Current Research in Microbial Sciences最新文献

{"title":"“Reflexions on the role, diversity, conservation and management of the genetic microbial resources in Agriculture”","authors":"María del Pilar Rodríguez Guzmán , Ismael Fernando Chávez Díaz , Lily Xochilt Zelaya Molina","doi":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100365","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100365","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34305,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Microbial Sciences","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100365"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143519312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental biocontamination by SARS-CoV-2 Virus in the hospital setting","authors":"M Espejo Mambié ,&nbsp;D San Jose-Saras ,&nbsp;C Bischofberger Valdés ,&nbsp;C Díaz-Agero Pérez ,&nbsp;JC Galán Montemayor ,&nbsp;L Martínez-García ,&nbsp;M Abreu Di-Berardino ,&nbsp;P Moreno-Nunez ,&nbsp;J Vicente-Guijarro ,&nbsp;J.M Aranaz-Andrés","doi":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100355","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100355","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Demonstrating the capability to isolate biological material from the environment was fundamental to supporting any transmission route. Various and inconsistent methodologies have been used to address this issue; however, the debate in scientific societies about the possibility of airborne transmission as a source of SARS-CoV-2 spread remained open.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To analyze SARS-CoV-2 contamination in the air and on surfaces in a hospital setting during the COVID-19 pandemic.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study involved air and surface sampling in the emergency, hospitalization, and intensive care unit areas of the Ramón y Cajal University Hospital. A consistent methodology was used for all samples, and clinical and environmental parameters and characterization of each location were recorded.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 234 samples were collected, comprising 160 surface samples and 74 air samples, of which 6.84 % tested positive (13/160 surface samples and 3/74 air samples). High-contact surfaces had the highest proportion of positive samples (12/13). All positive air samples were identified within 2 m of patients who had recently developed symptoms (&lt;5 days). High dependency and elevated temperatures seemed to indicate a higher risk of environmental biocontamination. Additionally, there was a higher risk of contamination in the intensive care units than in the hospitalization or emergency units.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34305,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Microbial Sciences","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100355"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143241125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple influences on cyanobacterial abundance and diversity in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Economic Circle and nearby areas of China","authors":"Wei Wang,&nbsp;Hanjie Huang,&nbsp;Kangxu Zhao,&nbsp;Junping Lv,&nbsp;Xudong Liu,&nbsp;Shulian Xie,&nbsp;Jia Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100400","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100400","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, there has been a marked increase in the frequency and duration of cyanobacterial blooms, which has attracted widespread attention from all sectors of society. However, the processes and pathways leading to the formation of cyanobacterial blooms are largely stochastic, and a targeted quantitative model incorporating multiple drivers is required. A series of fieldwork and analytical procedures were conducted on 11 lakes in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and neighboring regions. The objective of this research was to investigate the effects of location, climate, habitat, metabolism and biology on the abundance of cyanobacteria. The findings indicated that location factors exerted an indirect influence on cyanobacterial density, with a calculated effect size of −0.001. This observation is consistent with the documented prevalence of cyanobacterial bloom outbreaks, suggesting that cyanobacterial abundance is not directly associated with location. Furthermore, the water environment (0.35 indirect and −0.37 direct effects) and climatic conditions (−0.2 indirect and 0.16 direct effects) had significant direct and indirect effects on cyanobacterial cell densities. It was also determined that high nutrients and high temperatures remained the basis for promoting cyanobacterial blooms. It is noteworthy that the microbial community exerted a substantial inhibitory effect on the proliferation of the cyanobacterial community (1.13 direct inhibitory effect). It is hypothesized that the negative effect is derived from two primary sources: the competition for ecological niches by organisms exhibiting similarity, and the direct inhibitory effect of certain bacteria on the growth of cyanobacteria, a negative correlation between acidobacteriota, bacteroide and a variety of cyanobacteria was observed in our study. The effect of specific bacteria is found to be significantly negatively correlated with the prevalence of a wide range of cyanobacteria, which is consistent with the results of many extant studies. These extant studies indicate that the formation of cyanobacterial communities is primarily influenced by microorganisms in the environment. The results of this study will provide new and complementary evidence on the mechanisms of cyanobacterial bloom occurrence and development and the design of management strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34305,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Microbial Sciences","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100400"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143928568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening and discovery of an antiviral candidate inhibiting the SARS-CoV-2 envelope (2-E) channel","authors":"Han Zhang ,&nbsp;Shuxin Shi ,&nbsp;Lujia Sun ,&nbsp;Shuangqu Li ,&nbsp;Yan Zhang ,&nbsp;Ziyue Li ,&nbsp;Jingjing Hou ,&nbsp;Pingan Li ,&nbsp;Jingshan Shen ,&nbsp;Xi Cheng ,&nbsp;Shibo Jiang ,&nbsp;Zhaobing Gao ,&nbsp;Xinling Wang ,&nbsp;Xiangrui Jiang ,&nbsp;Bingqing Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100409","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100409","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The SARS-CoV-2-encoded 2-E channel is critical in the viral life cycle and pathogenesis. By facilitating viral replication, it promotes the dysregulation of inflammatory pathways, leading to cytokine storm, and triggers DNA damage response (DDR), thus exacerbating disease progression. The 2-E channel, a viroporin, is a promising antiviral target. However, the lack of specific inhibitors and effective screening methods has hindered therapeutic exploitation of the 2-E channel. To address this gap, we report on a fluorescence-based screening assay that targets the 2-E channel activity, resulting in the identification of potential inhibitory molecules. After performing both electrophysiological studies and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analyses, we identified the top-ranked candidate, TPN10518, as a pore-blocking inhibitor of the 2-E channel. TPN10518 binds to a hydrophobic pocket in the C-terminal vestibule of the 2-E channel, thereby inhibiting its activity. Functional evaluation showed that TPN10518 exhibits significant antiviral efficacy <em>in vitro</em>, while, at the same time, effectively protecting against 2-E channel-mediated host damage and suppressing cytokine storm caused by dysregulated homeostasis of inflammatory pathways <em>in vivo</em>. Therefore, our work introduces a screening method for targeting 2-E channels, establishes the 2-E channel as a viable therapeutic target against SARS-CoV-2, and identifies TPN10518 as a promising antiviral candidate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34305,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Microbial Sciences","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100409"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144189334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cell wall polysaccharide alters the surface electric potential of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei strain Shirota and enhances acid tolerance","authors":"Kosuke Kato,&nbsp;Madoka Nakamura,&nbsp;Masaki Serata,&nbsp;Takekazu Okumura","doi":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100430","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100430","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>LCPS-1 is a cell wall polysaccharide (CWPS) of <em>Lacticaseibacillus paracasei</em> (formerly <em>Lactobacillus casei</em>) strain Shirota (LcS). LCPS-1 enhances the acid tolerance of LcS; however, the mechanism of action remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate how LCPS-1 enhances LcS growth and survivability under acidic conditions. When cultured in media acidified with hydrochloric, lactic, or acetic acid, wild-type LcS showed significantly more growth than an LCPS-1-deficient mutant strain (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01), indicating that LCPS-1 confers enhanced protection against proton (<em>H</em>⁺) stress. Wild-type LcS also exhibited a significant 73–83 % reduction (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01) in negative surface potential compared to that of the mutant. Additionally, wild-type LcS showed significantly more growth than the mutant (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01) in the presence of cupric oxide, which releases bactericidal Cu²⁺ ions. In contrast, wild-type LcS was slightly more susceptible than the mutant to lethal concentrations of hydroxide ions. These findings suggest that LCPS-1 modulates the surface electric potential of LcS cells, thereby influencing the interaction strength between the cell walls and environmental ions, ultimately altering the tolerance of the cells to ionic stress factors. These findings provide crucial insights into the role of CWPSs in modulating the surface electric potential of microorganisms, which affects microbial interactions with environmental ions. This enhanced understanding of CWPS function enables the development of more resilient probiotic strains, potentially improving their efficacy in various industrial and therapeutic applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34305,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Microbial Sciences","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100430"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144534316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Jarman–Bell principle revisited: Gut microbiota facilitate body size-dependent nutritional strategies in herbivores","authors":"Peng Zheng ,&nbsp;Peng Ding ,&nbsp;Wei-Zhen Gao ,&nbsp;Xi Chen ,&nbsp;Lei Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100508","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100508","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Body size is a key determinant of nutritional strategies in herbivores, yet the role of gut microbiota in mediating these strategies remains insufficiently explored. To address this gap, we examined two sympatric ungulates of contrasting body sizes in an arid ecosystem—red deer (<em>Cervus elaphus</em>, large-bodied) and goitered gazelle (<em>Gazella subgutturosa</em>, small-bodied)—to test three predictions derived from the Jarman–Bell principle (JBP). We applied dietary DNA metabarcoding, plant nutritional profiling, and 16S rRNA sequencing of gut microbiota to assess how body size shapes macronutrient intake, microbial composition, and functional adaptations. Both species exhibited similar macronutrient ratios dominated by carbohydrates (∼88–90 %), supporting the nutritional balancing hypothesis. However, they differed in nutrient targets and microbial profiles: red deer consumed more non-structural carbohydrates and fats, with enriched gut microbial taxa (<em>Paludibacter, Turicibacter</em>) linked to energy metabolism, reflecting an energy maximization strategy. In contrast, goitered gazelles ingested more crude protein and harbored microbial taxa (<em>Prevotella)</em> associated with protein digestion, alongside immune-supporting microbes (<em>Butyricicoccus, Coprococcus</em>, and <em>Victivallis</em>), consistent with a protein maximization strategy. Red deer also demonstrated a greater microbial capacity for fiber degradation (<em>Fibrobacter, Ruminococcus albus</em>) and detoxification of plant secondary metabolites (<em>Clostridium, Desulfovibrio, Prevotella, Variovorax</em>). Functional pathway analysis revealed enrichment in lignocellulose and terpenoid metabolism, indicating an adaptation to low-quality forage. In contrast, goitered gazelles showed limited microbial associations with fiber or phytotoxin regulation, suggesting weaker microbial-mediated adaptation to low-quality diets. These results demonstrate that body size governs distinct nutritional strategies in sympatric herbivores, mediated through differential gut microbiota composition and function. Larger species, such as red deer, exhibit enhanced microbial capacity for fiber and toxin regulation, allowing them to utilize lower-quality forage more efficiently.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34305,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Microbial Sciences","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100508"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145519048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing Lactobacillus-derived SCFAs for food and health: Pathways, genes, and functional implications","authors":"Yousef Nami ,&nbsp;Milad Shaghaghi Ranjbar ,&nbsp;Mahmoudreza Modarres Aval ,&nbsp;Babak Haghshenas","doi":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100496","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100496","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are crucial microbial metabolites that mediate host–microbiota interactions, regulate immune responses, and maintain gut homeostasis. While most studies focus on SCFA production by obligate anaerobes, recent evidence highlights <em>Lactobacillus</em> spp. as potential SCFA-producing microorganisms that remain understudied in terms of SCFA-based health and food-related effects. This research review compiles what is currently known about species- and strain-specific biosynthetic capabilities of <em>Lactobacillus</em> for SCFA production, particularly acetate, and lactate, which, while produced by <em>Lactobacillus</em>, is not classified as a SCFA but plays similar metabolic roles (<em>e.g.</em>, activation of G-protein-coupled receptors, inhibition of histone deacetylases, and immune cell metabolism).</div><div>We additionally assess new synthetic biology and metabolic engineering approaches to improving SCFA yield in <em>Lactobacillus</em>, including gene circuit design, CRISPR editing, and co-culture optimization. Importantly, we discuss translational opportunities not only in inflammatory, metabolic, and neuroimmune diseases but also in the development of functional foods, synbiotics, and nutraceutical applications. Finally, we highlight key challenges—strain variability, delivery strategies, and regulatory oversight—that preclude both clinical and food system translation.</div><div>By integrating perspectives from microbiology, immunology, food science, and bioengineering, this review provides a broad framework for the rational design of SCFA-producing <em>Lactobacillus</em> strains as next-generation probiotics and food-grade biotherapeutics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34305,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Microbial Sciences","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100496"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145415378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Completed genomes from Variovorax provide insight into genome diversification through horizontal gene transfer","authors":"Christopher J. Ne Ville ,&nbsp;Paul M. Orwin","doi":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100497","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100497","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Approximately 10% of all bacterial genomes sequenced thus far contain a secondary replicon. This property of bacterial populations vastly increases genomic diversity within phylogenetically narrow groups. Members of the genus <em>Variovorax</em> have extensive heterogeneity in genome architecture, including sequenced isolates containing plasmids, megaplasmids, and chromids. Many of the <em>Variovorax</em> genomes in the NCBI database were generated using short-read data exclusively and were assembled to the permanent draft stage. We acquired a set of these isolates and used the Oxford Nanopore MinION to generate additional data to allow for hybrid assembly of these genomes. Here we present the finished assemblies of 15 <em>Variovorax</em> isolates from diverse ecosystems that were previously only available as permanent drafts. When added to the previously published <em>Variovorax</em> assemblies for EPS, CSUSB, and VAI-C and those published by other groups, we found significant diversity in genome architecture. We found that there are plasmids, megaplasmids, and chromids that are distinguishable using Guanine-Cytosine (G+C content) content as a signal. We identified a plasmid integration event in NFACC27 and suggest potential evolutionary relationships in the secondary replicons based on ParB homology as well as ANI. The evidence suggests that <em>Variovorax,</em> like its sister taxon <em>Burkholderia,</em> is highly capable of acquiring and maintaining stable secondary replicons. The plasticity of these architectures and the mechanisms for maintenance remain a topic for future research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34305,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Microbial Sciences","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100497"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145415380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing diagnostic efficiency of pyrazinamide resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis via modified MGIT assay and genotypic correlation","authors":"Ananthi Rajendran ,&nbsp;Ahmed Kabir Refaya ,&nbsp;Balaji Subramanyam ,&nbsp;Ramesh Karunaianantham ,&nbsp;Dhandapani RaviKumar ,&nbsp;Hemalatha Haribabu ,&nbsp;Radha Gopalaswamy ,&nbsp;Radhika Golla ,&nbsp;Vadivel Senthildevi ,&nbsp;Narayanan Sivaramakrishnan Gomathi ,&nbsp;Sivakumar Shanmugam ,&nbsp;Kannan Palaniyandi","doi":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100462","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100462","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pyrazinamide (PZA) plays a crucial role in the treatment of both active and latent tuberculosis, particularly in regimens designed to treat drug-resistant TB. However, diagnosing resistance to PZA poses challenges for managing TB, highlighting the need for accurate detection methods. This study aims to address the challenges in detecting PZA resistance by modifying the standard MGIT960 PZA drug susceptibility testing method by optimizing the inoculum dilution. Briefly, three MGIT DST versions were evaluated: the standard method, the reduced inoculum (RI) method employing a 1:20 inoculum dilution and the sparse dilution (SD) method using a 1:50 dilution of the inoculum for growth control tube, while the undiluted MGIT positive culture was used for the PZA test tube. The SD MGIT DST approach minimized the number of false-resistant PZA results to (31/401) 7.7 % against 27 % by standard MGIT DST and 11.7 % by RI MGIT DST approach, thereby reducing the false-positivity rate by 19.3 %. Targeted sequencing of <em>pncA</em> gene identified mutations in only 14/401 isolates (3.5 %). Whole genome sequencing (WGS) of the 31 phenotypically resistant isolates identified resistance -associated mutations in <em>pncA</em> gene (45 %), <em>panD</em> (9.6 %), <em>mas</em> (12.9 %), <em>glpK</em> (3.2 %), and <em>lprG</em> (3.2 %), and others efflux associated genes like <em>Rv1258c</em> (3.2 %)<em>, Rv0191c</em> (3.2 %), and <em>Rv3008</em> (6.45 %), except for 4 isolates, for which no mutations were detected in the target genes. These genes are involved in various resistance mechanisms including cell wall synthesis, metabolic pathways, and drug tolerance, which are essential for PZA efficacy. Notably, new mutations in <em>glpK</em> and <em>mas</em> were detected in isolates with wild-type <em>pncA</em> and were absent in the sensitive isolates. Our study substantiates the improvement of phenotypic testing methods and enhances the detection of PZA resistance even in resource-limited settings and direct research towards improving the diagnostic accuracy in TB drug resistance management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34305,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Microbial Sciences","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100462"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144911820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative multiplexed analysis of gene and protein expression patterns in Yarrowia lipolytica","authors":"Erin Bredeweg,&nbsp;Galya Orr,&nbsp;Dehong Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100369","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100369","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this report, we present coordinated observations of protein and mRNA transcript counts at the single-cell level in the oleaginous yeast model <em>Yarrowia lipolytica</em>. The transcription factor Xbp1p regulates entry into a quiescent state, representing a shift of resources to sequestration of nutrients rather than cell division. We observed the responses of wild-type and Δ<em>xbp1</em> cells to protein (by fluorescence) and transcript quantification and localization at both single-cell and population-averaged levels. Data were collected via single-molecule fluorescence <em>in situ</em> hybridization (smFISH) and qPCR under nitrogen depletion, a condition that drives lipid accumulation. These techniques reveal a complex and heterogeneous population of Xbp1p dynamics and downstream regulation. Our findings highlight the need for single-cell resolution analyses to describe cellular dynamics and regulatory processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34305,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Microbial Sciences","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100369"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144202455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}