Food Policy最新文献

英文中文

The impacts of SNAP benefit reductions on participation: Evidence from emergency allotment expirations SNAP福利减少对参与的影响：来自紧急拨款到期的证据

IF 6 1区经济学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY

Food Policy

Pub Date : 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.102950

Jordan W. Jones , Reem Hashad

From 2020 to 2023, Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) benefits were supplemented by emergency allotments (EA) which, unlike regular benefits, were larger for SNAP households with higher net income. Several states ended EA issuance early before a nationwide expiration in early 2023, resulting in sharp monthly benefit reductions. We employ a staggered difference-in-differences approach to estimate the impacts of benefit reductions resulting from EA expiration on SNAP participation rates, investigating the roles of changing initial application and recertification rates in explaining these impacts, suggesting underlying changes in the returns to participation and household decision-making. We also employ interaction models to examine how impacts differed with income, extending these models to further investigate the role of income in EA expiration’s impacts on food insufficiency. Results indicate that early EA expiration reduced the SNAP participation rate by 1.48 percentage points on average. This reduction grew over time following expiration and was driven by a reduction in the number of initial applications to SNAP. Further, we estimate that reductions in SNAP participation were concentrated among relatively higher-income households who would have experienced larger reductions in benefit levels. We estimate a 3.10 percentage point increase in food insufficiency among households with income below the federal poverty level, and we find no corresponding evidence of increases for relatively higher-income households.

从2020年到2023年，补充营养援助计划（SNAP）的福利得到了紧急拨款（EA）的补充，与常规福利不同，对净收入较高的SNAP家庭来说，紧急拨款的数额更大。在2023年初全国范围内的EA到期之前，有几个州提前结束了EA的发放，导致每月的福利大幅减少。我们采用了一种交错差中差方法来估计EA到期导致的福利减少对SNAP参与率的影响，研究了初始申请和重新认证率变化在解释这些影响中的作用，表明参与回报和家庭决策的潜在变化。我们还采用交互作用模型来研究影响与收入的差异，并扩展这些模型来进一步研究收入在EA到期对食物不足的影响中的作用。结果表明，EA提前到期使SNAP参与率平均降低1.48个百分点。随着到期后的时间推移，这种减少有所增加，这是由于SNAP的初始申请数量减少所致。此外，我们估计，SNAP参与的减少集中在收入相对较高的家庭中，这些家庭的福利水平会出现更大的下降。我们估计，在收入低于联邦贫困线的家庭中，食物不足的情况增加了3.10个百分点，而在收入相对较高的家庭中，我们没有发现相应的证据。

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引用次数: 0

Hybrid agricultural extension and the adoption of climate-resilient varieties: Evidence from oil palm in the Amazon 杂交农业推广和适应气候变化品种的采用：来自亚马逊油棕的证据

IF 6 1区经济学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY

Food Policy

Pub Date : 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.102952

Alejandro Estefan , Romina Ordoñez , Cristina Parilli , Paul Winters

Climate change is forcing farmers worldwide to adopt more resilient crop varieties, but optimizing the yields of these varieties often requires new farming practices. We study whether hybrid agricultural extension can increase farmers’ knowledge and adoption of key practices needed to maximize the productivity of a pathogen-resistant hybrid oil palm variety in the Ecuadorian Amazon. Using a randomized field experiment involving palm farmers in two provinces, we test the separate and joint effects of in-person field days and personalized digital nudges. We find that field days and digital nudges are substitutes for improving farmers’ knowledge but affect digital engagement differently: In-person training raises engagement with sequential learning content, while digital nudges increase attention to specific, actionable information. Crucially, only in-person training leads to significant adoption of pollination practices and increased hybrid palm area. Our findings highlight both the promise and limits of digital-only extension models for supporting the adoption of resilient crops and associated yield-enhancing practices.

气候变化正迫使世界各地的农民采用更有弹性的作物品种，但优化这些品种的产量往往需要新的耕作方法。我们研究了杂交农业推广是否可以增加农民的知识和采用关键实践，以最大限度地提高厄瓜多尔亚马逊地区抗病原体杂交油棕品种的生产力。通过对两个省的棕榈农进行随机田间试验，我们测试了亲自田间日和个性化数字推动的单独和联合效应。我们发现，实地考察日和数字推动是提高农民知识的替代品，但对数字参与的影响不同：面对面培训提高了对顺序学习内容的参与，而数字推动增加了对具体、可操作信息的关注。至关重要的是，只有亲自培训才能导致授粉实践的显著采用和杂交棕榈面积的增加。我们的研究结果突出了数字推广模式在支持采用抗灾作物和相关增产实践方面的前景和局限性。

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引用次数: 0

Gender and food systems: Are global recommendations for sustainable food systems transformation also gender transformative? 性别与粮食系统：关于可持续粮食系统转型的全球建议是否也具有性别转型意义？

IF 6 1区经济学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY

Food Policy

Pub Date : 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.102943

S. Dysard , S. Mayhew , M. Ranganathan , P. Milsom , H. Walls

The globally dominant industrialised food system, which encompasses the interrelated actors and activities involved in producing, processing, distributing, preparing and consuming food, in its current form contributes to the global burden of food insecurity and malnutrition, and to environmental degradation and social inequities. Women are critical actors across all aspects of this food system, yet food systems also drive gender inequality, negatively impacting the health and wellbeing of women and girls globally. Addressing these systemic gender inequities is essential for food systems transformation, which requires the adoption of gender-transformative approaches (GTAs) in policymaking. This study assessed the level of gender inclusion in existing global-level food systems policy recommendations to identify gaps in the achievement of GTAs within sustainable food systems policymaking. We undertook a three‑step methodological approach: (i) identification and adaptation of a gender inclusion assessment tool through a scoping review; (ii) identification of global-level policies addressing food systems challenges; and (iii) gender inclusion policy analysis using the adapted assessment tool. The analysis revealed that most food systems policies recommended at the global level fail to integrate GTAs. Policies that were assessed showed limited consideration for gender equality and did not effectively address systemic gender inequities. The findings suggest that GTAs should be prioritised in food systems policymaking to address gender inequalities. There is scope for considerable gender inclusion assessment tool and framework development, but the gender inclusion assessment tool used in this study provides a foundational framework for future gender inclusion analysis in global food systems policy development.

全球占主导地位的工业化粮食系统，包括生产、加工、分配、准备和消费粮食所涉及的相互关联的行为者和活动，其目前的形式助长了全球粮食不安全和营养不良的负担，并加剧了环境退化和社会不平等。妇女是粮食系统各个方面的关键行为体，但粮食系统也助长了性别不平等，对全球妇女和女童的健康和福祉产生了负面影响。解决这些系统性性别不平等问题对于粮食系统转型至关重要，这需要在决策过程中采用性别变革方法。本研究评估了现有的全球粮食系统政策建议中的性别包容水平，以确定可持续粮食系统政策制定中实现gta方面的差距。我们采取了三步方法：(i)通过范围审查确定和调整性别包容评估工具；（ii）确定应对粮食系统挑战的全球层面政策；（三）使用适应性评估工具进行性别包容政策分析。分析显示，在全球一级推荐的大多数粮食系统政策未能纳入gta。评估的政策显示对性别平等的考虑有限，没有有效地解决系统性的性别不平等问题。研究结果表明，应在粮食系统政策制定中优先考虑gta，以解决性别不平等问题。性别包容评估工具和框架的开发还有很大的空间，但本研究中使用的性别包容评估工具为未来全球粮食系统政策制定中的性别包容分析提供了一个基础框架。

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引用次数: 0

Food price stabilization: theory and lessons from experience 粮食价格稳定：理论与经验教训

IF 6 1区经济学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY

Food Policy

Pub Date : 2025-09-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.102945

Paul Dorosh, Nicholas Minot, Shahidur Rashid

Many countries pursue food price stabilization through public grain reserves (also called buffer stocks or strategic grain reserves) or trade policy. Views of the economics profession on food price stabilization have evolved over time, however, with increased skepticism about economic planning and government market interventions since the mid-1980s. Nonetheless, recent spikes in international commodity prices during the Covid-19 pandemic and at the start of the war in Ukraine have stimulated another wave of interest in establishing or expanding strategic grain reserves and food-based safety net programs.

This article reviews the experience with food price stabilization, focusing on public grain reserves and trade policy. We summarize research on the theory of price stabilization and the challenges of stabilizing food prices in the face of volatile international prices, speculative attacks, imperfect information, and political interference. We also include empirical studies of how these programs function in seven countries. The review concludes with a summary of key lessons from country experiences and suggestions for further research.

许多国家通过公共粮食储备（也称为缓冲储备或战略粮食储备）或贸易政策来实现粮食价格稳定。然而，经济学专业人士对食品价格稳定的看法随着时间的推移而演变，自20世纪80年代中期以来，对经济计划和政府市场干预的怀疑日益增加。尽管如此，最近在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间和乌克兰战争开始时，国际商品价格飙升，再次激发了人们对建立或扩大战略粮食储备和粮食安全网计划的兴趣。本文回顾了粮食价格稳定的经验，重点是公共粮食储备和贸易政策。我们总结了价格稳定理论的研究，以及在国际价格波动、投机攻击、不完全信息和政治干预的情况下稳定食品价格的挑战。我们还包括对这些项目在七个国家如何运作的实证研究。审查最后总结了各国经验的主要教训和对进一步研究的建议。

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引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “Methane from cattle: facing realities in the global south”. [Food Policy, 136 (2025) 102949] “牛的甲烷：面对南半球的现实”的勘误表。[粮食政策，136 (2025)102949]

IF 6 1区经济学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY

Food Policy

Pub Date : 2025-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.102964

Robert Paarlberg

引用次数: 0

Joint agricultural input use and food security: evidence from Tanzania 联合农业投入物使用与粮食安全：来自坦桑尼亚的证据

IF 6 1区经济学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY

Food Policy

Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.102948

Srabashi Ray

The joint use of hybrid seeds and inorganic fertilizer, at appropriate levels, is necessary to boost cereal productivity by supplementing soil nutrients in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). While these two inputs are ‘paired’ together for integrated soil nutrient management, empirical studies often focus on the use of one of these inputs as a dichotomous choice. This study models the joint use of hybrid seeds and inorganic fertilizer and its impact on different dimensions of food security. The analysis is based on a sample of 1,653 unique maize growing households (3,306 observations) over 4 rounds of the Living Standards Measurements Study – Integrated Surveys of Agriculture (LSMS-ISA) from Tanzania, spanning 10 years between 2010/11 to 2020/21. The Multinomial Endogenous Switching Regression with Correlated Random Effects (MESR + CRE) models self-selection into four potential regimes of input use. The results show that the Average Treatment on the Treated (ATT) of joint inputs use increased maize productivity by 17–39 % and improved food utilization with more diverse diets, by 1.9 food groups in some cases. Further, Average Treatment on the Untreated (ATU) estimates show that farms that do not use both inputs could improve their food security. However, the improvements are restricted by low profitability or even losses under joint input use. Sub-sample analysis in this study shows that the treatment effects are quite heterogenous. Households with more exposure to heat and moisture stress and limited access to services face lower profitability on adoption, limiting the impact on food security outcomes. The findings from this study suggest more targeted approaches to incentivize joint input use and diversification of strategies since agricultural input-based interventions may have limited impacts for households exposed to adverse weather and experiencing severe food insecurity.

在撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA），必须在适当水平上联合使用杂交种子和无机肥料，通过补充土壤养分来提高谷物生产力。虽然这两种投入“配对”在一起用于综合土壤养分管理，但实证研究往往侧重于将其中一种投入作为一种二分选择。本研究模拟了杂交种子与无机肥料的联合使用及其对粮食安全不同维度的影响。该分析基于坦桑尼亚生活水平测量研究-农业综合调查（lsm - isa）的4轮抽样（3306个观察值），时间跨度为2010/11至2020/21年，共10年。基于相关随机效应的多项内生转换回归（MESR + CRE）模型对四种潜在的投入使用机制进行了自我选择。结果表明，联合投入品使用的平均处理（ATT）使玉米产量提高了17 - 39%，并通过更多样化的饮食提高了粮食利用率，在某些情况下提高了1.9个食物组。此外，未经处理的平均处理量（ATU）估计表明，不使用这两种投入物的农场可以改善其粮食安全。然而，在联合投入使用的情况下，这种改进受到低利润率甚至亏损的限制。本研究的子样本分析表明，处理效果具有较大的异质性。受湿热压力影响更大且获得服务的机会有限的家庭在采用方面的盈利能力较低，从而限制了对粮食安全结果的影响。本研究的结果建议采取更有针对性的方法来激励投入的联合使用和战略的多样化，因为基于农业投入的干预措施对面临恶劣天气和严重粮食不安全的家庭的影响可能有限。

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引用次数: 0

Tariffs and U.S. beer demand: How protectionist policies could impact market shares and consumer welfare 关税和美国啤酒需求：保护主义政策如何影响市场份额和消费者福利

IF 6 1区经济学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY

Food Policy

Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.102947

Aaron J. Staples , Michael McCullough

Tariffs disrupt global food and beverage trade patterns. This includes the U.S. beer industry, which relies on international trade for agricultural and non-agricultural input exchange, as well as on the global distribution networks of a few multinational beer firms. This study uses a discrete choice experiment, latent class modeling, and market simulations to assess the potential effects of tariffs on beer demand, market shares, and consumer welfare. The results suggest that while tariffs could stimulate domestic production, any gains in domestic market share will most likely be concentrated among multinational firms rather than the nearly 10,000 small, independently-owned craft breweries. In fact, the craft beer industry could lose market share if limited economies of scale, greater reliance on imported materials, and restricted supply chain flexibility lead to higher proportional price increases compared to non-craft domestic beer. This could threaten the long-term financial sustainability of some small businesses and have ripple effects across broader local economies. Recognizing that consumers share the burden imposed by tariffs, the results also indicate that tariffs decrease consumer welfare by $59.1 to $306.4 million, with the magnitude of the estimate depending on the tariff regime and corresponding retail price increases. Taken together, the results provide important context on how tariff policy could impact the investment decisions of multinational firms, affect small businesses, and negatively impact consumer well-being. These insights have implications for policymakers and industry stakeholders navigating the rapidly evolving international trade landscape.

关税扰乱了全球食品和饮料贸易格局。这包括美国啤酒行业，它依赖于农业和非农业投入交换的国际贸易，以及一些跨国啤酒公司的全球分销网络。本研究采用离散选择实验、潜在阶级模型和市场模拟来评估关税对啤酒需求、市场份额和消费者福利的潜在影响。结果表明，虽然关税可以刺激国内生产，但国内市场份额的任何增长都很可能集中在跨国公司身上，而不是近万家小型、独立拥有的精酿啤酒厂。事实上，如果规模经济有限，对进口原料的依赖程度更高，供应链灵活性受限，导致价格涨幅高于非精酿国产啤酒，精酿啤酒行业可能会失去市场份额。这可能会威胁到一些小企业的长期财务可持续性，并对更广泛的地方经济产生连锁反应。考虑到消费者分担关税带来的负担，研究结果还表明，关税使消费者福利减少了591亿至3.064亿美元，估计的幅度取决于关税制度和相应的零售价格上涨。综上所述，这些结果为关税政策如何影响跨国公司的投资决策、影响小企业并对消费者福祉产生负面影响提供了重要背景。这些见解对决策者和行业利益相关者在快速变化的国际贸易格局中导航具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

Methane from cattle: facing realities in the global south 牛的甲烷：面对南半球的现实

IF 6 1区经济学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY

Food Policy

Pub Date : 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.102949

Robert Paarlberg

引用次数: 0

Policy comment on innovating Australian RD&E institutions: A triple-helix policy framework for sustainable food systems 对创新澳大利亚研发与研究机构的政策评论：可持续粮食系统的三重螺旋政策框架

IF 6 1区经济学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY

Food Policy

Pub Date : 2025-08-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.102940

Lijun Summerhayes , Douglas Baker

引用次数: 0

Multi-scalar policy uptake of the six-dimensional food security framework 六维粮食安全框架的多尺度政策吸收

IF 6 1区经济学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY

Food Policy

Pub Date : 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.102936

Jennifer Clapp , William G. Moseley , Paola Termine , Barbara Burlingame

In 2022, along with colleagues, we proposed a six-dimensional food security framework in a Food Policy viewpoint article that argued for the need to expand the commonly cited four pillar approach (availability, access, utilization and stability) by adding two additional dimensions: agency and sustainability. The proposal was not just for a new conceptual framework for scholarly analysis, but also for its application in policy settings. Over three years later, we are humbled to see widespread uptake of our call to embrace agency and sustainability as dimensions of food security in multiple tyles of policy settings at different scales. This brief policy comment outlines the growing recognition and application of the six-dimensional framework for food security in policy contexts from the global to the local level. We are hopeful that the growing application of this idea will help to make improvements in the global quest to end hunger.

2022年，我们与同事一起在《粮食政策》观点文章中提出了一个六维粮食安全框架，认为有必要通过增加两个额外维度：机构和可持续性，来扩展常用的四支柱方法（可用性、获取、利用和稳定性）。该建议不仅为学术分析提供了一个新的概念框架，而且还将其应用于政策制定。三年多过去了，我们谦卑地看到，我们的呼吁得到了广泛响应，即在不同规模的多种类型的政策制定中，将能动性和可持续性作为粮食安全的两个维度。这篇简短的政策评论概述了从全球到地方的政策背景下对粮食安全六维框架的日益认识和应用。我们希望，越来越多地应用这一想法将有助于在全球消除饥饿的努力中取得进展。

引用次数: 0

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