and negative sentiment are also driven by the inequality of socio-economic conditions between Chinese-Javanese. Moreover, the state, through various regulations, has contributed to strengthening this segregation, in the form of space politics and policies. That is, Parakan City is divided into two sub-districts, Parakan Kulon (Kauman) and Parakan Wetan (Chinatown). The colonial government also contributed to the existence of a different socio-economic stratification, prioritizing the ethnic Chinese as a higher stratum. This construction was preserved until the New Order era. These differences created disharmonious relationship, often ending in conflict. Moreover, the exclusive and elitist attitude were held by most of the ethnic Chinese. Some of these things eventually become the inhibiting factors for the integration process of perfect segregation. In the end, the eternal Javanese sentiment with the Chinese ethnicity hindered the process of recognizing the same national identity. Even there is an integration effort.Penelitian ini bertujuan mengurai sejarah dinamika hubungan etnis Tionghoa dengan masyarakat Jawa di Parakan, Kabupaten Temanggung, Jawa Tengah. Metode yang digunakan ialah metode penelitian sejarah yang terdiri dari empat tahapan. Yakni heuristik, kritik sumber, interpretasi dan historiografi. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Hubungan etnis Tionghoa-Jawa di Parakan mengalami pasang surut dari masa ke masa, terutama periode kolonial hingga pasca peristiwa G 30 S. Sebagai kelompok minoritas, etnis Tionghoa acapkali mengalami diskriminasi rasial. Diskriminasi dan sentimen negatif juga didorong adanya ketimpangan kondisi sosial-ekonomi antara Thionghoa-Jawa. Terlebih negara, melalui berbagai regulasi turut mengokohkan segregasi tersebut dalam bentuk politik ruang dan kebijakan. Bentuknya, Kota Parakan dibagi menjadi dua wilayah yaitu kelurahan Parakan Kulon (Kauman) dan Parakan Wetan (Pecinan). Pemerintah colonial juga turut membidani lahirnya stratifikasi social-ekonomi yang berbeda di antara keduanya, dengan memprioritas etnis Tionghoa sebagai strata yang lebih tinggi. Konstruksi yang demikian ini dikekalkan hingga masa pemerintahan orde baru. Berbagai perbedaan ini yang membuat ketidakharmonisan hubungan keduanya seringkali memuncak dalam bentuk konflik. Terlebih, adanya sikap eksklusif dan elitis yan
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Pub Date : 2022-04-18DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v32i1.32171
Arif Akhyat
This paper explains subject–object relations in Max Weber's idealist-structural concept. A sociologist and philosopher of history, Weber argued that social change cannot be separated from structural and dialectic thought as well as the ideal type behind its structural creations. Examining various historical cases offers a perspective on objectivity and subjectivity. Subject– object relations create dialectical relationships that reconstruct knowledge and awareness of historical reality. Historical reality, thus, is the final step in the creation of knowledge that comes from the subject. The paper seeks to understand how Weber's concept of ideal type has influenced historical philosophy in general and Indonesian historiography in particular. This article concludes that historians no longer simply describe and explain facts, but also provide alternative "new constructions": ethical, moral, and superstructural values that determine historical patterns and trends.Tulisan ini menjelaskan relasi subjek-objek dalam konsep structural-idealisme Weber. Sebagai sosiolog dan filsuf sejarah, Weber berargumentasi bahwa perubahan social terjadi sebagai akibat hubungan struktur dan proses-proses dialektik sebagai bentuk idealisme dibalik semua proses social yang terjadi. Relasi subjektivitas dan objektivitas membentuk struktur dialektik yang kemudian memunculkan pengetahuan tentang apa yang disebut realitas sejarah. Realitas sejarah dengan demikian merupakan proses pengetahuan yang dibentuk dari relasi subjektivitas-objektivitas. Tulisan ini menjelaskan bagaimana konsep Ideal Weber itu dipahami dan pengaruhnya terhadap penulisan sejarah Indonesia? Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa sejarawan Indonesia, langsung atau tidak langsung, menggunakan konsep ideal Weber dalam karyanya yang tidak hanya berbicara deskripsi dan narasi dalam menjelaskan sejarah, namun ada konstruksi baru pengaruh nilai-nilai, etika dan suprastruktur yang kuat dan menjadi cara menentukan pola dan kecendrungan sejarah.Cite this article: Akyat, A. (2022). Weber’s Ideal Type and the Indonesian Historical Writing. Paramita: Historical Studies Journal, 32(1), 86-96. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/paramita.v32i1.32171
本文阐述了马克思·韦伯理想主义结构概念中的主客体关系。作为社会学家和历史哲学家，韦伯认为社会变革离不开结构思维和辩证法思维，也离不开其结构创造背后的理想类型。考察不同的历史案例提供了客观和主观的视角。主客体关系创造了辩证关系，重构了对历史现实的认识和认识。因此，历史现实是创造来自主体的知识的最后一步。本文试图了解韦伯的理想类型概念如何影响历史哲学，特别是印度尼西亚史学。本文的结论是，历史学家不再简单地描述和解释事实，而且还提供了另一种“新结构”:决定历史模式和趋势的伦理、道德和上层建筑价值观。结构唯心主义韦伯。社会学和社会学，韦伯的论点是社会学和社会学，社会学和社会学，社会学和社会学，社会学和社会学，社会学和社会学，社会学和社会学。放松，主体性，客体性，主体性，主体性，主体性，主体性，主体性，主体性，主体性，主体性，主体性，主体性，主体性，主体性，主体性，主体性，主体性，主体性，主体性，主体性Realitas sejarah dengan demikian merupakan proproas pengetahuan yang dibentuk dari relas主客观活动。理想的韦伯是dipahami danpengaruhnya terhadap penulisan sejarah印度尼西亚?印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚。引用本文:Akyat, A.(2022)。韦伯的理想类型与印尼历史写作。历史研究，32(1)，86-96。http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/paramita.v32i1.32171
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Pub Date : 2022-04-18DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v32i1.31124
Hieronymus Purwanta
This study aims to analyze Indonesian historiography for education from a methodological perspective. The main problem raised was what historical narratives are suitable for the Indonesia as a multiethnic state? This research analyzes the historiography for education published along the New Order period (1967-1998) to the Reformation era (1998-now). The approach used was hermeneutic developed by Heidegger and Gadamer. They view that an audience is a crucial person in interpreting historical narrative. The historiographical study results indicate that the historical narrative developed did not represent objective, deterministic, and monolithic. This study not only criticized the Indonesian history narrative that was published but also offered the use of Inter-Ethnics Relations and 'History from within' approach as the solution. The inter-Ethnics Relations approach highlights the intensity of positive interactions between ethnics to eliminate prejudice and conflict. On the other hand, history from within approach makes historical events understood as representations of the socio-cultural system. Historical action is interpreted and understood as an effort to realize the ideal life order under historical actors' values and culture. Through these two approaches, the historical narrative makes sense for people from all ethnicities as citizens of the Indonesia.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis historiografi Indonesia untuk pendidikan dari perspektif metodologis. Masalah utama yang diangkat adalah narasi sejarah apa yang cocok untuk Indonesia sebagai negara multietnis? Penelitian ini menganalisis historiografi pendidikan yang diterbitkan pada masa Orde Baru (1967-1998) hingga era Reformasi (1998-sekarang). Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah hermeneutik yang dikembangkan oleh Heidegger dan Gadamer. Mereka memandang bahwa penonton adalah orang yang sangat penting dalam menafsirkan narasi sejarah. Hasil kajian historiografis menunjukkan bahwa narasi sejarah yang dikembangkan tidak merepresentasikan objektif, deterministik, dan monolitik. Kajian ini tidak hanya mengkritisi narasi sejarah Indonesia yang diterbitkan tetapi juga menawarkan penggunaan Hubungan Antar Etnis dan pendekatan 'Sejarah dari dalam' sebagai solusinya. Pendekatan Hubungan Antar Etnis menyoroti intensitas interaksi positif antar etnis untuk menghilangkan prasangka dan konflik. Di sisi lain, pendekatan sejarah dari dalam membuat peristiwa sejarah dipahami sebagai representasi dari sistem sosial budaya. Tindakan sejarah dimaknai dan dipahami sebagai upaya mewujudkan tatanan kehidupan yang ideal di bawah nilai dan budaya pelaku sejarah. Melalui dua pendekatan ini, narasi sejarah masuk akal bagi orang-orang dari semua etnis sebagai warga negara Indonesia.Cite this article: Purwanta, H. (2022). The Historical Narrative for Indonesia as A Multiethnic State: A Methodological Exploration. Paramita: Historical Studies Journal, 32(1), 117-126. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/paramita.v32i1.31124
{"title":"The Historical Narrative for Indonesia as A Multiethnic State: A Methodological Exploration","authors":"Hieronymus Purwanta","doi":"10.15294/paramita.v32i1.31124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/paramita.v32i1.31124","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to analyze Indonesian historiography for education from a methodological perspective. The main problem raised was what historical narratives are suitable for the Indonesia as a multiethnic state? This research analyzes the historiography for education published along the New Order period (1967-1998) to the Reformation era (1998-now). The approach used was hermeneutic developed by Heidegger and Gadamer. They view that an audience is a crucial person in interpreting historical narrative. The historiographical study results indicate that the historical narrative developed did not represent objective, deterministic, and monolithic. This study not only criticized the Indonesian history narrative that was published but also offered the use of Inter-Ethnics Relations and 'History from within' approach as the solution. The inter-Ethnics Relations approach highlights the intensity of positive interactions between ethnics to eliminate prejudice and conflict. On the other hand, history from within approach makes historical events understood as representations of the socio-cultural system. Historical action is interpreted and understood as an effort to realize the ideal life order under historical actors' values and culture. Through these two approaches, the historical narrative makes sense for people from all ethnicities as citizens of the Indonesia.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis historiografi Indonesia untuk pendidikan dari perspektif metodologis. Masalah utama yang diangkat adalah narasi sejarah apa yang cocok untuk Indonesia sebagai negara multietnis? Penelitian ini menganalisis historiografi pendidikan yang diterbitkan pada masa Orde Baru (1967-1998) hingga era Reformasi (1998-sekarang). Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah hermeneutik yang dikembangkan oleh Heidegger dan Gadamer. Mereka memandang bahwa penonton adalah orang yang sangat penting dalam menafsirkan narasi sejarah. Hasil kajian historiografis menunjukkan bahwa narasi sejarah yang dikembangkan tidak merepresentasikan objektif, deterministik, dan monolitik. Kajian ini tidak hanya mengkritisi narasi sejarah Indonesia yang diterbitkan tetapi juga menawarkan penggunaan Hubungan Antar Etnis dan pendekatan 'Sejarah dari dalam' sebagai solusinya. Pendekatan Hubungan Antar Etnis menyoroti intensitas interaksi positif antar etnis untuk menghilangkan prasangka dan konflik. Di sisi lain, pendekatan sejarah dari dalam membuat peristiwa sejarah dipahami sebagai representasi dari sistem sosial budaya. Tindakan sejarah dimaknai dan dipahami sebagai upaya mewujudkan tatanan kehidupan yang ideal di bawah nilai dan budaya pelaku sejarah. Melalui dua pendekatan ini, narasi sejarah masuk akal bagi orang-orang dari semua etnis sebagai warga negara Indonesia.Cite this article: Purwanta, H. (2022). The Historical Narrative for Indonesia as A Multiethnic State: A Methodological Exploration. Paramita: Historical Studies Journal, 32(1), 117-126. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/paramita.v32i1.31124","PeriodicalId":30724,"journal":{"name":"Paramita Historical Studies Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48289112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-18DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v32i1.31277
H. Widjaja
This article discusses the history of jatropha in Indonesia, an oil producing plant, which was praised globally as a miracle crop in the first decade of 2000s. After its recent global failure, scientists started to acknowledge the existing insufficient knowledge about this crop. While many current studies on jatropha are focusing on the agronomic, socio-economic and technical aspects of this plant, little effort has been dedicated to explore its historical aspect. This article will specifically contribute to address the absence of clear historical reconstruction of jatropha in Indonesia. The reconstruction is important to present the actual history of the past regarding the cultivation and the application of jatropha. This article addresses the following questions: Have the cultivation and application of jatropha curcas as biofuel been taken place since the Japanese administration period in Indonesia? If not, what was the actual history of biofuel crop cultivation and application at that period of time? How did the popular claims on jatropha history link to the creation of Jatropha hype? The answers of the questions are essential to understand why until today little experiences, knowledge and technologies are available on the ground for both jatropha cultivation and oil processing either at the farm level and industrial scale.Artikel ini membahas tentang sejarah jarak pagar di Indonesia, tanaman penghasil minyak yang dipuji secara global sebagai tanaman ajaib pada dekade pertama tahun 2000-an. Setelah kegagalan global baru-baru ini, para ilmuwan mulai mengakui kurangnya pengetahuan yang ada tentang tanaman ini. Sementara banyak penelitian terkini tentang jarak yang berfokus pada aspek agronomi, sosial-ekonomi dan teknis tanaman ini, sedikit upaya telah didedikasikan untuk mengeksplorasi aspek sejarahnya. Artikel ini secara khusus akan memberikan kontribusi untuk menjawab tidak adanya rekonstruksi sejarah jarak pagar yang jelas di Indonesia. Rekonstruksi ini penting untuk menyajikan sejarah aktual masa lalu mengenai budidaya dan penerapan jarak pagar. Artikel ini menjawab pertanyaan-pertanyaan berikut: Apakah budidaya dan penerapan jarak pagar sebagai bahan bakar nabati sudah dilakukan sejak masa pemerintahan Jepang di Indonesia? Jika tidak, bagaimana sebenarnya sejarah budidaya dan aplikasi tanaman biofuel pada periode tersebut? Bagaimana klaim populer tentang sejarah jarak pagar terkait dengan penciptaan hype jarak pagar? Jawaban dari pertanyaan-pertanyaan tersebut sangat penting untuk memahami mengapa sampai saat ini hanya sedikit pengalaman, pengetahuan dan teknologi yang tersedia di lapangan baik untuk budidaya jarak pagar maupun pengolahan minyak baik di tingkat petani maupun skala industri.Cite this article: Widjaja, H. (2022). Reconstructing the History of Jatropha Introduction and Commoditization in Indonesia. Paramita: Historical Studies Journal, 32(1), 57-66. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/paramita.v32i1.31277
这篇文章讨论了麻疯树在印度尼西亚的历史，麻疯树是一种产油植物，在本世纪头十年被全球誉为奇迹作物。在它最近的全球失败之后，科学家们开始承认目前对这种作物的认识不足。虽然目前许多关于麻疯树的研究都集中在这种植物的农艺、社会经济和技术方面，但很少有人致力于探索它的历史方面。这篇文章将特别有助于解决印尼麻疯树缺乏明确的历史重建。重建对呈现麻疯树栽培和应用的真实历史具有重要意义。本文讨论了以下问题:自日本统治时期以来，印度尼西亚是否已经开始种植和应用麻疯树作为生物燃料?如果不是，那么当时生物燃料作物种植和应用的实际历史是怎样的?关于麻疯树历史的流行说法是如何与麻疯树炒作的产生联系起来的?这些问题的答案对于理解为什么直到今天在农场层面和工业规模上麻风树种植和油加工方面几乎没有经验、知识和技术是至关重要的。Artikel - ini成员在印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚，印度尼西亚。Setelah kegagalan全球baru-baru ini, para ilmuwan mulai mengakui kurangnya pengetahuan yang ada tententanaman ini。Sementara banyak penelitian terkini tentang jarak yang berfkus pada讲农学，社会经济学和teknis tanaman ini, sedikit upaya telah didedikkaskan untuk mengeksplorasi讲sejarahnya。Artikel ini secara khusus akan成员，kontribusi untuk menjab, adanya rekonstruksi, sejarah, jarak pagar yang jelas di印度尼西亚。在日本，有一件事是不可能发生的，那就是在日本，有一件事是不可能发生的。我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，我是说，Jika tidak, bagaimana sebenarya sejarah budidaya和应用tanaman生物燃料的周期terterbut ?Bagaimana声称流行的人，tentang sejarah jarak pagar terkaan penpentaan hype jarak pagar?我的翻译是:我的翻译是:我的翻译是:我的翻译是:我的翻译是:我的翻译是:我的翻译是:我的翻译是:我的翻译是:我的翻译是:我的翻译是:我的翻译是:引用本文:Widjaja, H.(2022)。重建印尼麻疯树引种与商品化的历史。历史研究，32(1)，57-66。http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/paramita.v32i1.31277
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