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Bulletin of Carol I National Defense University最新文献

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”ROMANIAN BRIDGEHEAD” AS A POLITICAL AND MILITARY CONCEPT IN SEPTEMBER 1939 1939年9月,“罗马尼亚桥头堡”成为政治和军事概念
Pub Date : 2022-10-20 DOI: 10.53477/2284-9378-22-76
Paweł Gotowiecki
The article concerns the intention to group Polish troops on the so-called Romanian bridgehead, created during the Polish campaign of 1939. The author presents the geopolitical conditions for the Polish strategic concepts, including the special importance that Romanian diplomatic relations had, including the common border relevance for Poland’s defence.The article presents the assumptions and changes to the Polish operational plan, in which, along with hostilities’ progress, the importance of the intention to create a defensive redoubt based on the Romanian border grew. The author sums up the article by discussing the military significance of the Romanian bridgehead during the military operations at the beginning of World War II
这篇文章涉及将波兰军队集中在1939年波兰战役期间建立的所谓罗马尼亚桥头堡的意图。作者介绍了波兰战略概念的地缘政治条件,包括罗马尼亚外交关系的特殊重要性,包括对波兰国防的共同边界的相关性。本文提出了波兰行动计划的设想和变化,其中,随着敌对行动的进展,在罗马尼亚边境建立防御堡垒的意图的重要性日益增加。作者通过讨论罗马尼亚桥头堡在第二次世界大战初期军事行动中的军事意义来总结这篇文章
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引用次数: 0
THE HYBRID WAR CONCEPT EVOLUTION IN ROMANIA’S NATIONAL DEFENCE STRATEGIES 罗马尼亚国防战略中混合战争概念的演变
Pub Date : 2022-10-20 DOI: 10.53477/2284-9378-22-82
Ilie Răsvan Dumitru
The disappearance of the bipolar hegemonic character, the globalization process, the preservation of some hegemonic statutes and the hybrid aggressions emergence against the tense competitive markets and resources background were the key factors that led to international security environment major changes, fact that required a national defence rethinking, based on new risks and state threats. The way national defence strategies are designed and their content have varied from one period to another, depending on international events, economic crises, geopolitical games as well as past and present affiliations with regional or international institutions and organizations. The hybrid war concept was graduallly introduced in the defence strategies, initially being associated with some more well-known patterns such as asymmetric, informational aggression, terrorism or cyber attacks. However, considering that the conceptual boundaries between peace and war were diluted, they would all need a better nuanced, developed and argued approach.
两极霸权特征的消失、全球化进程、一些霸权法规的保留以及在紧张的竞争市场和资源背景下出现的混合侵略是导致国际安全环境发生重大变化的关键因素,这一事实要求在新的风险和国家威胁的基础上重新思考国防。国防战略的设计方式及其内容因国际事件、经济危机、地缘政治游戏以及过去和现在与区域或国际机构和组织的关系而异。混合战争概念逐渐被引入国防战略,最初与一些更知名的模式,如不对称、信息侵略、恐怖主义或网络攻击有关。然而,考虑到和平与战争之间的概念界限被淡化,它们都需要一种更细致、更成熟和更有争议的方法。
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引用次数: 0
FEATURES OF SMALL TACTICAL UNITS’ ACTIVITIES IN THE INFORMATION ENVIRONMENT 信息环境下小型战术单位的活动特征
Pub Date : 2022-10-20 DOI: 10.53477/2284-9378-22-78
G. Belchev
This article discusses the challenges faced by small tactical units when operating in the information environment. Globalization, the development of communications and the complexity of combat operations increase its importance in conducting tactical activities. The article examines the characteristics of the information environment and some tools that can be used in the decision-making process. Additionally, some of the capabilities that small tactical units should possess are analyzed. Their importance derives from current capabilities and practical experience.
本文讨论了小型战术单位在信息化环境下作战时所面临的挑战。全球化、通信的发展和作战行动的复杂性增加了它在进行战术活动中的重要性。本文考察了信息环境的特点和决策过程中可以使用的一些工具。此外,还分析了小型战术单位应该具备的一些能力。它们的重要性来自于当前的能力和实际经验。
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引用次数: 0
ȘTEFAN FĂLCOIANU AND THE SUPERIOR SCHOOL OF WAR Ștefan fĂlcoianu和高级战争学派
Pub Date : 2022-10-20 DOI: 10.53477/2284-9378-22-85
L. Hîmpă
This article aims to present Ştefan Fălcoianu`s personality and vast activity, (June 6, 1835 - January 22, 1905) a research based on the Fălcoianu Family Fund original documents from the Romanian ,National Archives in Bucharest. The documentary fund dates from 1836-1944 and was taken from the Ilfov Archives Branch. The documents contain information about the Fălcoianu family`s genealogy, on General Ștefan Ioniță Fălcoianu`s activity. The preserved correspondence reflects Stefan Fălcoianu’s ties with personalities of the time: Constantin Barozzi1, Octav George Lecca2 and the Belgian general Henri Alexis Brialmont3
本文以布加勒斯特罗马尼亚国家档案馆的福尔库亚努家族基金原始文件为基础,介绍Ştefan福尔库亚努的个性和广泛的活动(1835年6月6日- 1905年1月22日)。文件基金的日期为1836年至1944年,是从伊尔福夫档案处拿走的。这些文件包含了关于furlcoianu家族家谱的信息,网址是General Ștefan Ioniță furlcoianu的活动。保存下来的信件反映了斯特凡·富尔科亚努与当时的名人的联系:康斯坦丁·巴罗齐、奥克塔夫·乔治·莱卡和比利时将军亨利·亚历克西斯·布里阿尔蒙
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引用次数: 0
CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING THE MEANING OF CHANGE IN THE LAND FORCES POST-SECONDARY MILITARY EDUCATION SYSTEM 关于陆军高等军事教育体系变革意义的思考
Pub Date : 2022-10-20 DOI: 10.53477/2284-9378-22-83
Mioara ( CULEA) ȘERBAN
The pandemic crisis has ironically and paradoxically demonstrated an incredible drive for change and the need for this, due to a continuous downgrade of the relations with the authorities and to the phenomenon of “telework” or “online schooling”. Change makes sense, whether it is a naturally generated phenomenon or a consequence of human action. Caught between an objective and a subjective reality, the military education system has the power to produce qualitative mutations, through a new version, the intersubjective one, in which the emphasis falls on the importance of values and beliefs. These beliefs represented, beyond physical resources and throughout history, especially through the wars fought, the most important resource through which the leader obtained victory, based on the assumed strategy. Used as a research method, systematic observation created the context for a complex alchemy that confirmed the undesirable obligation of what produces meaning and created an algorithm of future reconstructions, based on changes in all three dimensions giving additional credit to intersubjective reality, through the given meaning
具有讽刺意味和矛盾的是,由于与当局的关系不断降级以及"远程工作"或"在线教育"现象的出现,大流行病危机显示出令人难以置信的变革动力和变革的必要性。变化是有意义的,不管它是自然产生的现象还是人类行为的结果。在客观现实和主观现实之间,军事教育系统有能力通过一个新的版本,即强调价值观和信仰重要性的主体间性版本,产生质的突变。这些信念超越了物质资源,在整个历史中,特别是在战争中,是领导者根据假设的战略获得胜利的最重要的资源。作为一种研究方法,系统的观察为复杂的炼金术创造了背景,确认了产生意义的不受欢迎的义务,并创建了未来重建的算法,基于所有三个维度的变化,通过给定的意义,给予主体间现实额外的信任
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引用次数: 0
THE IMPLICATIONS “GLOBAL OBJECTIVES” IMPLEMENTATION ON ROMANIA’S ECONOMIC SECURITY 全球目标的实施对罗马尼亚经济安全的影响
Pub Date : 2022-10-20 DOI: 10.53477/2284-9378-22-87
Nicușor Cojan
The 2030 United Nations Agenda for Sustainable Development, adopted on September 25, 2015, promotes the balance among the three sustainable development dimensions – economic, social and environmental and establishes a global framework for achieving sustainable development by 2030, having 17 sustainable development (SDGs) objectives and 169 related targets. The European Union, together with its member states, has committed to implementing these goals at EU level, as well as at other non-EU countries, most in need of support. Romania joined the leaders of the 192 UN member states at the Development Summit, adopting the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, a universal development global action program. In this context, Romania’s 2030 National Strategy for Sustainable Development was drawn up and approved by the Government on November 9, 2018, and Romania’s economic security issues were included in 2020 National Defence Strategy.
2015年9月25日通过的《2030年联合国可持续发展议程》促进了经济、社会和环境三个可持续发展维度之间的平衡,并建立了到2030年实现可持续发展的全球框架,其中包括17个可持续发展目标和169个相关具体目标。欧洲联盟及其成员国已承诺在欧盟层面以及在最需要支持的其他非欧盟国家实施这些目标。罗马尼亚与192个联合国成员国领导人一道参加了发展峰会,通过了2030年可持续发展议程,这是一项全球性的发展行动纲领。在此背景下,罗马尼亚政府于2018年11月9日制定并批准了《2030年国家可持续发展战略》,并将经济安全问题纳入《2020年国防战略》。
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引用次数: 0
PUBLIC COMMUNICATION IN PURSUING AND PROMOTING THE INTERESTS OF SECURITY ACTORS – A TAXONOMIC APPROACH 追求和促进安全行为者利益的公共传播&一种分类方法
Pub Date : 2022-07-05 DOI: 10.53477/2284-9378-22-72
Iulia Cojocaru
This paper aims to identify the best ways to support security actors in the process of promoting and pursuing their interests, through public communication. In this respect, we have considered it relevant to identify and present the forms of public communication most often used in the information environment for the purpose of influencing power games, and we have classified them into two categories: constructive and destructive, taking into account ethical aspects in terms of transmitter’s intentionality, as well as the whole set of effects that they produce on the security environment (direct effects – short term, and indirect effects – long term), on its dynamics, and ultimately on the world order. Following our analysis, we will have identified strategic communication (and the techniques derived from it) as the form of public communication whose whole set of effects generated suits the interests of the actor – transmitter, the citizen – as an exponent of international society –, as well as the ideal of peace.
本文旨在通过公共沟通,确定在促进和追求安全行为者利益的过程中支持他们的最佳方式。在这方面,我们认为识别和呈现信息环境中最常用于影响权力游戏的公共传播形式是相关的,我们将其分为两类:建设性和破坏性,考虑到传播者意图方面的道德方面,以及它们对安全环境产生的一整套影响(直接影响——短期,间接影响——长期),对其动态,最终对世界秩序产生的影响。根据我们的分析,我们将确定战略传播(及其衍生的技术)是一种公共传播形式,其产生的整套效果符合行为者——传播者、公民——作为国际社会的倡导者——的利益,也符合和平的理想。
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引用次数: 0
ELEMENTS OF PLANNING THE DEPLOYMENT OF FORCES WITH THE SUPPORT OF THE AIR FORCE 在空军的支持下,规划部队部署的要素
Pub Date : 2022-07-05 DOI: 10.53477/2284-9378-22-74
Ilie Angiu
In the overall conduct of the joint operations, the Air Force through its transport component and the capabilities held in the RSOM process ensures for participants in operations, mainly the transport of forces by air, but also the provision of certain capabilities and facilities, both at tactical level as well as at operational and strategic level. The process of deploying forces with the support of the Air Force is essential in the economy and the success of joint operations, due to the fact that the transport of forces by air in certain situations may be the only mode of transport that is available, efficient and necessary to be chosen due to time constraints, price, security risks and nature of cargo.
在联合作战的总体实施中,空军通过其运输组成部分和RSOM过程中持有的能力确保行动参与者,主要是通过空中运输部队,但也提供战术层面以及作战和战略层面的某些能力和设施。在空军支持下部署部队的过程对经济和联合作战的成功至关重要,因为在某些情况下,由于时间限制、价格、安全风险和货物性质,空运部队可能是唯一可用、有效和必要的运输方式。
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引用次数: 0
COPD V3.0 AND IMPLICATIONS ON THE JOINT LEVEL Copd v3.0及其对关节水平的影响
Pub Date : 2022-07-05 DOI: 10.53477/2284-9378-22-68
Catalin Chiriac
The Comprehensive Operations Planning Directive / COPD, version 2.0, has been in recent years a guide for planners at the strategic and operational levels who need to understand and implement specific operations planning processes. Consistently applied by the member states of the Alliance, the Directive has reached the stage where the lessons identified have required its revision, with a view to improving and aligning it with the new requirements of the operating environment. Thus, the publishing of the COPD version 3.0 at NATO level established the process of modifying procedures or maturing thinking at the strategic and operational levels. Following the guidelines of previous versions, COPD version 3.0 describes in detail the planning processes specific to the strategic and operational levels, remaining the same indispensable tool necessary for planners to carry out the operations planning process.
《综合作战规划指令》/CCOPD 2.0版近年来一直是战略和作战层面规划者的指南,他们需要了解和实施具体的作战规划流程。该指令得到了联盟成员国的一致应用,已达到需要对所确定的经验教训进行修订的阶段,以期改进该指令并使其与运营环境的新要求保持一致。因此,COPD 3.0版在北约层面的发布确立了在战略和作战层面修改程序或成熟思维的过程。根据先前版本的指导方针,COPD 3.0版详细描述了特定于战略和运营层面的规划流程,仍然是规划者执行运营规划流程所必需的不可或缺的工具。
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引用次数: 0
THE RESILIENCE OF CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURES WITHIN THE NATIONAL ENERGY SYSTEM IN ORDER TO ENSURE ENERGY AND NATIONAL SECURITY 国家能源系统内关键基础设施的弹性,以确保能源和国家安全
Pub Date : 2022-07-05 DOI: 10.53477/2284-9378-22-75
Nicolae Daniel Fîță, S. Radu, D. Pasculescu
Energy security and implicitly the regional energy architecture composed of critical energy infrastructures (power substations and overhead lines at 400 kV), can undergo various mutations and transformations caused by a possible syncope in the extraction, transport and exploitation of energy resources and energy, due to energy dynamism. The vulnerability of these critical energy infrastructures generates a number of risks and threats to them, thus endangering societal life, creating malfunctions and generating extreme damage to the state. Critical energy infrastructures thus become indispensable to society, without which the state and its mechanisms cannot function and ensure societal well-being, and their protection becomes a major national and European objective, prompting representatives of the member states of the European Union to take action to identify and manage any risk or threat. In the face of the vulnerabilities, threats and risks Romania faces in the new dynamic, turbulent and unpredictable geopolitical context of global, regional and Euro-Atlantic security, amid the military and health crisis and amplified by the global energy crisis manifested by the unfounded and unexpected increase in energy price, the Romanian state should have a strategy for strengthening the resilience of critical energy infrastructures, based on predictability, flexibility, continuity, adaptability and resilience.
由于能源动态,能源安全和隐含的由关键能源基础设施(变电站和400千伏架空线路)组成的区域能源架构可能会因能源资源和能源的提取、运输和开发中可能出现的晕厥而发生各种突变和转变。这些关键能源基础设施的脆弱性给它们带来了许多风险和威胁,从而危及社会生活,造成故障,并对国家造成极大损害。因此,关键的能源基础设施成为社会不可或缺的一部分,没有这些基础设施,国家及其机制就无法发挥作用并确保社会福祉,保护这些基础设施成为国家和欧洲的主要目标,促使欧盟成员国的代表采取行动,识别和管理任何风险或威胁。面对罗马尼亚在全球、区域和欧洲-大西洋安全的新的动态、动荡和不可预测的地缘政治背景下所面临的脆弱性、威胁和风险,面对军事和卫生危机,以及因能源价格毫无根据和意外上涨而加剧的全球能源危机,罗马尼亚国家应制定一项战略,以可预测性、灵活性和连续性为基础,加强关键能源基础设施的复原力,适应性和弹性。
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引用次数: 2
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Bulletin of Carol I National Defense University
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