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Russia’s Engineering-Economical Education Development: Sectors, Specialists, Courses 俄罗斯工程经济教育发展:部门、专家、课程
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.37930/1990-9780-2021-3-69-123-133
S. Antonov
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引用次数: 1
Strategic planning as an integrative feature in development management system 战略规划作为发展管理体系的一个整体特征
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.37930/1990-9780-2021-3-69-14-19
S. Glazyev
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引用次数: 3
Strategic priorities for the ski tourism development worldwide and in Russia 全球和俄罗斯滑雪旅游发展的战略重点
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.37930/1990-9780-2022-2-72-123-136
I. Chkhotua
The article provides a strategic analysis of ski tourism development at the national and global level. The identified global, national and regional trends form new opportunities for the tourism industry, significantly changing its functioning model, strategic priorities, goals and objectives. Tourism industry enterprises should realize the planned shifts and build a new or adjust existing development strategies to ensure long-term functioning in the market. The strategic initiatives proposed in the article are based on the theoretical foundations of the Russian school of strategizing developed by V.L. Kvint, an academician of the Russian Academy of Science, a practical scientist with extensive experience in the field of strategizing big domestic and international companies. The purpose of study ‒ to determine the strategic priorities for ski tourism development in the world and in Russia based on the theory of strategy and methodology of strategizing academician V.L. Kvint. The definition of strategic priorities for the national sky industry should also be based on the resource potential of the industry (natural, recreational, infrastructural, financial, personnel and etc.) and take into account the historical features of the national tourism industry development. For today the consumption model in ski tourism is undergoing essential changes from the primacy of the sports component in it, to an increase in attention to entertainment and après-ski, when skiing is not the main motive for traveling to the mountains, but one of the great variety of attractions on the mountain. In the conditions of excess demand over supply of services, the strategic task is to retain the existing client base and attract the younger generation to the ski culture, as well as the collaboration of ski leisure with other types of pastime within the city (construction of indoor ski centers within the city). Digitalization of all aspects of society’s life has formed a new standard for providing of travel services - a comprehensive customized service of high quality and the seamlessness of its provision to the consumer, which modern ski complexes should also meet.
本文从国家和全球层面对滑雪旅游发展进行了战略分析。已确定的全球、国家和区域趋势为旅游业带来了新的机遇,大大改变了其运作模式、战略重点、目标和目的。旅游业企业应实现有计划的转变,建立新的或调整现有的发展战略,以确保在市场上的长期运作。本文提出的战略举措是基于俄罗斯科学院院士V.L. Kvint的俄罗斯战略学派的理论基础,他是一位在国内外大公司战略领域拥有丰富经验的实践科学家。本研究的目的是根据V.L. Kvint院士的战略理论和战略制定方法,确定世界和俄罗斯滑雪旅游发展的战略重点。国家天空产业战略重点的确定还应基于产业的资源潜力(自然、休闲、基础设施、资金、人才等),并考虑到国家旅游产业发展的历史特点。如今,滑雪旅游的消费模式正经历着根本性的变化,从以运动为主转变为越来越重视娱乐和滑雪,因为滑雪并不是到山上旅游的主要动机,而是山上众多吸引人的地方之一。在服务供过于求的情况下,战略任务是保留现有的客户群,吸引年轻一代参与滑雪文化,以及滑雪休闲与城市内其他类型消遣的合作(在城市内建设室内滑雪中心)。社会生活各个方面的数字化已经形成了提供旅游服务的新标准——高质量的全面定制服务和向消费者提供的无缝性,现代滑雪场也应该满足这些标准。
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引用次数: 2
Strategic role of the core agro-industrial holdings in ensuring food security of the Russian Federation (beef cattle farming case study) 核心农工控股在确保俄罗斯联邦粮食安全方面的战略作用(肉牛养殖案例研究)
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.37930/1990-9780-2022-1-71-163-173
M. Grinchenko
Strategic enterprises of the Russian meat livestock sector are represented by vertically integrated agro-industrial holdings, whose competitive advantages, functional structure, and specifics of their businesses make corporations important participants in ensuring national food security. The theoretical and methodological basis of the work is the general theory of strategy and methodology of strategizing by academician Vladimir L. Kvint. The study revealed that ensuring national food security in Russia is under the influence of several strategic threats, in particular: insufficient stability of the institutional environment; biased quantitative criteria for achieving food security; lack of strategic management of emergency periods. Overcoming these challenges is possible by building a strategic system hierarchical approach, in the theory of strategy and methodology of strategizing by Professor Vladimir L. Kvint. The fifth is called the Hierarchic System of Strategy based on the alignment of global, national, regional, and corporate interests. The latter primarily concern strategic agro-industrial holdings, whose industry leadership, production potential and financial stability can have a positive impact on increasing the sustainability of regional food markets by expanding the physical and economic availability of food, which contributes to improving the quality of life of the population – the main guideline of the strategy at any level.
俄罗斯肉类畜牧业的战略企业以垂直整合的农工控股为代表,其竞争优势、功能结构和业务特点使企业成为确保国家粮食安全的重要参与者。本书的理论和方法基础是弗拉基米尔·l·克文特院士的一般战略理论和战略制定方法论。研究表明,确保俄罗斯的国家粮食安全受到几个战略威胁的影响,特别是:体制环境不够稳定;实现粮食安全的有偏见的数量标准;缺乏紧急时期的战略管理。在弗拉基米尔·l·克文特教授的战略理论和战略制定方法中,通过建立战略系统分层方法来克服这些挑战是可能的。第五种是基于全球、国家、地区和企业利益的战略等级体系。后者主要涉及战略性农工控股公司,这些公司的行业领导地位、生产潜力和财务稳定性可通过扩大粮食的物质和经济供应,对提高区域粮食市场的可持续性产生积极影响,从而有助于提高人口的生活质量- -这是该战略在任何一级的主要指导方针。
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引用次数: 0
The evolution of property as progress and challenges to man 财产的演变是对人类的进步和挑战
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.37930/1990-9780-2022-1-71-39-47
A. Porokhovsky
The evolution of property at various stages of human civilization is considered. Particular attention is paid to private property as the basis for the functioning of the national market economy of individual countries. The peculiarity of private property in its various forms – individual, collective, mixed - is revealed. The dynamics of state ownership at various stages of the development of the national and world economy is shown, the mixed economy of modern capitalism is presented as an interaction of private, state and public property. The objective conditionality of increasing the role of the state in the protection of intellectual property, which increases its influence in the context of the spread of digital technologies, is revealed. The problem of human protection and the orientation of technological progress to improve the quality of people’s lives is posed.
考虑了人类文明不同阶段财产的演变。特别注意的是,私有财产是各国国家市场经济运作的基础。私有财产的各种形式——个人的、集体的、混合的——的特殊性显露出来了。国家所有制在国家和世界经济发展的各个阶段的动态被显示,现代资本主义的混合经济被呈现为私人,国家和公共财产的相互作用。本文揭示了提高国家在知识产权保护方面的作用的客观条件,这增加了国家在数字技术传播背景下的影响力。提出了保护人类的问题和提高人们生活质量的技术进步的方向。
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引用次数: 0
Intersectoral development potential management under industry 5.0: Theory, tools and practical applications 工业5.0下的跨部门发展潜力管理:理论、工具和实际应用
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.37930/1990-9780-2022-2-72-50-65
A. Babkin, E. Shkarupeta, V. Plotnikov
The main provisions, proposed tools and practical recommendations for managing the intersectoral potential for industrial development under Industry 5.0 are outlined in the article. The research methodology includes a systematic approach to the formation and management of the cyber-physical-social system with an emphasis on the cross-industry nature, the interdisciplinarity of the foundation and the transdisciplinarity of Industry 5.0; value, cyber-socio-techno-cognitive, human-centric and socio-centric approaches; platform interest. Choice evolution of industries and their objects (physical systems of Industry 1.0 - 3.0, cyber-physical system of Industry 4.0, cyber-physical-social system of Industry 5.0). The article provides a description of various factors, further analysis of which allows us to state that Industry 4.0 is not the basis for achieving higher development goals expected by 2030. The capabilities of the main characteristics, goals and opportunities of Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0 are compared. It is concluded that Industry 5.0 does not equally represent the next industrial revolution, how many attendants join Industry 4.0 technologies strengthening cooperation between humans and robots. Technologies, possible tools and practical applications of Industry 5.0 are systematized. Priority measures aimed at preparing for Industry 5.0 implementation in a natural ecosystem, scientific and technological development based on proactive import substitution are proposed.
本文概述了在工业5.0下管理工业发展跨部门潜力的主要规定、拟议工具和实际建议。研究方法包括系统地研究网络-物理-社会系统的形成和管理,强调跨行业性质、基础的跨学科性和工业5.0的跨学科性;价值、网络-社会-技术-认知、以人为中心和以社会为中心;平台的兴趣。工业及其对象的选择演变(工业1.0 - 3.0的物理系统,工业4.0的网络物理系统,工业5.0的网络物理-社会系统)。文章提供了各种因素的描述,进一步的分析使我们能够指出,工业4.0不是实现2030年预期的更高发展目标的基础。比较了工业4.0和工业5.0的主要特征、目标和机会的能力。得出的结论是,工业5.0并不代表下一次工业革命,有多少人加入工业4.0技术,加强人与机器人之间的合作。工业5.0的技术、可能的工具和实际应用是系统化的。提出了在自然生态系统和基于主动进口替代的科技发展基础上为实现工业5.0做准备的优先措施。
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引用次数: 2
The Covid-19 pandemic, consumer market and digitalization 新冠肺炎大流行、消费市场和数字化
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.37930/1990-9780-2021-3-69-92-104
V. Plotnikov
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引用次数: 4
Planning and industrial policy in the age of transition to the new industrial society of the second generation 二代新工业社会转型时代的规划与产业政策
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.37930/1990-9780-2021-3-69-72-81
S. Tolkachev, A. Teplyakov, Y. Normova
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引用次数: 0
Two challenges of coronavirus pandemic: decline in mortality and transitioning to sustainable social and economic growth 冠状病毒大流行的两大挑战:死亡率下降和向可持续的社会和经济增长过渡
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.37930/1990-9780-2022-1-71-14-30
A. Aganbegyan
Under consideration are the two main challenges for the socio-economic development of Russia – the reduction of catastrophically high mortality and the restoration of the safety of the people, on the one hand, and the transition from stagnation and crisis to sustainable socio-economic growth as a means of saving the people and raising their well-being. From this point of view, the 30-year path of development of the economy and social sphere of the new Russia is analyzed, highlighting the last decade of stagnation and crisis. The second part of the article substantiates the need for a transition to a new demographic and socio-economic policy aimed at transforming the economy and the social sphere, which is necessary for accelerated and high-quality economic growth, overcoming the gap between our country and the advanced countries of the world and priority increase in the living standards of the population. This requires a technological reequipment of the country's national economy with an increase in economic efficiency by 2-3 times. This can be achieved through the accelerated growth of investment in fixed and human capital while carrying out the necessary structural reforms to create favorable conditions for sustainable development along an innovative path.
正在审议的是俄罗斯社会经济发展的两个主要挑战- -一方面是减少灾难性的高死亡率和恢复人民的安全,另一方面是从停滞和危机过渡到可持续的社会经济增长,作为拯救人民和提高其福利的手段。从这个角度出发,分析了新俄罗斯经济和社会领域30年的发展道路,突出了过去十年的停滞和危机。这篇文章的第二部分证实了有必要过渡到一种新的人口和社会经济政策,其目的是改变经济和社会领域,这对于加速和高质量的经济增长、克服我国与世界先进国家之间的差距和优先提高人民的生活水平是必要的。这就要求我国国民经济进行技术改造,经济效率提高2-3倍。这可以通过加速增加对固定资本和人力资本的投资来实现,同时进行必要的结构改革,以便沿着创新的道路为可持续发展创造有利条件。
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引用次数: 9
Research of the regional economic and social development convergence in the conditions of digitalization and modernization of the russian economy 俄罗斯经济数字化和现代化条件下区域经济社会发展趋同研究
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.37930/1990-9780-2022-2-72-66-86
Y. Vertakova, V. Zaretskaya
There is a problem of differences in the levels of development of regions in Russia. Differences in economic development and social indicators complicate the problem of manageability across the country, heterogeneity in the social indicators of regions causes different living conditions for the population, violates the principle of equal opportunities for Russian citizens. The subject of the study is the dynamics of economic indicators (GRP per capita, investment indicators, living standards, etc.) in various subjects of the federation in terms of their initial homogeneity and convergence or divergence processes in recent years. The research methods used indicators of σ- and β-convergence, as well as an indicator of the variation of the series. In the course of the study, conclusions were drawn about the existence of active convergent regional processes in 2004-2013 (this was especially true of wage and income indicators, to a somewhat lesser extent – GRP and investment per capita). After 2013, the processes of convergence in economic indicators have mostly stopped, there is some divergence in the indicator of investment per capita. At the same time, there is a significant homogeneity across the regions in terms of indicators characterizing the digitalization of the economy. Due to the fairly uniform process of development in this direction in the regions of Russia, there is a chance of convergence of the economic space in the country, convergence of regions in terms of economic development.
俄罗斯存在着地区发展水平差异的问题。经济发展和社会指标的差异使全国各地的管理问题复杂化,各地区社会指标的异质性导致人口的生活条件不同,违反了俄罗斯公民机会均等的原则。研究的主题是联邦各主体经济指标(人均国内生产总值、投资指标、生活水平等)近年来在初始同质和趋同或分化过程中的动态变化。研究方法采用σ-和β-收敛指标,以及序列变异指标。在研究过程中,得出的结论是,2004-2013年存在积极的趋同区域进程(工资和收入指标尤其如此,在某种程度上,GRP和人均投资程度较低)。2013年以后,经济指标趋同的进程基本停止,人均投资指标出现了一定的分化。与此同时,在表征经济数字化的指标方面,各地区存在显著的同质性。由于俄罗斯各地区在这一方向上的发展过程相当统一,因此该国经济空间有可能趋同,各地区在经济发展方面的趋同。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Economic Revival of Russia
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