Fuel Processing Technology最新文献_第3页

Fischer–tropsch synthesis in a three-phase slurry reactor: Fe/HAp versus commercial Nanocat® for liquid hydrocarbon production 三相浆状反应器中的费托合成：Fe/HAp与商用Nanocat®用于液态烃生产

IF 7.7 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Fuel Processing Technology

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108386

Sabrina B. Karakache, Maxime Lafond, Nicolas Abatzoglou, Inès E. Achouri

In this study, hydroxyapatite (HAp) is investigated as a catalyst support for Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) using iron as the active metal. The reaction is performed in a continuous stirred-tank reactor (CSTR), providing superior temperature control and enhanced gas–solid interactions. The Fe/HAp catalyst is benchmarked against a commercial ferric oxide catalyst (Nanocat®), and the effects of the CO/H₂ feed ratio, temperature, and gas space velocity (SV) on the catalytic performance are evaluated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis reveals strong Fe–HAp interactions, leading to iron phosphide (Fe₂P) formation, which enhances iron dispersion and mitigates sintering. Scanning transmission electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (STEM-EDS) confirms a uniform iron distribution with an average particle size of 5 nm. Performance tests show that Fe/HAp maintains stable CO conversion (40 %) at a high SV (12,050 mL·g⁻¹·h⁻¹, 250 °C), whereas Nanocat® deactivates rapidly, mainly due to severe sintering. Both catalysts exhibit high C₅₊ hydrocarbon selectivity (>90 %); Fe/HAp favors gasoline (32 %), while Nanocat® favors diesel (33 %) at 250 °C. Notably, Fe/HAp promotes olefin selectivity (50 %) at 220 °C and an H₂/CO ratio of 1, whereas increasing the H₂/CO ratio to 2 enhances oxygenate formation (35 %). These findings highlight HAp as a promising support for modifying Fischer–Tropsch selectivity while ensuring catalyst stability.

本文研究了羟基磷灰石（HAp）作为铁为活性金属的费托合成（FTS）催化剂载体。该反应在连续搅拌槽反应器（CSTR）中进行，提供了优越的温度控制和增强的气固相互作用。Fe/HAp催化剂与商用氧化铁催化剂（Nanocat®）进行了基准测试，并评估了CO/H2进料比、温度和气体空速（SV）对催化性能的影响。x射线衍射（XRD）分析表明，Fe-HAp相互作用强，形成磷化铁（Fe2P），增强了铁的分散性，减缓了烧结过程。扫描透射电子显微镜与能量色散x射线能谱（STEM-EDS）证实了铁均匀分布，平均粒径为5 nm。性能测试表明，Fe/HAp在高SV （12,050 mL·g−1·h−1,250°C）下保持稳定的CO转化率（40%），而Nanocat®则快速失活，主要是由于严重的烧结。两种催化剂均具有较高的C5+选择性（90%）；在250°C时，Fe/HAp倾向于汽油（32%），而Nanocat®倾向于柴油（33%）。值得注意的是，在220°C和H2/CO比为1时，Fe/HAp可促进烯烃选择性（50%），而将H2/CO比提高到2时，可促进氧化产物形成（35%）。这些发现突出了HAp作为在确保催化剂稳定性的同时改变费托选择性的有希望的支持。

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引用次数: 0

μCT based quantification of pellet char morphology: Effects of biomass pelletization and fluidized bed pyrolysis μCT对颗粒形态的定量分析：生物质颗粒化和流化床热解的影响

IF 7.7 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Fuel Processing Technology

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108377

Abdullah Sadeq , Marian Schmitt , Shen Wang , Sophia Rothberg , Swantje Pietsch-Braune , Laihong Shen , Stefan Heinrich

Spruce wood pellets were produced with flat dies of different press-channel diameter-to-length ratios (1:3, 1:4, 1:5) and pyrolyzed at 900 °C for 4 min in a fluidized bed (FLB) and, for comparison, in a control setup (CS) where hot gas flowed around the pellets. The study includes (a) implementing a μCT radial porosity analysis to relate pellet-char structure to mechanical stability across distinct gas–solid contacting modes; (b) developing a μCT-based sand correction to separate entrained quartz from pellet char, reconciling image- and density-derived porosities; and (c) providing μCT evidence of fines enrichment toward the pellet core prior to pyrolysis, consistent with central-cavity formation under FLB conditions. FLB-pyrolysis yielded degraded pellet chars with pine cone-like morphology and large central cavities; μCT-resolved porosity increased by 6–12× relative to the wood pellets, depending on initial density. CS-pyrolysis produced chars that retained cylindrical shape and radial porosity distributions similar to untreated pellets, albeit at higher absolute porosity. The sand-mass correction indicated small fractions that minimally affected partial porosity but biased density-derived values. Across both conditions, extensive carbonization and loss of inter-particle bonding led to strength ranked 1:5 > 1:4 > 1:3, mirroring initial pellet quality.

云杉木颗粒是用不同的压道直径与长度比（1:3,1:4,1:5）的扁平模具生产的，在流化床（FLB）中900°C热解4分钟，作为比较，在控制装置（CS）中，热气体在颗粒周围流动。该研究包括(a)通过μCT径向孔隙度分析，将颗粒-炭结构与不同气固接触模式下的机械稳定性联系起来；(b)开发了一种基于μ ct的砂岩校正方法，以从颗粒炭中分离夹带石英，协调图像和密度衍生的孔隙度；(c)提供μCT证据，证明颗粒在热解前向球团芯富集，与FLB条件下形成中心空腔一致。flb热解制得松果状、中心空腔大的降解球团炭；μ ct分辨孔隙度相对于木屑颗粒增加6 - 12倍，取决于初始密度。cs热解产生的炭保留了与未经处理的球团相似的圆柱形和径向孔隙度分布，尽管具有更高的绝对孔隙度。砂岩质量校正表明，较小的分数对部分孔隙度影响最小，但对密度衍生值有偏差。在这两种条件下，广泛的碳化和颗粒间结合的丧失导致强度排名为1:5 >； 1:4 > 1:3，反映了初始球团质量。

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引用次数: 0

Contrasting morphology and oxidation kinetics in forward and reverse smolder-derived chars from pine needles 对比松针正、反向阴烧炭的形态和氧化动力学

IF 7.7 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Fuel Processing Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108382

Jiuling Yang , Lei Yang , Jiepei Xu , Jie Zhang , Shiqi Wu , Haoyang Qin

Smoldering is categorized into forward and reverse modes, propagating with or against the wind orientation. The inherent structural heterogeneity and complex smoldering dynamics of forest residues have left their bioenergy potential underexplored under contrasting airflows. This study combined multi-scale characterization (μ-CT, SEM, Micro-FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, and coupled TG-FTIR-MS) to reveal the distinct physicochemical properties of pine needles (PN) and its smolder-derived chars. The results revealed that PN features a multiscale pore structure across its inter- and intra-particle regions, as characterized by μ-CT and SEM, respectively. The char produced by forward smoldering (FSC) exhibited denser and thicker-walled pores (5–20 μm), whereas the char produced by reverse smoldering (RSC) retained loose and thinner-walled pores (>20 μm). The thermal stability of RSC was reduced due to its less-ordered carbon structure, as evidenced by the Micro-FTIR and Raman analysis. At 200–400 °C, RSC exhibited higher activation energy than FSC (135.98 vs. 92.10 kJ/mol), indicating its greater resistance to initial oxidation. However, RSC's activation energy became lower (101.89 vs. 113.66 kJ/mol) at 400–500 °C, reflecting the enhanced reactivity of the secondary char oxidation. These findings pave the way for tailoring smoldering conditions (e.g., wind orientation and temperature) to convert forest residues into chars with desired reactivity for bioenergy applications.

阴燃分为正向和反向两种模式，随风向或逆风向传播。森林残留物固有的结构异质性和复杂的阴燃动力学使其在不同气流下的生物能源潜力未得到充分开发。本研究结合多尺度表征（μ-CT、SEM、Micro-FTIR、Raman光谱和耦合TG-FTIR-MS）揭示了松针（PN）及其阴烧衍生炭的独特理化性质。结果表明，通过μ-CT和SEM分别表征了PN在颗粒间和颗粒内具有多尺度孔隙结构。正向阴燃（FSC）制得的炭具有致密且壁厚的孔隙（5 ~ 20 μm），而反向阴燃（RSC）制得的炭具有松散且壁薄的孔隙（20 μm）。显微ftir和拉曼光谱分析表明，RSC的碳结构不有序，导致其热稳定性降低。在200 ~ 400℃时，RSC比FSC表现出更高的活化能（135.98 kJ/mol比92.10 kJ/mol），表明RSC具有更强的抗初始氧化能力。400 ~ 500℃时，RSC的活化能降低（101.89比113.66 kJ/mol），反应活性增强。这些发现为调整阴燃条件（例如，风向和温度）铺平了道路，从而将森林残留物转化为具有所需反应性的木炭，用于生物能源应用。

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引用次数: 0

Directional upgrading of biomass pyrolysis oil to bio-phenol via copper valence state regulation in CuxOy@Fe3O4–1.0 catalyst 在CuxOy@Fe3O4 -1.0催化剂中铜价态调控生物质热解油定向升级为生物酚

IF 7.7 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Fuel Processing Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108385

Lijuan Zhu , Can Zhu , Biyun Yu , Minghui Fan , Quanxin Li

The directed synthesis of bio-based phenol using renewable bio-oil resources has important scientific significance and potential application value in promoting the efficient utilization of renewable biomass resources and the development of high-value bio-based chemicals. This work reveals the selective synthesis of bio-based phenol by regulating the valence state of copper through the reduction of copper-based magnetic catalysts. This new controllable conversion process is achieved through the coupling of selective catalytic pyrolysis of bio-oil to prepare benzene intermediates and subsequent catalytic hydroxylation process. A comprehensive investigation was conducted on the catalytic performance, material characteristics, effects of reaction parameters, as well as the stability and reusability of the catalysts. The combination of zinc oxide modified zeolite catalyst and reduced magnetic catalyst significantly improved the yield of phenol in the catalytic conversion of bio-oil. Under optimized reaction conditions (70 °C, 3 h), the Cu_xO_y@Fe₃O₄–1.0 catalyst achieved the highest phenol selectivity(91.8 %) and yield(35.9 %). Meanwhile, the catalyst exhibits excellent magnetic separation and recovery performance during the catalytic hydroxylation process.

利用可再生生物油资源定向合成生物基苯酚，对促进可再生生物质资源的高效利用和开发高价值生物基化学品具有重要的科学意义和潜在的应用价值。本研究揭示了通过还原铜基磁性催化剂调控铜价态来选择性合成生物基苯酚。这种新的可控转化过程是通过生物油选择性催化热解制备苯中间体和随后的催化羟基化过程耦合实现的。对催化剂的催化性能、材料特性、反应参数的影响以及催化剂的稳定性和可重复使用性进行了全面的研究。氧化锌改性沸石催化剂与还原磁性催化剂的组合，显著提高了生物油催化转化中苯酚的收率。在优化的反应条件下（70℃，3 h）， CuxOy@Fe3O4 -1.0催化剂的苯酚选择性最高（91.8%），收率最高（35.9%）。同时，该催化剂在催化羟基化过程中表现出优异的磁分离和回收性能。

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引用次数: 0

Pretreatment of fast pyrolysis bio-oil by slurry hydroprocessing 浆体加氢预处理快速热解生物油

IF 7.7 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Fuel Processing Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108384

Niklas Bergvall , Ole Reinsdorf , Olov G.W. Öhrman , Linda Sandström

In this work, fast pyrolysis bio-oil (FPBO) has been hydroprocessed in a continuous pilot scale slurry process utilizing unsupported molybdenum sulfide catalyst with the aim of producing a partially upgraded oil product suitable for processing in conventional fixed bed hydrotreaters into final hydrocarbons. Screening of process parameters in the slurry-process revealed that changes in reaction pressure (70–140 bar) had minimal effect on the amount of H₂ consumed, while increases in temperature (350–390 °C) or catalyst loading (0.25–0.5 wt% Mo) resulted in increased H₂-consumption. A higher level of H₂-consumption was, in turn, strongly linked to improved properties, but reduced yield, of the oil product. Recirculation of used slurry catalyst back to the process was also demonstrated in continuous operation of the pilot plant for over 60 h and ten reactor passes of the catalyst. Although an initial decrease in the catalytic activity was observed, the catalyst quickly attained a stable and still relatively high performance. The results show that, using the slurry-process, it is possible to obtain a partially upgraded FPBO with significantly improved properties, such as low coke formation tendencies and minimal levels of inorganics.

在这项工作中，快速热解生物油（FPBO）在连续中试规模的浆体工艺中使用无负载硫化钼催化剂进行加氢处理，目的是生产部分升级的成品油，适合在常规固定床加氢处理装置中加工成最终的碳氢化合物。浆料过程中工艺参数的筛选表明，反应压力（70-140 bar）的变化对H2消耗的影响很小，而温度（350-390°C）或催化剂负载（0.25-0.5 wt% Mo）的增加会导致H2消耗增加。高水平的h2消耗反过来又与石油产品性能的改善密切相关，但降低了产量。在中试装置连续运行超过60小时，催化剂经过10次反应器，还演示了将使用过的浆料催化剂再循环回工艺。虽然最初观察到催化活性下降，但催化剂很快获得了稳定且仍然相对较高的性能。结果表明，采用浆料法，可以获得部分升级的FPBO，其性能显著改善，如结焦倾向低，无机物含量最低。

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引用次数: 0

Feasibility of plasma-assisted CO2 conversion of biomass with enhanced conversion and efficiency in a rotating gliding arc-spouted bed system 等离子体辅助生物质CO2转化的可行性，在旋转滑动弧喷床系统中提高转化和效率

IF 7.7 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Fuel Processing Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108383

Hyoungjoon Kwon , Seunguk Jung , Soonho Song

This study investigates the enhancement of CO₂ reforming efficiency in biomass through the use of a rotating gliding arc (RGA) plasma system. This study investigates how the synergistic effects of biomass and catalytic metals influence CO₂ reforming to enhance CO₂ conversion and energy efficiency. The addition of biomass suppressed recombination reactions by consuming reactive oxygen species, leading to increased CO₂ conversion. The CO₂ conversion increased from 6.8 % (CO₂-Only) to 8.5 % (CO₂-Biomass) and further to 10.3 % (CO₂-Biomass-Catalyst) at an input power of 1200 W. Energy efficiency reached 33 % in the CO₂-BMC (biomass loaded with alkali or alkaline earth metal catalysts) experiment; a 3.3-fold increase compared to 10 % in the CO₂-Only experiment. Additionally, the CO₂ consumption rate increased from 0.40 mmol/s to 0.66 mmol/s, representing a 64.1 % increase, while the CO production rate rose from 0.83 mmol/s to 1.23 mmol/s. These results confirm that plasma-catalyst synergy can enhance CO₂ reforming efficiency, providing a sustainable approach to both energy production and CO₂ utilization.

本研究通过使用旋转滑动电弧等离子体系统来提高生物质中CO2的转化效率。本研究探讨了生物质和催化金属的协同效应如何影响CO2重整以提高CO2转化率和能源效率。生物质的加入通过消耗活性氧抑制了重组反应，导致CO2转化率增加。当输入功率为1200 W时，二氧化碳转化率从6.8%（仅二氧化碳）增加到8.5%（二氧化碳-生物质），进一步增加到10.3%（二氧化碳-生物质-催化剂）。在CO2-BMC（负载碱或碱土金属催化剂的生物质）实验中，能源效率达到33%；与纯二氧化碳实验的10%相比，增加了3.3倍。此外，CO2消耗率从0.40 mmol/s增加到0.66 mmol/s，增加了64.1%，而CO产量从0.83 mmol/s增加到1.23 mmol/s。这些结果证实，等离子体-催化剂协同作用可以提高二氧化碳转化效率，为能源生产和二氧化碳利用提供了可持续的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Optimising and up-scaling residual grassland biomass use through sequential base-acid conditioning 通过序贯酸碱调节优化和扩大草地剩余生物量利用

IF 7.7 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Fuel Processing Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108380

Hafiz Ali Raza , Viktoria Scheff , Matthias Karl von Ahn , David Laner , Kathrin Stenchly , Michael Wachendorf , Korbinian Kaetzl

The conversion of species-rich, structurally complex grassland biomass from landscape management into high-quality solid fuel and biogas poses significant environmental and technological challenges due to its high mineral content and low energy density. This study explores an advanced adaptation of the Integrated Generation of Solid Fuel and Biogas from Biomass (IFBB) process, incorporating a sequential base–acid treatment (IFBB-B/A) with sodium hydroxide and acetic acid, tailored for such feedstocks. Optimised through systematic lab-scale trials, the improved IFBB-B/A process demonstrated superior enrichment of energy-relevant constituents (cellulose +54 %, volatile matter +13 %, carbon +6.4 %) compared to conventional IFBB, enhancing higher heating value (+5.5 %) and significantly reducing ash content (−81 %). Upon scaling to industrial screw-press equipment, IFBB-B/A maintained robust performance, achieving high ash reduction (−71 %), improved thermochemical fuel quality, reduced slagging potential (slagging index reduced from 5.2 to 2.1), and increased sulphur-to‑chlorine ratio (from 1.9 to 13.5), thus minimising corrosion risk. Press fluid from industrial-scale IFBB-B/A yielded over 500 Ln CH₄/kgVS and methane concentrations above 85 vol%, underscoring the process's capability for efficient production of high-quality biogas and solid fuels from challenging biomass sources. The findings confirm the potential role of species-rich grassland biomass for decentralised provision of renewable energy.

由于高矿物质含量和低能量密度，将物种丰富、结构复杂的草地生物质从景观管理转化为高质量的固体燃料和沼气带来了重大的环境和技术挑战。本研究探索了生物质固体燃料和沼气综合生产（IFBB）工艺的高级适应性，结合了为此类原料量身定制的氢氧化钠和乙酸的顺序碱酸处理（IFBB- b / a）。经过系统的实验室规模试验优化，改进的IFBB- b /A工艺与传统IFBB相比，具有更高的能量相关成分（纤维素+ 54%，挥发物+ 13%，碳+ 6.4%）富集，提高了热值（+ 5.5%），显著降低了灰分含量（- 81%）。在扩展到工业螺杆压机设备后，IFBB-B/A保持了强大的性能，实现了高灰分减少（- 71%），改善了热化学燃料质量，降低了结渣潜力（结渣指数从5.2降至2.1），提高了硫氯比（从1.9降至13.5），从而最大限度地降低了腐蚀风险。工业级IFBB-B/A的压榨液产量超过500 Ln CH₄/kgVS，甲烷浓度超过85 vol%，强调了该工艺从具有挑战性的生物质资源中高效生产高质量沼气和固体燃料的能力。这些发现证实了物种丰富的草地生物量在分散提供可再生能源方面的潜在作用。

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引用次数: 0

Selective hydrocracking of polystyrene waste over Pt- and Ru-supported zeolite catalysts into high yield LPG and ethylbenzene 聚苯乙烯废料在Pt和ru负载的沸石催化剂上选择性加氢裂化制备高产LPG和乙苯

IF 7.7 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Fuel Processing Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108364

Olajumoke Alabi-Babalola , Edidiong Asuquo , Hassan Alhassawi , Mujtba Alnasser , Amal Nadri , Sarayute Chansai , Carmine D'Agostino , Arthur Garforth

This work investigates the chemical upcycling of non-biodegradable polystyrene waste into useful industrial products via catalytic hydrocracking. Zeolite-Y and ZSM-5 catalysts were impregnated with platinum and ruthenium and used in the conversion of polystyrene waste into the highly-desirable liquified natural gases and liquid ethylbenzene. Reactions carried out in a Parr reactor gave C₃

-

C₄ gas selectivity of 60–67% for Pt-doped and 41–74 % for Ru-doped HY catalyst, while the Pt-doped ZSM-5 gave 94–96% C₂

-

C₄ selectivity of the total gas products. Liquid analysis revealed both Pt and Ru were selective towards single-ring aromatics, notably ethylbenzene: 37–44%. However, Pt-ZSM-5 gave negligible liquid products due to its relatively larger pore sizes (3.8 nm) which promotes faster mass transport leading to more cracking and less secondary reactions. Higher pressures significantly increased feedstock to fluid conversion from 37 to 73% at 15 and 25 bar H₂ respectively. Longer reaction times and lower polymer : catalyst ratios enhanced hydrogenation and ring opening reactions to give lower molecular weight compounds

\leq

C₈ and cycloalkanes. Spent catalysts were reused four times and similar ethylbenzene selectivity obtained, hence indicating excellent catalyst stability. We present a waste management control strategy in the feedstock recycling of plastic waste using bifunctional catalysts to produce fuels, whilst promoting alternative sources to the growing energy demand and environmentally benign synthetic routes in the petrochemical industry.

本文研究了通过催化加氢裂化将不可生物降解的聚苯乙烯废料化学升级为有用的工业产品。用铂和钌浸渍沸石- y和ZSM-5催化剂，将聚苯乙烯废料转化为高要求的液化天然气和液态乙苯。在Parr反应器中进行反应，pt掺杂的C3 - C4气体选择性为60-67%，ru掺杂的HY催化剂为41 - 74%，而pt掺杂的ZSM-5对总气体产物的C2 - C4选择性为94-96%。液相分析结果表明，Pt和Ru对单环芳烃均有选择性，对乙苯的选择性为37-44%。然而，Pt-ZSM-5的液体产物可以忽略不计，因为其相对较大的孔径（3.8 nm）促进了更快的质量传递，导致更多的开裂和更少的二次反应。在H2为15 bar和25 bar时，较高的压力显著提高了原料到流体的转化率，分别从37%提高到73%。较长的反应时间和较低的聚合物：催化剂比例增强了氢化和开环反应，得到了分子量≤C8和环烷烃的较低化合物。用过的催化剂重复使用4次，得到了类似的乙苯选择性，表明催化剂稳定性好。我们提出了一种废物管理控制策略，在塑料废物的原料回收中使用双功能催化剂来生产燃料，同时促进替代来源，以满足日益增长的能源需求和石化行业的环保合成路线。

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引用次数: 0

Synthesis, characterization, and performance of a novel static dissipative additive for refined oils via quaternary ammonium segment modification 一种新型季铵段改性成品油静态耗散添加剂的合成、表征及性能研究

IF 7.7 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Fuel Processing Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108381

Kunyu Li, Zhanpeng Lu, Tiantian Zhang, Zuo Wang, Zhijie Wang, Zhengsheng Ma

Refined oils, such as gasoline, diesel, and aviation kerosene, are primarily composed of hydrocarbon compounds. As poor electrical conductors, these oils accumulate static charges through friction during storage, transportation, and handling. When charge accumulation exceeds a critical threshold, electrostatic discharge phenomenon will occur, posing significant fire and explosion risks. The incorporation of static dissipative additives into oil products is an effective method for preventing and mitigating electrostatic hazards. In this study, polymer segment modification technology was employed to introduce hydrophobic higher alkyl acrylate segments into the unsaturated CC of the quaternary ammonium salt monomer methylacryloyloxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride. This approach led to the initial synthesis of a novel hydrophobic polyquaternary ammonium compound that retained the antistatic properties inherent to quaternary ammonium groups while achieving compatibility with oil matrices. The structure and morphology of the polymeric product were characterized using instrumental analysis techniques, confirming its successful synthesis. Further evaluation demonstrated the efficacy of the product in enhancing the conductivity of refined oils. The oil conductivity increased to 1005 pS/m at an addition level of 2 ppm. The synthesized polymer shows promise as a novel static dissipative additive for refined oils and offers new guidance for advancing polymer segment modification technology.

精制油，如汽油、柴油和航空煤油，主要由碳氢化合物组成。作为不良的导电体，这些油在储存、运输和处理过程中通过摩擦积累静电荷。当电荷积累超过临界阈值时，会产生静电放电现象，具有重大的火灾和爆炸危险。在油品中加入静电耗散添加剂是预防和减轻静电危害的有效方法。本研究采用聚合物段改性技术，在季铵盐单体甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵的不饱和CC中引入疏水高烷基丙烯酸酯段。这种方法初步合成了一种新型疏水多季铵化合物，该化合物保留了季铵基团固有的抗静电性能，同时实现了与油基质的相容性。用仪器分析技术对产物的结构和形态进行了表征，证实了产物的成功合成。进一步的评价证明了该产品在提高成品油导电性方面的功效。当添加量为2 ppm时，油的导电性提高到1005 pS/m。合成的聚合物有望作为一种新型的静耗散添加剂用于成品油，并为推进聚合物段改性技术提供了新的指导。

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引用次数: 0

Mechanism of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural preparation from glucose by a nonmetallic Lewis/Brønsted bifunctional solid acid catalyst CNs-PF6 under photo-induction 光诱导下非金属Lewis/Brønsted双功能固体酸催化剂CNs-PF6从葡萄糖制备5-羟甲基糠醛的机理

IF 7.7 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Fuel Processing Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.fuproc.2025.108370

Yingnan Sun , Cuicui Sun , Zhengkai Wu , Weilong Che , Qingkun Shang

The preparation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) from glucose is an important reaction in the field of solid acid-catalyzed biomass conversion. The reaction is usually carried out at high temperatures and pressures. In this paper, a nonmetallic solid acid catalyst CNs-PF₆ was synthesized from cheap melamine and hexafluorophosphoric acid (HPF₆) by low-temperature calcination and immersion method. The catalyst achieved the conversion of glucose to 5-HMF by photo-induction at a lower temperature (80 °C) and atmospheric pressure. And it also has a very high stability for recycling. The unique mechanism of photo-induced CNs-PF₆ catalyzing the conversion of glucose to 5-HMF has been elucidated by photoelectron characterization, transient absorption spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. Namely, under photoinduction, CNs-PF₆ possesses both Lewis acid and Brønsted acid properties. Since light simultaneously provides energy for the conversion reaction, it enables the reaction to proceed at lower temperatures and pressures. Combining light induction with acid catalysis fully leverages the synergistic effects between photocatalysts and solid acid catalysts. This research provides a new successful model for achieving biomass conversion at lower temperatures and pressures.

葡萄糖制备5-羟甲基糠醛（5-HMF）是固体酸催化生物质转化领域的一个重要反应。反应通常在高温高压下进行。本文以廉价的三聚氰胺和六氟磷酸（HPF6）为原料，通过低温煅烧和浸渍法制备了非金属固体酸催化剂CNs-PF6。该催化剂在较低温度（80℃）和常压下通过光诱导将葡萄糖转化为5-羟甲基糠醛。它在回收方面也有很高的稳定性。通过光电子表征、瞬态吸收光谱和理论计算，阐明了光诱导cnns - pf6催化葡萄糖转化为5-HMF的独特机理。也就是说，在光感应作用下，CNs-PF6同时具有Lewis酸和Brønsted酸性质。由于光同时为转化反应提供能量，它使反应能够在较低的温度和压力下进行。光感应与酸催化的结合充分利用了光催化剂与固体酸催化剂之间的协同作用。这项研究为在低温和低压下实现生物质转化提供了一种新的成功模式。

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引用次数: 0