Pub Date : 2021-08-26DOI: 10.1109/SPIN52536.2021.9566007
G. Dewangan, G. Prasad, Bipin Chandra Mandi
MIPS-based RISC processor has a wide range of applications because of its low power consumption and high-speed performance. Here a design of Pipeline based MIPS processor is proposed using the forwarding and stalling process. A pipeline is used to improve each stage’s utilization factor and improve the overall performance of MIPS. A pipeline-based MIPS processor is presented here and has different five processing stages instruction fetch (IF), instruction decode (ID), execution (EXE), memory (MEM), and write back(WB). The data hazard solving technique is achieved by using the method as mentioned above. The design had been synthesized and simulated with the help of the Xilinx Vivado tool and implemented in the Virtex ultra scale board, and the total consumption power of 0.999 W is measured.
{"title":"Design and Implementation of 32 bit MIPS based RISC Processor","authors":"G. Dewangan, G. Prasad, Bipin Chandra Mandi","doi":"10.1109/SPIN52536.2021.9566007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SPIN52536.2021.9566007","url":null,"abstract":"MIPS-based RISC processor has a wide range of applications because of its low power consumption and high-speed performance. Here a design of Pipeline based MIPS processor is proposed using the forwarding and stalling process. A pipeline is used to improve each stage’s utilization factor and improve the overall performance of MIPS. A pipeline-based MIPS processor is presented here and has different five processing stages instruction fetch (IF), instruction decode (ID), execution (EXE), memory (MEM), and write back(WB). The data hazard solving technique is achieved by using the method as mentioned above. The design had been synthesized and simulated with the help of the Xilinx Vivado tool and implemented in the Virtex ultra scale board, and the total consumption power of 0.999 W is measured.","PeriodicalId":343177,"journal":{"name":"2021 8th International Conference on Signal Processing and Integrated Networks (SPIN)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130197238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-26DOI: 10.1109/SPIN52536.2021.9566055
Trupti G. Kamod, P. Rege, S. Kulkarni
Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images can pass through cloud cover, dry particles, and haze except for heavy rainfall. Therefore, they are available in all climates, all the time. However, the SAR images are corrupted by speckle noise generated by coherent processing of SAR signal. In this paper, the denoise auto-encoder model is proposed to reduce the speckle noise in SAR images, and the performance of the auto-encoder model is compared with different spatial-domain adaptive filters viz. Lee, Frost, Enhanced Lee, Enhanced Frost. The performance of the proposed denoising encoder is assessed using visual analysis, and quantitative evaluation using metrics, viz. equivalent number of looks (ENL), speckle suppression index (SSI) and speckle suppression and mean preservation index (SMPI). The evaluation of the denoise auto-encoder reveals that its performance is better than spatial- domain adaptive filters.
{"title":"Denoise Auto-Encoder Based Speckle Reduction for RISAT-1 SAR Imagery","authors":"Trupti G. Kamod, P. Rege, S. Kulkarni","doi":"10.1109/SPIN52536.2021.9566055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SPIN52536.2021.9566055","url":null,"abstract":"Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images can pass through cloud cover, dry particles, and haze except for heavy rainfall. Therefore, they are available in all climates, all the time. However, the SAR images are corrupted by speckle noise generated by coherent processing of SAR signal. In this paper, the denoise auto-encoder model is proposed to reduce the speckle noise in SAR images, and the performance of the auto-encoder model is compared with different spatial-domain adaptive filters viz. Lee, Frost, Enhanced Lee, Enhanced Frost. The performance of the proposed denoising encoder is assessed using visual analysis, and quantitative evaluation using metrics, viz. equivalent number of looks (ENL), speckle suppression index (SSI) and speckle suppression and mean preservation index (SMPI). The evaluation of the denoise auto-encoder reveals that its performance is better than spatial- domain adaptive filters.","PeriodicalId":343177,"journal":{"name":"2021 8th International Conference on Signal Processing and Integrated Networks (SPIN)","volume":"109 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122707315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-26DOI: 10.1109/SPIN52536.2021.9566006
Vishank Makhe, Vinay S. Palaparthy, Yash Agrawal
In this paper, novel reduced graphene oxide (rGO) interconnects for printed circuit boards (PCBs) designs are investigated using experimental analysis. rGO is a newly investigated and prominent material owing to its good electrical, thermal, mechanical and chemical properties. The prospective rGO is benchmarked with respect to conventional copper (Cu) based interconnects. Multiple interconnect device samples are fabricated physically by using FR4 copper clad for the analysis. The current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of these rGO and Cu interconnects are observed for linearity. The parasitic extraction of these interconnects is carried out using inductance-capacitance-resistance (LCR) meter. The characteristics of parasitic elements with respect to varying frequency range from 100 Hz to 10 MHz has been determined and analyzed in detail with the help of LCR meter. The attenuation and slew rate performance parameters are also determined with the help of digital storage oscilloscope (DSO).
{"title":"Parasitic Extraction and Performance Assessment using Experimental Analysis of rGO Interconnects for PCB Designs","authors":"Vishank Makhe, Vinay S. Palaparthy, Yash Agrawal","doi":"10.1109/SPIN52536.2021.9566006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SPIN52536.2021.9566006","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, novel reduced graphene oxide (rGO) interconnects for printed circuit boards (PCBs) designs are investigated using experimental analysis. rGO is a newly investigated and prominent material owing to its good electrical, thermal, mechanical and chemical properties. The prospective rGO is benchmarked with respect to conventional copper (Cu) based interconnects. Multiple interconnect device samples are fabricated physically by using FR4 copper clad for the analysis. The current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of these rGO and Cu interconnects are observed for linearity. The parasitic extraction of these interconnects is carried out using inductance-capacitance-resistance (LCR) meter. The characteristics of parasitic elements with respect to varying frequency range from 100 Hz to 10 MHz has been determined and analyzed in detail with the help of LCR meter. The attenuation and slew rate performance parameters are also determined with the help of digital storage oscilloscope (DSO).","PeriodicalId":343177,"journal":{"name":"2021 8th International Conference on Signal Processing and Integrated Networks (SPIN)","volume":"2 5‐6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120836488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-26DOI: 10.1109/SPIN52536.2021.9565952
R. Dohare, Mainuddin, G. Singhal
Present paper focuses upon development of thermal stabilization scheme based on pulse width modulation (PWM) controller used for iodine evaporation in flowing chemical laser. Iodine acts a lasing medium in chemical oxygen iodine laser (COIL). In COIL, iodine crystals are put in iodine chambers and needs to be continuously evaporated in order to get vapor iodine. For efficient COIL operation, stabilized iodine evaporation is one of the prime needs. In addition, iodine transportation lines are also required to be heated to ~ 75°C-85°C in order to restrict the iodine deposition during transport. Iodine being hazardous to human beings, the said thermal operation has to be continuously monitored and controlled to provide uniform flow of iodine during safe laser operation. Thermal actions are performed by using several rod heaters and belt heaters. A PWM controller based in house thermal stabilization scheme has been developed using feedback mechanism for iodine evaporation with an accuracy of ±0.5°C instead of using commercially available controllers. It comprises of Operational Amplifier LF 356, Instrumentation Amplifier (IA) AD 620, LM 339 Comparator ICs, K type thermocouple and solid state relay (SSR).The developed hardware has been interfaced with data acquisition system (DAS) and all the temperatures were monitored and recorded online.
{"title":"Pulse Width Modulation controller based Thermal Stabilization for Iodine evaporation inflowing chemical laser","authors":"R. Dohare, Mainuddin, G. Singhal","doi":"10.1109/SPIN52536.2021.9565952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SPIN52536.2021.9565952","url":null,"abstract":"Present paper focuses upon development of thermal stabilization scheme based on pulse width modulation (PWM) controller used for iodine evaporation in flowing chemical laser. Iodine acts a lasing medium in chemical oxygen iodine laser (COIL). In COIL, iodine crystals are put in iodine chambers and needs to be continuously evaporated in order to get vapor iodine. For efficient COIL operation, stabilized iodine evaporation is one of the prime needs. In addition, iodine transportation lines are also required to be heated to ~ 75°C-85°C in order to restrict the iodine deposition during transport. Iodine being hazardous to human beings, the said thermal operation has to be continuously monitored and controlled to provide uniform flow of iodine during safe laser operation. Thermal actions are performed by using several rod heaters and belt heaters. A PWM controller based in house thermal stabilization scheme has been developed using feedback mechanism for iodine evaporation with an accuracy of ±0.5°C instead of using commercially available controllers. It comprises of Operational Amplifier LF 356, Instrumentation Amplifier (IA) AD 620, LM 339 Comparator ICs, K type thermocouple and solid state relay (SSR).The developed hardware has been interfaced with data acquisition system (DAS) and all the temperatures were monitored and recorded online.","PeriodicalId":343177,"journal":{"name":"2021 8th International Conference on Signal Processing and Integrated Networks (SPIN)","volume":"33 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116391613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-26DOI: 10.1109/SPIN52536.2021.9566019
Roosefert Mohan T, Preetha Roselyn J, Annie Uthra R
Achieving the customer demand in manufacturing industries during Covid-19 situation is a challenging task since the industry needs to stick on to the local government policies such as high safety, work from home, man power reduction for the purpose of social distance, travelling in transport etc. If the machines produce quality products without any interruption, minor stoppages or breakdown, then the industry can achieve its production demand satisfying the customer need along with Covid-19 restrictions. By implementing autonomous maintenance called Jisu Hazen (JH) pillar of Total Productive Maintenance, around 70% of breakdown caused due to forced deterioration can be eliminated. Data centric digitalization through Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things, manpower and manmade errors are reduced which intern eliminate breakdown, defects and increase productivity. Using smart sensors, the signature parameters related to Clean Lubricate Inspection and Tightening CLIT are digitalized and a smart JH is followed. Through smart JH, operators working hours, number of employees are reduced, work from home situation is made for maintenance engineers to maintain Covid-19 rules.
{"title":"Autonomous Maintenance in Industrial Revolution 4.0 during Covid-19–A Real Time Approach","authors":"Roosefert Mohan T, Preetha Roselyn J, Annie Uthra R","doi":"10.1109/SPIN52536.2021.9566019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SPIN52536.2021.9566019","url":null,"abstract":"Achieving the customer demand in manufacturing industries during Covid-19 situation is a challenging task since the industry needs to stick on to the local government policies such as high safety, work from home, man power reduction for the purpose of social distance, travelling in transport etc. If the machines produce quality products without any interruption, minor stoppages or breakdown, then the industry can achieve its production demand satisfying the customer need along with Covid-19 restrictions. By implementing autonomous maintenance called Jisu Hazen (JH) pillar of Total Productive Maintenance, around 70% of breakdown caused due to forced deterioration can be eliminated. Data centric digitalization through Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things, manpower and manmade errors are reduced which intern eliminate breakdown, defects and increase productivity. Using smart sensors, the signature parameters related to Clean Lubricate Inspection and Tightening CLIT are digitalized and a smart JH is followed. Through smart JH, operators working hours, number of employees are reduced, work from home situation is made for maintenance engineers to maintain Covid-19 rules.","PeriodicalId":343177,"journal":{"name":"2021 8th International Conference on Signal Processing and Integrated Networks (SPIN)","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126693357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-26DOI: 10.1109/SPIN52536.2021.9565992
B. Dhananjay, N. Venkatesh, Arya Bhardwaj, J. Sivaraman
The challenging aspect of diagnosing cardiac abnormalities is the accurate classification of cardiac signals. Classifying cardiac abnormalities having similar wave morphologies by manual measurements is a herculean task. The main aim of this work is to classify Sinus Rhythm (SR), Sinus Tachycardia (ST) under physical stress, and Atrial Tachycardia (AT), by developing a machine learning model, Extra Trees (ET). The input feature set of the developed ET model consist of clinical morphologies of the cardiac signal. The clinical morphologies include durations (in ms) of P wave, PR Interval (PRI), QRS complex, T wave, QT Interval (QTI), PP Interval (PPI), and amplitudes (μV) of P, R, and T waves. Apart from classifying, the ET model has also ranked the essential clinical features required to diagnose SR, ST and AT signals. According to the ET model, P (ms), PPI (ms), and P (μV) are the crucial features to classify signals. The precision, recall, and F1 scores of the developed ET model in SR are 0.99, 0.929, and 0.963, respectively, in ST is 0.99 and in AT are 0.947, 0.99, and 0.973, respectively. The advantage of ET model over other classifiers is that, being an ensemble-based classifier developed from a decision tree classifier, it prevents over fitting.
诊断心脏异常最具挑战性的方面是心脏信号的准确分类。通过人工测量对具有相似波形的心脏异常进行分类是一项艰巨的任务。这项工作的主要目的是通过开发机器学习模型Extra Trees (ET)，对生理压力下的窦性心律(SR)、窦性心动过速(ST)和房性心动过速(AT)进行分类。所开发的ET模型的输入特征集由心脏信号的临床形态学组成。临床形态学包括P波持续时间(ms)、PR间期(PRI)、QRS复合体、T波、QT间期(QTI)、PP间期(PPI)和P波、R波、T波振幅(μV)。除了分类之外，ET模型还对诊断SR、ST和AT信号所需的基本临床特征进行了排序。根据ET模型，P (ms)、PPI (ms)和P (μV)是信号分类的关键特征。所建立的ET模型在SR上的精密度、召回率和F1分数分别为0.99、0.929和0.963，在ST上为0.99，在AT上分别为0.947、0.99和0.973。ET模型相对于其他分类器的优势在于，作为一个从决策树分类器发展而来的基于集成的分类器，它可以防止过度拟合。
{"title":"Cardiac signals classification based on Extra Trees model","authors":"B. Dhananjay, N. Venkatesh, Arya Bhardwaj, J. Sivaraman","doi":"10.1109/SPIN52536.2021.9565992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SPIN52536.2021.9565992","url":null,"abstract":"The challenging aspect of diagnosing cardiac abnormalities is the accurate classification of cardiac signals. Classifying cardiac abnormalities having similar wave morphologies by manual measurements is a herculean task. The main aim of this work is to classify Sinus Rhythm (SR), Sinus Tachycardia (ST) under physical stress, and Atrial Tachycardia (AT), by developing a machine learning model, Extra Trees (ET). The input feature set of the developed ET model consist of clinical morphologies of the cardiac signal. The clinical morphologies include durations (in ms) of P wave, PR Interval (PRI), QRS complex, T wave, QT Interval (QTI), PP Interval (PPI), and amplitudes (μV) of P, R, and T waves. Apart from classifying, the ET model has also ranked the essential clinical features required to diagnose SR, ST and AT signals. According to the ET model, P (ms), PPI (ms), and P (μV) are the crucial features to classify signals. The precision, recall, and F1 scores of the developed ET model in SR are 0.99, 0.929, and 0.963, respectively, in ST is 0.99 and in AT are 0.947, 0.99, and 0.973, respectively. The advantage of ET model over other classifiers is that, being an ensemble-based classifier developed from a decision tree classifier, it prevents over fitting.","PeriodicalId":343177,"journal":{"name":"2021 8th International Conference on Signal Processing and Integrated Networks (SPIN)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126518434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-26DOI: 10.1109/SPIN52536.2021.9566149
Dhirendra Kumar, Himanshu Kesarwani, Kavindra Kandpal, P. K. Misra, M. Goswami
The design of a meta-stable ring oscillator-based true random number generator (TRNG) is presented in this paper. The proposed circuit is designed in 40nm CMOS technology and simulated in cadence virtuoso simulation environment using a combination of current starved-based ring oscillators (ROs), multiplexer, linear feedback shift register (LFSR), UP/DOWN counter followed by a meta-stable circuit. The current starved inverter-based RO is used in place of the power-hungry comparator to save a significant amount of power dissipation observed in the existing design. The metastable circuit is used for providing randomness in the design. The proposed design had resulted in the generation of approximately 40Mbps speed, the power dissipation of 730μW, and energy efficiency of 18.25pJ/bit when designed at 1.1V. The design is fully validated by NIST 800.22 statistical test suite. The proposed design is thus highly suitable for random number generation.
{"title":"Design of Energy Efficient True Random Number Generator using MUX-Metastable Approach","authors":"Dhirendra Kumar, Himanshu Kesarwani, Kavindra Kandpal, P. K. Misra, M. Goswami","doi":"10.1109/SPIN52536.2021.9566149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SPIN52536.2021.9566149","url":null,"abstract":"The design of a meta-stable ring oscillator-based true random number generator (TRNG) is presented in this paper. The proposed circuit is designed in 40nm CMOS technology and simulated in cadence virtuoso simulation environment using a combination of current starved-based ring oscillators (ROs), multiplexer, linear feedback shift register (LFSR), UP/DOWN counter followed by a meta-stable circuit. The current starved inverter-based RO is used in place of the power-hungry comparator to save a significant amount of power dissipation observed in the existing design. The metastable circuit is used for providing randomness in the design. The proposed design had resulted in the generation of approximately 40Mbps speed, the power dissipation of 730μW, and energy efficiency of 18.25pJ/bit when designed at 1.1V. The design is fully validated by NIST 800.22 statistical test suite. The proposed design is thus highly suitable for random number generation.","PeriodicalId":343177,"journal":{"name":"2021 8th International Conference on Signal Processing and Integrated Networks (SPIN)","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131441598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-26DOI: 10.1109/SPIN52536.2021.9565978
Vijendra Kumar Singh, Y. Sharma
A marine vessel platform is fitted with sensors and equipments of diverse origin which are required to work in tandem in order to enhance its operation capability. However, due to incompatibilities in the data formats and protocols that are used, these equipments/ sensors cannot be integrated directly. As the systems available are a mixture of digital and analog types, this paper details the design and development of Embedded Interfacing Solution for interfacing of Digital and Resolver type systems for transmission of An embedded interfacing board was using Cadence OrCAD proprietary subsequently implemented using 8051, Digital to Resolver converter modules, low power operational amplifiers and other required components. This electronic embedded interfacing board converts the digital input containing heading angle into Analog Resolver type of output. This was tested using simulated heading angle created with the help of COM Port Toolkit software application and the output of this embedded interfacing solution was measured on Angle Position Indicator (API) and with the help of Oscilloscope.
为了提高船舶平台的运行能力，船舶平台上安装了各种来源的传感器和设备，这些传感器和设备需要串联工作。然而，由于所使用的数据格式和协议不兼容，这些设备/传感器不能直接集成。由于现有的系统是数字和模拟类型的混合，本文详细介绍了用于数字和解析器类型系统的传输接口的嵌入式接口解决方案的设计和开发。嵌入式接口板使用Cadence OrCAD专有技术，随后使用8051实现，数字到解析器转换模块，低功率运算放大器和其他所需组件。该电子嵌入式接口板将包含航向角的数字输入转换为模拟解析器类型的输出。利用COM Port Toolkit软件创建的模拟航向角对其进行了测试，并在角度位置指示器(API)和示波器的帮助下测量了该嵌入式接口方案的输出。
{"title":"Interfacing of Digital and Resolver Type Systems for Transmission of Heading Angle","authors":"Vijendra Kumar Singh, Y. Sharma","doi":"10.1109/SPIN52536.2021.9565978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SPIN52536.2021.9565978","url":null,"abstract":"A marine vessel platform is fitted with sensors and equipments of diverse origin which are required to work in tandem in order to enhance its operation capability. However, due to incompatibilities in the data formats and protocols that are used, these equipments/ sensors cannot be integrated directly. As the systems available are a mixture of digital and analog types, this paper details the design and development of Embedded Interfacing Solution for interfacing of Digital and Resolver type systems for transmission of An embedded interfacing board was using Cadence OrCAD proprietary subsequently implemented using 8051, Digital to Resolver converter modules, low power operational amplifiers and other required components. This electronic embedded interfacing board converts the digital input containing heading angle into Analog Resolver type of output. This was tested using simulated heading angle created with the help of COM Port Toolkit software application and the output of this embedded interfacing solution was measured on Angle Position Indicator (API) and with the help of Oscilloscope.","PeriodicalId":343177,"journal":{"name":"2021 8th International Conference on Signal Processing and Integrated Networks (SPIN)","volume":"164 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133246183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-26DOI: 10.1109/SPIN52536.2021.9566148
Neelu Tiwari, Pankaj Gupta
The ion sensitive field effect transistor (ISFET) are being utilized in pH sensor technology to sense pH values. However, it is highly sensitive to temperature and may introduce variations in the output resulting into errors in the reading. This paper proposes a readout integrated circuit (ROIC) for temperature compensation of an ISFET based pH sensor. The resistor present in the bridge works as a thermistor and helps in stabilizing the output. The test circuit is simulated using LTSpice. The analysis is done for a temperature range of 0 − 50°C and pH range of 5.5 to 14 respectively. The performance analysis has been presented with four different type of sensing films i.e. SiO2, Al2O3, Ta2O3 and Si3N4. The proposed circuit gave optimum results, wherein a constant output voltage is achieved throughout the temperature range 0 − 50°C with sensitivity less than 56.33mV/pH. The proposed circuit has been briefly compared with the existing circuits.
{"title":"Temperature Compensation Circuit for ISFET based pH Sensor","authors":"Neelu Tiwari, Pankaj Gupta","doi":"10.1109/SPIN52536.2021.9566148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SPIN52536.2021.9566148","url":null,"abstract":"The ion sensitive field effect transistor (ISFET) are being utilized in pH sensor technology to sense pH values. However, it is highly sensitive to temperature and may introduce variations in the output resulting into errors in the reading. This paper proposes a readout integrated circuit (ROIC) for temperature compensation of an ISFET based pH sensor. The resistor present in the bridge works as a thermistor and helps in stabilizing the output. The test circuit is simulated using LTSpice. The analysis is done for a temperature range of 0 − 50°C and pH range of 5.5 to 14 respectively. The performance analysis has been presented with four different type of sensing films i.e. SiO2, Al2O3, Ta2O3 and Si3N4. The proposed circuit gave optimum results, wherein a constant output voltage is achieved throughout the temperature range 0 − 50°C with sensitivity less than 56.33mV/pH. The proposed circuit has been briefly compared with the existing circuits.","PeriodicalId":343177,"journal":{"name":"2021 8th International Conference on Signal Processing and Integrated Networks (SPIN)","volume":"15 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114025885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-26DOI: 10.1109/SPIN52536.2021.9566082
Vishal Sharma, A. Roy, T. Raj
Now a days, Internet of Things (IoT) technology is becoming popular worldwide due to the increasing awareness to connect multifarious objects via internet in a pragmatic manner. IoT technology is constantly playing a key role in effective and pragmatic management of numerous assets of smart city as demanded in modern world. The principal objective of this investigation is to examine the scalability as well as performance measurement of LoRa (Long Range) network for the smart city using IoT. Furthermore, this research contributes to determine maximum sensors that are integrated in smart city model to control and mange various assets in less power consumption. The motive behind this investigation was to measure LoRa networks scalability, considering multifarious factors namely packets payload sizes, spreading factors, total nodes as well as parameters of the duty cycle. The investigational outcomes disclose that highest LoRa sensors which may converse on same network are 1600.
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