This paper quantifies the effect of state privacy regulation on the diffusion of electronic medical records (EMRs). EMRs allow medical providers to store and exchange patient information using computers rather than paper records. Hospitals may be more likely to adopt EMRs if they can reassure patients that their confidentiality is legally protected. Alternatively, privacy protection may inhibit adoption if hospitals cannot benefit from easily exchanging patient information. We find that state privacy regulation restricting hospital release of health information reduces aggregate EMR adoption by hospitals by more than 24%. We present evidence that suggests that this is due to the suppression of network externalities.
{"title":"Privacy Protection and Technology Diffusion: The Case of Electronic Medical Records","authors":"Amalia R. Miller, Catherine Tucker","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.960233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.960233","url":null,"abstract":"This paper quantifies the effect of state privacy regulation on the diffusion of electronic medical records (EMRs). EMRs allow medical providers to store and exchange patient information using computers rather than paper records. Hospitals may be more likely to adopt EMRs if they can reassure patients that their confidentiality is legally protected. Alternatively, privacy protection may inhibit adoption if hospitals cannot benefit from easily exchanging patient information. We find that state privacy regulation restricting hospital release of health information reduces aggregate EMR adoption by hospitals by more than 24%. We present evidence that suggests that this is due to the suppression of network externalities.","PeriodicalId":343564,"journal":{"name":"Economics of Networks","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125466768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Indirect reciprocity is an important factor that motivates individual contributions in social networks. However, prior studies of indirect reciprocity are often limited to a snapshot view of individual interactions in social environments. This paper analyzes indirect reciprocity from a dynamic perspective in the context of a peer-to-peer music sharing network. We have two main findings. First, we reveal that indirect reciprocity is a dynamic social force. An individual's likelihood of contribution changes with the social environment, particularly with others' contribution levels in the network. The individual increases her contribution probability when she observes an increase in the number of contributors while decreases her contribution probability when she observes an increase in the number of free riders. Second, we find that indirect reciprocity is a social norm that is voluntarily enforced by contributors in the network. They do so through the setting of servers to discriminate downloaders. When the number of free riders increases, a contributor is more likely to change the server settings to provide preferential services to other contributors and lesser services to free riders. Our results indicate that indirect reciprocity plays a key role in sustaining private contributions to social networks.
{"title":"Indirect Reciprocity in Online Social Networks - A Longitudinal Analysis of Individual Contributions and Peer Enforcement in a Peer-to-Peer Music Sharing Network","authors":"B. Gu, Yun Huang, Wenjing Duan, Andrew Whinston","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1327759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1327759","url":null,"abstract":"Indirect reciprocity is an important factor that motivates individual contributions in social networks. However, prior studies of indirect reciprocity are often limited to a snapshot view of individual interactions in social environments. This paper analyzes indirect reciprocity from a dynamic perspective in the context of a peer-to-peer music sharing network. We have two main findings. First, we reveal that indirect reciprocity is a dynamic social force. An individual's likelihood of contribution changes with the social environment, particularly with others' contribution levels in the network. The individual increases her contribution probability when she observes an increase in the number of contributors while decreases her contribution probability when she observes an increase in the number of free riders. Second, we find that indirect reciprocity is a social norm that is voluntarily enforced by contributors in the network. They do so through the setting of servers to discriminate downloaders. When the number of free riders increases, a contributor is more likely to change the server settings to provide preferential services to other contributors and lesser services to free riders. Our results indicate that indirect reciprocity plays a key role in sustaining private contributions to social networks.","PeriodicalId":343564,"journal":{"name":"Economics of Networks","volume":"24 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132500786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wellman's networked individualism suggests a social shift from group-oriented interactions to more person-to-person contact. He contends that this shift is associated with a rise in person-to-person media and individually tailored use of such media. I analyze this claim using data collected by Wellman and colleagues in Toronto, Canada. The analysis reveals that there is significant heterogeneity in both network structure and media use. However, using both conventional and novel metrics for this heterogeneity, I demonstrate that person-to-person media behaviors are not significantly associated with differences in network structure. As such, while we may think of their being networked individualistic structures and networked individualistic practices, these two are not mutually constitutive.
{"title":"From Each According to Media? Testing Wellman's Theory of Networked Individualism","authors":"B. Hogan","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1331009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1331009","url":null,"abstract":"Wellman's networked individualism suggests a social shift from group-oriented interactions to more person-to-person contact. He contends that this shift is associated with a rise in person-to-person media and individually tailored use of such media. I analyze this claim using data collected by Wellman and colleagues in Toronto, Canada. The analysis reveals that there is significant heterogeneity in both network structure and media use. However, using both conventional and novel metrics for this heterogeneity, I demonstrate that person-to-person media behaviors are not significantly associated with differences in network structure. As such, while we may think of their being networked individualistic structures and networked individualistic practices, these two are not mutually constitutive.","PeriodicalId":343564,"journal":{"name":"Economics of Networks","volume":"238 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122457815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Berghammer, A. Rusinowska, Harrie C. M. de Swart
We present an application of relation algebra to measure agents' 'strength' in a social network with influence between agents. In particular, we deal with power, success, and influence of an agent as measured by the generalized Hoede-Bakker index and its modifications, and by the influence indices. We also apply relation algebra to determine followers of a coalition and the kernel of an influence function. This leads to specifications, which can be executed with the help of the BDD-based tool RelView after a simple translation into the tool's programming language. As an example we consider the present Dutch parliament.
{"title":"Applying Relation Algebra and Relview to Measures in a Social Network","authors":"R. Berghammer, A. Rusinowska, Harrie C. M. de Swart","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1334123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1334123","url":null,"abstract":"We present an application of relation algebra to measure agents' 'strength' in a social network with influence between agents. In particular, we deal with power, success, and influence of an agent as measured by the generalized Hoede-Bakker index and its modifications, and by the influence indices. We also apply relation algebra to determine followers of a coalition and the kernel of an influence function. This leads to specifications, which can be executed with the help of the BDD-based tool RelView after a simple translation into the tool's programming language. As an example we consider the present Dutch parliament.","PeriodicalId":343564,"journal":{"name":"Economics of Networks","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114153942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Understanding and measuring social inter-correlations among consumers are important for marketing researchers as consumers form social networks and their behavior and preference are likely to be interdependent. In this paper, we show that the estimation of consumers' social inter-correlations can be significantly affected by the sampling method used for the study and the topology of the consumers' social network. Specifically, from the estimations results of a spatial model on 14,400 simulated data sets generated with various sampling procedures and network topology, we find that the magnitude of social inter-correlations in consumer networks tend to be underestimated if samples of the networks are taken for conducting the estimations. We further demonstrate that snowball sampling performs better than simple random sampling in estimating the magnitude of social inter-correlations, but the advantage of snowball sampling over simple random sampling reduces in networks characterized with the scale-free power-law distribution for the number of connections of each member. In general, the downward bias in the estimation of social inter-correlations worsens in networks following the scale-free power-law degree distribution when snowball sampling is used. We also discuss the intuitions behind those findings as well as the implications and limitations of them in the paper.
{"title":"The Impact of Sampling and Network Topology on the Estimation of Social Inter-Correlations","authors":"Yuxin Chen, Xinlei Chen","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1319699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1319699","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding and measuring social inter-correlations among consumers are important for marketing researchers as consumers form social networks and their behavior and preference are likely to be interdependent. In this paper, we show that the estimation of consumers' social inter-correlations can be significantly affected by the sampling method used for the study and the topology of the consumers' social network. Specifically, from the estimations results of a spatial model on 14,400 simulated data sets generated with various sampling procedures and network topology, we find that the magnitude of social inter-correlations in consumer networks tend to be underestimated if samples of the networks are taken for conducting the estimations. We further demonstrate that snowball sampling performs better than simple random sampling in estimating the magnitude of social inter-correlations, but the advantage of snowball sampling over simple random sampling reduces in networks characterized with the scale-free power-law distribution for the number of connections of each member. In general, the downward bias in the estimation of social inter-correlations worsens in networks following the scale-free power-law degree distribution when snowball sampling is used. We also discuss the intuitions behind those findings as well as the implications and limitations of them in the paper.","PeriodicalId":343564,"journal":{"name":"Economics of Networks","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126699266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Social Network Sites (SNS) are a part of everyday social activity for millions around the world (boyd and Ellison, 2007). Sites vary in their affordances, audiences and scope. While some sites cater to specific interest group audiences and 'niche' networks, others, such as Facebook, LinkedIn and MySpace are designed to be general purpose 'social utilities'. Are these sites in fact general purpose social utilities? If so, we should expect to find not only an overlap between the pre-existing personal network and the Facebook network, but also a logic that can connect the two. At present, a host of studies are emerging that take Facebook networks as a stand-in for the 'real' social networks of individuals. The study of community structure through Facebook is meant to signify actual community structure (Traud, Kelsic, Mucha, and Porter, 2008). The study of taste on Facebook is meant to signify actual differences and clusters in taste (Lewis, Kaufman, Gonzalez, Wimmer, and Christakis, 2008). These studies, by virtue of their research design, do not actually measure or examine the personal network. Instead, they capture a slice of Facebook's database and assert that for the group in question (generally college students), it is a reliable proxy for the network of active ties. However, if we are to continue down this road, it is important to connect these networks to the pre-existing studies of personal networks and networking. This enables researchers to leverage past insights on personal networks (such as theories of foci, closure, multiplexity and so forth, c.f., Fischer, 1982) and because it is an important validity check on these online networks. This paper is a research outline and a preliminary quantitative autoanalysis of the relationship between the personal network and one's Facebook network. Insofar as Facebook is the most popular social utility for individuals in the United Kingdom and Canada, it is an ideal candidate to examine how personal networks manifest themselves online (or to the extent that they do so).
社交网站(SNS)是世界各地数百万人日常社交活动的一部分(boyd和Ellison, 2007)。网站的功能、受众和范围各不相同。虽然有些网站迎合特定兴趣群体的受众和“利基”网络，但其他网站，如Facebook、LinkedIn和MySpace，旨在成为通用的“社交工具”。这些网站实际上是通用的社会公用事业吗?如果是这样的话，我们不仅可以在现有的个人网络和Facebook网络之间找到重叠，而且还可以找到将两者连接起来的逻辑。目前，许多研究都将Facebook网络作为个人“真实”社交网络的替代品。通过Facebook对社区结构的研究是为了反映实际的社区结构(Traud, Kelsic, Mucha, and Porter, 2008)。对Facebook上的味道的研究是为了表明味道的实际差异和集群(Lewis, Kaufman, Gonzalez, Wimmer, and Christakis, 2008)。这些研究，由于其研究设计，并没有实际测量或检查个人网络。相反，他们获取了Facebook数据库的一小部分，并断言，对于所讨论的群体(通常是大学生)，它是活跃关系网络的可靠代理。然而，如果我们要继续沿着这条路走下去，将这些网络与已有的个人网络和网络研究联系起来是很重要的。这使研究人员能够利用过去对个人网络的见解(如焦点、封闭、多样性等理论，c.f. Fischer, 1982)，因为这是对这些在线网络的重要有效性检查。本文是对个人网络和Facebook网络之间关系的研究大纲和初步定量分析。鉴于Facebook是英国和加拿大最受个人欢迎的社交工具，它是检验个人网络如何在网上表现自己(或在某种程度上如此)的理想候选者。
{"title":"A Comparison of On and Offline Networks through the Facebook API","authors":"B. Hogan","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1331029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1331029","url":null,"abstract":"Social Network Sites (SNS) are a part of everyday social activity for millions around the world (boyd and Ellison, 2007). Sites vary in their affordances, audiences and scope. While some sites cater to specific interest group audiences and 'niche' networks, others, such as Facebook, LinkedIn and MySpace are designed to be general purpose 'social utilities'. Are these sites in fact general purpose social utilities? If so, we should expect to find not only an overlap between the pre-existing personal network and the Facebook network, but also a logic that can connect the two. At present, a host of studies are emerging that take Facebook networks as a stand-in for the 'real' social networks of individuals. The study of community structure through Facebook is meant to signify actual community structure (Traud, Kelsic, Mucha, and Porter, 2008). The study of taste on Facebook is meant to signify actual differences and clusters in taste (Lewis, Kaufman, Gonzalez, Wimmer, and Christakis, 2008). These studies, by virtue of their research design, do not actually measure or examine the personal network. Instead, they capture a slice of Facebook's database and assert that for the group in question (generally college students), it is a reliable proxy for the network of active ties. However, if we are to continue down this road, it is important to connect these networks to the pre-existing studies of personal networks and networking. This enables researchers to leverage past insights on personal networks (such as theories of foci, closure, multiplexity and so forth, c.f., Fischer, 1982) and because it is an important validity check on these online networks. This paper is a research outline and a preliminary quantitative autoanalysis of the relationship between the personal network and one's Facebook network. Insofar as Facebook is the most popular social utility for individuals in the United Kingdom and Canada, it is an ideal candidate to examine how personal networks manifest themselves online (or to the extent that they do so).","PeriodicalId":343564,"journal":{"name":"Economics of Networks","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117291670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E-commerce is extensively used in all types of business, including manufacturing companies, retail stores, and service firms. This paper reviews prior research, examines the origins of e-commerce, identifies e-risks, describes retail trade on the Internet, defines virtual business, identifies aspects of website design, and describes types of cybercrime that hamper e-commerce. E-commerce has made business processes more reliable and efficient. Participating in e-commerce is essential for businesses to be able to market their products and services in the global marketplace.
{"title":"An Analysis of E-Commerce: E-Risk, Global Trade, and Cybercrime","authors":"K. Smith","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1315423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1315423","url":null,"abstract":"E-commerce is extensively used in all types of business, including manufacturing companies, retail stores, and service firms. This paper reviews prior research, examines the origins of e-commerce, identifies e-risks, describes retail trade on the Internet, defines virtual business, identifies aspects of website design, and describes types of cybercrime that hamper e-commerce. E-commerce has made business processes more reliable and efficient. Participating in e-commerce is essential for businesses to be able to market their products and services in the global marketplace.","PeriodicalId":343564,"journal":{"name":"Economics of Networks","volume":"2016 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127274858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The knowledge base of an organization is considered its intellectual capital, and is increasingly emphasized as a vital source of competitive advantage. Engineering, managing, and leveraging knowledge (individual-, group-, and organizational-level knowledge) are becoming strategic activities in many organizations for achieving competitive advantage.In this context, building organizational capabilities to acquire, create, and disseminate knowledge on a continual basis has become a key challenge for strategy and organizational design experts. While the research and practice in this regard has focused extensively on Information Technology (IT) capabilities for building knowledge communities, the process dimension of learning, knowledge creation, and dissemination has received less attention.This paper articulates the need for cultivating the various learning as well as sociocognitive routines to create and leverage knowledge and suggests how this approach would help formulate better strategies and enhance employees' commitment.This article also highlights the importance of a dynamic approach to managing organizational cognition, a critical factor in organization survival. We further discuss the implications for strategic management and organization development practices.
{"title":"Minding the Cognition: Toward a Strategic Knowledge Management for Competitive Advantage","authors":"Senthilkumar Muthusamy","doi":"10.1002/JSC.822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/JSC.822","url":null,"abstract":"The knowledge base of an organization is considered its intellectual capital, and is increasingly emphasized as a vital source of competitive advantage. Engineering, managing, and leveraging knowledge (individual-, group-, and organizational-level knowledge) are becoming strategic activities in many organizations for achieving competitive advantage.In this context, building organizational capabilities to acquire, create, and disseminate knowledge on a continual basis has become a key challenge for strategy and organizational design experts. While the research and practice in this regard has focused extensively on Information Technology (IT) capabilities for building knowledge communities, the process dimension of learning, knowledge creation, and dissemination has received less attention.This paper articulates the need for cultivating the various learning as well as sociocognitive routines to create and leverage knowledge and suggests how this approach would help formulate better strategies and enhance employees' commitment.This article also highlights the importance of a dynamic approach to managing organizational cognition, a critical factor in organization survival. We further discuss the implications for strategic management and organization development practices.","PeriodicalId":343564,"journal":{"name":"Economics of Networks","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124050549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-12-01DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-0106.2008.00422.x
Shuntian Yao, Ke Li
In this paper we discuss finite economies with the presence of transaction costs and with decreasing, constant or increasing returns. In general such an economy may have no general equilibrium existence and may even have an empty core. We analyse the trading networks of such an economy, introducing the concepts of locally stable network structure, un-dominated locally stable network structures and most stable network structures. We point out that the set of most stable network structures could be treated as a solution concept for the empty core economies both in theoretical analysis and in application. Copyright 2008 The Authors. Journal compilation 2008 Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd
{"title":"Economic Networking and Stability","authors":"Shuntian Yao, Ke Li","doi":"10.1111/j.1468-0106.2008.00422.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0106.2008.00422.x","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we discuss finite economies with the presence of transaction costs and with decreasing, constant or increasing returns. In general such an economy may have no general equilibrium existence and may even have an empty core. We analyse the trading networks of such an economy, introducing the concepts of locally stable network structure, un-dominated locally stable network structures and most stable network structures. We point out that the set of most stable network structures could be treated as a solution concept for the empty core economies both in theoretical analysis and in application. Copyright 2008 The Authors. Journal compilation 2008 Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd","PeriodicalId":343564,"journal":{"name":"Economics of Networks","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129243444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Libraries tend to be associated with books, but in practice they have lent a variety of media to meet the interests and media practices of their users. Early in the twentieth century, public libraries circulated images, e.g. photographs, prints, and lantern slides. They also lent music scores and player piano rolls. Early in the twenty-first century, audio recordings and video disks account for roughly 25% of public libraries' total circulation. Libraries have adapted to media change in the past and they are likely to continue to adapt to media change in the future.
{"title":"Non-Book Items in U.S. Public Libraries","authors":"Douglas A. Galbi","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.1309324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.1309324","url":null,"abstract":"Libraries tend to be associated with books, but in practice they have lent a variety of media to meet the interests and media practices of their users. Early in the twentieth century, public libraries circulated images, e.g. photographs, prints, and lantern slides. They also lent music scores and player piano rolls. Early in the twenty-first century, audio recordings and video disks account for roughly 25% of public libraries' total circulation. Libraries have adapted to media change in the past and they are likely to continue to adapt to media change in the future.","PeriodicalId":343564,"journal":{"name":"Economics of Networks","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127787984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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