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Management transformation Innovative activity based on the formation of local innovation systems 管理转型创新活动基于地方创新体系的形成
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.37930/1990-9780-2022-3-73-128-139
M. Asaul, N. Zaitsev
Based on the results of the analysis of the national and regional innovation systems of the Russian Federation, key directions for the transformation of the innovation management system are proposed. The concept of updating integration processes in the innovation environment and the form of its practical implementation – the local innovation system is proposed, and a graphical model of interaction of subjects of innovation activity in the local innovation system is presented. The main stages of the methodology of comparative express analysis of the effectiveness of the functioning of innovative systems are described.
根据对俄罗斯联邦国家和区域创新体系的分析结果,提出了创新管理体制转型的重点方向。提出了创新环境中整合过程更新的概念及其具体实施形式——地方创新系统,并建立了地方创新系统中创新活动主体互动的图形化模型。本文描述了创新系统功能有效性比较表达分析方法的主要阶段。
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引用次数: 0
Methodology of expert assessment of the corruption control effectiveness revisited 重新探讨专家评估防贪效能的方法
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.37930/1990-9780-2021-4-70-88-98
I. Blagikh
Corruption is an extensive phenomenon that is difficult to formalize. Application of the expert assessment method to analyze the effectiveness of the fight against corruption can contribute substantially to the assessment of the anti-corruption movement and the development of the national anti-corruption policy. The purpose of this article is to analyze the gaps in the existing expert assessments and validate an advanced formalized model of corruption assessment with respect to conditions in Russia. Its novelty lies in the methodology of analyzing preferred means of corruption control, proposed by the author, and the formalization of experts’ assessments regarding the subject. The obtained results can be used in the development of systemic anti-corruption policies, given that those anti-corruption tools that receive the highest marks, are of top priority to be implemented first.
腐败是一种难以形式化的广泛现象。运用专家评估方法来分析反腐败斗争的有效性,可以为评估反腐败运动和制定国家反腐败政策做出实质性贡献。本文的目的是分析现有专家评估中的差距,并根据俄罗斯的情况验证一种先进的形式化腐败评估模型。它的新颖之处在于作者提出的分析腐败控制首选手段的方法,以及专家对该主题的评估的形式化。获得的结果可用于制定系统性反腐败政策,因为那些得分最高的反腐败工具是首先实施的重中之重。
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引用次数: 0
Planning in a new age: objectives, opportunities, systemic limitations 新时代的规划:目标、机会、系统限制
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.37930/1990-9780-2021-3-69-20-24
D. Belousov
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引用次数: 0
Towards planning on a new basis: from quantity of production to population’s quality of life 走向新的规划:从生产数量到人口生活质量
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.37930/1990-9780-2021-4-70-22-27
V. Okrepilov
The article analyzes the evolution of approaches to the planning system in our country from the moment the USSR State Planning Committee was created in 1921 to modern methods of strategic planning. A brief analysis of the views of leading economists who have formed the scientific basis for the transition in planning from quantitative to qualitative indicators is presented. The content of the author’s methodology of approaches to strategic planning, based on the use of quality economics methods, ensuring the modernization of planning in the context of innovative development and digitalization, is disclosed.
本文分析了从1921年苏联国家计划委员会成立到现代战略规划方法的演变过程。简要分析了为规划从定量指标向定性指标转变奠定科学基础的主要经济学家的观点。本文揭示了作者基于使用优质经济学方法,在创新发展和数字化背景下确保规划现代化的战略规划方法方法论的内容。
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引用次数: 0
Strategic opportunities of LNG production development in the Far East 远东LNG生产发展的战略机遇
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.37930/1990-9780-2022-2-72-161-178
N.J. Sasaev
The search and justification of new long-term impulses for the socio-economic development of the Far East is complex nature. The author assumes that the implementation of a breakthrough in the socioeconomic development of the Far East is possible through the implementation of large-scale strategic opportunities of the Far Eastern gas industry. Liquefied natural gas is one of the promising areas of the gas industry in the world, in this regard, the purpose of this study is to justify the strategic directions for the development of liquefied natural gas production in the Far East through the search and analysis of relevant strategic opportunities. To detect and further analyze strategic opportunities in the context of the justification of directions, the author uses the methodology of industrial strategizing, which is based on the general theory of strategy. The monitoring revealed a number of strategic opportunities that made it possible to justify the prospects of two directions for the development of LNG production in the Far East: large-scale and low-scale production of liquefied natural gas. The assessment of strategic threats potentially obstructing the development of these areas has shown that both areas are sustainable in the long term. The implementation of these large strategic opportunities in two well-founded areas of LNG production development will allow for a breakthrough in the socio-economic development of the Far East, which is due to the high concentration of various interest groups associated with the implementation of large-scale projects of the gas industry in the region.
寻找和证明远东社会经济发展的新的长期动力是复杂的。笔者认为,通过实施远东天然气工业的大规模战略机遇,实现远东社会经济发展的突破是可能的。液化天然气是世界天然气工业的一个有前途的领域,在这方面,本研究的目的是通过寻找和分析相关的战略机会来证明远东液化天然气生产发展的战略方向。为了在方向证明的背景下发现并进一步分析战略机会,作者使用了基于一般战略理论的产业战略方法论。监测发现了一些战略机会,使人们能够证明远东发展液化天然气生产的两个方向的前景是合理的:大规模和小规模的液化天然气生产。对可能阻碍这些地区发展的战略威胁的评估表明,这两个地区从长远来看是可持续的。在两个基础良好的液化天然气生产发展领域实施这些重大战略机会,将使远东的社会经济发展取得突破,这是由于与该地区实施大型天然气工业项目有关的各种利益集团高度集中。
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引用次数: 1
On the issue of noonomy 在经济问题上
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.37930/1990-9780-2019-1-59-4-8
S. Bodrunov
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引用次数: 1
The impact of problematic factors on Saint-Petersburg’s industrial sector: 2020 year in review 问题因素对圣彼得堡工业部门的影响:2020年回顾
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.37930/1990-9780-2021-3-69-82-91
E. A. Gorin, A. A. Zolotarev, S. Kuznetsov
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引用次数: 0
The role of the dollar and the trend of de-dollarization of the world economy in the new conditions 新形势下美元的作用和世界经济去美元化的趋势
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.37930/1990-9780-2023-2-76-93-109
O. Komolov
The paper is devoted to the analysis of the role of the dollar in the world economy and its formation as a world reserve currency. Based on the methodology of the school of world-system analysis (J. Arrighi, S. Amin, I. Wallerstein, R.S. Dzarazov), the author reveals the mechanism for using the dollar as one of the instruments of unequal exchange between the center and the periphery of the economy within the American systemic capital accumulation cycle. Based on a comprehensive empirical analysis, an assessment is made of the trends in the de-dollarization of the world economy in the 21st century. It was found that despite the devastating consequences of the global crisis of 2007–2009. caused by the hypertrophied development of the financial sector of the US economy during the global crisis, the dollar retained a key role in the international reserves of states, in trade and exchange operations in the world economy. In particular, the Russian economy, despite the statements of the authorities about moving towards abandoning the dollar, nevertheless remained highly dependent on it, only partially replacing US dollars with the euro. Real de-dollarization 2022-2023 in Russia became a necessary measure for business, and was associated with the partial blocking of Russian correspondent accounts in Western banks.
本文致力于分析美元在世界经济中的作用及其作为世界储备货币的形成。基于世界体系分析学派(J. Arrighi, S. Amin, I. Wallerstein, R.S. Dzarazov)的方法论,作者揭示了在美国系统性资本积累周期内,美元作为经济中心和边缘之间不平等交换的工具之一的机制。在综合实证分析的基础上,对21世纪世界经济的去美元化趋势进行了评价。人们发现,尽管2007-2009年的全球危机造成了毁灭性的后果。由于全球金融危机期间美国经济金融部门的过度发展,美元在各国的国际储备中、在世界经济的贸易和外汇操作中保持了关键作用。特别是,俄罗斯经济,尽管当局声明要放弃美元,但仍然高度依赖美元,只是部分地用欧元取代美元。2022-2023年俄罗斯的真正去美元化成为商业的必要措施,并与俄罗斯在西方银行的代理账户部分被封锁有关。
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引用次数: 0
New industrial future for the global world 全球工业的新未来
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.37930/1990-9780-2022-2-72-5-23
S. Bodrunov
The ideas of a famous American economist John Kenneth Galbraith, which he was developing during the second half of the 20th century, have always attracted the deserved attention. However, even today, in the 21st century, and moreover, in a present-day period of serious turbulence in the world economy and geopolitics, much of his scientific heritage is in demand as a starting point for a deep understanding of modern socioeconomic issues. Firstly, the attention he paid to the impact of technological developments on changes in the socio-economic system of society prompts us now to pay close attention to the fundamental consequences of current technological shifts. Secondly, the views of J.K. Galbraith on the key role of the industrial system in the economy are still up-to-date. It is precisely the shifts that are taking place today in the industrial core of the economy that allow us to talk about the upcoming transition to a second generation New Industrial Society (NIS.2). The opportunities that NIS.2 brings with it, and the technological, global economic, environmental-climatic, biological and geopolitical risks observed today, including those fraught with catastrophic consequences, which in their material form are causedby new technological achievements, realities and possibilities of the modern technological revolution, make it increasingly acute to raise the question of the prospect of moving away from the dominance of rational economic calculation and the prevalence of the interests of global financial capital. There is a need to shift to such a way of satisfying human wants, which would be rational from the point of view of the criteria of reason and culture - to noonomy. The path to noonomy is long and difficult, but the crisis in the global economy, politics and culture strongly dictates the need to take the first concrete steps along this path, including through the establishment of equal economic cooperation between countries and peoples.
美国著名经济学家加尔布雷斯在20世纪下半叶发展起来的经济学思想一直受到人们的关注。然而,即使在今天,在21世纪,而且,在当今世界经济和地缘政治严重动荡的时期,他的许多科学遗产仍然需要作为深刻理解现代社会经济问题的起点。首先,他对技术发展对社会经济制度变化的影响的关注,促使我们现在密切关注当前技术转变的根本后果。其次,J.K.加尔布雷斯关于工业体系在经济中的关键作用的观点仍然是最新的。正是今天在经济的工业核心发生的转变,使我们能够谈论即将到来的第二代新工业社会(NIS.2)的过渡。新信息系统2带来的机会,以及今天所观察到的技术、全球经济、环境-气候、生物和地缘政治风险,包括那些具有灾难性后果的风险,这些风险的物质形式是由新的技术成就、现代技术革命的现实和可能性造成的,理性经济计算的主导地位和全球金融资本利益的盛行,有可能逐渐消失。有必要转向这样一种满足人类需求的方式,从理性和文化标准的角度来看,这种方式是合理的——转向经济。通往经济的道路是漫长而艰难的,但全球经济、政治和文化的危机强烈要求我们必须沿着这条道路迈出具体的第一步,包括在各国和各国人民之间建立平等的经济合作。
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引用次数: 3
Inclusive Growth in a Circular Economy 循环经济中的包容性增长
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.37930/1990-9780-2022-3-73-37-44
G. Kleiner
Russia’s economic relations with the outside world have undergone significant changes in recent years. The expansion of the scope of sanctions against Russia by many countries - traditional economic partners leads to the need to organize the functioning of the domestic economy in the “circular economy” mode. In this regard, the task of adapting economic theory, socio-economic policy, and economic practice to the new conditions of development arises. This article analyzes the possibilities and prerequisites for maintaining positive economic growth rates and improving its quality due to the inclusive nature of growth. Such development, to one degree or another, should cover all regions, industries, and national economic complexes. The problems of import substitution are considered in the article as part of the general problem of resource substitution and resource replenishment. The need to develop a resource balance at all economic levels is emphasized in connection with these problems. In the conditions of a closed cycle, special attention should be paid to the potential for replacing physical capital with human capital, which requires a significant revision of the subject and goals of social policy, including the goals and tools of personnel management at enterprises. The role of top-level specialists (“craftsmen”), who can solve production problems in a sharp reduction in the import of facilities, supplies, and critical technologies, is noted. The transition to a circular economy as one of the short-term phases of economic functioning carried out in compliance with the developed in the article recommendations can weaken the negative impact of the socio-economic disparities and contribute to inclusive (nonfocal) economic growth. This phase can, under certain conditions, become a period of consolidation of the domestic economy and society.
近年来,俄罗斯与外界的经济关系发生了重大变化。许多传统经济伙伴国家对俄罗斯的制裁范围扩大,导致需要以“循环经济”模式组织国内经济的运作。在这方面,使经济理论、社会经济政策和经济实践适应新的发展条件的任务就出现了。本文分析了由于经济增长的包容性,保持经济正增长率和提高经济增长质量的可能性和前提条件。这种发展应在某种程度上覆盖所有地区、所有产业和国民经济综合体。本文将进口替代问题作为资源替代和资源补充的一般问题的一部分加以考虑。针对这些问题,强调有必要在所有经济级别发展资源平衡。在封闭循环的条件下,应特别注意以人力资本取代物质资本的可能性,这需要对社会政策的主题和目标,包括企业人事管理的目标和工具进行重大修订。注意到高级专家(“工匠”)的作用,他们可以在大幅度减少设备、用品和关键技术进口的情况下解决生产问题。按照文章中提出的建议,将向循环经济过渡作为经济运行的短期阶段之一,可以削弱社会经济差异的负面影响,促进包容性(非焦点)经济增长。在一定条件下,这一阶段可以成为国内经济和社会的巩固时期。
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引用次数: 1
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Economic Revival of Russia
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