Pub Date : 2007-06-21DOI: 10.1109/MIXDES.2007.4286140
A. Barkalov, L. Titarenko, J. BlEGANOWSKI
The method of optimization of the hardware amount in addressing circuit of compositional microprogram control unit is proposed. Method is based on expansion of the microinstruction format by the field with code of the class of pseudoequivalent operational linear chains. Minimization is reached due to decrease of the number of terms in system of Boolean functions describing the addressing circuit. An example of application of proposed method is shown.
{"title":"Synthesis of Control Unit with Modified Microinstructions","authors":"A. Barkalov, L. Titarenko, J. BlEGANOWSKI","doi":"10.1109/MIXDES.2007.4286140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MIXDES.2007.4286140","url":null,"abstract":"The method of optimization of the hardware amount in addressing circuit of compositional microprogram control unit is proposed. Method is based on expansion of the microinstruction format by the field with code of the class of pseudoequivalent operational linear chains. Minimization is reached due to decrease of the number of terms in system of Boolean functions describing the addressing circuit. An example of application of proposed method is shown.","PeriodicalId":310187,"journal":{"name":"2007 14th International Conference on Mixed Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","volume":"126 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115087596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-21DOI: 10.1109/MIXDES.2007.4286249
R. Kapela, B. Nowakowski, A. Rybarczyk
This work presents the architecture of communication interface between nodes of dedicated cluster (custom computing machine) for electromagnetic field computations by finite elements method. The communication channel is based on LVDS (low voltage differential signaling) standard. Basics modules of transmitter/receiver units are also discussed. In addition paper presents the project of testing board, which will be used for validation tests of proposed communication channel.
{"title":"The Architecture of Communication Channel for Custom Computing Machine Node","authors":"R. Kapela, B. Nowakowski, A. Rybarczyk","doi":"10.1109/MIXDES.2007.4286249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MIXDES.2007.4286249","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents the architecture of communication interface between nodes of dedicated cluster (custom computing machine) for electromagnetic field computations by finite elements method. The communication channel is based on LVDS (low voltage differential signaling) standard. Basics modules of transmitter/receiver units are also discussed. In addition paper presents the project of testing board, which will be used for validation tests of proposed communication channel.","PeriodicalId":310187,"journal":{"name":"2007 14th International Conference on Mixed Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129681440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-21DOI: 10.1109/MIXDES.2007.4286142
W. Kuzmicz, E. Piwowarska, A. Pfitzner, D. Kasprowicz
Static power consumption due to excessive leakage currents is a major problem in CMOS digital ICs with gate lengths of 90 nm and below. In this paper the physics and modelling of these currents is discussed, with special emphasis on variability and its effect on the statistical spread of the static power consumption and total power consumption.
{"title":"Static Power Consumption in Nano-CMOS Circuits: Physics and Modelling","authors":"W. Kuzmicz, E. Piwowarska, A. Pfitzner, D. Kasprowicz","doi":"10.1109/MIXDES.2007.4286142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MIXDES.2007.4286142","url":null,"abstract":"Static power consumption due to excessive leakage currents is a major problem in CMOS digital ICs with gate lengths of 90 nm and below. In this paper the physics and modelling of these currents is discussed, with special emphasis on variability and its effect on the statistical spread of the static power consumption and total power consumption.","PeriodicalId":310187,"journal":{"name":"2007 14th International Conference on Mixed Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129763456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-21DOI: 10.1109/MIXDES.2007.4286240
E. Ergun, M. Ulutaş
A new current-mode low input impedance second order allpass and notch filter with single current follower was proposed in this work. Circuit contains one dual output current-follower, two capacitors and four resistors. Circuit shows a good sensitivity characteristics for all passive components. Filter performance is tested in SPICE simulation with a realised CMOS current follower.
{"title":"Low Input Impedance Current-Mode Allpass and Notch Filter Employing Single Current Follower","authors":"E. Ergun, M. Ulutaş","doi":"10.1109/MIXDES.2007.4286240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MIXDES.2007.4286240","url":null,"abstract":"A new current-mode low input impedance second order allpass and notch filter with single current follower was proposed in this work. Circuit contains one dual output current-follower, two capacitors and four resistors. Circuit shows a good sensitivity characteristics for all passive components. Filter performance is tested in SPICE simulation with a realised CMOS current follower.","PeriodicalId":310187,"journal":{"name":"2007 14th International Conference on Mixed Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116437141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-21DOI: 10.1109/MIXDES.2007.4286199
M. Turowski, A. Raman, G. Jablonski
Single event transient (SET) pulses produced from heavy ion irradiation in digital integrated circuits (ICs) are modeled and analyzed using a mixed-mode approach, that is, three-dimensional (3-D) semiconductor device simulation coupled with a circuit solver. In this paper, we analyze the factors affecting the generation and propagation of digital SET pulses in fast CMOS ICs. Our mixed-mode simulations of various ion strike locations allowed to obtain agreement with measured data and explain the earlier published wide distribution of SET pulse widths created by heavy ion radiation in digital CMOS ICs at a given linear energy transfer (LET) value, which was observed experimentally, but not fully understood. We also indicate that the transient charge-collection current pulse (width and shape) on the struck device node is not directly related to the SET voltage pulse that will propagate through a logic circuit, and therefore current pulses alone should not be treated as a measure of DSET.
{"title":"Mixed-Mode Simulation and Analysis of Digital Single Event Transients in Fast CMOSICs","authors":"M. Turowski, A. Raman, G. Jablonski","doi":"10.1109/MIXDES.2007.4286199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MIXDES.2007.4286199","url":null,"abstract":"Single event transient (SET) pulses produced from heavy ion irradiation in digital integrated circuits (ICs) are modeled and analyzed using a mixed-mode approach, that is, three-dimensional (3-D) semiconductor device simulation coupled with a circuit solver. In this paper, we analyze the factors affecting the generation and propagation of digital SET pulses in fast CMOS ICs. Our mixed-mode simulations of various ion strike locations allowed to obtain agreement with measured data and explain the earlier published wide distribution of SET pulse widths created by heavy ion radiation in digital CMOS ICs at a given linear energy transfer (LET) value, which was observed experimentally, but not fully understood. We also indicate that the transient charge-collection current pulse (width and shape) on the struck device node is not directly related to the SET voltage pulse that will propagate through a logic circuit, and therefore current pulses alone should not be treated as a measure of DSET.","PeriodicalId":310187,"journal":{"name":"2007 14th International Conference on Mixed Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116522613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-21DOI: 10.1109/MIXDES.2007.4286202
J. Pochmara
This paper describes a method for modeling nonlinear power amplifier for RF applications. Presented model is based on the neural network architecture and can be applied to characterize memoryless behaviour of power amplifiers. For simulation we use feed-forward neural network to make a normalized input-output conversion for nonlinear characteristic of power amplifier. The results show that neural network can be a good tool in modeling process of nonlinear components used in RF circuits. The numerical comparison between existing methods (Saleh model) is computed in order to evaluate performance of the proposed model of interpolation of power amplifier nonlinearities.
{"title":"Modeling Power Amplifier Nonlinearities with Artifical Neural Network","authors":"J. Pochmara","doi":"10.1109/MIXDES.2007.4286202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MIXDES.2007.4286202","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a method for modeling nonlinear power amplifier for RF applications. Presented model is based on the neural network architecture and can be applied to characterize memoryless behaviour of power amplifiers. For simulation we use feed-forward neural network to make a normalized input-output conversion for nonlinear characteristic of power amplifier. The results show that neural network can be a good tool in modeling process of nonlinear components used in RF circuits. The numerical comparison between existing methods (Saleh model) is computed in order to evaluate performance of the proposed model of interpolation of power amplifier nonlinearities.","PeriodicalId":310187,"journal":{"name":"2007 14th International Conference on Mixed Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","volume":"42 12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115987653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-21DOI: 10.1109/MIXDES.2007.4286168
R. Dlugosz, K. Iniewski
Multiplexers are one of the most important elements in readout front-end ASICs for multi-element detectors in medical imaging. In the paper a fully asynchronous multiplexer with limited hierarchical de-randomization mechanism has been presented. The hierarchical mechanism prevents collisions in the system, which occur when two or more channels attempts to connect to the output stage. The proposed mechanism enables sequential reading out each of them eliminating that potential collision problem. The results presented in this paper are shown for the case of eight input channels, however the proposed technique can be easily extended to an arbitrary large number of channels. The circuit consumes 15 muW at the power supply of 0.7 V, enabling data processing (detection + readout) with 20 MHz frequency resulting in 1 pJ energy used to detect one channel. While in a stand-by mode the circuit dissipates 2 nW.
{"title":"Hierarchical Asynchronous Multiplexer for Readout Front-End ASIC for Multi-Element Detectors in Medical Imaging","authors":"R. Dlugosz, K. Iniewski","doi":"10.1109/MIXDES.2007.4286168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MIXDES.2007.4286168","url":null,"abstract":"Multiplexers are one of the most important elements in readout front-end ASICs for multi-element detectors in medical imaging. In the paper a fully asynchronous multiplexer with limited hierarchical de-randomization mechanism has been presented. The hierarchical mechanism prevents collisions in the system, which occur when two or more channels attempts to connect to the output stage. The proposed mechanism enables sequential reading out each of them eliminating that potential collision problem. The results presented in this paper are shown for the case of eight input channels, however the proposed technique can be easily extended to an arbitrary large number of channels. The circuit consumes 15 muW at the power supply of 0.7 V, enabling data processing (detection + readout) with 20 MHz frequency resulting in 1 pJ energy used to detect one channel. While in a stand-by mode the circuit dissipates 2 nW.","PeriodicalId":310187,"journal":{"name":"2007 14th International Conference on Mixed Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125256148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-21DOI: 10.1109/MIXDES.2007.4286121
J. He, W. Bian, Y. Tao, F. Liu, X. Zhang, W. Wu, T. Wang, M. Chan
In this paper, a carrier-based modelling approach (CBMA) is extended to develop a unified compact model for the symmetric double-gate (DG) and surrounding-gate (SRG) MOS transistors with the same mathematic formulation via the parameter transformation. The unified model formulation makes it easy to handle different device structures with different physical solutions, avoiding the need to solve the different fundamental equations. It is shown that it is viable to obtain a unified solution formulation scalable with silicon layer thickness and gate oxide layer in all bias ranges, e.g. from the sub-threshold to the strong inversion and from the linear to the saturation region for the DG and SRG MOSFETs by the means of the appropriate parameter transformation. In particular, the unique physics effect of the non-classical MOS devices such as the "volume inversion effect" in the DG MOSFETs is exactly reproduced by present unified model with the SRG MOSFET model formulation.
{"title":"A Unified Carrier-Based Model for Symmetric Double-Gate and Surrounding-Gate MOS Transistors","authors":"J. He, W. Bian, Y. Tao, F. Liu, X. Zhang, W. Wu, T. Wang, M. Chan","doi":"10.1109/MIXDES.2007.4286121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MIXDES.2007.4286121","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a carrier-based modelling approach (CBMA) is extended to develop a unified compact model for the symmetric double-gate (DG) and surrounding-gate (SRG) MOS transistors with the same mathematic formulation via the parameter transformation. The unified model formulation makes it easy to handle different device structures with different physical solutions, avoiding the need to solve the different fundamental equations. It is shown that it is viable to obtain a unified solution formulation scalable with silicon layer thickness and gate oxide layer in all bias ranges, e.g. from the sub-threshold to the strong inversion and from the linear to the saturation region for the DG and SRG MOSFETs by the means of the appropriate parameter transformation. In particular, the unique physics effect of the non-classical MOS devices such as the \"volume inversion effect\" in the DG MOSFETs is exactly reproduced by present unified model with the SRG MOSFET model formulation.","PeriodicalId":310187,"journal":{"name":"2007 14th International Conference on Mixed Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130895170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-21DOI: 10.1109/MIXDES.2007.4286134
S. Tarnowski, A. Piotrowski, A. Napieralski
Stability and precision of signals controlling particle accelerator is very complex problem. Most sophisticated analog design of vector modulator sometimes cannot provide signal with satisfying parameters. Very high frequency used commonly in these design limits number of samples per period that can be used for generation with digital analog converters. Method described in paper explains how to synthesize signal from vector values using small quantity of samples.
{"title":"Sinusoidal Signal Synthesis from Vector Values with Small Quantity of Samples","authors":"S. Tarnowski, A. Piotrowski, A. Napieralski","doi":"10.1109/MIXDES.2007.4286134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MIXDES.2007.4286134","url":null,"abstract":"Stability and precision of signals controlling particle accelerator is very complex problem. Most sophisticated analog design of vector modulator sometimes cannot provide signal with satisfying parameters. Very high frequency used commonly in these design limits number of samples per period that can be used for generation with digital analog converters. Method described in paper explains how to synthesize signal from vector values using small quantity of samples.","PeriodicalId":310187,"journal":{"name":"2007 14th International Conference on Mixed Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125619512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-21DOI: 10.1109/MIXDES.2007.4286242
R. Szewczyk
Biometric people recognition methods are increasingly popular, yet there is no biometric authentication standard used in everyday life. Despite a lot of work on biometric people recognition methods, especially those based on the iris pattern, which is the subject of the author's research, there is still room for designing a new, optimal method, e.g. one that would be simpler in computation, have a shorter iris signature and good distinctiveness. In the paper the author proposes some iris database analyses (e.g. spatial entropy and average image analyses) in order to find input images parameters helpful for designing an iris recognition method. Then, a new iris features extractor based on reverse biorthogonal wavelet rbio3.1 is proposed, which is simple in computation, has a shorter iris signature (340 bits) and quite good discriminative power (d'=6.3, EER=0,6%) in comparison with Daugman's method used as reference. For experiments the UBIRIS database of 2105 images of 241 persons was chosen.
{"title":"New Features Extraction Method for People Recognition on the Basis of the Iris Pattern","authors":"R. Szewczyk","doi":"10.1109/MIXDES.2007.4286242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MIXDES.2007.4286242","url":null,"abstract":"Biometric people recognition methods are increasingly popular, yet there is no biometric authentication standard used in everyday life. Despite a lot of work on biometric people recognition methods, especially those based on the iris pattern, which is the subject of the author's research, there is still room for designing a new, optimal method, e.g. one that would be simpler in computation, have a shorter iris signature and good distinctiveness. In the paper the author proposes some iris database analyses (e.g. spatial entropy and average image analyses) in order to find input images parameters helpful for designing an iris recognition method. Then, a new iris features extractor based on reverse biorthogonal wavelet rbio3.1 is proposed, which is simple in computation, has a shorter iris signature (340 bits) and quite good discriminative power (d'=6.3, EER=0,6%) in comparison with Daugman's method used as reference. For experiments the UBIRIS database of 2105 images of 241 persons was chosen.","PeriodicalId":310187,"journal":{"name":"2007 14th International Conference on Mixed Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131096181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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