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ANALISIS FUNGSI PENGAWASAN DPRD PROVINSI DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGJAKARTA (DIY) TERHADAP IMPLEMENTASI KEISTIMEWAAN 浅析欧盟实施DPRD条款的作用
Pub Date : 2018-10-04 DOI: 10.14710/politika.9.2.2018.61-81
M. Q. Kariem
Artikel ini menjelaskan tentang fungsi pengawasan DPRD DIY terhadap pelaksanan Keistimewaan pada tahun 2017. Pengawasan tersebut dilaksanakan dengan konsep pengawasan apriori dana aposteriori. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa keistimewaan memiliki kecenderungan dijalankan dominan oleh eksekutif, sedangkan legislatif menjadi minim peran karena berbagai faktor yang melatarbelakanginya. Artikel ini beragumen bahwa kecenderungan Pemerintah Daerah DIY dalam merespon pengawasan yang dilakukan DPRD DIY adalah hanya dalam konteks yang berhubungan dengan hal administratif semata,namun dalam persoalan dana istimewa, eksekutif tidak responsif terhadap pengawasan legislatif. Pelaksanaan desentralisasi asimteris di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta dijalankan secara parsial karena terdapat faktor peran pemerintah pusat yang secara tidak langsung mereduksi kewenangan penyelenggara pemerintahan daerah, tidak hanya itu dominasi eksekutif juga sangat terlihat dalam hubungan antara penyelenggara pemerintahan daerah.
这篇文章解释了DIY在2017年对特技演员的观察功能。这种监督是通过四月基金的监督概念来进行的。通过一种定性研究方法,该研究表明,特权倾向于在行政部门中占主导地位,而立法由于其背后的各种因素而变得无关紧要。这篇文章指出,DIY地方政府倾向于只在行政方面对其监督作出反应,但在特殊资金方面,行政人员对立法监督没有反应。日惹特别行政区中分散现象的部分原因是,中央政府的作用因素间接影响了地方政府的权力分配,而执行权力也在地方政府组织者之间的关系中尤为明显。
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引用次数: 2
POLITIK ETNIS FLORES TIMUR DI KABUPATEN TIMOR TENGAH UTARA PADA PEMILIHAN KEPALA DAERAH (PILKADA) 2015
Pub Date : 2018-10-04 DOI: 10.14710/POLITIKA.9.2.2018.82-92
Yakobus Kolne, Dian Festianto
Penelitian ini bertujuan menggali informasi mengenai politik etnis Flores Timur (Flotim) yang berdomisili di Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara (TTU) pada Pilkada tahun 2015 dalam perspektif politik identitas. Penentuan informan yang terdiri dari tokoh dan komunitas etnis Flotim menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan metode penelitian bersifat deskriptif analitis dengan menggunakan data primer dan data sekunder yang relevan dengan politik etnis Flotim. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dinamika politik etnis Flotim membentuk enam pola relasi bersifat resiprokal. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah dari aspek kultural kohesifitas etnis Flotim cenderung kuat, namun dari aspek politik kehesifitas cenderung cair yang disebabkan karena faktor akulturasi budaya melalui institusi perkawinan campur dengan etnis di TTU yang terbagi dalam tiga swapraja. Hibriditas sosial budaya tersebut pada akhirya menciptakan polarisasi politik dalam komunitas etnis Flotim. Reflesi teoritis studi ini sejalan dengan konsep Castell (1997), Beerger dan Luckmann (1990)  bahwa konstruksi identitas etnis Flotim di TTU ditandai oleh asal-usul bangunan identitas dan realitas politik sebagai proses kontruksi simbolik yang terus menerus berubah (situasional) terutama dalam setting Pilkada 2015. 
本研究旨在从身份的政治角度挖掘2015年皮尔卡达地区居住的弗洛里斯东部(Flotim)政治政治信息。弗鲁特人的资料来源和社区使用分析描述性研究方法,采用与佛提姆民族政治相关的主要和次要数据。研究表明,Flotim民族的政治动态形成了六种残留的关系模式。结论是,研究表明,弗洛提姆民族的文化凝聚力倾向于强烈的,但从政治倾向来看,这种凝聚力倾向于由文化水污染因素导致的,是由于TTU种族分化为三次交换。这种文化的社会分化最终在浮提姆民族中造成了政治上的分化。该研究的理论反思与Castell(1997年)、Beerger和Luckmann(1990年)的概念相一致,TTU Flotim民族认同的建立是以认同构建和政治现实的起源为标志的不断变化的象征性结扎过程(情境),尤其是在2015年的皮尔卡达(Pilkada)中。
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引用次数: 1
FENOMENA ELITE CAPTURE DALAM PENGELOLAAN BADAN USAHA MILIK DESA (BUMDES) 村务署(BUMDES)精英捕获现象
Pub Date : 2018-10-04 DOI: 10.14710/POLITIKA.9.2.2018.20-37
Syah Firdaus
ABSTRACTVillage independence is one of the main focuses to achieve the welfare ofrural communities. One of the implications of the village independence agenda is thepresence of BUMDes as a rural institution to perform the function of empoweringand improving the welfare of the community. However, the presence of BUMDes canlead to new problems: the emergence of an elite presence dominates BUMDes. Oneof the phenomena that can happen is Elite Capture. Elite capture is an elite hijackingof management spaces for personal or group interests.The object of this research is BUMDes Argosari located in Pulosari Village,Pemalang Regency. This study focuses on investigating elite capture phenomena bylooking at the strategy of empowering elite power by using John Gaventa's powercube theory in hijacking the management of BUMDes at each stage of itsmanagement. Stages of management are divided into four stages of agenda setting,implementation, monitoring, and evaluation. Each stage is analyzed by the elitehijacking actions so that later will get a comprehensive picture of capturing behaviorconducted by the elite. This research uses qualitative method with case studyapproachVillage Head and Chairman of BPD are two powerful actors who are veryinfluential in the management of Argosari BUMDes. Both actors are often contestedin the context of BUMDes management. However, during the process of running thevillage management is a very dominant actors that often plow each stage ofmanagement BUMDes. Some of the factors that make the village strong enoughposition in internal BUMDes is a very strong relationship with outside parties, boththe private and supradesa government. In addition, village heads are also able to buildhigh compliance against the internal ranks of BUMDes so that internal BUMDes isvery dependent on the figure of village head. While the Chairman of BPD, onlyoptimal in the realm of supervision only. The role and power possessed by the headof BPD is not enough to offset the power of the village head in the management ofBUMDes. Chairman of the BPD to fight in the form of reprimands either verbally orin writing to the internal BUMDes and Kades as advisor BUMDes and establishrelationships with groups that also cons with the leadership of villageKeywords: Elite Power, Elite Capture, BUMDes Management
摘要乡村独立是实现农村社区福利的主要着力点之一。村庄独立议程的含义之一是,BUMDes作为一个农村机构的存在,履行着促进和改善社区福利的职能。然而,BUMD的存在可能会导致新的问题:精英的出现主导着BUMD。精英捕获是可能发生的现象之一。精英劫持是指精英为了个人或团体利益劫持管理空间。本研究的对象是位于Pemalang Regency Pulosari村的BUMDes Argosari。本研究的重点是利用约翰·加文塔的权力立方体理论,在劫持BUMDes管理的各个阶段,通过观察赋予精英权力的策略,来调查精英捕获现象。管理阶段分为议程制定、实施、监测和评估四个阶段。每个阶段都通过elitehijacking动作进行分析,以便稍后能够全面了解精英的捕捉行为。本研究采用定性方法,结合案例研究方法。村长和BPD主席是两位在Argosari BUMDes管理中非常有影响力的强有力的参与者。在BUMD管理的背景下,这两个角色经常受到争议。然而,在经营过程中,村级管理是一个非常占主导地位的行动者,他们往往在管理的各个阶段耕耘BUMD。使村庄在内部BUMD中占据足够强大地位的一些因素是与外部政党的密切关系,包括私营和超政府。此外,村长还能够建立与BUMD内部级别的高度合规性,因此内部BUMD非常依赖村长的数字。而作为BPD的主席,只有在监督领域才是最佳人选。BPD负责人的角色和权力不足以抵消村长在UMDes管理中的权力。BPD主席以口头或书面形式向内部BUMDes和Kades作为BUMDes顾问进行斗争,并与同样与村庄领导层相悖的团体建立关系关键词:精英力量、精英捕获、BUMDes管理
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引用次数: 8
INSTITUTIONAL SETTINGS IN POVERTY REDUCTION PROGRAM: A contribution to the raise of new elites in rural Java 扶贫计划中的制度设置:对爪哇农村新精英培养的贡献
Pub Date : 2018-10-04 DOI: 10.14710/politika.9.2.2018.6-19
A. Susilo
Umumnya, kelompok elite diidentikkan dengan penguasaan sumber-sumber kekuasaan yang biasanya berupa materi (tanah, rumah, ternak) dan pekerjaan di instansi formal. Definisi seperti ini sudah jamak ditemukan di lingkup perdesaan di Jawa. Namun, dari pengalaman Program Nasional Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (PNPM) Perdesaan khususnya oleh kader program, artikel ini berargumen bahwa ada alternatif sumber kuasa yang lain selain materi dan posisi di pemerintahan yang kemudian menjadikan seorang yang biasa menjadi anggota kelompok elite. Sumber non-material ini adalah loyalitas, dedikasi dan kepercayaan. Diilhami oleh pendekatan Power Cube, artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam proses PNPM terdapat transformasi kuasa dari individu biasa menjadi elite. Artikel ini berdasar pada metode studi kasus di dua desa di Kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur yang mendapatkan program PNPM.
精英团体通常被认为是对自然资源(土地、房屋、牲畜)和正规机构工作的掌握。像这样的定义已经在爪哇的农村范围中找到了复数。然而,从公民赋权公民计划(PNPM)的经验来看,这篇文章认为,除了政府的物质和职位之外,还有其他的权力来源,这些资源使普通公民成为精英。这种非物质来源是忠诚、奉献和信任。受动力立方体方法的启发,这篇文章指出,在PNPM过程中,权力从一个普通的人转变为精英。本文基于爪哇东部马朗区两个村庄的案例研究方法,这些村庄获得了PNPM项目。
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引用次数: 1
PERLUNYA REVITALISASI KEBIJAKAN JAMINAN KESEHATAN DI INDONESIA 振兴工业安全的建议
Pub Date : 2018-10-04 DOI: 10.14710/POLITIKA.9.2.2018.38-60
Budi Setiyono
Mengikuti tren universal coverage, sejak awal tahun 2000, pemerintah Indonesia menyusun kebijakan yang ambisius terhadap sistem asuransi kesehatan negara dalam mengejar cakupan universal dan adil dengan distribusi ulang yang lebih besar. Untuk itu, pemerintah membuat Undang-Undang Nomor 40 tentang Sistem Jaminan Sosial Nasional (SJSN) tahun 2004. UU ini mengamanatkan bahwa jaminan sosial adalah sesuatu yang wajib tersedia bagi seluruh rakyat Indonesia, termasuk di dalamnya Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) melalui suatu Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS). Penyempurnaan dan pelaksanaan dari konsep jaminan sosial tersebut kemudian direalisasikan melalui pembentukan badan penyelanggara teknis yang tertuang dalam Undang-Undang No. 24 Tahun 2011 tentang Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) yang terdiri atas BPJS Kesehatan dan BPJS Ketenagakerjaan. BPJS Kesehatan bertugas untuk melaksanakan program Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) yang implementasinya dimulai pada tanggal 1 Januari tahun 2014. Konsep JKN mengintegrasikan mekanisme bantuan social (social assistance) oleh negara ditujukan untuk penduduk yang kurang mampu, sehingga seluruh penduduk pada saatnya nanti akan menjadi peserta JKN. Asuransi kesehatan ini diharapkan akan mengurangi risiko masyarakat dalam menanggung biaya kesehatan dari kantong sendiri out of pocket, yang seringkali jumlahnya sulit diprediksi dan seringkali membutuhkan biaya yang sangat besar. Melalui asuransi kesehatan sosial ini, peserta hanya membayar premi dengan besaran tetap, untuk meng-cover biaya layanan kesehatan yang mungkin timbul manakala mereka sakit. Akan tetapi, program JKN masih menghadapi berbagai kendala, terutama berkaitan dengan keseimbangan antara optimalisasi manfaat dengan ketersediaan sumber dana yang menyebabkan defisit bagi BPJS. Persoalan tersebut perlu diatasi dengan melakukan upaya revitalisasi kebijakan yang ada sehingga program JKN dapat terus berkelanjutan.
根据全民保险计划,自2000年初以来,印度尼西亚政府制定了雄心勃勃的国家医疗保险制度政策,以追求普遍和公平的谈判,并加大再分配力度。为此,政府于2004年制定了关于国家社会保障制度的第40号法律。该UU确保社会保障是整个印尼人民的义务,包括通过社会保障机构提供的国家健康保险。社会保障概念的完成和实施是通过建立2011年第24号法律规定的技术福利机构实现的,该机构由社会福利福利福利福利机构健康和就业组成。BPJS Health负责实施2014年1月1日开始的国家健康保障计划。JKN的概念融合了国家对贫困人口的社会援助机制,使全体人口最终成为JKN的参与者。这种医疗保险有望降低公众自掏腰包承担医疗费用的风险,而这些费用往往很难预测,而且往往需要很高的费用。通过这种社会健康保险,参与者只需支付固定金额的保费,以支付他们生病时可能产生的医疗费用。然而,JKN计划仍然面临各种控制,特别是在利益优化和资金来源可用性之间的平衡方面,这导致了BPJS的赤字。这个问题需要通过努力振兴现有政策来解决,以便JRC计划能够继续下去。
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引用次数: 9
Peran Media Massa Dalam Komikasi Politik 大众媒体在政治漫画中的作用
Pub Date : 2017-01-31 DOI: 10.55745/jpp.v2i1.17
Chacha Annisa Ritonga
The existence of mass media in the context of political communication has an important role. It.is in accordance with the process of the authoritative political tranformation to the reformation era which undoubtedly the expression freedom to be a basic of the formation of democratic citizen life. Mass media has an important role in delivering tje political message to the public significantly, because the mass media has some advantages such as mass media has a broad range to the public and directly also immediately affects to the message receiver. In addition, the mass media indeed cannot determine what to think, but affect what to think about. By choosing certain news and ignore others, media forms our world image as the media presents. Therefore, it is reasonable if the mass media involvement in the developing of certain political and democracy system is very crucial.
大众传媒的存在在政治传播的语境中具有重要的作用。它。正是顺应着权威政治向改革时代转型的进程,言论自由无疑成为民主公民生活形成的一个基础。大众传媒在向公众传递政治信息方面发挥着重要的作用,因为大众传媒具有对公众影响范围广、对信息接受者直接也立即产生影响等优势。此外,大众传媒确实不能决定人们思考什么,而是影响人们思考什么。媒体通过选择某些新闻而忽略其他新闻,形成了我们所呈现的世界形象。因此,如果大众传媒参与某些政治和民主制度的发展是非常重要的,这是合理的。
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引用次数: 2
Komunikasi Politik Kepresidenan: Studi Kasus Komunikasi Politik Presiden RI Ke-6 Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono 总统的政治交流:调查第6届总统su筒仓·班邦·尤多约诺的政治交流案例
Pub Date : 2017-01-31 DOI: 10.55745/jpp.v2i1.12
Raden Mas Jerry Indrawan
Political communication as in other systems, also practiced in the political life in Indonesia. Every day, goverment leaders or political leader deliver statements (official or unofficial), opinions on various forums, and comments about the problems that occur in genedral. It is one of the concrete forms of political activity in which the political elite acted as a communicator. The presidential political communicator is the 6th President of Indonesia, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (SBY). In Presidential political communication, the president himself speaks to the media. According to the presidential spokesman at the time, Andi Malarangeng, said that during a press conference, if the material are concering basic or fundamental matters, and has direct impact to the peope, will be made by the president himself. This article will talk about how Indonesia 6th President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono uses political communication throught mass media, and other media, to convey messages to the people
与其他制度一样,政治沟通也在印尼的政治生活中得到了实践。每天,政府领导人或政治领袖发表声明(官方或非官方),在各种论坛上发表意见,并对普遍发生的问题发表评论。它是政治精英充当传播者的政治活动的具体形式之一。总统政治传播者是印尼第六任总统苏西洛·班邦·尤多约诺(Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono)。在总统政治沟通中,总统本人对媒体讲话。据当时的总统发言人Andi Malarangeng称,在记者招待会上,如果材料涉及基本或根本问题,并且对人民有直接影响,将由总统本人提出。本文将讨论印尼第6任总统苏西洛(Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono)如何透过大众媒体及其他媒体,利用政治沟通向民众传达讯息
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引用次数: 1
Strategi Komunikasi politik dan Budaya Transparasi Partai Politik 政党透明度政治与文化交流战略
Pub Date : 2017-01-31 DOI: 10.55745/jpp.v2i1.15
Rosidi Rosidi
Freedom of information has become a momentum for the effort to realize "good governance" and promote democratic governance system in Indonesia. With the enactment of Freedom of Informaion Law No. 14 of 2008, the public was given access to the right of public informasion as human right such as guaranteed by law. Public freedom of information should encourage public participation. Political partied as public intitutions also have to give information in the service of the public who wish to access any kind of information which is regulated by law. However, based on reports ICW, how diffcult political parties provide the information requested by the ICW. This paper examines the political culture, political communication strategies and public freedom of information within the political part?ies.
信息自由已成为印尼实现“善治”、推进民主治理体系的动力。随着2008年第14号《信息自由法》的颁布,公众获得公共信息的权利被视为法律保障的人权。公众信息自由应鼓励公众参与。政党作为公共机构也必须提供信息,以便为希望获得法律规定的任何种类的信息的公众服务。然而,根据ICW的报告,政党提供ICW要求的信息是多么困难。本文考察了政治领域的政治文化、政治传播策略和公众信息自由。
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引用次数: 1
Nasionalisme dan Radikalisme di Era Globalisasi
Pub Date : 2017-01-31 DOI: 10.55745/jpp.v2i1.14
Rahadi Budi Prayitno
Samuel Hunington's thesis about Clash of Civilzation after the collapse of bipolar world politics and the completion of the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union is a multipolar international political constellation and the phenomenon of globalization resulted in the emergence of Islam as a result of the magnitude of globalization. And non-state actors are increasingly emerging in the era of globalization, one of which is terrorism-based Islamic radicalism that can threaten the integration of a nation.
亨宁顿关于两极世界政治崩溃和美苏冷战结束后的文明冲突的论点是一个多极的国际政治星座,全球化现象导致了伊斯兰教的出现,这是全球化规模的结果。在全球化时代,非国家行为体日益出现,以恐怖主义为基础的伊斯兰激进主义就是其中之一,它可能威胁到一个国家的一体化。
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引用次数: 0
Memadukan Nasionalisme, Demokrasi dan Ideologi Pancasila 它融合了民族主义、民主和潘卡西拉意识形态
Pub Date : 2017-01-31 DOI: 10.55745/jpp.v2i1.13
Efriza Efriza
This paper tries to analyze the development of politics and also respond the goverment efforts in combining nationalism, democracy, and the ideology of Pancasila. The ideology of Pancasila is now being attempted to be re-established as a common ideology. Pancasila ideology's unconscious awareness is an attempt to foster a sense of nationalism.
本文试图分析政治的发展,并回应政府将民族主义、民主主义和潘卡西拉的意识形态结合起来的努力。潘卡西拉的意识形态现在正试图重新确立为一种共同的意识形态。潘卡西拉意识形态的无意识意识是一种培养民族主义意识的尝试。
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引用次数: 0
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Politika Jurnal Ilmu Politik
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