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Evolution of the business acceleration system of entrepreneurial structures in Russia 俄罗斯企业结构加速制度的演变
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.37930/1990-9780-2022-2-72-101-109
E. N. Chernavskih, A. Golovina
In conditions of economic instability, the importance of supporting entrepreneurs is increasing. The growth in the number of accelerators arouses interest in their effectiveness. Is the acceleration system capable of adapting to changing conditions? The aim is to generalize approaches to assessing changes in the acceleration system and to develop stages of its evolution in Russia. The author’s analysis of foreign and Russian publications, regulatory documents and accelerator practices was carried out using the methods of content analysis and generalization. A reasonable scientific approach is to consider accelerators as an adaptable kind of incubators. The author’s typology of the stages of acceleration evolution in Russia has been developed: 1) “Preaccelerator period” (1990s - mid-2000s); 2) “The period of primary institutionalization of accelerators” (mid-2000s - 2018); 3) “The period of building the acceleration system” (2018 to the present). It allows you to trace the process of the origin of ideas, the formation and development of the institute of accelerators. Changes in approaches to acceleration and its elements are revealed. The development strategy of the Corporation of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises indicates the emergence of a more comprehensive understanding of the acceleration system in the administrative approach. Accelerators widely represented throughout the country are able to make the greatest contribution to economic development. The transformation of the acceleration system at the municipal level carries the greatest risks of lagging behind the best federal experience. Next, empirical assessments of the contribution of accelerators to the development of the country and municipalities are required.
在经济不稳定的情况下,支持企业家的重要性日益增加。加速器数量的增长引起了人们对其有效性的兴趣。加速系统是否能够适应不断变化的环境?其目的是概括评估加速系统变化的方法,并发展其在俄罗斯的发展阶段。作者采用内容分析和概括的方法对国外和俄罗斯的出版物、规范性文件和加速器实践进行了分析。一个合理的科学方法是把加速器看作一种适应性强的孵化器。作者对俄罗斯加速发展阶段的类型学进行了发展:1)“前加速期”(1990年代至2000年代中期);2)“加速器初步制度化时期”(2000年代中期- 2018年);3)“加速体系建设时期”(2018年至今)。它可以让你追溯思想的起源,加速器研究所的形成和发展的过程。揭示了加速及其要素方法的变化。中小企业公司的发展战略标志着人们对行政管理方式中的加速制度有了更全面的认识。在全国具有广泛代表性的加速器能够对经济发展作出最大的贡献。市政一级加速系统的改革面临的最大风险是落后于最佳的联邦经验。其次,需要经验性地评估加速器对国家和城市发展的贡献。
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引用次数: 0
Production. Science. Education: Future Scenarios (PSE-2021) 生产。科学。教育:未来情景(PSE-2021)
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.37930/1990-9780-2022-1-71-84-92
A. Shafranskaya
The article is devoted to the review of the VIII International congress “Production. Science. Education: Future Scenarios” (PSE-2021), organized by the S.Y. Witte Institute for New Industrial Development (INID). This congress has become a platform for a comprehensive discussion of topical problems of the modern economy, the search for ways to integrate production, science, education and the development of future scenarios. The congress was devoted to the development of technologies and the foundations of socio-economic progress, the human potential of technological and economic development, production, science and education as drivers of socio-economic development, the transformation of public institutions while moving towards a new industrial society of the second generation (NIS.2) and noonomics. The result of the VIII International congress «Production. Science. Education: Future Scenarios» (PSE-2021) became both new theoretical provisions presented in the results of the study of the participants, and practical recommendations for the transition to new social relations.
这篇文章是对第八届“生产”国际大会的综述。科学。“教育:未来情景”(PSE-2021),由S.Y.威特新工业发展研究所(INID)组织。本届大会已成为一个全面讨论现代经济热点问题、探索生产、科学、教育和未来发展一体化途径的平台。大会专门讨论了技术发展和社会经济进步的基础、技术和经济发展的人类潜力、作为社会经济发展驱动力的生产、科学和教育、在向第二代新工业社会迈进的过程中公共机构的转型以及经济学。第八届“生产”国际大会的成果。科学。《教育:未来情景》(PSE-2021)既是参与者研究结果中提出的新的理论规定,也是向新社会关系过渡的实用建议。
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引用次数: 0
The Transformation of State Institutions Based on the Shift in Knowledge in Society 基于社会知识变迁的国家机构转型
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.37930/1990-9780-2021-3-69-154-164
L. V. Dorofeeva, N. Roslyakova
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引用次数: 0
Mechanisms and Tools of State Management of Industrial Development: Analysis of Modern Approaches and Potential Risks 产业发展国家管理的机制与工具:现代方法与风险分析
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.37930/1990-9780-2022-4-74-111-120
S. V. Kozlova
In the context of the problems of public administration of industrial development on a modern technological basis, new mechanisms and tools of public administration are considered. The emphasis is placed on the analysis of the mechanism of industrial mortgage, both risks and possible directions of development are investigated. A comparison is made with similar mechanisms of the 1990s.
在现代技术基础上工业发展的公共行政问题的范围内,审议了公共行政的新机制和工具。重点分析了产业抵押的机制,探讨了产业抵押的风险和可能的发展方向。并与上世纪90年代的类似机制进行了比较。
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引用次数: 0
Addressing the Need for Proactive Structural and Spatial Policies in Asian Russia 解决俄罗斯亚洲地区积极的结构和空间政策的需求
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.37930/1990-9780-2022-3-73-5-17
V. Kryukov
The paper reviews the distinctive features of the economy of Asian Russia. They show the increasing role in the economy of the East of the country of the first stages of extraction and primary processing of natural resources. At the same time there is a significant decrease in the degree of territorial participation not only in the processing of extracted raw materials, but also in the supply of equipment and the provision of industrial and technological support services. The author argues that these disproportions can be overcome only through the implementation of an active spatial and structural policy. An important feature of this policy is the interrelation and interdependence of steps and measures of tax, tariff, scientific and technological regulation of specific projects.
文章回顾了亚洲俄罗斯经济的鲜明特征。它们显示了自然资源的第一阶段开采和初级加工在该国东部经济中日益重要的作用。与此同时,领土不仅参与开采原材料的加工,而且参与设备的供应和提供工业和技术支助服务的程度也大大减少。作者认为,只有通过实施积极的空间和结构政策,才能克服这些不平衡。这一政策的一个重要特点是具体项目的税收、关税、科技监管等步骤和措施的相互联系和相互依存。
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引用次数: 0
Soviet mobilisation and evacuation planning during the war years and conclusions for today’s world 苏联在战争年代的动员和疏散计划以及对当今世界的结论
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.37930/1990-9780-2021-3-69-53-66
A. Gorodetskiy
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引用次数: 1
Management of innovative processes in the new technological and world economic structures 管理新技术和世界经济结构中的创新过程
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.37930/1990-9780-2022-2-72-24-27
S. Glaziev
It is noted that during the pandemic there was a strong kick for bioengineering, as well as information and communication technologies, the transition to a new technological world is completed. At the same time, the shift to a new integrated global economic order has accelerated. Three options for its formation are presented: 1 ‒ the Chinese communist model; 2 ‒ the democratic system (demonstrated by India); 3 ‒ the system represented by the West. The first two options share the focus on the growth of public welfare. The third system (mainly in the United States and Great Britain) solves economic and political issues with the help of technologies for manipulating public consciousness. The opportunities for the EAEU countries (including Russia) are being considered, primarily the unused scientific and production potential due to inaccessible loans to finance working capital. It is shown that industrial production growth is possible in Russia due to import substitution, but to achieve this it is necessary to change the monetary policy. Export for rubles and not only to Europe is considered to be a positive factor. Thus, it is important that the proceeds are directed to lending to the manufacturing sector.
值得注意的是,在大流行期间,生物工程以及信息和通信技术得到了大力发展,向新的技术世界的过渡已经完成。与此同时,向新的一体化全球经济秩序的转变也在加速。它的形成有三种选择:1 -中国共产主义模式;2 -民主制度(以印度为例);3 -以西方为代表的体制。前两种选择都关注公益事业的发展。第三种制度(主要在美国和英国)借助操纵公众意识的技术来解决经济和政治问题。正在考虑欧亚经济联盟国家(包括俄罗斯)的机会,主要是由于无法获得贷款以筹措营运资金而未利用的科学和生产潜力。这表明,由于进口替代,俄罗斯的工业生产增长是可能的,但要实现这一目标,有必要改变货币政策。出口卢布,而不仅仅是对欧洲,被认为是一个积极的因素。因此,重要的是将所得款项用于向制造业部门提供贷款。
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引用次数: 5
Prospects for the development of Russia on a long wave of growth of a new technological order 俄罗斯的发展前景就在长波增长的新技术秩序上
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.37930/1990-9780-2023-2-76-27-32
S. Glaziev
Nanotechnologies are the key factor in the formation of a new technological order that has entered the growth phase. China and India form the core of a new (integral) world economic order, the main goal is to increase social welfare. Russia does not develop scientific and technical potential, does not master the institutions of the new order. The main reason is the significant underfunding of R&D. At the same time, the export of capital reached a critical value (240 billion dollars), part of the capital (foreign exchange reserves) was arrested. The positive trend of a decrease in the share of the EU and North America in Russian foreign economic activity is emphasized, with a sharp increase in the share of partners from Southeast Asia (India and China).
纳米技术是新技术秩序形成的关键因素,已进入生长阶段。中国和印度形成了一个新的(完整的)世界经济秩序的核心,主要目标是增加社会福利。俄罗斯没有发展科技潜力,没有掌握新秩序的制度。主要原因是研发资金严重不足。与此同时,资本输出达到了临界值(2400亿美元),部分资本(外汇储备)被扣押。强调了欧盟和北美在俄罗斯对外经济活动中所占份额下降的积极趋势,东南亚伙伴(印度和中国)所占份额急剧增加。
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引用次数: 0
The Covid-19 pandemic, consumer market and digitalization 新冠肺炎大流行、消费市场和数字化
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.37930/1990-9780-2021-3-69-92-104
V. Plotnikov
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引用次数: 4
Strategic priorities for the ski tourism development worldwide and in Russia 全球和俄罗斯滑雪旅游发展的战略重点
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.37930/1990-9780-2022-2-72-123-136
I. Chkhotua
The article provides a strategic analysis of ski tourism development at the national and global level. The identified global, national and regional trends form new opportunities for the tourism industry, significantly changing its functioning model, strategic priorities, goals and objectives. Tourism industry enterprises should realize the planned shifts and build a new or adjust existing development strategies to ensure long-term functioning in the market. The strategic initiatives proposed in the article are based on the theoretical foundations of the Russian school of strategizing developed by V.L. Kvint, an academician of the Russian Academy of Science, a practical scientist with extensive experience in the field of strategizing big domestic and international companies. The purpose of study ‒ to determine the strategic priorities for ski tourism development in the world and in Russia based on the theory of strategy and methodology of strategizing academician V.L. Kvint. The definition of strategic priorities for the national sky industry should also be based on the resource potential of the industry (natural, recreational, infrastructural, financial, personnel and etc.) and take into account the historical features of the national tourism industry development. For today the consumption model in ski tourism is undergoing essential changes from the primacy of the sports component in it, to an increase in attention to entertainment and après-ski, when skiing is not the main motive for traveling to the mountains, but one of the great variety of attractions on the mountain. In the conditions of excess demand over supply of services, the strategic task is to retain the existing client base and attract the younger generation to the ski culture, as well as the collaboration of ski leisure with other types of pastime within the city (construction of indoor ski centers within the city). Digitalization of all aspects of society’s life has formed a new standard for providing of travel services - a comprehensive customized service of high quality and the seamlessness of its provision to the consumer, which modern ski complexes should also meet.
本文从国家和全球层面对滑雪旅游发展进行了战略分析。已确定的全球、国家和区域趋势为旅游业带来了新的机遇,大大改变了其运作模式、战略重点、目标和目的。旅游业企业应实现有计划的转变,建立新的或调整现有的发展战略,以确保在市场上的长期运作。本文提出的战略举措是基于俄罗斯科学院院士V.L. Kvint的俄罗斯战略学派的理论基础,他是一位在国内外大公司战略领域拥有丰富经验的实践科学家。本研究的目的是根据V.L. Kvint院士的战略理论和战略制定方法,确定世界和俄罗斯滑雪旅游发展的战略重点。国家天空产业战略重点的确定还应基于产业的资源潜力(自然、休闲、基础设施、资金、人才等),并考虑到国家旅游产业发展的历史特点。如今,滑雪旅游的消费模式正经历着根本性的变化,从以运动为主转变为越来越重视娱乐和滑雪,因为滑雪并不是到山上旅游的主要动机,而是山上众多吸引人的地方之一。在服务供过于求的情况下,战略任务是保留现有的客户群,吸引年轻一代参与滑雪文化,以及滑雪休闲与城市内其他类型消遣的合作(在城市内建设室内滑雪中心)。社会生活各个方面的数字化已经形成了提供旅游服务的新标准——高质量的全面定制服务和向消费者提供的无缝性,现代滑雪场也应该满足这些标准。
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引用次数: 2
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Economic Revival of Russia
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