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New Perspectives Regarding the Future of European Environmental Policy With Particular Regard of the Taxation Aspects 关于欧洲环境政策未来的新观点,特别是关于税收方面
Pub Date : 2023-02-20 DOI: 10.15341/jbe(2155-7950)/02.14.2023/001
Filippo Luigi Giambrone
The European Union’s response to cushion the economic shock is divided into two parts, given the separation of competences at EU and nation state level. The global economy is increasingly recovering from the Corona crisis, but its effects continue to shape economic development. At the same time, the profound transformation towards a climate-neutral and digital economy must be shaped. National measures and strategies must be developed in the European and global context to effectively meet the challenges. Education over the entire life cycle should be strengthened. Accelerated digitalization offers great potentials that need to be leveraged. Sustainability must be ensured in various dimensions. International cooperation is crucial for successful climate protection. Higher private and public investments must be mobilized for transformation and increased productivity. In all of this, fiscal sustainability must be ensured.
鉴于欧盟和国家层面的权限不同,欧盟缓冲经济冲击的对策分为两部分。全球经济正日益从冠状病毒危机中复苏,但其影响仍在影响经济发展。与此同时,必须塑造向气候中和和数字经济的深刻转型。必须在欧洲和全球范围内制定国家措施和战略,以有效应对这些挑战。加强全生命周期教育。加速的数字化提供了巨大的潜力,需要加以利用。必须在各个方面确保可持续性。国际合作对成功保护气候至关重要。必须调动更多的私人和公共投资来进行改革和提高生产率。在所有这一切中,必须确保财政的可持续性。
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引用次数: 0
Investigation on the Potential Manipulation of ROBOR Interest Rates 对潜在操纵银行间同业拆借利率的调查
Pub Date : 2023-02-20 DOI: 10.15341/jbe(2155-7950)/02.14.2023/005
Miruna Mihaela Vasilca, Alin Ioan Vid, George Anton
Recently observers have expressed concerns that the ROBOR benchmark interest rates may not accurately reflect the costs of interbank lending. ROBOR rates are reference indices for variable interest loans granted to both individuals and corporate clients in Romania, but also for derivative financial contracts that has ROBOR as the underlying asset. Therefore, the impact of ROBOR’s relevance is reflected in a much wider range of financial products addressed to the population, which will bear all the changes related to its volatility. This paper examines a possible manipulation of the prices of interbank deposits. In order to evaluate the evolution of the relevant ROBOR rates from the perspective of the existence of a market manipulation behavior, for the period July 2, 2018 - April 4, 2022, two scenarios were analyzed. Firstly, the collusion between two or more participants to obtain additional financial income related to the loan portfolio indexed to ROBOR. Secondly, the collusion between two or more participants to use inside information regarding the monetary policy decisions of the National Bank of Romania (NBR). Analyzing the hypotheses of the two scenarios, we conclude that there are no indications of a possible manipulation of ROBOR interest rates by tacit agreements between participants in the Fixing or by using inside information on monetary policy decisions of the NBR.
最近观察人士表示,他们担心英国银行间同业拆借利率(ROBOR)基准利率可能无法准确反映银行间拆借成本。ROBOR利率是罗马尼亚向个人和企业客户发放的可变利率贷款的参考指标,也是以ROBOR为基础资产的衍生金融合约的参考指标。因此,ROBOR相关性的影响反映在面向人口的更广泛的金融产品中,这些产品将承担与其波动性相关的所有变化。本文探讨了银行间存款价格可能存在的操纵行为。为了从存在市场操纵行为的角度评估相关ROBOR利率的演变,本文分析了2018年7月2日至2022年4月4日期间的两种情景。首先,两个或两个以上的参与者相互勾结,以获得与ROBOR指标的贷款组合相关的额外财务收入。其次,两个或多个参与者之间的勾结,使用有关罗马尼亚国家银行(NBR)货币政策决策的内幕信息。分析这两种情景的假设,我们得出结论,没有迹象表明,在固定参与者之间的默契或通过使用内部信息的国家银行的货币政策决策操纵银行间拆拆利率的可能性。
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引用次数: 0
Strategic Alliance and Tacit Collusion, of Competitive Advantage Through Market Area, Product Innovation Cooperative Café Timor and National Cooperative Business Association (CCT-NCBA) in Timor Leste 通过市场区域、产品创新合作咖啡馆和东帝汶国家合作商业协会(CCT-NCBA)获得竞争优势的战略联盟与默契勾结
Pub Date : 2023-02-20 DOI: 10.15341/jbe(2155-7950)/02.14.2023/003
Silvester Xavier Sufa Efi
This study aims to prove that the implementation of strategic alliance and tacit collusion can increase the competitive advantage of CCT-NCBA in organic coffee production by developing market areas and product innovation. This study aims to prove that implementing a strategic alliance can increase the competitive advantage of coffee organic through developing the market area and product innovation. Based on the results of hypothesis testing and the analysis of strategic alliances, market area, and product innovation against competitive advantage, it is known that building a competitive advantage in the product coffee organic be achieved through the establishment of strategic alliances and tacit collusion right, based on the exchange of raw material resources, technology or resources marketing. Strategic alliances and tacit collusion are used to strengthen the position of organic coffee production in the face of competition organic coffee business. The more precise the model selection strategic alliance and tacit collusion, product innovation organic coffee production will be able to build a competitive advantage of her. The development model of strategic alliances and tacit collusion CCT-NCBA that needs to be developed is to increase the competitive advantage has the form of an alliance focused on cooperation in the provision of raw materials, interest in improving the skills of cooperation, and the application of the production process technology.
本研究旨在证明实施战略联盟和隐性串通可以通过开拓市场领域和产品创新来提高CCT-NCBA在有机咖啡生产中的竞争优势。本研究旨在通过开拓市场区域和产品创新来证明实施战略联盟可以提高有机咖啡的竞争优势。通过假设检验的结果和对战略联盟、市场区域、产品创新与竞争优势的分析可知,建立咖啡产品的竞争优势可以通过建立战略联盟和默契串通权,以交换原料资源、技术或资源营销为基础来实现。在竞争激烈的有机咖啡企业面前,通过战略联盟和默契勾结来巩固有机咖啡生产的地位。模式选择越精准,战略联盟和默契勾结,产品创新有机咖啡生产就能建立起竞争优势。CCT-NCBA需要发展的战略联盟与隐性串通的发展模式是增加竞争优势,其形式为以原材料提供合作为重点,以提高合作技能为兴趣,以生产工艺技术的应用为重点的联盟。
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引用次数: 0
Knowledge and Skills of Migrant Sports Professionals in Italy 意大利移民体育专业人员的知识和技能
Pub Date : 2023-01-20 DOI: 10.15341/jbe(2155-7950)/01.14.2023/004
Roberto Solinas
This study evaluated the effectiveness of customized training for managerial skills development based on the principles of “Education through Sport”. The quasi-experimental research design was utilized. In the same way, experiential learning was adapted to improve the sports skills of the sports professionals in Italy. The study’s theoretical foundation focused on the experiential learning cycle of sports professionals measured quantitatively by a survey questionnaire. The use of intervention through the ETS program determined their level of improvement. Paired sample T-test was employed to determine whether the ETS program enhanced the knowledge and skills of the migrant’s potential sports managers. Likewise, ANOVA was used to determine the significant difference among the migrant’s levels of knowledge and skills.
本研究评估了基于“体育教育”原则的管理技能发展定制培训的有效性。采用准实验研究设计。同样,体验式学习也适用于提高意大利体育专业人员的运动技能。本研究的理论基础是通过问卷调查定量测量体育专业人员的体验式学习周期。通过ETS项目干预的使用决定了他们的改善水平。采用配对样本t检验来确定ETS计划是否提高了移民潜在体育经理的知识和技能。同样,方差分析用于确定移民的知识和技能水平之间的显著差异。
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引用次数: 0
Abductive Inference and Theory of the Inversion of Probability in the Causal Representation of Dynamic Economic Phenomena 动态经济现象因果表示中的溯因推理与概率反转理论
Pub Date : 2023-01-20 DOI: 10.15341/jbe(2155-7950)/01.14.2023/001
Alberto H. Landro, Mirta L. González
In this probabilistic analysis on the treatment of abductive inference in the dynamic economic phenomena it is demonstrated that its foundations coincide with the reasons that gave rise to the “Bernoulli problem” and to the consequent Bayes, Laplace and Poisson demonstrations of the probability theorem of the causes and, therefore, that the analysis of causal relations according to the postulates of the theory of the inversion of probability preceded its epistemological interpretation by two centuries. Likewise, it is demostrated that the presence of exogeneities consisting of rationally unjustifiable dogmatic principles in the field of the theory leads to hypocoded-creative abductions, which imply the negation of the selection rules suggested by Peirce and of the optimization criterion trough maximizing the likelihoods inherent in the theory of causal stochastic models.
在对动态经济现象中溯因推理处理的概率分析中,证明了溯因推理的基础与产生“伯努利问题”的原因以及由此产生的贝叶斯、拉普拉斯和泊松对原因的概率定理的证明是一致的,因此,根据概率论的假设对因果关系的分析比认识论的解释早了两个世纪。同样,本文也证明了由理性上不合理的教条原则组成的外生性在理论领域的存在导致了伪编码创造性诱变,这意味着对Peirce提出的选择规则和通过最大化因果随机模型理论中固有的可能性来优化标准的否定。
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引用次数: 0
“Atenea Children’s Stay” Project Overcoming Barriers and Finding Strength “雅典儿童之家”项目克服障碍,寻找力量
Pub Date : 2023-01-20 DOI: 10.15341/jbe(2155-7950)/01.14.2023/005
Aarón Pacheco Ortega, Jaime Alejandro Espinoza Silva, Daniel Alejandro Almaguer Aviña, Lizveth Mariana Hernández Hernández, Elizabeth Gálvez Santillán
This project proposes the creation of a children’s stay within the Facultad de Filosofía y Letras of the Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, with a view to it being a larger project that serves all the faculties and high schools of the university, to reduce in this way the statistics of desertion of mothers and fathers students. It is considered that the project would not only bring benefits in reducing the institution’s dropout statistics but would also prevent student mothers and fathers from seeing their right to continue their studies truncated. In addition, the project could be a space where professional and/or social service practices can be developed by university students.
该项目建议在Autónoma de Nuevo León大学的Filosofía y Letras学院内建立一个儿童宿舍,以期成为一个更大的项目,为大学的所有院系和高中提供服务,以减少父母遗弃学生的统计数据。据认为,该项目不仅有利于减少该机构的辍学统计数字,而且还可以防止学生的父母看到他们继续学业的权利被剥夺。此外,该项目可以成为大学生发展专业和/或社会服务实践的空间。
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引用次数: 0
Does Board Social Network Affect Bank Performance — Evidence From Listed Banks in Vietnam 董事会社交网络是否影响银行绩效——来自越南上市银行的证据
Pub Date : 2023-01-20 DOI: 10.15341/jbe(2155-7950)/01.14.2023/003
Nguyen Quynh-Nhu Ngo, Minh Tri Ha, Vy Quynh Le, Uyen Nhi Do
Using a sample of 34 listed commercial banks in Vietnam from 2010 to 2020, we explore the impact of board social networks on bank performance. We find a significant positive relationship between educational ties and family ties and bank performance and a significant negative relationship between professional ties, business ties and state ties on bank results. Therefore, the bank performance can be improved when the board connection with inside companies is greater than three business groups or state companies and the number of connections inside the board is less than ten members. We also find a positive and significant relationship between board connection outside (between three and five business groups or state companies) on next-two-year bank performance. Likewise, the board connection inside between ten and eighteen ties will also enhance the next-two-year bank performance.
本文以2010 - 2020年越南34家上市商业银行为样本,探讨了董事会社交网络对银行绩效的影响。我们发现教育关系、家庭关系与银行业绩之间存在显著的正相关关系,而职业关系、商业关系和国家关系与银行业绩之间存在显著的负相关关系。因此,当董事会与内部公司的联系大于三个企业集团或国有公司,董事会内部联系人数小于10人时,银行绩效可以得到提高。我们还发现,董事会与外部(三到五个商业集团或国有企业)的联系与银行未来两年的业绩之间存在显著的正相关关系。同样,十至十八间的董事会内部联系也将提高未来两年的银行业绩。
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引用次数: 0
Nowadays Booking in Czech Restaurant 如今在捷克餐厅预订
Pub Date : 2023-01-20 DOI: 10.15341/jbe(2155-7950)/01.14.2023/002
Michal Motyčka
Reservation of tables in a restaurant or other gastronomic properties is elementary condition for ensuring that breakfast, lunch or dinner can begin without any complications or inconveniences. In the past and still nowadays, the only way to book a table in a restaurant was by the phone call or personal visit. Over time, the possibility of booking via e-mail has logically increased. In the context of modern approaches and in order to meet the simplicity, automaticity and comfort of the client, implementation and using of various reservation system is main goal today.
在餐厅或其他美食场所预订餐桌是确保早餐、午餐或晚餐可以顺利开始的基本条件。在过去和现在,在餐馆预订座位的唯一方法是打电话或亲自拜访。随着时间的推移,通过电子邮件预订的可能性自然增加了。在现代方法的背景下,为了满足客户的简单,自动化和舒适,各种预订系统的实施和使用是今天的主要目标。
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引用次数: 0
Consumers Perspectives on Digital Marketing Features 消费者对数字营销特征的看法
Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.15341/jbe(2155-7950)/10.13.2022/003
Kanavaki Maria, Malindretos George
The aim of this study is to investigate the consumers’ perspective on the importance of various digital marketing features, particularly in the pandemic period which boosted e-commerce and digital services. In this sense, this paper addresses at first the digital and social media tools utilization in the framework of the new digital world of communications. Consumer Behavior in the Covid-19 era follows, presenting the impact of covid-19 in consumer’s way of living and thinking in respect to their on-line shopping daily habits. In this sense, in view of the company’s website importance in their consumers’ searching and purchasing process, literature review is completed with the description of the various design principles with special references to the virtual and augmented Reality tools, for which interest in the past few years has risen considerably. In order to verify the theoretical insights, an empirical research was conducted through a structured questionnaire answered by 328 consumers in Greece. Main results reveal that key features of a site are products' photos and ease of accessibility in information and transactions, while a low proportion of the sample is positive in the potential adoption of VR tools. In addition, delays on deliveries have a negative impact on e-commerce and digital marketing in overall and this becomes even worse as frequency of on-line purchases by the customers increase. The conclusions and recommendations drawn in the present study are expected to provide some useful insights for the successful digital marketing redesign towards increasing company’s products/services attractiveness.
本研究的目的是调查消费者对各种数字营销特征的重要性的看法,特别是在推动电子商务和数字服务的大流行时期。从这个意义上讲,本文首先讨论了在新的数字通信世界框架下对数字和社交媒体工具的利用。接下来是新冠肺炎时代的消费者行为,从消费者的日常网上购物习惯来看,新冠肺炎对消费者生活方式和思维方式的影响。从这个意义上说,鉴于公司的网站在消费者搜索和购买过程中的重要性,文献综述完成了各种设计原则的描述,特别提到了虚拟和增强现实工具,在过去的几年里,人们对这些工具的兴趣大大增加。为了验证理论见解,通过对328名希腊消费者的结构化问卷调查进行了实证研究。主要结果显示,网站的主要特征是产品照片以及信息和交易的易访问性,而低比例的样本对VR工具的潜在采用持积极态度。此外,交货延迟总体上对电子商务和数字营销产生了负面影响,随着客户在线购买频率的增加,这种情况会变得更糟。本研究得出的结论和建议有望为成功的数字营销重新设计提供一些有用的见解,以增加公司产品/服务的吸引力。
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引用次数: 0
Case Study on the Calculation of the Earned Value Using the Planned Physical Advancement of Projects 利用项目计划实物进度计算挣值的案例研究
Pub Date : 2022-03-20 DOI: 10.15341/jbe(2155-7950)/03.13.2022/005
Gentil Filho Isaias
The cost knowledge area is one of the pillars of project management, and its control process is fundamental to the success of an enterprise, with the Earned Value Management methodology as one of the most important techniques for project cost management. The Earned Value is the main indicator and variable of the Earned Value Management methodology technique, which aims to enable the integrated understanding of the correlation between cost and physical advancement of projects. The problem identified is that the result of the calculation of the through the ratio between The Planned Cost and Physical Advancement Realized is not always adherent to the reality of the project, being directly influenced by the correlation between the Planned Physical Advance and the Planned Value. The non-use of Planned Physical Advancement with variable for is understood with the gap of systematics, being the basis for meeting the objective of this article, which is to propose a model for calculating the using an Alternative Equation of Earned Value. The methodology used for the work will be case study referring to a basic project of deliveries of technical engineering documentation to an oil rig in Brazil controlled in 2018 and 2019. This research is justified by bringing an important point in the project management literature, being relevant for presenting a scientifically proven alternative equation model for the calculation of Earned Value using Planned Physical Advancement. The method employed contributes to the cost management of projects, since the correct calculation of the Earned Value provides assertive results for decision-making of project managers.
成本知识领域是项目管理的支柱之一,其控制过程是企业成功的基础,而挣值管理方法是项目成本管理最重要的技术之一。挣值是挣值管理方法技术的主要指标和变量,其目的是使人们能够综合理解成本与项目实际进展之间的相关性。发现的问题是,计划成本与已实现实物进度之比的计算结果并不总是符合项目的实际情况,直接受到计划实物进度与计划价值之间的相关性的影响。从系统学的角度理解不使用变量为的计划物理进度,是实现本文目标的基础,本文的目标是提出一个使用挣值替代方程的计算模型。该工作使用的方法将是一个案例研究,涉及一个基本项目,即在2018年和2019年向巴西的一个石油钻井平台交付技术工程文件。通过引入项目管理文献中的一个重要观点,该研究被证明是合理的,该研究与使用计划物理进展来计算挣值的科学证明的替代方程模型相关。所采用的方法有助于项目的成本管理,因为挣值的正确计算为项目经理的决策提供了自信的结果。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Kinerja Journal of Business and Economics
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