Fuel Processing Technology最新文献_第3页

Thermochemical technologies for conversion of biomass and waste into light olefins (C2-C4)

IF 7.2 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Fuel Processing Technology

Pub Date : 2024-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.fuproc.2024.108174

Hualun Zhu , Mohammed Babkoor , Marc-Olivier Coppens , Massimiliano Materazzi

The demand for light olefins, including ethylene, propylene, and butene, continues to grow as they serve as essential intermediates for numerous chemical products. Traditional production methods rely heavily on fossil resources, raising concerns about environmental impact and resource depletion. As the global focus shifts towards sustainability and carbon neutrality, researchers are exploring alternative and renewable feedstocks, such as biomass and waste, to produce light olefins. This review paper provides an in-depth analysis of the recent advancements and strategies employed in the production of light olefins directly and indirectly from biomass and waste via thermochemical processes. Emphasis is placed on the role of catalysis in these approaches, covering catalyst types, applications, and performance. Furthermore, this review explores process intensification approaches as potential avenues for enhancing the efficiency and sustainability of olefin production. By presenting a holistic view of the current state of olefin production from recovered feedstocks, this work aims to contribute to the development of greener and more sustainable bio-based industries, ultimately fostering a transition towards a circular economy and mitigating the environmental impact of the petrochemical industry.

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引用次数: 0

Axial pressure impact on pyrolysis behavior of Xinjiang coal: An inspiration for in-situ pyrolysis of tar-rich coal

IF 7.2 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Fuel Processing Technology

Pub Date : 2024-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.fuproc.2024.108175

Bingyang Kou , Qingmin Shi , Shuangming Wang , Qiang Sun , Shidong Cui , Xiaolong Yang , Xinyue Zhao , Junwei Qiao

Tar-rich coal in-situ pyrolysis (TCIP) is a green and low-carbon technology that extracts tar and gas from underground tar-rich coal seams. Overburden pressures are a crucial factor for TCIP that differs from conventional ground pyrolysis. This study investigated the impact of axial pressure on the pyrolysis of Xinjiang tar-rich coal using simulations. The variation of pore structure and volatiles was studied using low-field nuclear magnetic resonance and gas chromatography. Results indicated that pore structure and tar-gas composition evolved synergistically, and presented staged characteristics during pyrolysis under axial stress. 10.0–17.5 MPa, coals compressed to breakage, enhancing pore-fracture connectivity and convective heat transfer during pyrolysis. Pores continued to enlarge, porosity-permeability increased, promoting volatiles release and reducing secondary reactions, leading to increased tar-gas yield, particularly light and phenol oils, CO₂, and C₂₊ gases proportion. Conversely, coals compacted at 20.0–25.0 MPa, pore-fracture connectivity worsened due to fracture closure, decreased convective heat transfer, and weakened pore enlargement phenomenon. The enhancement of matrix heat transfer formed many smaller pyrolysis pores within the coal matrix, but poor connectivity decreased porosity-permeability. This increased the release resistance of volatiles, strengthened secondary reactions, and reduced tar-gas yields. However, the proportion of light and naphthalene oils, CH₄, H₂, and CO is increasing.

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引用次数: 0

Study of the mechanism of high-efficient in-situ SO2 fixation during oxidative roasting of high‑sulfur iron ores and DFT calculation

IF 7.2 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Fuel Processing Technology

Pub Date : 2024-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.fuproc.2024.108171

Xiaojiao Chen , Yuming Ren , Wenjun Gao , Na Zhao

The development and utilization of high‑sulfur iron ore in China has provided abundant raw materials for the iron and steel industry, but it has also created severe environmental challenges, particularly in controlling sulfur dioxide emissions. Although the current sulfur-fixation technology has made some progress, it still has limitations such as low efficiency and less stability. This study will in-depth explore the mechanism of in-situ sulfur fixation with the aim of solving aforementioned issues and realizing the transition from terminal desulphurization to process control. Firstly, the effects of oxidation roasting temperature, oxygen concentration, gas flow rate and sulfur-fixation agent concentration on the sulfur-fixation efficiency were investigated to determine the regulation mechanism of sulfur fixation technology. Moreover, the sulfur-fixation activities of CaO and MgO were also compared in depth by Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculation in terms of surface adsorption energy, transition state and partitioned density of states (PDOS). Finally, the sulfur-fixation mechanism was analyzed in depth by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tests in terms of phase composition, crystal structure and surface morphology. Therefore, the work will present basic theory and systematic guidance for in-site sulfur-fixation of high‑sulfur iron ore under oxidation roasting process.

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引用次数: 0

Experimental studies on the influence of chlorides on the combustion and agglomeration characteristics of solid propellants

IF 7.2 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Fuel Processing Technology

Pub Date : 2024-12-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.fuproc.2024.108172

Lu Liu , Geng Xu , Zhan Wen , Guoqiang He , Peijin Liu , Wen Ao

The main approach to improving the performance of aluminum-containing propellants is to promote the rupture of the oxide film on the surface of aluminum. The high melting point of the oxide film is the primary obstacle to the oxidation reaction of the internal aluminum. This study proposes the concept of using chlorides to regulate the performance of propellants by leveraging the low melting point of aluminum chloride. Firstly, all four chlorides effectively promoted the oxidation of aluminum. Secondly, the combustion intensity of the powders, from highest to lowest, was: chlorinated polyvinyl chloride -modified aluminum powder, praseodymium chloride-modified aluminum powder, sodium chloride-modified aluminum powder, micron aluminum powder, and iron chloride-modified aluminum powder. Only chlorinated polyvinyl chloride significantly reduced the ignition delay time. Regarding the burning rate of propellants, iron chloride-modified propellants exhibited the best performance, while sodium chloride propellants showed a reduction in the burning rate. In terms of propellant agglomeration characteristics, sodium chloride aggravated agglomeration, whereas the other three inhibited agglomeration. Among them, iron chloride and praseodymium chloride reduced the average particle size of the condensed combustion products by 23.5 % and 43.0 %, respectively. The experimental results of this study provided a new approach for the performance optimization of solid propellants.

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引用次数: 0

A comprehensive review of catalyst deactivation and regeneration in heavy oil hydroprocessing

IF 7.2 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Fuel Processing Technology

Pub Date : 2024-12-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.fuproc.2024.108170

Phuong T.H. Pham , Cham Q. Pham , Thi-Tam Dam , Quang-Anh Nguyen , Tung M. Nguyen

Catalyst deactivation and regeneration are critical aspects of heavy oil hydroprocessing. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the factors contributing to catalyst deactivation, including coke formation, metal and other heteroelement poisoning, and active metal sintering. We delve into the mechanisms underlying these deactivation processes and discuss their impact on catalyst performance and reactor operations. Furthermore, the review explores various catalyst regeneration techniques, such as combustion and gasification techniques. We evaluate the effectiveness of these methods in removing coke and restoring catalyst activity. Additionally, we discuss strategies for mitigating coke formation, including the development of more coke-resistant catalysts and the addition of solvents and surfactants. Refineries can optimize their operations, improve product yields, and minimize environmental impact by understanding the causes of catalyst deactivation and the effectiveness of different regeneration techniques.

引用次数: 0

Co-pyrolysis of coal-derived sludge and low-rank coal: Thermal behaviour and char yield prediction 煤源污泥与低阶煤共热解：热行为与炭产率预测

IF 7.2 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Fuel Processing Technology

Pub Date : 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.fuproc.2024.108165

Tianli Zhang , Chenxu Zhang , Hai Ren , Zhong Huang , Jun Feng , Na Liu , Rui Li , Yulong Wu

Coal-derived sludge, a solid waste produced by the coal industry, offers potential opportunities for resource recovery due to its high organic matter. However, its products face challenges related to low utilization efficiency and economic value. Effective and clean treatment of coal-derived sludge is essential for sustainable development. Herein, we studied the co-pyrolysis treatment of coal-derived sludge and low-rank coal at different temperatures (500 °C−900 °C) and pretreatment methods (mechanical mixing and hydrothermal co-treatment). The co-pyrolysis of sludge and coal could increase the pyrolysis char yield and H₂ yield, as well as reduce CO₂ emissions. The hydrothermal co-treatment significantly improved the cleanliness of the co-pyrolysis treatment. Then we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the properties of the pyrolysis char using different characterization techniques. In order to better evaluate the distribution of co-pyrolysis product yield, six machine learning models were developed to predice co-pyrolysis char yield. The best model-predicted values showed excellent predictive performance when compared to the experimental values at high pyrolysis temperatures (≥700 °C). This study provided a new perspective on the resource utilization of coal-derived sludge and low-rank coal.

煤炭污泥是一种由煤炭工业产生的固体废物，由于其有机物含量高，为资源回收提供了潜在的机会。然而，其产品面临着利用效率和经济价值不高的挑战。有效、清洁地处理煤泥对可持续发展至关重要。本文研究了不同温度（500℃~ 900℃）下煤源污泥和低阶煤的共热解处理及预处理方法（机械混合和水热共处理）。污泥与煤共热解可提高热解炭产率和H2产率，减少CO2排放。水热共处理显著提高了共热解处理的清洁度。然后采用不同的表征技术对热解炭的性质进行了综合分析。为了更好地评估共热解产物产率的分布，开发了6个机器学习模型来预测共热解炭产率。在较高热解温度（≥700℃）下，与实验值相比，最佳模型预测值具有较好的预测性能。该研究为煤泥和低阶煤的资源化利用提供了新的思路。

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引用次数: 0

Transformation of Mg-bearing minerals and its effect on slagging during the high-alkali coal combustion 高碱煤燃烧过程中含镁矿物的转化及其对结渣的影响

IF 7.2 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Fuel Processing Technology

Pub Date : 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.fuproc.2024.108166

Bowen Chen, Zhuo Xiong, Yongchun Zhao, Junying Zhang

To better understand the mineralogical, release-transformation patterns and ash deposition of Mg-bearing minerals, Wucaiwan Coal (WCW), Meihuajing Coal (MHJ), and slag of water wall from a power plant were collected and high-temperature ash transformation experiments were conducted. X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscope coupled with energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDS), and simultaneous thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) were used to analyze the mineralogy, chemical composition, and characteristics. The results show that the Mg-bearing minerals in high-alkali coal and ash include dolomite, chlorite, forsterite, melilite, akermanite, diopside, bredigite, pyroxene, periclase, spinel, and magnesioferrite. During combustion, the release of Mg is affected by its mode of occurrence. Mg-bearing minerals gradually transform into thermally stable minerals, including spinel, periclase, and pyroxene, with the transformation pathway being dolomite → Mg-bearing silicate (diopside, akermanite, bredigite) → pyroxene/spinel/periclase. Moreover, Ca has a competitive and synergistic effect on the transformation of Mg-bearing minerals, which depends on the relative content of Si and Al in ash. Spinel is the primary Mg-bearing mineral in high-temperature ash, and Fe may substitute for both Mg and Al. In coal combustion, the formation of Mg-Al-Fe and Mg-Al-Fe-Si-Ca eutectic systems from Mg-bearing minerals causes slagging on the water wall and worsens water wall corrosion.

为了更好地了解含镁矿物的矿物学、释放转化模式和灰分沉积规律，收集了某电厂五彩湾煤、梅花井煤和水壁渣，进行了高温灰分转化实验。采用x射线荧光（XRF）、x射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜-能谱仪（SEM-EDS）、同时热重法和差示扫描量热法（TG-DSC）等方法分析了样品的矿物学、化学成分和特征。结果表明：高碱煤和高碱灰中的含镁矿物主要有白云石、绿泥石、橄榄石、镁长石、钾长石、透辉石、钾长石、辉石、尖晶石、镁铁素体等。在燃烧过程中，Mg的释放受其发生方式的影响。含镁矿物逐渐转化为热稳定矿物，包括尖晶石、方晶石、辉石，转化路径为白云岩→含镁硅酸盐（透辉石、角长石、辉长石）→辉石/尖晶石/辉长石。此外，Ca对含镁矿物的转化具有竞争和协同作用，这取决于灰分中Si和Al的相对含量。尖晶石是高温灰分中主要的含镁矿物，Fe可以替代Mg和Al。煤燃烧过程中，含镁矿物形成Mg-Al-Fe和Mg-Al-Fe- si - ca共晶体系，导致水壁结渣，加剧水壁腐蚀。

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引用次数: 0

Role of secondary char on the fuel properties and pyrolysis behaviors of hydrochars: Effect of temperature and liquid-solid ratio 二次炭对烃类燃料性质和热解行为的影响：温度和液固比的影响

IF 7.2 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Fuel Processing Technology

Pub Date : 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.fuproc.2024.108167

Hongyue Fu , Fang Wang , Zhenfei Liu , Xiaoning Duan , Lihong Wang , Weiming Yi , Deli Zhang

Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is widely recognized as a promising approach for enhancing the fuel properties of agricultural waste. This study investigated the HTC characteristics of corn stalks, focusing on the effect of secondary char (SC) on the fuel properties and pyrolysis behaviors of hydrochars at different temperature and liquid-solid ratio (LSR). Results showed that lower LSR increased the carbon content and higher heating value of hydrochars. Higher temperature strengthened the effect of LSR. At 240 °C, hydrochar yield decreased from 58.56 % to 45.59 % as the LSR increased. The higher LSR enhanced hydrolysis and promoted the transfer of organic components to aqueous phase, thereby facilitating SC formation with a content as high as 12.10 %. The increase in SC was accompanied by larger carbon microspheres and greater deposition coverage, resulting in reduced specific surface area and elevated oxygen-containing functional groups. The covering of SC strengthened the pyrolysis-like reaction of primary char (PC) during HTC (limited by contact with water). These changes influenced subsequent pyrolysis behavior, with PC tending to produce phenols at low LSR but aromatic hydrocarbons at high LSR. This work could enhance the understanding of SC and provide a practical approach combining HTC and extraction to regulate bio-oil preparation by pyrolysis.

水热碳化（HTC）被广泛认为是提高农业废弃物燃料性能的一种有前途的方法。本研究研究了玉米秸秆的HTC特性，重点研究了在不同温度和液固比（LSR）下，二次焦（SC）对氢炭燃料特性和热解行为的影响。结果表明，LSR越低，烃类碳含量越高，热值越高。温度越高，LSR的效果越强。在240℃时，随着LSR的增加，烃类产率从58.56%下降到45.59%。较高的LSR促进了水解，促进了有机组分向水相的转移，从而促进了SC的形成，其含量高达12.10%。SC的增加伴随着更大的碳微球和更大的沉积覆盖率，导致比表面积的减少和含氧官能团的增加。SC的覆盖增强了原炭（PC）在HTC过程中的类热解反应（受水接触限制）。这些变化影响了随后的热解行为，PC倾向于在低LSR下生成酚类，而在高LSR下生成芳香烃。本研究有助于加深对生物油热解过程的认识，并为生物油热解过程中HTC与萃取相结合调控生物油的制备提供了可行的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Hydrogen production by the water-gas shift reaction: A comprehensive review on catalysts, kinetics, and reaction mechanism 水气转换反应制氢：催化剂、动力学和反应机理综述

IF 7.2 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Fuel Processing Technology

Pub Date : 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.fuproc.2024.108163

Leila Dehimi , Oualid Alioui , Yacine Benguerba , Krishna Kumar Yadav , Javed Khan Bhutto , Ahmed M. Fallatah , Tanuj Shukla , Maha Awjan Alreshidi , Marco Balsamo , Michael Badawi , Alessandro Erto

The global push towards a hydrogen economy fuels hydrogen production from various sources. A crucial step in enriching hydrogen and reducing CO in syngas derived from carbon-based hydrogen production is the water-gas shift reaction (WGSR). Given the equilibrium-limited nature of WGSR, low temperatures are necessary to reduce carbon monoxide concentrations to the desired level. Traditionally, iron‑chromium (Fe/Cr) and copper‑zinc (Cu/Zn) catalysts have been widely used at high and low temperatures, respectively. Numerous studies have focused on developing optimal WGS catalysts with the desired characteristics and efficiency. This review extensively discusses various catalysts for different stages of WGSR, including low, medium, high-temperature, and sour WGS catalysts. However, understanding the contrast between the redox and associative mechanisms and the nature of intermediates in the WGS pathway remains unclear. A detailed study of the WGSR pathway is imperative to develop highly active and stable catalysts. Various experimental kinetic values and models have also been reported to elucidate the WGSR mechanism at different temperatures. The primary deactivation sources of WGS catalysts have been discussed to highlight recent advances to improve catalyst performance. The contribution of computational methods such as Density Functional Theory (DFT) to developing WGS catalysts is also explored. Furthermore, the review addresses the challenges encountered in the WGSR, and recommendations and conclusions are drawn to guide future research efforts.

全球对氢经济的推动推动了各种来源的氢生产。在碳基制氢产生的合成气中富集氢和还原CO的关键步骤是水气转换反应（WGSR）。考虑到WGSR的平衡限制性质，低温是将一氧化碳浓度降低到所需水平所必需的。传统上，铁-铬（Fe/Cr）和铜-锌（Cu/Zn）催化剂分别在高温和低温下广泛使用。许多研究都集中在开发具有理想特性和效率的最佳WGS催化剂上。本文综述了不同阶段的WGSR催化剂，包括低、中、高温和酸性WGS催化剂。然而，对氧化还原和结合机制之间的对比以及WGS途径中中间体的性质的理解仍不清楚。对WGSR途径的深入研究是开发高活性、稳定催化剂的必要条件。不同的实验动力学值和模型也被报道来阐明不同温度下WGSR的机理。讨论了WGS催化剂的主要失活源，重点介绍了提高催化剂性能的最新进展。本文还探讨了密度泛函理论（DFT）等计算方法对开发WGS催化剂的贡献。此外，该综述还解决了《世界气候变化研究报告》中遇到的挑战，并提出了指导未来研究工作的建议和结论。

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引用次数: 0

Data-driven analysis in the selective oligomerization of long-chain linear alpha olefin on zeolite catalysts: A machine learning-based parameter study 沸石催化剂上长链线性α-烯烃选择性低聚过程中的数据驱动分析：基于机器学习的参数研究

IF 7.2 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Fuel Processing Technology

Pub Date : 2024-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.fuproc.2024.108164

Sung Woo Lee , Marcel Jonathan Hidajat , Seung Hyeok Cha , Gwang-Nam Yun , Dong Won Hwang

In this study, the oligomerization of 1-octene was investigated using various zeolites through both experimental and machine learning (ML) approaches. The structural characteristics of the zeolites and experimental conditions were used as input parameters to analyze the feature importance of each key factor on the oligomerization of 1-octene. By quantifying these influences, the reaction mechanism was elucidated, and a methodology for maximizing the oligomerization reaction was developed. The ML methods employed in this study were SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) and Sure Independence Screening and Sparsifying Operator (SISSO). While the SHAP method is a well-validated conventional approach, it has limitations due to its high data requirements. Therefore, the SISSO method was applied, as it requires fewer data points and offers a transparent computational process. SISSO provided results in the form of human-interpretable equations, allowing for an analysis of these equations to deepen insights into the reaction mechanism.

本研究通过实验和机器学习（ML）方法研究了使用各种沸石的 1-辛烯的低聚过程。以沸石的结构特征和实验条件为输入参数，分析了各关键因素对 1-辛烯低聚的重要特征。通过量化这些影响因素，阐明了反应机理，并开发了最大化低聚反应的方法。本研究中采用的 ML 方法是 SHapley Additive exPlanations（SHAP）和 Sure Independence Screening and Sparsifying Operator（SISSO）。虽然 SHAP 方法是一种经过充分验证的传统方法，但由于其数据要求较高而存在局限性。因此，我们采用了 SISSO 方法，因为它需要的数据点较少，而且计算过程透明。SISSO 以人类可理解的方程形式提供结果，通过对这些方程进行分析，可以加深对反应机理的了解。

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引用次数: 0