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An enhanced design of PAPR reduction technique 一种改进的PAPR还原技术设计
Pub Date : 2014-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICECE.2014.7026824
M. Mowla, Zaki Muhammad Shahriar, S. M. Mahmud Hasan
Next generation wireless communication networks (NGN) uses one of the emerging multicarrier multiplexing transmission techniques which is known as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). It provides several advantages such as offering greater immunity to multipath fading & impulse noise, eliminating inter-symbol interference (ISI), inter-carrier interference (ICI) & the need for equalizers. However, OFDM have a generic problem of high peak to average power ratio (PAPR) which is defined as the ratio of the peak power to the average power of the OFDM signal. In this paper, an improved design of amplitude clipping & filtering method is proposed and implemented which shows the significant improvement in case of PAPR reduction compare to an existing method.
下一代无线通信网络(NGN)采用一种新兴的多载波复用传输技术,即正交频分复用(OFDM)。它提供了几个优点,如提供更大的抗多径衰落和脉冲噪声,消除符号间干扰(ISI),载波间干扰(ICI)和对均衡器的需求。然而,OFDM有一个普遍的问题,即峰值平均功率比(PAPR),即OFDM信号的峰值功率与平均功率之比。本文提出并实现了一种改进的削幅滤波方法,与现有方法相比,在减小PAPR的情况下有了显著的改进。
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引用次数: 0
Minimization of output fluctuation of a fixed speed IG based wind farm without capacitor by using PMSG 用PMSG最小化无电容固定转速IG风电场输出波动
Pub Date : 2014-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICECE.2014.7026832
M. Sheikh, Z. Tasneem
Capacitors are considered as the prime element in a fixed speed Induction Generator (IG) based wind farm along with the other external controlling devices for providing the necessary reactive power compensation. But this paper proposes that the capacitors as well as the external controlling devices can be eliminated from the wind farm if Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) is included in the system. The proposed model of PMSG works not only as a power producing generator but also as a controlling device for IG. A 50 MW wind farm has been considered for this study which consists of both IG and PMSG without any capacitors or controlling devices. Varying load condition has also been considered for a composite wind farm with Synchronous Generator (SG). Simulation results prove the effectiveness of the proposed system. Both the dynamic and transient analyses have been carried out by using the laboratory standard power system software package, PSCAD/EMTDC.
电容器被认为是固定转速感应发电机(IG)风电场的主要元件,与其他外部控制装置一起提供必要的无功补偿。但本文提出,如果在风电场系统中加入永磁同步发电机(PMSG),则可以消除电容器和外部控制装置。所提出的PMSG模型不仅可以作为发电发电机,还可以作为IG的控制装置。本研究考虑了一个50兆瓦的风电场,该风电场由IG和PMSG组成,没有任何电容器或控制装置。同时考虑了带同步发电机的复合风电场的变负荷工况。仿真结果证明了该系统的有效性。利用实验室标准电力系统软件包PSCAD/EMTDC进行了动态和暂态分析。
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引用次数: 2
Dynamics of fullerene self-insertion into carbon nanotubes in water 富勒烯在水中自插入碳纳米管的动力学
Pub Date : 2014-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICECE.2014.7026906
M. M. Rahman, Mokter Mahmud Chowdhury, M. K. Alam
The dynamics of fullerene self-insertion into carbon nanotubes in water are studied by molecular dynamics simulations. It is revealed that the van der Waals interaction between the nanotube and fullerene introduces a spontaneous insertion of fullerene molecule inside the nanotube in the presence of water molecules when the initial separation between the nanotube and the fullerene is less than a critical distance. It is also demonstrated that the insertion process is strongly dependent upon the radius of the nanotubes and does not show a significant dependence upon the temperature or the length of the nanotubes. The study suggests possible bottom-up self-assembly of novel nanostructures like peapod (one or more fullerene molecules inside a carbon nanotube), which has great potential in the fields of nano-oscillator and futuristic quantum information processor.
采用分子动力学模拟方法研究了富勒烯在水中自插入碳纳米管的动力学过程。结果表明,当纳米管与富勒烯的初始距离小于临界距离时,在水分子存在的情况下,富勒烯分子会自发地插入到纳米管中。研究还表明,插入过程强烈依赖于纳米管的半径,而不显示出对温度或纳米管长度的显著依赖。该研究提出了一种由下向上自组装的新型纳米结构,如豆荚(碳纳米管内一个或多个富勒烯分子),在纳米振荡器和未来量子信息处理器领域具有很大的潜力。
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引用次数: 2
Characterization of electrodeposited multiwall carbon nanotube films on silicon substrates 硅衬底上电沉积多壁碳纳米管薄膜的表征
Pub Date : 2014-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICECE.2014.7027003
M. Rahman, M. A. Uddin, Ahmedullah Aziz, Tanvir Mustofa, Z. Mahmood, T. Soga, S. M. Mominuzzaman
Multiwall Carbon Nanotube (MWCNT) films were deposited on Silicon (Si) substrate. The effect of 0.1% and 0.2% solutions of MWCNT incorporation with methanol were investigated. pH of various solutions before and after deposition has been analyzed. pH of the solutions was increased after deposition. Change in the variation of current density as a function of applied potential was observed. Current density was increased as the percentage of MWCNT was increased. The electrodeposited MWCNT films were characterized by SEM, UV-VIS-IR and Raman spectroscopy. In SEM micrographs, changes were observed in the electrodeposited films compared to pure Si substrates. Raman measurement proved the amorphous nature of MWCNT in these thin films. From the UV-VIS-IR measurement it was observed that the absorption of light has been increased by the increase of MWCNT. So the optoelectronic properties of the electrodeposited films are tunable by electrodeposition using MWCNT on Si substrates.
在硅衬底上沉积了多壁碳纳米管(MWCNT)薄膜。研究了0.1%和0.2%甲醇掺入MWCNT溶液的效果。分析了不同溶液沉积前后的pH值。溶液沉积后pH值升高。观察到电流密度随外加电位的变化。电流密度随MWCNT含量的增加而增加。采用扫描电镜(SEM)、紫外可见红外光谱(UV-VIS-IR)和拉曼光谱(Raman spectroscopy)对电沉积MWCNT薄膜进行了表征。在SEM显微照片中,与纯Si衬底相比,电沉积薄膜发生了变化。拉曼测量证明了MWCNT在这些薄膜中的无定形性质。紫外-可见-红外测量结果表明,纳米碳纳米管的增加增加了对光的吸收。因此,在硅衬底上电沉积MWCNT薄膜的光电性能是可调的。
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引用次数: 3
Development of a microcontroller-based AC voltage controller with soft start capability 基于单片机的交流电压软启动控制器的研制
Pub Date : 2014-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICECE.2014.7026977
Arifur Rahman, N. Ansari, Nazneen Ahmed, K. Rahman, Md. Zahurul Islam
This paper describes the development of a prototype of a microcontroller-based phase angle controlled single-phase AC voltage controller that can efficiently control AC voltage and also accommodates soft start capability for single-phase induction motors. The output voltage of the controller is regulated to maintain a desired fixed RMS value and provide stabilized output by implementing a feedback control system. One microcontroller generates PWM signals in synchronism with the supply voltage to control the firing angle of thyristors while a second microcontroller remains dedicated for measuring the RMS value of the output voltage and sending that to the main microcontroller for the purpose of feedback control. The provision for soft starting of a load is also incorporated into this prototype.
本文介绍了一种基于微控制器的相角控制单相交流电压控制器的原型,该控制器既能有效地控制交流电压,又能满足单相感应电动机的软启动能力。控制器的输出电压被调节以维持期望的固定均方根值,并通过实施反馈控制系统提供稳定的输出。一个微控制器产生与电源电压同步的PWM信号来控制晶闸管的发射角度,而第二个微控制器仍然致力于测量输出电压的RMS值并将其发送到主微控制器以进行反馈控制。负载软启动的规定也纳入了这个原型。
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引用次数: 3
Low temperature synthesis of carbon nanotubes and carbon nanospheres 碳纳米管和碳纳米球的低温合成
Pub Date : 2014-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICECE.2014.7026936
M. G. Kibria, A. K. M. Bazlur Rashid
Recently nanomaterial have gained a great interest due to their unique electrical and optical properties. The area of carbon materials have since been dominated by studies of carbon nanotubes. So far numerous methods have been developed for the synthesis of CNTs; in this work we have synthesized CNTs via a simple chemical route. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are successfully synthesized by heating a mixture of ferrocene and ammonium chloride at temperature as low as 250 °C. Carbon nanospheres are also observed here. Carbon spheres (CSs) of different sizes and shapes are present randomly in the sample. Field emission scanning electron microscopy is performed to examine the morphology of the sample and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) is performed to examine the composition.
近年来,纳米材料以其独特的电学和光学特性引起了人们的极大兴趣。碳材料的研究一直以碳纳米管的研究为主。到目前为止,已经开发了许多合成碳纳米管的方法;在这项工作中,我们通过简单的化学途径合成了碳纳米管。采用低至250℃的温度加热二茂铁和氯化铵的混合物,成功合成了碳纳米管。这里也观察到碳纳米球。不同大小和形状的碳球(CSs)在样品中随机存在。用场发射扫描电子显微镜检查样品的形貌,用能量色散x射线光谱学(EDX)检查其组成。
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引用次数: 1
Robust control of robot manipulator based on estimation of upper bounds on parametric uncertainty 基于参数不确定性上界估计的机器人机械臂鲁棒控制
Pub Date : 2014-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICECE.2014.7026886
A. Khalate, R. Dey, G. Ray
This paper proposes a robust control law for trajectory tracking problem of an n-link robot manipulator subjected to parametric uncertainty. The control law is derived based on Lyapunov theory, which guarantees asymptotic stability of the system. The upper bounds on the parametric uncertainties are determined with estimation law and an additional control input is updated according to the estimated value. The proposed methods improve tracking performance and provide less control effort with no chattering effect in control torques. The simulation results of 2-link robot manipulator are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
针对具有参数不确定性的n连杆机器人的轨迹跟踪问题,提出了一种鲁棒控制律。基于李雅普诺夫理论推导了控制律,保证了系统的渐近稳定。利用估计律确定参数不确定性的上界,并根据估计值更新附加控制输入。该方法提高了跟踪性能,减少了控制工作量,且控制转矩不产生抖振效应。最后给出了二连杆机器人的仿真结果,验证了所提方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 6
Design and optimal cost analysis of hybrid power system for Kutubdia island of Bangladesh 孟加拉国库图布迪亚岛混合电力系统设计及最优成本分析
Pub Date : 2014-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICECE.2014.7026871
A. Sikder, Nishat Anjum Khan, A. Hoque
Hybrid power system is the newest idea of utilizing renewable energy resources for generating electricity. Power generation largely depends on fossil fuel and as the total amount of reserved fossil fuel is decreasing we have to search for new resources for power generation. Hybrid power system usually demonstrates lower cost of production and higher reliability than the power system only using one renewable source. Geographically, Bangladesh is situated in an area having many renewable resources. Utilization of these resources could help to minimize the power crisis of Bangladesh. As Bangladesh has a large coastal area, we can have moderate wind speed and tidal wave throughout the year. A hybrid power system utilizing wind and tidal energy will be effective to generate power in the coastal areas. This paper shows the design and optimal cost analysis of a hybrid power system using wind and tidal energy in the Kutubdia island of Bangladesh.
混合动力系统是利用可再生能源发电的最新理念。发电在很大程度上依赖于化石燃料,随着化石燃料储备总量的减少,我们不得不寻找新的发电资源。混合电力系统通常比只使用一种可再生能源的电力系统具有更低的生产成本和更高的可靠性。在地理上,孟加拉国位于一个拥有许多可再生资源的地区。利用这些资源有助于尽量减少孟加拉国的电力危机。由于孟加拉国沿海面积大,全年风速和潮汐都适中。利用风能和潮汐能的混合动力系统将有效地在沿海地区发电。本文介绍了孟加拉国库图布迪亚岛一个利用风能和潮汐能的混合电力系统的设计和最优成本分析。
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引用次数: 9
Effects of physical parameters on subthreshold characteristics of nitride and antimonide-based double material gate (DMG) HEMTs 物理参数对氮和锑基双材料栅极hemt亚阈值特性的影响
Pub Date : 2014-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICECE.2014.7026974
Arman-Ur-Rashid, M. A. Hossain, Tanvir Rahman, F. M. Mohammedy
In this papar we have varied the physical parameters of double material gate (DMG) HEMT and noted the change in subthreshold characteristics. The physical parameters are: control-gate length, barrier layer thickness and the work function difference between two gate materials. A semi-classical analytical model has been used to determine the channel potential and electric field. One nitride-based and three antimonide-based formations have been used in this work and their results have been compared. We have found that nitride-based DMG HEMTs are less sensitive to process variation of gate fabrication compared to antimonide-based DMG HEMTs. It has been seen that variation in barrier layer thickness affects nitride-based HEMTs more strongly than antimonide-based DMG HEMTs, while the effect of change in workfunction difference is more prominent in antimonide-based HEMTs. Among the antimonide-based HEMTs, it have been seen that the formation with deep conduction band discontinuity is more susceptible to change in control-gate length than formations with shallow conduction band discontinuity. But effects of barrier layer thickness change and change in workfunction difference are more noticeable in shallow conduction band formations, making these formations more effective as double material gate (DMG) structures.
在本文中,我们改变了双材料栅极HEMT的物理参数,并注意到其亚阈值特性的变化。物理参数为:控制栅长度、阻挡层厚度和两种栅材料的功函数差。用半经典解析模型确定了通道电位和电场。在这项工作中使用了一种氮基和三种锑基地层,并对其结果进行了比较。我们发现氮基DMG hemt与锑基DMG hemt相比,对栅极制造工艺变化的敏感性较低。研究发现,势垒层厚度变化对氮基hemt的影响强于锑基DMG hemt,而功函数差变化对锑基hemt的影响更为显著。在锑基hemt中,深导带不连续的地层比浅导带不连续的地层更容易受到控制栅长度变化的影响。而在浅层导带层中,势垒层厚度变化和功函数差变化的影响更为明显,使得这些层作为双材料栅极(DMG)结构更有效。
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引用次数: 1
Effect of stone-wales defects and edge roughness on the switching and frequency performance of graphene nanoribbon-FET 石纹缺陷和边缘粗糙度对石墨烯纳米带fet开关和频率性能的影响
Pub Date : 2014-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICECE.2014.7026932
A. Saha, G. Saha, A. Harun-ur Rashid
The novel electronic properties of graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) including purely two-dimensional structure along with its tunable bandgap have led to intense research into possible applications of this material in nanoscale devices. However, as yet, dimensions of its possibilities in practical device levels have remained inconsistent. In this paper we propose a model for GNR-FET that is made from only Armchair GNRs. Our complete NEGF-based simulation reveals its potential for fast digital electronics with On/Off ratio up to 103, transconductance of 8.5×103 nS/nm which lead to a analog operational frequency up to 3.3THz. The effects of Stone-Wales defects and Edge Roughness in GNRs have been analysed here that shows switching and frequency performance degradation of such GNR-FETs.
石墨烯纳米带(gnr)的新颖电子特性,包括纯二维结构及其可调带隙,导致了对这种材料在纳米级器件中可能应用的激烈研究。然而,到目前为止,它在实际设备层面的可能性仍然不一致。在本文中,我们提出了一种仅由扶手型gnr构成的GNR-FET模型。我们完整的基于negf的仿真揭示了其在快速数字电子器件中的潜力,其开/关比高达103,跨导为8.5×103 nS/nm,模拟工作频率高达3.3THz。本文分析了gnr中Stone-Wales缺陷和边缘粗糙度的影响,显示了这种gnr - fet的开关和频率性能下降。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
8th International Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering
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