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Philosophical Values and Local Wisdom in Java Panggih Traditional Ceremony Language 爪哇邦吉传统仪式语言的哲学价值与地方智慧
Pub Date : 2018-10-16 DOI: 10.14710/parole.v7i2.93
Septin Lovenia Indrati
Traditional ceremony is currently displaced by the development of the times and technological advances. Society in general no longer understand the value of philosophy and local wisdom in traditional ceremonies. One of the traditional ceremonies that is currently faded is a traditional ceremony of calling. In this paper will be discussed how the value of philosophy and local wisdom Javanese traditional ceremonies is represented. The data were taken from the wedding ceremony especially the panggih session. They were taken using observation and analyzed with referential technique. The result shows that in panggih, we can find some philosophical values and local wisdom like in marriage, the couple must have good relationship and communication, and are equal. They have responsibilities and love each other. The local wisdom contained in the panggih ceremony is balangan gantal sirih, wijik dadi, kacar-kucur or tampa kaya, dhahar klimah, and sungkeman
随着时代的发展和技术的进步,传统的仪式正在被取代。社会普遍不再理解传统仪式中哲学和地方智慧的价值。传统仪式之一是传统的召唤仪式,目前正在消失。本文将讨论爪哇传统仪式的哲学价值和地方智慧是如何体现的。数据取自婚礼仪式,尤其是panggih阶段。采用观察法,参照技术进行分析。结果表明,在邦吉,我们可以找到一些哲学价值观和地方智慧,比如在婚姻中,夫妻必须有良好的关系和沟通,是平等的。他们有责任,彼此相爱。panggih仪式中包含的当地智慧是balangan gantal sirih, wijik dadi, kacar-kucur或tampa kaya, dhahar klimah和sungkeman
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引用次数: 3
Needs Analysis on the Problems of Islamic Economics Students in Learning ESP at State College of Islamic Studies (STAIN) Pekalongan 北卡隆岸国立伊斯兰学院伊斯兰经济学专业学生ESP学习问题的需求分析
Pub Date : 2018-10-16 DOI: 10.14710/PAROLE.V7I2.79
Jaya Jaya, Agus Subiyanto
This paper aims to discuss the needs analysis on the problems of Islamic Economics students in learning ESP at STAIN Pekalongan. This study involved 41 students and 3 teachers as the subjects. The data in this research were analyzed by using SPSS program. The data used in this paper were taken from questionnaires given to the students and interviews of some lecturers. The method applied to investigate students’ problems in learning ESP was quantitative method and qualitative design in order to get reliable and valid interpretation of data analysis. The result shows that ESP problems include vocabulary (42.0%), course contents (22.0%), and grammar (12.0%). The result from the questionnaires show that the first problems are related to limited vocabulary (40.0%), lacks of students’ language skills (24.4%), and boring classes (14.4%). Some students also believe that 7.8% of problems are related to teaching materials (course contents) that the lecturers used, which are not suitable with their needs, and finally, the incompatibility of the lecturers, including difficult materials (6.7%).
本文旨在探讨伊斯兰经济学专业学生在佩斯卡隆岸学院学习ESP存在的问题的需求分析。本研究以41名学生和3名教师为研究对象。本研究数据采用SPSS软件进行分析。本文使用的数据来自于对学生的问卷调查和对一些讲师的访谈。为了对数据分析得到可靠有效的解释,对学生ESP学习中存在的问题进行了定量分析和定性设计。结果显示,ESP问题包括词汇(42.0%)、课程内容(22.0%)和语法(12.0%)。问卷调查结果显示,第一个问题是词汇量有限(40.0%),其次是学生缺乏语言技能(24.4%),课程枯燥(14.4%)。也有学生认为,7.8%的问题与讲师使用的教材(课程内容)不适合自己的需要有关,最后是讲师的不配合,包括教材难度大(6.7%)。
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引用次数: 3
Interruptions and Silences in Conversations: A Turn-Taking Analysis 对话中的中断和沉默:一种轮流分析
Pub Date : 2018-10-16 DOI: 10.14710/PAROLE.V7I2.64
Agustina Lestary, Ninuk Krismanti, Yulieda Hermaniar
This study is set to investigate the purposes behind interruptions and the meanings of silences in conversations. The data are taken from three casual conversations among friends. To analyze the data, the recorded conversations are first transcribed based on Jefferson’s the Glossary of Transcript Symbols (Jefferson, 2004). The transcribed conversations are analyzed using turn-taking approach in Conversation Analysis. To interpret the results of analysis, inferential method is applied. As the findings, the writers find that speakers interrupt for two purposes: to complete turns and to cut them. To go deeper, speakers interrupt when they have shared knowledge and/or similar perspective on something. In terms of silence, the meanings behind it are highly dependent on what are uttered prior to or after the occurrence of silence. Silences can indicate topic switch, speaker’s wish to continue the same topic, and disagreement. In a conversation, silences lead to awkward situations among speakers and show troubles in conversation flows.
这项研究旨在调查谈话中打断的目的和沉默的意义。这些数据来自朋友之间的三次随意谈话。为了分析数据,首先根据Jefferson的《Transcript Symbols Glossary》(Jefferson, 2004)对记录的对话进行转录。运用会话分析中的轮流分析方法对转录的会话进行分析。为了解释分析结果,采用了推理方法。根据研究结果,作者发现说话者打断有两个目的:完成转折和切断转折。更深入地说,演讲者在分享知识和/或类似观点时打断别人。就沉默而言,其背后的含义高度依赖于沉默发生之前或之后所说的话。沉默可以表明话题的转换,说话者希望继续同一话题,以及不同意。在谈话中,沉默会导致说话者之间的尴尬局面,并显示出谈话流程中的问题。
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引用次数: 10
Typology and Feature Checking of Wh-Questions “wh”问题的类型与特征检验
Pub Date : 2018-10-01 DOI: 10.14710/PAROLE.V7I1.23-34
Daoshan Ma
From  the  perspective  of  the  syntactic  behavior  of  wh-questions,  natural languages can be classified into four types: Null Spec Language, Single Filled Spec  Language,  Multiply  Filled  Spec  Language  and  Non-Multiply  Filled Spec Language. Data were collected according to the relevance to the present research  from  each  representative  of  the  four  types  of  languages,  namely, Chinese, English, Bulgarian and Czech. Some of the data in the thesis were taken from the previous literature. Others were from self-introspection. The collected data were analyzed from the point of typology and feature checking. Feature checking in wh-questions of these four types of languages seem to be operated quite differently. Pied-piping of the formal features of the wh-words or  wh-phrases  occur  in  English,  Bulgarian  and  Czech  but  not  in  Chinese. However, feature movement in wh-questions of these four types of languages is universal. This finding proves Chomsky’s biological linguistic belief that language is mainly an optimal solution to conditions it must satisfy.
从wh-question的句法行为来看,自然语言可以分为四种类型:零填充语言、单填充语言、多填充语言和非多填充语言。根据与本研究的相关性,从四种语言(即汉语、英语、保加利亚语和捷克语)的每一种代表中收集数据。论文中的一些数据摘自以前的文献。另一些则来自自我反省。对收集到的数据进行类型学分析和特征检查。这四种语言的特性签入问题似乎有很大的不同。英语、保加利亚语和捷克语中出现了“wh”字或“wh”短语的形式特征,但汉语中没有。然而,这四种语言在“谁”问题中的特征移动是普遍存在的。这一发现证明了乔姆斯基的生物语言学信念,即语言主要是对它必须满足的条件的最优解决方案。
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引用次数: 2
Cirebon Language Honorific: Communication Ethnography Study on Pembatik Community in West Cirebon 西里本语敬语:西西里本彭巴提克社区的传播民族志研究
Pub Date : 2018-10-01 DOI: 10.14710/parole.v7i1.1-12
Wiwiek Afifah
This naturalistic qualitative research attempts to reveal the use of honorific in West Cirebon. The research focus relies on the three aspects: (1) linguistic forms for honorific, (2) influencing factors, and (3) the principles underlie the used of the language. The data sources taken to this research are from men and  women  whose  professions  are  ‘pembatik’  and  who  live  in  Kalitengah kecamatan Tengahtani, West Cirebon of West Java. The research found that (1) the honorific forms for the address terms consist of words and phrases; (2) based on their culture and custom, the adreess terms used by the local society comprises of five areas such as; (a) personal address terms, (b) relative, (c) occupation,  (d)  title  both  for  academic  and  non-academic  degree,  and  (e) religious address terms. The factors influencing the use of the terms are social factors such as education degree, age, and economic level and situational, and situational factors which refers to with whom they talk to, what language used in the communication, the setting of the communication, as well as the topic talked  by  them;  3)  the  underlied  principles  are  the  willingness  to  make  a friendly communication and to show respect. 
本自然主义定性研究试图揭示西语敬语的使用。研究重点集中在三个方面:(1)敬语的语言形式;(2)敬语的影响因素;(3)敬语的使用原则。本研究的数据来源来自居住在西爪哇省西省Kalitengah kecamatan Tengahtani的职业为“蜡染”的男性和女性。研究发现:(1)称呼语的敬语形式由词和短语组成;(2)根据当地的文化和习俗,当地社会使用的称呼用语包括以下五个方面;(a)个人称呼,(b)亲属称呼,(c)职业称呼,(d)学术和非学术学位的头衔称呼,以及(e)宗教称呼。影响词汇使用的因素有社会因素(如受教育程度、年龄、经济水平)和情境因素(如与谁交谈、使用什么语言、交流的环境、谈论的话题等);3)基本原则是愿意进行友好的沟通,并表示尊重。
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引用次数: 1
How Do You Comprehend Tahilalats Comic? 你如何理解塔希拉拉特的漫画?
Pub Date : 2018-10-01 DOI: 10.14710/PAROLE.V7I1.35-43
Herlandri Eka Jayaputri
This  study  discusses  the  use  of  the  cooperative  principles  and  the conversational  implicatures  in  Nurfadli  Mursyid’s  Tahilalats  comic. Tahilalats is one comedy comic in Line Webtoon. The comic contains four panels in each episode, and its stories concern social phenomena. However, the readers said that Tahilalats comic was difficult to understand. This was the reason the writer conducted this study, which was an analysis of the use of the cooperative principle in Tahilalats comic. The study aimed at finding the  forms  of  conversational  implicature  and  describing  the  functions  of conversational  implicature  in  the  comic.  This  study  was  focused  on  30 episodes of the comic, and to collect the data the writer used simak and catat techniques  (Sudaryanto,  1993).  The  results  are  related  to  the  cooperative principle and the conversational implicature. The violation or compliance of the cooperative principles can describe the implicatures in the conversation. The uses of both produce humorous effects because these potentially lead the reader to misunderstand the comic when reading explicitly. However, reading the comic further, the reader will understand the implicit meanings.
本研究探讨了Nurfadli Mursyid的《Tahilalats》漫画中合作原则的运用及其对话含义。Tahilalats是Line web卡通中的一部喜剧漫画。该漫画每集包含四个面板,其故事涉及社会现象。然而,读者们表示,塔希拉拉特的漫画很难理解。这就是作者进行这项研究的原因,这是对Tahilalats漫画中合作原则的使用的分析。本研究旨在寻找对话暗示的形式,并描述对话暗示在漫画中的功能。这项研究的重点是30集的漫画,并收集数据的作者使用simak和catat技术(Sudaryanto, 1993)。结果与合作原则和会话含义有关。违反或遵守合作原则可以描述对话中的含义。两者的使用都会产生幽默效果,因为这可能会导致读者在明确阅读时误解漫画。然而,进一步阅读漫画,读者就会理解其中隐含的含义。
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引用次数: 2
Generic Structure and Cohesive Devices: A Study on the Final Project Report Presentation of the Accounting Students of Polines Semarang 通则结构与衔接手段:三宝良中学会计系学生期末专题报告撰写研究
Pub Date : 2018-09-27 DOI: 10.14710/PAROLE.V6I2.27-40
Suko Raharjo, Deli Nirmala
This study examines the generic structure and cohesive devices in the Final Project Report (FPR) presentation delivered in English by the Accounting students of Polines. Fourteen randomly selected subjects (10% of the third graders’ population) were involved and audio-recorded during their presentation. The recordings were then transcribed and analyzed using a descriptive-interpretative method. The result shows that the generic structure most presenters used was Greeting and Salutation–Self Introduction–Topic Introduction–Body–Summary–Conclusion, in which the Body mostly consists of Background or Object of the Study, Problem Statement, Aims of the Study, Research Method, and Results and Discussion, and the Summary consists of Conclusion and Suggestion. The major cohesive devices employed were conjunctives of Textual, hypotactic and paratactic types, referents of exophoric and anaphoric types, and repetition as part of lexical cohesion. The transition of stages was marked mostly with referents and specific lexical items. This study may contribute to teaching public speaking of the university students especially in presentation.
本研究考察了波兰政治学院会计系学生的期末项目报告(FPR)的一般结构和衔接手段。随机选择14名受试者(占三年级学生总数的10%)参与其中,并在他们的演讲过程中进行录音。然后将录音转录并使用描述解释方法进行分析。结果表明,演讲者使用最多的一般结构是问候语-自我介绍-话题介绍-主体-总结-结论,其中主体主要由研究背景或研究对象、问题陈述、研究目的、研究方法、结果和讨论组成,总结由结论和建议组成。主要的衔接手段是语篇、形合和意合类型的连接词,外指和回指类型的指称物,以及作为词汇衔接的一部分的重复。阶段的过渡主要以指称物和特定的词汇项目来标记。本研究对大学生公共演讲教学,尤其是演讲教学具有一定的指导意义。
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引用次数: 2
Questioning the Terms: “Regular and Irregular Verbs” in English 英语“规则动词和不规则动词”疑问句
Pub Date : 2018-09-27 DOI: 10.14710/parole.v6i2.14-26
Y. Arief
English verbs have unique inflectional markers which show the past tense. There are two inflectional markers that become the categorization of these verbs. The first marker is the additional morpheme [d] or [ed]. All verbs with this marker are categorized as regular verbs. The second marker is the verb morphophonemic change like the word ‘sing’ [+present] and ‘sang’ [+past]. The verbs of this kind are categorized as irregular’ verbs. Simply, the regular verbs are those whose changes can be morphophonemically predicted while irregular verbs are the ones whose changes are morphophonemically unpredictable. This research is aimed to figure out whether there are morphophonemic inflectional patterns for irregular verbs. This paper is descriptive qualitative research. The data were collected using observation with note taking technique. I analyzed the data using distributional method. The result of the analysis shows that there are four additional sounds added to the ’regular’ verbs such as [d], [t], [ɪd], and [əd]. I also found that the morphophonemic changes in the irregular verbs are influenced by the syllable number, the positions, and the environments of the peak sounds. These findings prove that the term “irregular and regular” is not fully appropriate to classify the verbs.
英语动词有独特的屈折标记,表示过去时。有两个屈折标记成为这些动词的分类。第一个标记是附加的语素[d]或[ed]。所有带有此标记的动词都被归类为规则动词。第二个标记是动词的词素变化,比如“sing”[+现在]和“sang”[+过去]。这类动词被归类为不规则动词。简单地说,规则动词的变化是语音学上可以预测的,而不规则动词的变化是语音学上不可预测的。本研究旨在探讨不规则动词是否存在词素屈折模式。本文是描述性质的研究。数据采集采用记录观察法。我用分布法分析数据。分析结果表明,在规则动词[d]、[t]、[/ d]和[/ d]之外,还有四个额外的音。我还发现不规则动词的语素变化受到音节数、位置和峰值音所处环境的影响。这些发现证明,“不规则和规则”这一术语并不完全适合于对动词进行分类。
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引用次数: 4
The Diversity of Internet Memes Interpretations: A Discourse Analysis of Incongruity of Popular Memes Made by Indonesian Netizen 网络模因解读的多样性:印尼网民流行模因的不一致性话语分析
Pub Date : 2018-09-27 DOI: 10.14710/PAROLE.V6I2.49-61
Rizky Anugrah Putra, Sulis Triyono
In the modern era, human has varied ways to communicate, interact, and express ideas. Using memes is one of contemporary human approaches to sending messages. However, similar to language, they have linguistics rules which have to be obeyed by the user. Memes also have its binding codes which are accepted by the memetic communities. This study is intended to reveal how widespread memes are violated by the netizen since there are diversities in using memes within Indonesian internet communities. To expose the violation phenomenon, the multimodal approach is conducted by using discourse analysis and social semiotics (Chandler, 2013) which focus on observing the visual and textual aspect of favorite memes. The paper claimed, that most of the Indonesian internet communities often force memes and use them in an inappropriate context.
在现代,人类有各种各样的方式来交流、互动和表达思想。使用表情包是当代人类发送信息的一种方式。然而,和语言一样,它们也有使用者必须遵守的语言学规则。模因也有其被模因社区所接受的绑定代码。本研究旨在揭示印尼网络社区内模因使用的多样性,导致网民违反模因的普遍程度。为了揭示这种违反现象,多模态分析方法采用了话语分析和社会符号学(Chandler, 2013),侧重于观察喜爱模因的视觉和文本方面。该报告称,大多数印尼互联网社区经常强迫表情包在不恰当的语境中使用。
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引用次数: 7
Illocution on Speech Acts of Foreign Students in Indonesian Learning 印尼语学习中外国留学生言语行为的言语错位
Pub Date : 2018-09-27 DOI: 10.14710/parole.v6i2.41-48
Latifah Tri Budiasih
This research discusses illocution on speech acts of foreign students in Indonesian Language learning. Illocution is a speech that shows the state of language relating to the situation in general and aims to express something from the speaker to the partner. This research aims to describe the forms of illocution done by the Indonesian Language students. This is a qualitative study. Observation, interviews, and documentation methods are used to collect data. The data are the utterances containing illocutionary force (assertive, declaration, directives, commissive, and expressive) in learning activities. The data source in this research is the speech acts of a foreign student in Indonesian Language learning.
本研究探讨了留学生在印尼语学习中的言语行为。illoction是一种言语,它显示了与一般情况有关的语言状态,旨在从说话者向同伴表达某些东西。本研究旨在描述印尼语学生的口语表达形式。这是一项定性研究。采用观察法、访谈法和文献法收集数据。数据是指在学习活动中含有言外力量的话语(断言、声明、指示、委托和表达)。本研究的数据来源是一名外国留学生在印尼语学习中的言语行为。
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引用次数: 21
期刊
Parole Journal of Linguistics and Education
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