Pub Date : 2014-06-24DOI: 10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045821
S. Bhardwaj, N. Nahar, J. Volakis
Millimeter wave and terahertz band antennas are of growing interest due to applications in radar, imaging and communications. Specifically, circularly polarized (CP) antennas find special interest in satellite communications and applications involving mobile transceivers. For mm-Wave and THz band, gain characterization for CP antennas is a difficult task due to phase errors in alignment. To avoid practical difficulties in traditional CP gain measurement method, we propose a simple, phase-less measurement method. The method relies only on amplitude based measurements, utilizing scattering from readily available structures. In this work, we develop the theory and demonstrate the measurement results for a radial line slot array antenna (RLSA) operating at 106 GHz.
{"title":"Phaseless method of gain characterization for circularly polarized antennas for mmWave and THz band","authors":"S. Bhardwaj, N. Nahar, J. Volakis","doi":"10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045821","url":null,"abstract":"Millimeter wave and terahertz band antennas are of growing interest due to applications in radar, imaging and communications. Specifically, circularly polarized (CP) antennas find special interest in satellite communications and applications involving mobile transceivers. For mm-Wave and THz band, gain characterization for CP antennas is a difficult task due to phase errors in alignment. To avoid practical difficulties in traditional CP gain measurement method, we propose a simple, phase-less measurement method. The method relies only on amplitude based measurements, utilizing scattering from readily available structures. In this work, we develop the theory and demonstrate the measurement results for a radial line slot array antenna (RLSA) operating at 106 GHz.","PeriodicalId":318539,"journal":{"name":"NAECON 2014 - IEEE National Aerospace and Electronics Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127761918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-06-24DOI: 10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045798
Javier Ribera, Khalid Tahboub, E. Delp
Video surveillance systems that contain a large number of cameras makes the continuous monitoring of the video feeds nearly an impossible task. If the information from these many cameras is to be exploited automatic video analytic techniques must be developed. In this paper, we present improvements to a previously developed crowd flow estimation method. We use crowdsourcing techniques to enhance the performance. An experimental evaluation is conducted using publicly available datasets.
{"title":"Automated crowd flow estimation enhanced by crowdsourcing","authors":"Javier Ribera, Khalid Tahboub, E. Delp","doi":"10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045798","url":null,"abstract":"Video surveillance systems that contain a large number of cameras makes the continuous monitoring of the video feeds nearly an impossible task. If the information from these many cameras is to be exploited automatic video analytic techniques must be developed. In this paper, we present improvements to a previously developed crowd flow estimation method. We use crowdsourcing techniques to enhance the performance. An experimental evaluation is conducted using publicly available datasets.","PeriodicalId":318539,"journal":{"name":"NAECON 2014 - IEEE National Aerospace and Electronics Conference","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117217308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-06-24DOI: 10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045833
Xiaomeng Zhang, Shuo Li, Tylor Moody, H. Xue, S. Ren
The Multi-finger layout technique has been extensively used in Nano-scale CMOS circuit design due to the increased circuit performance compared to a single finger layout. However choosing a finger width and number of fingers to optimize circuit performance is a challenging problem. In this paper the performance of a 2.4GHz single ended low noise amplifier (LNA) with a fixed total transistor width in 90nm CMOS technology is analyzed as function of number of fingers (Nf). The results show that the drain to source current (Ids), transconductance (gm) and effective gate capacitance (Cgeff) increase with increasing Nf. The effect of Nf on transistor cutoff frequency (fT) and LNA noise figure (NF), voltage gain (AV), center frequency (fC), and impedance/noise matching is presented.
{"title":"Multi-finger MOSFET low noise amplifier performance analysis","authors":"Xiaomeng Zhang, Shuo Li, Tylor Moody, H. Xue, S. Ren","doi":"10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045833","url":null,"abstract":"The Multi-finger layout technique has been extensively used in Nano-scale CMOS circuit design due to the increased circuit performance compared to a single finger layout. However choosing a finger width and number of fingers to optimize circuit performance is a challenging problem. In this paper the performance of a 2.4GHz single ended low noise amplifier (LNA) with a fixed total transistor width in 90nm CMOS technology is analyzed as function of number of fingers (N<sub>f</sub>). The results show that the drain to source current (I<sub>ds</sub>), transconductance (g<sub>m</sub>) and effective gate capacitance (C<sub>geff</sub>) increase with increasing N<sub>f</sub>. The effect of N<sub>f</sub> on transistor cutoff frequency (f<sub>T</sub>) and LNA noise figure (NF), voltage gain (AV), center frequency (f<sub>C</sub>), and impedance/noise matching is presented.","PeriodicalId":318539,"journal":{"name":"NAECON 2014 - IEEE National Aerospace and Electronics Conference","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126774804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-06-24DOI: 10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045766
Ramana Thakkallapally, Vamshi Veesam, I. Abdel-Motaleb, Zheng Shen
A one-directional 3D normally-on SiC MESFET, suitable for safe multi-KW/cm2 power applications, is designed and analyzed using the numerical analysis simulator, Silvaco Atlas. The analyses show that the drain current is a 100% higher than a surface device with the same dimensions, while occupying less than 33% of the area. At gate voltage of 0V, the drain current reaches 600 mA/mm with a breakdown voltage greater than 600V. The proposed vertical structure allows for more efficient heat dissipation and can be easily connected in parallel to provide power of more than 10 kW/cm2.
{"title":"One-directional 3D-SiC MESFET for high power applications","authors":"Ramana Thakkallapally, Vamshi Veesam, I. Abdel-Motaleb, Zheng Shen","doi":"10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045766","url":null,"abstract":"A one-directional 3D normally-on SiC MESFET, suitable for safe multi-KW/cm2 power applications, is designed and analyzed using the numerical analysis simulator, Silvaco Atlas. The analyses show that the drain current is a 100% higher than a surface device with the same dimensions, while occupying less than 33% of the area. At gate voltage of 0V, the drain current reaches 600 mA/mm with a breakdown voltage greater than 600V. The proposed vertical structure allows for more efficient heat dissipation and can be easily connected in parallel to provide power of more than 10 kW/cm2.","PeriodicalId":318539,"journal":{"name":"NAECON 2014 - IEEE National Aerospace and Electronics Conference","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126566218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-06-24DOI: 10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045805
Erik Blasch, S. Rogers, Jared Culbertson, A. Rodríguez, L. Fenstermacher, R. Patterson
Qualia-based Exploitation of Sensing Technology (QuEST) is an approach to create a cognitive exoskeleton to improve human-machine decision quality. In this paper, we discuss the motivation of QuEST as it pertains to man-machine information fusion. Operator-based situation awareness includes both elements of external sensory perception and internal cognitive explanation. We outline QuEST elements and tenets towards a reasoning approach that achieves human intelligence amplification (IA) as opposed to data aggregation from machine artificial intelligence (AI). In a use case example for automatic target exploitation, we showcase the need for enhanced understanding of the man (mind-body cognition) and the machine (sensor-based reasoning) for establishing a cohesive narrative of situational activities.
{"title":"QuEST for information fusion","authors":"Erik Blasch, S. Rogers, Jared Culbertson, A. Rodríguez, L. Fenstermacher, R. Patterson","doi":"10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045805","url":null,"abstract":"Qualia-based Exploitation of Sensing Technology (QuEST) is an approach to create a cognitive exoskeleton to improve human-machine decision quality. In this paper, we discuss the motivation of QuEST as it pertains to man-machine information fusion. Operator-based situation awareness includes both elements of external sensory perception and internal cognitive explanation. We outline QuEST elements and tenets towards a reasoning approach that achieves human intelligence amplification (IA) as opposed to data aggregation from machine artificial intelligence (AI). In a use case example for automatic target exploitation, we showcase the need for enhanced understanding of the man (mind-body cognition) and the machine (sensor-based reasoning) for establishing a cohesive narrative of situational activities.","PeriodicalId":318539,"journal":{"name":"NAECON 2014 - IEEE National Aerospace and Electronics Conference","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121618699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-06-24DOI: 10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045764
M. Patterson, K. Hansen, D. Walker, M. Qumsiyeh, H. Yue, G. Subramanyam
This paper describes the successful construction of a twin-pier platform for use in biological sensing applications. The two piers are inline and have a tunable gap between them, with gap distance varying between 60-200 nm. The proximal ends of the piers are contiguous with a Co-Planar Waveguide structure that allows for testing. The basic pier structure was created by ablation of a customized MMA/PMMA stack using a JEOL laser system. A layer of Ti-Au was then deposited on silicon using standard electron beam deposition techniques. Electromagnetic testing of the structures was correlated with SEM imagery for characterization of electrical properties and gap integrity. The overall design is to create a biological sensing bridge by tethering molecules across the distal ends of the piers thereby completing the circuit. The type and composition of biological bridge provides sensor selectivity and sensitivity.
{"title":"Construction of a twin-pier platform for biological sensing","authors":"M. Patterson, K. Hansen, D. Walker, M. Qumsiyeh, H. Yue, G. Subramanyam","doi":"10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045764","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the successful construction of a twin-pier platform for use in biological sensing applications. The two piers are inline and have a tunable gap between them, with gap distance varying between 60-200 nm. The proximal ends of the piers are contiguous with a Co-Planar Waveguide structure that allows for testing. The basic pier structure was created by ablation of a customized MMA/PMMA stack using a JEOL laser system. A layer of Ti-Au was then deposited on silicon using standard electron beam deposition techniques. Electromagnetic testing of the structures was correlated with SEM imagery for characterization of electrical properties and gap integrity. The overall design is to create a biological sensing bridge by tethering molecules across the distal ends of the piers thereby completing the circuit. The type and composition of biological bridge provides sensor selectivity and sensitivity.","PeriodicalId":318539,"journal":{"name":"NAECON 2014 - IEEE National Aerospace and Electronics Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114444693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-06-24DOI: 10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045792
S. Boddhu, R. Flagg, Pawel Grzebala, Rahul Bodduluri, Robert L. Williams
The advancements of mobile technology and its widespread availability have redefined many computing paradigms including Human-centric sensing. Human-centric sensing has already been successfully implemented as integrated network architecture component in many operational intelligent systems in various industry areas such as defense, healthcare, energy or disaster management. The process of integration of Human-centric sensing into the system can be lengthy and complicated because of disparate data formats, modality and connectivity interfaces. Extending an existing system by new, and possibly future, sensors may result in low-level integration issues. There is a need for a generic architecture that will be able to dynamically accommodate new sensors and to provide fusion of all sensed data. In this paper, we extend our previous work of developing an architecture that supports seamless integration and development of platforms to enhance situational awareness in the context of Human-centric sensing.
{"title":"A generic sensor fusion architecture for enhancing situational awareness","authors":"S. Boddhu, R. Flagg, Pawel Grzebala, Rahul Bodduluri, Robert L. Williams","doi":"10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045792","url":null,"abstract":"The advancements of mobile technology and its widespread availability have redefined many computing paradigms including Human-centric sensing. Human-centric sensing has already been successfully implemented as integrated network architecture component in many operational intelligent systems in various industry areas such as defense, healthcare, energy or disaster management. The process of integration of Human-centric sensing into the system can be lengthy and complicated because of disparate data formats, modality and connectivity interfaces. Extending an existing system by new, and possibly future, sensors may result in low-level integration issues. There is a need for a generic architecture that will be able to dynamically accommodate new sensors and to provide fusion of all sensed data. In this paper, we extend our previous work of developing an architecture that supports seamless integration and development of platforms to enhance situational awareness in the context of Human-centric sensing.","PeriodicalId":318539,"journal":{"name":"NAECON 2014 - IEEE National Aerospace and Electronics Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122768492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-06-24DOI: 10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045769
J. Vella, J. Goldsmith, N. Limberopoulos, J. Derov, A. Drehman
Plasmonics have the potential to enhance the performance of detectors. A thermal metal dewetting process was developed which can be easily scaled for high throughput production. Through this process, plasmonic nanostructures were fabricated providing broadband plasmon resonance tunable over a 1000 nm wavelength range. The plasmonic media and their integration into fluorescence-based sensors will be described.
{"title":"High throughput, large scale, broadband, plasmonic nanostructure fabrication for optical sensors","authors":"J. Vella, J. Goldsmith, N. Limberopoulos, J. Derov, A. Drehman","doi":"10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045769","url":null,"abstract":"Plasmonics have the potential to enhance the performance of detectors. A thermal metal dewetting process was developed which can be easily scaled for high throughput production. Through this process, plasmonic nanostructures were fabricated providing broadband plasmon resonance tunable over a 1000 nm wavelength range. The plasmonic media and their integration into fluorescence-based sensors will be described.","PeriodicalId":318539,"journal":{"name":"NAECON 2014 - IEEE National Aerospace and Electronics Conference","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124837431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-06-24DOI: 10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045796
O. Mendoza-Schrock, N. Bourbakis, M. Rizki, V. Velten
The ability to classify a vehicle is of extreme importance for both civilian and non-civilian applications. For non-civilian applications the state-of-the-art leaves much to be desired, as hierarchal and real-time classification have yet to be truly investigated. This paper provides a survey of the current state-of-the-art in vehicle classification and provides recommendations for future research areas to advance the current capabilities.
{"title":"Vehicle classification for civilian and non-civilian applications: A survey","authors":"O. Mendoza-Schrock, N. Bourbakis, M. Rizki, V. Velten","doi":"10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045796","url":null,"abstract":"The ability to classify a vehicle is of extreme importance for both civilian and non-civilian applications. For non-civilian applications the state-of-the-art leaves much to be desired, as hierarchal and real-time classification have yet to be truly investigated. This paper provides a survey of the current state-of-the-art in vehicle classification and provides recommendations for future research areas to advance the current capabilities.","PeriodicalId":318539,"journal":{"name":"NAECON 2014 - IEEE National Aerospace and Electronics Conference","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124981343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-06-24DOI: 10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045840
H. Xue, Tyler Moody, Shuo Li, Xiaomeng Zhang, S. Ren
Outsourcing of IC fabrication has increased the potential for altering the genuine design with the insertion of concealed circuits (hardware Trojans). A methodology for detecting hardware Trojans (HTs) that has been pursued recently is based on comparing the power and delay response of a genuine chip to the manufactured chip/device under test (DUT). However, the probability of detecting the HT remains small in many cases due to the low probability of activating the concealed circuits. This paper proposes a technique to increase HT activity during testing by inserting probability increase circuits (PICs) at critical points in the design. Preliminary results for a standard HT example show a reduction in time for HT activation of over 95% with modest increases in power, size, and delay overhead.
{"title":"Low overhead design for improving hardware trojan detection efficiency","authors":"H. Xue, Tyler Moody, Shuo Li, Xiaomeng Zhang, S. Ren","doi":"10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAECON.2014.7045840","url":null,"abstract":"Outsourcing of IC fabrication has increased the potential for altering the genuine design with the insertion of concealed circuits (hardware Trojans). A methodology for detecting hardware Trojans (HTs) that has been pursued recently is based on comparing the power and delay response of a genuine chip to the manufactured chip/device under test (DUT). However, the probability of detecting the HT remains small in many cases due to the low probability of activating the concealed circuits. This paper proposes a technique to increase HT activity during testing by inserting probability increase circuits (PICs) at critical points in the design. Preliminary results for a standard HT example show a reduction in time for HT activation of over 95% with modest increases in power, size, and delay overhead.","PeriodicalId":318539,"journal":{"name":"NAECON 2014 - IEEE National Aerospace and Electronics Conference","volume":"288 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130019643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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