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Sistem Zonasi dan Implikasinya terhadap Sustainibilitas Mutu Pendidikan di SMAN 1 Narmada 其区域性系统及其对斯曼1号纳尔达教育质量提高的影响
Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.36088/palapa.v11i2.3875
M. Amin Kutbi
The New Student Admission System (PPDB) is one of the efforts to provide quality education with the goals of equalizing the quality of education and involving the community in the process. The limited school capacity has become a concern as centralized school selection has led to some schools having a shortage of students. The zoning system has been adopted as a solution to address this issue, where student selection is based on proximity to the school rather than academic achievement. This research focuses on the implementation of the zoning system at SMA Negeri 1 Narmada and its implications for education quality. A qualitative approach was employed, using interviews, observations, and documentation as data collection techniques. The data were analyzed using an interactive model consisting of data reduction, data display, and verification, with increased attentiveness and triangulation to ensure data validity. The findings indicate that the zoning system has been in place at SMA Negeri 1 Narmada since its implementation. This system has had a positive impact on education quality by diversifying the accepted students. The implications are evident in both academic and non-academic aspects, as students have excelled academically and in various competitions. The school's head adopted several strategies to maintain education quality, including setting school objectives, conducting supervision and evaluation of teaching, coordinating the curriculum, and monitoring student progress. With the implementation of the zoning system, SMA Negeri 1 Narmada has successfully achieved equalization of education quality and increased student participation in various learning aspects, thus strengthening the efforts to create a sustainable and high-quality education.
新招生制度是提供优质教育的其中一项努力,其目标是使教育质素平均化,并让社会各界参与其中。集中择校导致一些学校生源不足,学校容量有限已成为一个令人担忧的问题。分区系统已经被采用作为解决这个问题的解决方案,在这里,学生的选择是基于学校的远近,而不是学术成就。本研究的重点是在SMA Negeri 1 Narmada实施分区制度及其对教育质量的影响。采用定性方法,使用访谈、观察和文件作为数据收集技术。数据分析使用由数据缩减、数据显示和验证组成的交互式模型,并增加关注和三角测量以确保数据的有效性。调查结果表明,该分区制度自实施以来一直在SMA Negeri 1 Narmada实施。这一制度使录取的学生多样化,对教育质量产生了积极影响。这种影响在学术和非学术方面都很明显,因为学生们在学术和各种比赛中都表现出色。学校校长采取了几项策略来保持教育质量,包括制定学校目标、进行教学监督和评估、协调课程以及监督学生的进步。随着分区制度的实施,SMA Negeri 1 Narmada成功实现了教育质量的均等化,提高了学生在各个学习方面的参与度,从而加强了创建可持续和高质量教育的努力。
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引用次数: 0
The Relationship of Perceived Usefulness (PU) and Attitude Towards Using (ATU) in Students of Scola Users Learning Biology at Dedikasi Edukasi Kualiva Senior High School 高中部生物科学用户感知有用性与使用态度的关系
Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.36088/palapa.v11i2.3707
Aulia Hafifah, Relsas Yogica, Heffi Alberida, Helsa Rahmatika
The material on Biology subjects is broad and abstract concepts, so that online biology learning media such as e-learning are needed. Based on observations, Dedekadasi Edukasi Kualiva (DEK) SHS is one of the private schools in Padang that uses Scola as an e-learning platform in biology learning even though learning is done offline. However, it has never been analyzed the success of the use of Scola in biology learning in high school deck with any instrument so it is not known the relationship of PU with ATU in students using Scola biology learning in DEK high school. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of PU with ATU in students using Scola biology learning at DEK high school. This type of research is descriptive correlation with quantitative approach conducted at DEK high school. The sample consisted of 48 students, in Class X Phase E, XI science, and XII science, with sampling techniques, namely total sampling techniques. Analysis of the data used is Pearson product moment correlation test and t test after knowing the normal distribution of data. The results of the study using Pearson product Moment correlation test showed a positive correlation with the value of r = 0.7587 (strong correlation) and the value of the count (7.899) > table (1.679). These results indicate that the hypothesis is accepted. Therefore, PU has a significant positive relationship to the Attitude towards Using (ATU) in students who use Scola biology learning at DEK high school.
生物学科的材料是广泛而抽象的概念,因此需要像e-learning这样的在线生物学习媒体。根据观察,Dedekadasi Edukasi Kualiva (DEK) SHS是巴东的一所私立学校,它使用斯科拉作为生物学习的电子学习平台,尽管学习是在线下进行的。然而,从未有研究分析过在高中生物学习中使用Scola的成功情况,因此不知道DEK高中学生使用Scola生物学习中PU与ATU的关系。摘要本研究的目的是探讨DEK高中学生在生物学习中的PU与ATU的关系。这种类型的研究是描述性相关与定量方法在DEK高中进行。在知道数据的正态分布后,使用Pearson积差相关检验和t检验对数据进行分析。使用Pearson积矩相关检验的研究结果显示,与r = 0.7587(强相关)和计数值(7.899)>呈正相关;表(1.679)。这些结果表明,假设是可以接受的。因此,在DEK高中使用Scola生物学习的学生中,PU与使用态度(ATU)有显著的正相关。
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引用次数: 0
Customer Relationship Management Moderation in School Selection at Al Ibrah Gresik 客户关系管理在学校选择中的调节作用
Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.36088/palapa.v11i2.3803
Triasmono Triasmono, Mu'minatus Sholichah, Eva Desembrianita
This research explores the moderating influence of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) on Word of Mouth (WOM), service quality, and school location in relation to school selection decisions at AI Ibrah Gresik Integrated Islamic Middle School. The study adopts a quantitative descriptive research approach and collects data from SD IT AI Ibrah and SMP IT AI Ibrah, situated in JI. Brotonegoro Gresik, East Java, Indonesia. Smart PLS 3 software is employed for data analysis. The study reveals several significant findings. Firstly, Word of Mouth (WOM) directly impacts election decision, where recommendations and experiences from others play a vital role in individuals' decision-making process. Secondly, service quality is identified as a crucial factor influencing election decision, as individuals tend to favor schools offering high-quality services. Additionally, school location has a direct influence on election decision, with geographical factors and accessibility significantly influencing parents' school choices. Moreover, Customer Relationship Management (CRM) also holds a direct impact on election decision. Effective interactions and communications between the school and parents substantially affect the decision-making process. Furthermore, CRM is observed to moderate the relationship between WOM and election decision, as well as the link between service quality and election decision. However, CRM is found to be incapable of moderating the interaction between school location and election decision.
本研究探讨了在AI Ibrah Gresik伊斯兰综合中学,客户关系管理(CRM)对口碑(口碑)、服务质量和学校位置的调节作用与学校选择决策的关系。本研究采用定量描述性研究方法,从位于JI的SD IT AI Ibrah和SMP IT AI Ibrah收集数据。Brotonegoro Gresik,东爪哇,印度尼西亚。采用Smart PLS 3软件进行数据分析。这项研究揭示了几个重要的发现。首先,口碑(Word of Mouth)直接影响选举决策,其中他人的建议和经验在个人决策过程中起着至关重要的作用。其次,服务质量被认为是影响选举决策的关键因素,因为个人倾向于选择提供高质量服务的学校。此外,学校位置直接影响家长的选择决策,地理因素和可达性显著影响家长的学校选择。此外,客户关系管理(CRM)对选举决策也有直接的影响。学校和家长之间的有效互动和沟通对决策过程有很大的影响。此外,我们观察到客户关系管理调节了口碑与选举决策之间的关系,以及服务质量与选举决策之间的联系。然而,研究发现客户关系管理不能调节学校选址与选择决策之间的交互作用。
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引用次数: 0
Implementasi Integrasi Sains dalam Pembelajaran Fikih di MAN 2 Mataram 在MAN 2 Mataram的Fikih学习中实施科学整合
Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.36088/palapa.v11i2.3917
Syamsul Arifin, Nur Hayati Mufida
This study aims to describe the practice of science integration in Fikih learning starting from the planning, implementation, and evaluation stages at MAN 2 Mataram. To achieve these objectives, this research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive-phenomenological nature and the researcher acts as a key instrument. Data collection techniques were carried out by means of literature review of textbooks and LKS, observation of learning activities, in-depth interviews about learning, and documentation regarding learning tools. This study obtained the following results 1) the implementation of science integration in the three stages of Jurisprudence learning is maximally carried out on subjects with circular patterns, while those with linear patterns, let alone parallels, are not very optimal; 2) Science integration is carried out based on formal and non-formal curricula or hidden curricullum specifically on circular subjects and only based on non-formal curricula specifically on linear subjects; 3) The type of science integration applied is semipermeable with four models; a) informative; b) confirmative; c) similarisation, and d) complementation; 4) In this science integration practice, madrasah teachers experience confusion and dilemma because there is no educational regulation governing science integration in learning. Therefore, to improve the quality of science integration practices in Islamic science learning, there needs to be regulations and supporting learning tools made by the Ministry of Religious Affairs.
本研究旨在描述科学整合在斐济语学习中的实践,从man2 Mataram的规划、实施和评估阶段开始。为了实现这些目标,本研究采用了具有描述现象学性质的定性方法,研究者作为关键工具。数据收集技术采用教科书和LKS文献综述、学习活动观察、学习深度访谈、学习工具文献等方法。本研究得出以下结论:(1)在法学学习的三个阶段中,圆形模式学科的科学整合实施效果最好,而线性模式学科的科学整合实施效果并不理想,更不用说平行模式了;2)科学整合主要基于循环学科的正式课程和非正式课程或隐藏课程,仅基于线性学科的非正式课程;(3)应用的科学整合类型是半渗透的,有四种模式;1)信息;b)确定的;C)相似,d)互补;(4)在这种科学整合实践中,由于没有规范科学整合学习的教育规范,伊斯兰学校教师经历了困惑和困境。因此,要提高伊斯兰科学学习中科学整合实践的质量,需要宗教事务部制定相应的法规和配套的学习工具。
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引用次数: 0
Metode An-Nur sebagai Manajemen Pembelajaran untuk Membentuk Generasi Qur’ani 安努尔的学习管理方法塑造了《古兰经》的一代
Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.36088/palapa.v11i2.3828
Muhammad Mushfi El Iq Bali, Siti Maisyaroh
This research is to find out the An-nur Method as learning management at the Tahfid An-nur Institute. This study aim is to reveal the planning, organizing, implementing, and evaluating learning. This study used a qualitative approach with a case study type, the research subjects consisted of heads of institutions, teacher and student. Research data obtained through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. Data analysis teachiques using data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study found that learning management used the An-Nur Method at the Tahfidz An-Nur Institute consisting of steps. First, learning planning was carried out using teaching materials in the form of books prepared by the head of the institution. Second, the organization of learning is carried out by the head of the institution, namely in the form of organizing the division of teaching tasks for children, organizing material and allocating time. Third, the implementation of learning is carried out by managing activities, including opening, core activities, and closing. Fourth, the learning evaluation evaluates of learning conducts an assessment of the learning process in the form of memorization deposits carried out by the ustadzah by going through the learning outcomes that have been achieved by the children. The results of this assessment can be seen in the ability of the memorizers to keep the Al-Qur’an memorize, this can be determined by the Tahfid An-Nur Institute.
本研究旨在找出安努尔方法在塔菲德安努尔学院的学习管理。本研究旨在揭示学习的计划、组织、实施与评估。本研究采用个案研究型定性研究方法,研究对象包括高校校长、教师和学生。通过深入访谈、观察和记录获得的研究数据。使用数据简化、数据呈现和得出结论的数据分析技巧。研究结果发现,Tahfidz An-Nur研究所的学习管理采用了由步骤组成的An-Nur方法。首先,利用学校负责人编写的书籍形式的教材进行学习规划。第二,组织学习由机构负责人进行,即以组织幼儿教学任务的分工、组织材料和分配时间的形式进行。第三,学习的实施是通过管理活动来进行的,包括开放、核心活动和关闭。第四,学习评价对学习进行评价,通过对儿童已经取得的学习成果进行评价,以教师进行记忆沉淀的形式对学习过程进行评价。这个评估的结果可以从背诵者背诵《古兰经》的能力上看出来,这可以由Tahfid An-Nur研究所来确定。
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引用次数: 0
Implementasi Lingkungan Bahasa bagi Penutur Non Arab di Pesantren Modern 在现代寄宿学校实现非阿拉伯人的语言环境
Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.36088/palapa.v11i2.3941
Cecep Sobar Rochmat, Nabielah Khusaini, Saiful Anwar, Mujib Abdurrahman
Learning Arabic appears to be very difficult for non-native Arabic speakers, particularly beginners. The purpose of this study is to determine the application of the Arabic language environment for the New Santriwati in the Islamic Modern Boarding School Darussalam Gontor. The development and deployment of a language environment, which comprises types, programs, supporting components, and obstacles in the creation of language environments, is a crucial component of this research. This study employs qualitative and descriptive research methods, exposing methods based on the reality of actual situations and data-gathering treatments such as interviews, observations, and documentation. According to the outcome of this study, the environment of language is divided into two parts: formal and non-formal. The presence of a program of language activities such as ilqo' Mufrodat, idhof lughowi, arabic speaking, tasyji'u lugho, muhaawarah usbu'iyyah, fun friday, etc. The presence of figures/Qudwah in the Arabic language at all times is the most crucial component for encouraging the development of the linguistic environment. Obstacles encountered in implementing the language environment for the new santriwati at the Modern Darussalam Gontor consist of the differences in the background of students in Arabic learning, a lack of curiosity for Arabic vocabulary, a student's weak capacity in studying the Arabic language, and the presence of elements of underestimation to the disciplinary rules. The solution is to organize communication business activities, motivate people to love Arabic and tighten up Arabic language discipline. The findings of this study should assist teachers in developing a more conducive linguistic environment.
对于非阿拉伯语母语者来说,学习阿拉伯语似乎非常困难,尤其是初学者。本研究的目的是确定新圣特里瓦蒂语环境在达鲁萨兰国贡托尔伊斯兰现代寄宿学校中的应用。语言环境的开发和部署是本研究的一个重要组成部分,它包括语言环境创建中的类型、程序、支持组件和障碍。本研究采用定性和描述性研究方法,揭示基于实际情况的方法,采用访谈、观察、文献等数据收集处理方法。根据本研究的结果,语言环境分为正式和非正式两部分。提供语言活动节目,如ilqo' Mufrodat, idhof lughowi,阿拉伯语,tasyji'u lugho, muhaawarah usbu'iyyah, fun friday等。阿拉伯语中的数字/Qudwah在任何时候都是鼓励语言环境发展的最重要组成部分。现代达鲁萨兰国贡托新santriwati在实施语言环境时遇到的障碍包括学生阿拉伯语学习背景的差异,对阿拉伯语词汇缺乏好奇心,学生学习阿拉伯语的能力较弱,以及对纪律规则存在低估的因素。解决办法是组织交流商务活动,激发人们热爱阿拉伯语,加强阿拉伯语学科。本研究结果应协助教师发展更有利的语言环境。
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引用次数: 0
Penggunaan Canva sebagai Media Pembelajaran Keterampilan Membaca Bahasa Arab Siswa Kelas X di MAN Kota Batu 作为石城X级阿拉伯语学生的学习媒体学习技能
Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.36088/palapa.v11i2.3612
Indah Rahmayanti, Abdul Muntaqim Al Anshory, R Taufiqurrochman, Sahrul Muhamad
In the digital era, learning activities must be adapted to developments in technology and information. Teachers are required to develop learning media creatively and innovatively. This study aims to determine the use of Canva as a medium for learning Arabic reading skills for class X students at MAN Batu City, student responses to the media and evaluate the use of the advantages and disadvantages. This research approach combines both qualitative and quantitative methods, employing data gathering techniques such as observation, interviews, and questionnaires. The research data respondents were 33 class X MAN Batu City students. The questionnaire instrument uses 13 statements with a Likert scale rating of 1-5 related to the use of Canva as a medium for learning Arabic reading skills for class X IPS 1 MAN Batu City. The results of the study show that using Canva as a media for reading skills is easy to use in learning, both in class and for independent study at home. Student response in using this media is also good. This can be seen from the results of the Pearson correlations for each item above 0.2826. So that the results of the questionnaire from students are valid. The 2-tailed significance of 0.000 <0.05 means that each item is correlated. So it can be concluded that student responses are acceptable. The advantages of using Canva are being able to make learning materials that are visually interesting and the drawbacks are requiring a stable internet network.
在数字时代,学习活动必须适应技术和信息的发展。教师需要创造性地、创新性地开发学习媒体。本研究旨在确定曼巴图市X班学生使用Canva作为学习阿拉伯语阅读技能的媒介,学生对该媒介的反应并评估其使用的利弊。这种研究方法结合了定性和定量方法,采用观察、访谈和问卷调查等数据收集技术。本研究数据为33名巴图市X MAN班学生。问卷工具使用13个陈述,李克特量表评分为1-5分,与使用Canva作为学习阿拉伯文阅读技能的媒介有关。研究结果表明,使用Canva作为学习阅读技能的媒介,无论是在课堂上还是在家庭独立学习中,都很容易使用。学生使用该媒体的反应也很好。这可以从高于0.2826的每个项目的Pearson相关性的结果中看出。使学生问卷调查的结果是有效的。双尾显著性为0.000 <0.05表示每个项目是相关的。因此可以得出结论,学生的回答是可以接受的。使用Canva的优点是能够制作视觉上有趣的学习材料,缺点是需要稳定的互联网网络。
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引用次数: 0
Pengaruh Hedonic Shopping Motive dan Visual Merchandising terhadap Impulse Buying dengan Shopping Lifestyle sebagai Variabel Intervening pada Konsumen Shopee di Kota Mataram 以马打兰市购物者的购物生活方式为干预变量,说明享乐型购物动机和视觉营销对冲动性购买的影响。
Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.36088/palapa.v11i2.4062
Tita Astiani, Riduan Mas’ud, Taufiq Gozi
With exists the development of fashion Of course It just has a big impact on the people who want it No Want to must follow existing trends, for all circles, especially in circles generation young. Next, there are advances in media that can said to the more advanced for example print media or electronic media, so the internet has an role important in sourcing information to the public about the latest fashion trends. Study This aims To test and analyze the influence of Hedonic Shopping Votive and Visual Merchandising on Impulse Buying with ShoppingLifestyle as a variable affecting Shopee consumers in Mataram City. Population in study This is consumers who use it Shopee platform. Taking samples with the technique of purposive sampling. Amount respondents is 100. The analysis technique used is SEM-PLS with Smart PLS 3.0 software. Research results This finds that there exists influence in a way directs Hedonic Shopping Motive and Shopping Lifestyle towards Impulse Buying, only Visual Merchandising is not influential in a way direct to Impulse Buying. Hedonic Shopping Motive and Visual Merchandising are not influential in a way direct to Impulse Buying. Shopping Lifestyle is not capable of becoming a liaison between Hedonic Shopping Motive and Visual Merchandising towards Impulse Buying consumers in shops on the Shopee platform.
当然,随着时尚的发展,它对那些想要它的人产生了很大的影响,没有人想要跟随现有的趋势,对于所有的圈子,尤其是在圈子里的年轻一代。其次,媒体的进步可以说是更先进的,例如印刷媒体或电子媒体,所以互联网在向公众提供有关最新时尚趋势的信息方面发挥着重要作用。本研究旨在以购物生活方式作为影响马塔兰市Shopee消费者的变量,检验和分析享乐购物观和视觉营销对冲动购买的影响。这是使用Shopee平台的消费者。采用目的抽样的方法取样。受访者人数为100人。使用的分析技术是SEM-PLS和Smart PLS 3.0软件。研究结果发现享乐购物动机和购物生活方式对冲动购买有一定的影响,只有视觉营销对冲动购买没有直接的影响。享乐购物动机和视觉营销在某种程度上对冲动购买没有直接的影响。购物生活方式无法成为Shopee平台店铺中冲动购买消费者的享乐购物动机和视觉营销之间的纽带。
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引用次数: 0
فعالية تطبيق لعبة سلسلة الهمس لترقية مهارة الاستماع لدى طلاب الصف الثاني من المدرسة الدينية بمعهد سونان غيري الإسلامية سورابايا 有效实施耳语系列游戏,以提高索南吉里伊斯兰学院二年级学生的听觉能力
Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.36088/palapa.v11i2.3796
Faruq Abdul Muid
The objectives of the research that the researchers conducted were to find out how the ability of Maharah Istima' was for Class II students at Madrasah Diniyah Pondok Pesantren Sunan Giri Surabaya, to find out how Maharah Istima' was able to play through the Whispering Chain Game Method for Class II students at Madrasah Diniyah Pondok Pesantren Sunan Giri. Surabaya, and to find out the effectiveness of the application of the Whisper Chain Game Method to Increase the Maharah Istima' of Class II Madrasah Diniyah Students, Pondok Pesantren Sunan Giri Surabaya. The type of this research is Quantitative Research using Pre Experimental Design method. The subject of this research is the second grade students of Madrasah Diniyah Pondok Pesantren Sunan Giri Surabaya. Meanwhile, the object of research is the Whispering Chain Game Method to Increase Maharah Istima' for Class II Students of Madrasah Diniyah Pondok Pesantren Sunan Giri Surabaya, then the data collection techniques that the author chooses are interviews, observations, and tests. The results of the study before the application of the whisper chain game method was that 50% of students had scores in the low and very low categories, after the application of the whisper chain game method and the Post Test, 88% of students had high grades, so it can be concluded that the whisper chain game method is effective in increasing the maharah istima’ for Class II students of Madrasah Diniyah Pondok Pesantren Sunan Giri Surabaya.
研究人员进行研究的目的是找出Maharah Istima'对于Madrasah Diniyah Pondok Pesantren Sunan Giri Surabaya II级学生的能力如何,以及Maharah Istima'如何能够通过Madrasah Diniyah Pondok Pesantren Sunan Giri II级学生的耳语链游戏方法进行游戏。Surabaya,并找出应用耳语链游戏方法来提高II班学生的Maharah Istima的有效性,Pondok Pesantren Sunan Giri Surabaya。本研究的类型为定量研究,采用预实验设计方法。本研究的对象是泗水圣学校的二年级学生。同时,本研究的对象为泗水大学二年级学生的“提高Maharah Istima”的窃窃私语链游戏方法,笔者选择的数据收集技术为访谈、观察和测试。在应用耳语链游戏方法之前的研究结果是50%的学生得分在低和极低类别,在应用耳语链游戏方法和Post Test之后,88%的学生得分较高,因此可以得出结论,耳语链游戏方法有效地提高了Madrasah Pondok Pesantren Sunan Giri Surabaya II班学生的maharah istima。
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引用次数: 0
Model Language Tests for the Writing Skill of the Beginner Level Based on CEFR (Common European Framework of Reference) 基于CEFR(欧洲共同参考框架)的初级写作水平语言测试模型
Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.36088/palapa.v11i2.4016
Ihwan Mahmudi, Shofiyyatun Nisa, Marheni Br Maha, Larasati Hasna
The Common European Framework of Reference for Language (CEFR), is a method and tool for measuring a person's language skills by using tests according to special procedures for classifying beginner, intermediate, and advanced-level abilities. Therefore, this measurement tool is one of the researchers' goals: to provide examples of various language tests of beginner's writing skills that are classified according to the CEFR measures at levels A1 and A2. This research will analyze examples of writing skill tests for beginners based on the CEFR method. This research was carried out using a desk study design with reading and writing data sources related to language testing forms based on the CEFR method and scoring techniques using desk research methods. The results of this research indicate that the CEFR method is effective for measuring students' abilities and that the writing skill test models can be classified for beginners.
欧洲共同语言参考框架(CEFR)是一种衡量一个人语言技能的方法和工具,通过根据对初级、中级和高级能力进行分类的特殊程序进行测试。因此,这个测量工具是研究人员的目标之一:提供各种语言测试的例子,初学者的写作技能,根据CEFR的措施在A1和A2级别进行分类。本研究将分析基于CEFR方法的初学者写作技能测试示例。本研究采用桌面研究设计,基于CEFR方法,使用与语言测试表格相关的阅读和写作数据源,并使用桌面研究方法进行评分。本研究的结果表明,CEFR方法可以有效地衡量学生的写作能力,并且写作技能测试模型可以为初学者分类。
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引用次数: 0
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Palapa Jurnal Studi Keislaman dan Ilmu Pendidikan
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