Pub Date : 2023-11-25DOI: 10.51983/arme-2023.12.2.3849
Z. Zaludin
The ability of a quadcopter drone to maintain its attitude relies solely on its four rotors. If even one motor fails, the drone loses its ability to hold attitude and altitude. This paper explores a new fault tolerance solution to enhance attitude control for quadcopter drones following the complete loss of a single rotor. By following the fundamental principle of balancing forces and moments on a quadrotor drone, the paper demonstrates that it is feasible to land the drone safely by minimizing roll, pitch, and yaw when a rotor fails. The concept centers around thrust vectoring, which allows an opposite motor to tilt independently. The results indicate that tilting the opposite rotor by 45o provides better management of the drone’s roll, pitch, and yaw, enabling the incapacitated drone to land in a more controlled and manageable manner. The paper includes simulation results and a summary table of the novel idea’s performance enhancements.
{"title":"Fault Tolerance Conceptual Strategy for a Quadcopter Drone with Rotor Failure","authors":"Z. Zaludin","doi":"10.51983/arme-2023.12.2.3849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51983/arme-2023.12.2.3849","url":null,"abstract":"The ability of a quadcopter drone to maintain its attitude relies solely on its four rotors. If even one motor fails, the drone loses its ability to hold attitude and altitude. This paper explores a new fault tolerance solution to enhance attitude control for quadcopter drones following the complete loss of a single rotor. By following the fundamental principle of balancing forces and moments on a quadrotor drone, the paper demonstrates that it is feasible to land the drone safely by minimizing roll, pitch, and yaw when a rotor fails. The concept centers around thrust vectoring, which allows an opposite motor to tilt independently. The results indicate that tilting the opposite rotor by 45o provides better management of the drone’s roll, pitch, and yaw, enabling the incapacitated drone to land in a more controlled and manageable manner. The paper includes simulation results and a summary table of the novel idea’s performance enhancements.","PeriodicalId":340179,"journal":{"name":"Asian Review of Mechanical Engineering","volume":"36 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139238312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-23DOI: 10.51983/arme-2023.12.1.3669
S. Ramesh Krishnan
Nanoparticle volume fraction, temperature and molecular mass of nanoparticle impact viscosity of nanofluids. Among them, temperature has an intrinsic influence on viscosity and is recommended to be the most crucial and dominant parameter. There are several theory based models for finding viscosity of nanofluids. Even a small addition of nanoparticles to the base liquid greatly increases the viscosity of nanofluid. The viscosity of the nanofluid varies with the particle size even if the nanoparticle does not change. In this work, theoretical viscosity of nanofluid is compared with experimental viscosity at different temperatures and volume fraction. The analysis is done for nanofluids having nanoparticles of different molecular masses.
{"title":"Rheometric Analysis of Impact of Temperature, Volume Fraction and Mass of Nanoparticle on the Viscosity of Water Based Nanofluids","authors":"S. Ramesh Krishnan","doi":"10.51983/arme-2023.12.1.3669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51983/arme-2023.12.1.3669","url":null,"abstract":"Nanoparticle volume fraction, temperature and molecular mass of nanoparticle impact viscosity of nanofluids. Among them, temperature has an intrinsic influence on viscosity and is recommended to be the most crucial and dominant parameter. There are several theory based models for finding viscosity of nanofluids. Even a small addition of nanoparticles to the base liquid greatly increases the viscosity of nanofluid. The viscosity of the nanofluid varies with the particle size even if the nanoparticle does not change. In this work, theoretical viscosity of nanofluid is compared with experimental viscosity at different temperatures and volume fraction. The analysis is done for nanofluids having nanoparticles of different molecular masses.","PeriodicalId":340179,"journal":{"name":"Asian Review of Mechanical Engineering","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124110813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-21DOI: 10.51983/arme-2023.12.1.3674
Y. Rameswara Reddy
Composite materials have become increasingly popular and widely used in the present world due to their unique combination of properties that cannot be achieved by any single material. In the current study the mechanical properties of composite laminates (Jute, palm and banana fibers) were fabricated by varying groundnut husk and seashell powders quantities (5, 10, 15 and 20gms) in epoxy resin using hand layup technique. In according to the ASTM standards, a mixture of Epoxy (LY556) and Hardener (araldite) HY951 is used. The ratio of epoxy to hardener is 10:1. The material will be properly mixed for some time before being used to create laminates. Samples were fabricated with different compositions of jute, palm and banana fibers. Tensile, Compression properties of laminates were analyzed by testing composite laminates on universal testing machine. In this context the weight ratio of groundnut husk to seashell powder is 2:1. Analysis states that both the powders have impact on the mechanical properties of laminates. The impact of groundnut husk powder is slightly more on the laminates mechanical properties (tensile, compression) when related to seashell powder.
{"title":"Composite Laminates for Aerospace and Packaging Fields","authors":"Y. Rameswara Reddy","doi":"10.51983/arme-2023.12.1.3674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51983/arme-2023.12.1.3674","url":null,"abstract":"Composite materials have become increasingly popular and widely used in the present world due to their unique combination of properties that cannot be achieved by any single material. In the current study the mechanical properties of composite laminates (Jute, palm and banana fibers) were fabricated by varying groundnut husk and seashell powders quantities (5, 10, 15 and 20gms) in epoxy resin using hand layup technique. In according to the ASTM standards, a mixture of Epoxy (LY556) and Hardener (araldite) HY951 is used. The ratio of epoxy to hardener is 10:1. The material will be properly mixed for some time before being used to create laminates. Samples were fabricated with different compositions of jute, palm and banana fibers. Tensile, Compression properties of laminates were analyzed by testing composite laminates on universal testing machine. In this context the weight ratio of groundnut husk to seashell powder is 2:1. Analysis states that both the powders have impact on the mechanical properties of laminates. The impact of groundnut husk powder is slightly more on the laminates mechanical properties (tensile, compression) when related to seashell powder.","PeriodicalId":340179,"journal":{"name":"Asian Review of Mechanical Engineering","volume":"65 14","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132915618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-16DOI: 10.51983/arme-2023.12.1.3670
Sushil Nepal, Zhao Qijun, Wang Bo, M. Kamruzzaman, S. Adhikari
This paper describes the aerodynamic simulation and optimization of NACA 0012 airfoil at a low Reynolds number using unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) and Spalart–Allmaras turbulence model in Ansys Fluent. The purpose of this paper is to simulate and optimize the airfoil to get better aerodynamic performances at low Reynolds numbers. The Parsec method was selected for the optimization of the NACA 0012 airfoil. Both of these airfoils are simulated using CFD Fluent between 0 to 13-degree angle of attack at a low Reynolds number of 200000. To simulate the airfoil, mesh generation is crucial so an O-grid structured mesh is created. After the simulation, several aerodynamic performances are compared between the airfoils, such as lift coefficient, drag coefficient, pressure coefficient, and lift-to-drag ratio. And the calculated results from Xfoil are taken as references. Between NACA 0012 and optimized NACA 0012, the optimized airfoil showed better aerodynamic performances than the normal one, which was the goal of this paper. Later on, the different flow field variables, such as density, temperature, pressure, and vorticity magnitude were analyzed and compared. Both the airfoils at a different angle of attack were analyzed for these functions, like 7°, 11°, and 20° AOA. During the analytical process, Q-criterion appears to be a very important method of vortex identification in the flow field. With this analysis, we came to know, that as the angle of attack increases the adverse pressure gradient also increases, which creates a big reverse flow.
{"title":"Aerodynamic Simulation and Optimization of Micro Aerial Vehicle Rotor Airfoil at Low Reynolds Number","authors":"Sushil Nepal, Zhao Qijun, Wang Bo, M. Kamruzzaman, S. Adhikari","doi":"10.51983/arme-2023.12.1.3670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51983/arme-2023.12.1.3670","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the aerodynamic simulation and optimization of NACA 0012 airfoil at a low Reynolds number using unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) and Spalart–Allmaras turbulence model in Ansys Fluent. The purpose of this paper is to simulate and optimize the airfoil to get better aerodynamic performances at low Reynolds numbers. The Parsec method was selected for the optimization of the NACA 0012 airfoil. Both of these airfoils are simulated using CFD Fluent between 0 to 13-degree angle of attack at a low Reynolds number of 200000. To simulate the airfoil, mesh generation is crucial so an O-grid structured mesh is created. After the simulation, several aerodynamic performances are compared between the airfoils, such as lift coefficient, drag coefficient, pressure coefficient, and lift-to-drag ratio. And the calculated results from Xfoil are taken as references. Between NACA 0012 and optimized NACA 0012, the optimized airfoil showed better aerodynamic performances than the normal one, which was the goal of this paper. Later on, the different flow field variables, such as density, temperature, pressure, and vorticity magnitude were analyzed and compared. Both the airfoils at a different angle of attack were analyzed for these functions, like 7°, 11°, and 20° AOA. During the analytical process, Q-criterion appears to be a very important method of vortex identification in the flow field. With this analysis, we came to know, that as the angle of attack increases the adverse pressure gradient also increases, which creates a big reverse flow.","PeriodicalId":340179,"journal":{"name":"Asian Review of Mechanical Engineering","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126719778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-10DOI: 10.51983/arme-2023.12.1.3658
A. Husainy, S. Patil, Rushikesh S Kokane, Chintamani R. Upadhye, A. V. Chougule
Over the past 20 years, Medical Additive Manufacturing has been immensely developed and become an essential part of Contemporary healthcare. In the past, additive manufacturing was only utilized to develop basic anatomical models, but as technology evolved, it became more straightforward for researchers to produce complex medical devices. Medical additive manufacturing is a promptly emerging field with the competence to print living tissues and organs for transplantation and produce personalized implants and prostheses with astounding precision and accuracy. The ability of 3D printing to produce products that precisely match a patient’s unique anatomy has significant benefits for medicine, including better patient outcomes. Additive manufacturing is often employed in the orthopedic and dentistry fields to design, build, or produce parts specifically for the patient’s exact and ideal fit. Additionally, it is extensively being utilized to produce surgical equipment and customized anatomical models for pre-surgical planning. This allows surgeons to practice complex procedures on a replica of the patient’s anatomy, improving surgical outcomes and reducing the risk of complications. Experts are exploring the possibility of utilizing 3D printing techniques for developing innovative methods to administer medication, which could improve treatment effectiveness and patient well-being. Additionally, these advancements have contributed immensely to creating human organs through bio-printing technology; a progress that has the potential to revolutionize organ transplants as they exist today by reducing dependence on donors. Another imminent advancement is surgical robotics using robots created through 3D printing procedures working side by side with medical experts thus improving patient outcomes and decreasing risks associated with traditional surgery techniques. Ongoing research and development promise even more groundbreaking applications in the future. This research article gives an attempt at medical additive manufacturing research now, then, and in the future.
{"title":"Medical Additive Manufacturing: Challenges and Features","authors":"A. Husainy, S. Patil, Rushikesh S Kokane, Chintamani R. Upadhye, A. V. Chougule","doi":"10.51983/arme-2023.12.1.3658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51983/arme-2023.12.1.3658","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past 20 years, Medical Additive Manufacturing has been immensely developed and become an essential part of Contemporary healthcare. In the past, additive manufacturing was only utilized to develop basic anatomical models, but as technology evolved, it became more straightforward for researchers to produce complex medical devices. Medical additive manufacturing is a promptly emerging field with the competence to print living tissues and organs for transplantation and produce personalized implants and prostheses with astounding precision and accuracy. The ability of 3D printing to produce products that precisely match a patient’s unique anatomy has significant benefits for medicine, including better patient outcomes. Additive manufacturing is often employed in the orthopedic and dentistry fields to design, build, or produce parts specifically for the patient’s exact and ideal fit. Additionally, it is extensively being utilized to produce surgical equipment and customized anatomical models for pre-surgical planning. This allows surgeons to practice complex procedures on a replica of the patient’s anatomy, improving surgical outcomes and reducing the risk of complications. Experts are exploring the possibility of utilizing 3D printing techniques for developing innovative methods to administer medication, which could improve treatment effectiveness and patient well-being. Additionally, these advancements have contributed immensely to creating human organs through bio-printing technology; a progress that has the potential to revolutionize organ transplants as they exist today by reducing dependence on donors. Another imminent advancement is surgical robotics using robots created through 3D printing procedures working side by side with medical experts thus improving patient outcomes and decreasing risks associated with traditional surgery techniques. Ongoing research and development promise even more groundbreaking applications in the future. This research article gives an attempt at medical additive manufacturing research now, then, and in the future.","PeriodicalId":340179,"journal":{"name":"Asian Review of Mechanical Engineering","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117255288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-31DOI: 10.51983/arme-2023.12.1.3640
A. Husainy, Abhishek M. Funde, A. Sonalkar, Shoaib I. Mulla, Rushikesh S. Gote
A significant challenge in thermal management has arisen as a result of the rising demand for high-performance electronic devices. The efficiency, size, and weight of conventional cooling methods like liquid and air cooling are constrained. Due to their high storage of latent heat capacity and isothermal phase transition behavior, phase change materials (PCMs) have become a promising thermal management solution. The purpose of this experimental study is to evaluate the performance of a PCM heat sink for electronic thermal regulation. The PCM heat sink is made up of a PCM module attached to a typical heat sink. To improve heat dissipation capabilities, the PCM module uses a PCM material with a suitable phase change temperature and encapsulation. The experimental setup involves simulating real-world operating conditions by applying controlled heat loads to electronic components. By observing temperature changes, thermal resistance, and transient response, the PCM heat sink’s thermal performance is assessed. To evaluate the superiority of the PCM heat sink, a comparison is made with traditional air-cooled and liquid-cooled heat sink configurations. The experimental investigation’s findings show that the PCM heat sink performs better in terms of thermal management than traditional cooling techniques. The phase change process used by the PCM efficiently absorbs and stores extra heat produced by electronic parts, improving temperature regulation and lowering temperature gradients. Lower component temperatures and higher operational reliability are the results of the PCM heat sink’s improved thermal resistance and heat dissipation efficiency. A further benefit of the PCM heat sink’s isothermal behavior during the phase transition is that it prevents temperature spikes and lessens the effects of heat stress on the electronic devices. The long cooling times provided by the PCM material’s high latent heat storage capacity allow for prolonged operation without affecting device performance. This experimental study concludes by demonstrating the efficiency of a PCM heat sink for electronic thermal management. The design of heat sinks with PCM integration offers notable enhancements in temperature control, thermal resistance, and system overall reliability. The results of this research help to advance thermal management strategies, which makes it easier to create efficient electronic devices with better cooling capacities.
{"title":"Review on PCM Heat Sink for Electronic Thermal Management Application","authors":"A. Husainy, Abhishek M. Funde, A. Sonalkar, Shoaib I. Mulla, Rushikesh S. Gote","doi":"10.51983/arme-2023.12.1.3640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51983/arme-2023.12.1.3640","url":null,"abstract":"A significant challenge in thermal management has arisen as a result of the rising demand for high-performance electronic devices. The efficiency, size, and weight of conventional cooling methods like liquid and air cooling are constrained. Due to their high storage of latent heat capacity and isothermal phase transition behavior, phase change materials (PCMs) have become a promising thermal management solution. The purpose of this experimental study is to evaluate the performance of a PCM heat sink for electronic thermal regulation. The PCM heat sink is made up of a PCM module attached to a typical heat sink. To improve heat dissipation capabilities, the PCM module uses a PCM material with a suitable phase change temperature and encapsulation. The experimental setup involves simulating real-world operating conditions by applying controlled heat loads to electronic components. By observing temperature changes, thermal resistance, and transient response, the PCM heat sink’s thermal performance is assessed. To evaluate the superiority of the PCM heat sink, a comparison is made with traditional air-cooled and liquid-cooled heat sink configurations. The experimental investigation’s findings show that the PCM heat sink performs better in terms of thermal management than traditional cooling techniques. The phase change process used by the PCM efficiently absorbs and stores extra heat produced by electronic parts, improving temperature regulation and lowering temperature gradients. Lower component temperatures and higher operational reliability are the results of the PCM heat sink’s improved thermal resistance and heat dissipation efficiency. A further benefit of the PCM heat sink’s isothermal behavior during the phase transition is that it prevents temperature spikes and lessens the effects of heat stress on the electronic devices. The long cooling times provided by the PCM material’s high latent heat storage capacity allow for prolonged operation without affecting device performance. This experimental study concludes by demonstrating the efficiency of a PCM heat sink for electronic thermal management. The design of heat sinks with PCM integration offers notable enhancements in temperature control, thermal resistance, and system overall reliability. The results of this research help to advance thermal management strategies, which makes it easier to create efficient electronic devices with better cooling capacities.","PeriodicalId":340179,"journal":{"name":"Asian Review of Mechanical Engineering","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115992520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-30DOI: 10.51983/arme-2023.12.1.3607
Michael Manilhig, Lowell M. Manliguez, Miren Eukene S. Tarongoy, Giserey Vonne P. Ocampo, M. Loretero
Philippines is a country rich in natural resources that can be converted into biomass fuels, such as charcoal. This study aims to determine the viability of producing charcoal through partial combustion using Mahogany and Ipil – Ipil wood in a wood stove before burying the charred wood samples in clay soil. Sample preparation was done by machining pruned branches into a size of 1-in diameter by 6-in length, then drying them until their moisture content was below 20%. The dry wood samples were then charred in a wood stove at different residence times. After reaching the residence time of a trial, the charred sample was wrapped in tin foil and buried in clay soil to cool for 24 hours. Afterwards, proximate analysis and bomb calorimetry were done on the charcoals produced. Results of the tests show that with longer residence time, charcoal yield decreased; moisture content increased due to increase in charcoal hygroscopicity; volatile matter decreased due to devolatilization; and fixed carbon content increased. Also, ash content increased for Mahogany charcoals while in Ipil-Ipil, it hardly varied. Furthermore, Ipil-Ipil charcoals were found to have greater calorific values than Mahogany charcoals due to Ipil – Ipil wood having greater calorific value.
{"title":"Production of Charcoal Through Partial Combustion in a Wood Stove","authors":"Michael Manilhig, Lowell M. Manliguez, Miren Eukene S. Tarongoy, Giserey Vonne P. Ocampo, M. Loretero","doi":"10.51983/arme-2023.12.1.3607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51983/arme-2023.12.1.3607","url":null,"abstract":"Philippines is a country rich in natural resources that can be converted into biomass fuels, such as charcoal. This study aims to determine the viability of producing charcoal through partial combustion using Mahogany and Ipil – Ipil wood in a wood stove before burying the charred wood samples in clay soil. Sample preparation was done by machining pruned branches into a size of 1-in diameter by 6-in length, then drying them until their moisture content was below 20%. The dry wood samples were then charred in a wood stove at different residence times. After reaching the residence time of a trial, the charred sample was wrapped in tin foil and buried in clay soil to cool for 24 hours. Afterwards, proximate analysis and bomb calorimetry were done on the charcoals produced. Results of the tests show that with longer residence time, charcoal yield decreased; moisture content increased due to increase in charcoal hygroscopicity; volatile matter decreased due to devolatilization; and fixed carbon content increased. Also, ash content increased for Mahogany charcoals while in Ipil-Ipil, it hardly varied. Furthermore, Ipil-Ipil charcoals were found to have greater calorific values than Mahogany charcoals due to Ipil – Ipil wood having greater calorific value.","PeriodicalId":340179,"journal":{"name":"Asian Review of Mechanical Engineering","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121881150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-15DOI: 10.51983/arme-2022.11.2.3628
A. Husainy, Omkar S. Chougule, Prathamesh U. Jadhav, Samir N. Momin, Sanmesh S. Shinde
The world is facing major issues associated with the reliance on fossil fuels for energy supply, including rising prices, greenhouse gas emissions, and the risk of depletion. Various technologies have been developed for fixing carbon dioxide, which contributes to global warming. Biological fixation using photosynthetic microalgae cultured on a large scale is a promising method. In this method, carbon should be either wholly stored in the algal biomass or substituted for fossil fuel. Algal biomass can be degraded to carbon dioxide or methane, which is released to the atmosphere. The use of microalgae as a sustainable source of renewable energy and biofuels has garnered significant attention in recent years. One of the advantages of microalgae is their ability to accumulate high levels of lipids, making them a promising feedstock for biofuel production. Moreover, microalgae can be cultivated on non-arable land and can be grown using alternative water sources such as seawater, which further enhances their potential as a sustainable and environmentally friendly energy source. A photo bioreactor (PBR) is essential equipment for microalgal photosynthetic fixation of CO2. A PBR system implemented in a smart bio panel utilizes algae to trap sunlight energy and convert it into electricity, while also generating biomass as a by-product and acting as a CO2 scrubber. To make the system smart, machine learning algorithms were implemented to monitor and predict the growth rate of the algae Support Vector Machines (SVM) were used to predict the growth behavior of the microalgae, and the results showed that the SVM-based model can predict the growth rate of microalgae with a correlation coefficient of 90 percent. Microalgae biomass production heavily relies on photosynthesis, which only utilizes a small portion of the solar energy, mainly in the blue and red wavelengths. However, in traditional microalgae cultivation, the unused portion of the solar spectrum heats up the algae ponds and causes water evaporation, leading to increased salinity, especially in hot and semi-arid locations.
{"title":"Review on Smart Algae Bio Panel and its Growth Forecasting Using Machine Learning","authors":"A. Husainy, Omkar S. Chougule, Prathamesh U. Jadhav, Samir N. Momin, Sanmesh S. Shinde","doi":"10.51983/arme-2022.11.2.3628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51983/arme-2022.11.2.3628","url":null,"abstract":"The world is facing major issues associated with the reliance on fossil fuels for energy supply, including rising prices, greenhouse gas emissions, and the risk of depletion. Various technologies have been developed for fixing carbon dioxide, which contributes to global warming. Biological fixation using photosynthetic microalgae cultured on a large scale is a promising method. In this method, carbon should be either wholly stored in the algal biomass or substituted for fossil fuel. Algal biomass can be degraded to carbon dioxide or methane, which is released to the atmosphere. The use of microalgae as a sustainable source of renewable energy and biofuels has garnered significant attention in recent years. One of the advantages of microalgae is their ability to accumulate high levels of lipids, making them a promising feedstock for biofuel production. Moreover, microalgae can be cultivated on non-arable land and can be grown using alternative water sources such as seawater, which further enhances their potential as a sustainable and environmentally friendly energy source. A photo bioreactor (PBR) is essential equipment for microalgal photosynthetic fixation of CO2. A PBR system implemented in a smart bio panel utilizes algae to trap sunlight energy and convert it into electricity, while also generating biomass as a by-product and acting as a CO2 scrubber. To make the system smart, machine learning algorithms were implemented to monitor and predict the growth rate of the algae Support Vector Machines (SVM) were used to predict the growth behavior of the microalgae, and the results showed that the SVM-based model can predict the growth rate of microalgae with a correlation coefficient of 90 percent. Microalgae biomass production heavily relies on photosynthesis, which only utilizes a small portion of the solar energy, mainly in the blue and red wavelengths. However, in traditional microalgae cultivation, the unused portion of the solar spectrum heats up the algae ponds and causes water evaporation, leading to increased salinity, especially in hot and semi-arid locations.","PeriodicalId":340179,"journal":{"name":"Asian Review of Mechanical Engineering","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114594541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-15DOI: 10.51983/arme-2022.11.2.3540
M. Mutekwa, Mushfiq Al Arafa, Z. Chen
The numerical parametric analysis conducted to analyze the impact of micro-blowing technique (MBT) hole-parameters are quite few at the present stage. The main aim of this research paper is to analyze the effect of micro blowing flow rate and its different hole-parameters on the skin friction drag reduction of an aircraft engine nacelle operating at cruise conditions. The primary tasks are focused to understand the behavior of the flow characteristics at the vicinity of the micro-porous holes by means of different types of MBT configurations. The interaction between main-stream flow and the micro-channel flow is numerically solved by using the Reynolds average Navier-Stokes equation and the k-omega SST is used to model the turbulent flow at the vicinity of the wall region. The hole-pattern is kept aligned in a single-row channel and the shape of the hole cross-section is kept straight to obtain an overall simplicity of the simulation model. The influences of the micro blowing technique are quite clearly seen from the simulation results, as there is a significant reduction in the velocity gradient between the solid engine nacelle surface and all the MBT configurations. The porous engine nacelle surface with zero blowing velocity is capable to reduce the skin friction drag by 7.045 % than of its solid surface, implying that the presence of the micro-porous holes possesses low effective surface roughness, and it is an effective method to manipulate the turbulent boundary layer. The optimum skin friction drag reduction is observed when the geometrical characteristics of the holes possess small diameter and high aspect ratio.
{"title":"Influence of Micro-Blowing Technique Hole Parameters on Drag Reduction of Civil Aircraft Engine Nacelle: A Computational Study","authors":"M. Mutekwa, Mushfiq Al Arafa, Z. Chen","doi":"10.51983/arme-2022.11.2.3540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51983/arme-2022.11.2.3540","url":null,"abstract":"The numerical parametric analysis conducted to analyze the impact of micro-blowing technique (MBT) hole-parameters are quite few at the present stage. The main aim of this research paper is to analyze the effect of micro blowing flow rate and its different hole-parameters on the skin friction drag reduction of an aircraft engine nacelle operating at cruise conditions. The primary tasks are focused to understand the behavior of the flow characteristics at the vicinity of the micro-porous holes by means of different types of MBT configurations. The interaction between main-stream flow and the micro-channel flow is numerically solved by using the Reynolds average Navier-Stokes equation and the k-omega SST is used to model the turbulent flow at the vicinity of the wall region. The hole-pattern is kept aligned in a single-row channel and the shape of the hole cross-section is kept straight to obtain an overall simplicity of the simulation model. The influences of the micro blowing technique are quite clearly seen from the simulation results, as there is a significant reduction in the velocity gradient between the solid engine nacelle surface and all the MBT configurations. The porous engine nacelle surface with zero blowing velocity is capable to reduce the skin friction drag by 7.045 % than of its solid surface, implying that the presence of the micro-porous holes possesses low effective surface roughness, and it is an effective method to manipulate the turbulent boundary layer. The optimum skin friction drag reduction is observed when the geometrical characteristics of the holes possess small diameter and high aspect ratio.","PeriodicalId":340179,"journal":{"name":"Asian Review of Mechanical Engineering","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116209374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-15DOI: 10.51983/arme-2022.11.2.3638
A. Husainy, Sachin S. Wagh, Shubham V. Kore, Akash P. Burud, Devang G. Hajare
According to studies conducted abroad, the HVAC system is to blame for 70% or more of all IAQ problems, and most of these problems are brought on by inadequate system care and maintenance. The lungs of a building, the air ducts, can accumulate deposits of construction grime, dust, tar from cigarettes, insects, smoke and other airborne contaminants. These distribution systems need to be inspected frequently in order to maintain the high efficiency of the air conditioners and lower effect losses. There is evidence that ventilation ducts in HVAC systems can accumulate dust and serve as breeding grounds for microbes even when they are operating normally. The building’s AC duct placement makes it impossible to clean by hand. An assessment of the current state of knowledge and comprehension about the employment of robots for air duct cleaning is what this review paper intends to do. The various varieties of air duct cleaning robots, as well as their capabilities and effectiveness in comparison to more conventional cleaning techniques, will be examined in this study. The cost, effectiveness, and safety of deploying robots to clean air ducts will also be discussed in this study, along with some of their benefits and drawbacks. The review will also look at the state of research and development in the area and identify any potential trends or difficulties in the use of robots for cleaning air ducts in the future. The paper will include a full evaluation of previous research on the subject, including studies, publications, and reports, as well as the methodology employed. The study will include findings and suggestions about the usage of robots for cleaning air ducts for facility managers, researchers, and air duct cleaning specialists. The paper’s overall goal is to present a thorough overview of the status of technology today and some of its prospective air duct cleaning applications.
{"title":"Robotic Solutions for Air Duct Cleaning: An Overview of Current Research and Applications","authors":"A. Husainy, Sachin S. Wagh, Shubham V. Kore, Akash P. Burud, Devang G. Hajare","doi":"10.51983/arme-2022.11.2.3638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51983/arme-2022.11.2.3638","url":null,"abstract":"According to studies conducted abroad, the HVAC system is to blame for 70% or more of all IAQ problems, and most of these problems are brought on by inadequate system care and maintenance. The lungs of a building, the air ducts, can accumulate deposits of construction grime, dust, tar from cigarettes, insects, smoke and other airborne contaminants. These distribution systems need to be inspected frequently in order to maintain the high efficiency of the air conditioners and lower effect losses. There is evidence that ventilation ducts in HVAC systems can accumulate dust and serve as breeding grounds for microbes even when they are operating normally. The building’s AC duct placement makes it impossible to clean by hand. An assessment of the current state of knowledge and comprehension about the employment of robots for air duct cleaning is what this review paper intends to do. The various varieties of air duct cleaning robots, as well as their capabilities and effectiveness in comparison to more conventional cleaning techniques, will be examined in this study. The cost, effectiveness, and safety of deploying robots to clean air ducts will also be discussed in this study, along with some of their benefits and drawbacks. The review will also look at the state of research and development in the area and identify any potential trends or difficulties in the use of robots for cleaning air ducts in the future. The paper will include a full evaluation of previous research on the subject, including studies, publications, and reports, as well as the methodology employed. The study will include findings and suggestions about the usage of robots for cleaning air ducts for facility managers, researchers, and air duct cleaning specialists. The paper’s overall goal is to present a thorough overview of the status of technology today and some of its prospective air duct cleaning applications.","PeriodicalId":340179,"journal":{"name":"Asian Review of Mechanical Engineering","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123838548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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