Pub Date : 2021-10-28DOI: 10.22378/kio.2021.2.33-72
Amet-han Sheykhumerov
On the climax of the battleunder Berestechko (June 30, 1651) the Crimean Tatars fled, leaving their allies, the Ukrainian Cossacks, in the battlefield. According to the almost unanimous opinion, the cause of the defeat of the allied forces was the successful actions of the Polish army under the leadership of the king John II Casimir, who dealt the main blow to the Crimean cavalry. Under the enemy`s cannonballs, the Crimeans suffered heavy losses and fled, and khan Islam III Giray himself was nearly killed. But there is no evidence that the Tatars deliberately abandoned the Cossacks.
{"title":"“Treason of the Crimean Khan” in the battle of Berestechko: myths and facts","authors":"Amet-han Sheykhumerov","doi":"10.22378/kio.2021.2.33-72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22378/kio.2021.2.33-72","url":null,"abstract":"On the climax of the battleunder Berestechko (June 30, 1651) the Crimean Tatars fled, leaving their allies, the Ukrainian Cossacks, in the battlefield. According to the almost unanimous opinion, the cause of the defeat of the allied forces was the successful actions of the Polish army under the leadership of the king John II Casimir, who dealt the main blow to the Crimean cavalry. Under the enemy`s cannonballs, the Crimeans suffered heavy losses and fled, and khan Islam III Giray himself was nearly killed. But there is no evidence that the Tatars deliberately abandoned the Cossacks.","PeriodicalId":34588,"journal":{"name":"Krymskoe istoricheskoe obozrenie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48661229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-28DOI: 10.22378/kio.2021.2.134-170
Ismet A. Zaatov
Based on the research results of Russian, Soviet and foreign archaeologists, anthropologists, geneticists and art historians, an attempt has been made to trace the process of formation of the artistic culture and decorative and applied art of descendants, who by the 10th –11th centuries took part in shaping of the Crimean mountain people, the Tats of the Crimea, the ancestors of the ethnographic groups of the modern Crimean Tatar people – the southern coastal and mountain Crimean Tatars, as well as of the Greco-Tatars – the Urums of the Azov region. And also to try to characterize the culture and decorative arts of the aboriginal and immigrant ethnic groups of the Crimean peninsula, who later took part in the process of ancient cultural genesis of the population of the mountainous and southern coastal Crimea. It also shows the initial stage of the process of cultural genesis of the steppe and foothill Crimean Tatars, which was going on parallel to the process of cultural genesis and formation of the artistic culture of the Tats of the mountainous and southern coastal Crimean Tatars.
{"title":"Ethnocultural basis of the formation process of the Crimean Tatar art culture and decorative and applied art (part one)","authors":"Ismet A. Zaatov","doi":"10.22378/kio.2021.2.134-170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22378/kio.2021.2.134-170","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the research results of Russian, Soviet and foreign archaeologists, anthropologists, geneticists and art historians, an attempt has been made to trace the process of formation of the artistic culture and decorative and applied art of descendants, who by the 10th –11th centuries took part in shaping of the Crimean mountain people, the Tats of the Crimea, the ancestors of the ethnographic groups of the modern Crimean Tatar people – the southern coastal and mountain Crimean Tatars, as well as of the Greco-Tatars – the Urums of the Azov region. And also to try to characterize the culture and decorative arts of the aboriginal and immigrant ethnic groups of the Crimean peninsula, who later took part in the process of ancient cultural genesis of the population of the mountainous and southern coastal Crimea. It also shows the initial stage of the process of cultural genesis of the steppe and foothill Crimean Tatars, which was going on parallel to the process of cultural genesis and formation of the artistic culture of the Tats of the mountainous and southern coastal Crimean Tatars.","PeriodicalId":34588,"journal":{"name":"Krymskoe istoricheskoe obozrenie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43177182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-28DOI: 10.22378/kio.2021.2.83-96
A. Emirova
The modern Crimean Tatar literary language as a processed supra-dialectal version of the common language has a long history of formation and development. The foundation of the orthology, the rules for the use of linguistic units in speech, that is, combinations with the other, changes in spelling and pronunciation, were laid in the 20–30s of the last century. The subsequent tragic events (Great Patriotic War, total deportation of the Crimean Tatars and others) delayed the discussion of these problems at the official level for almost half a century. Separate proposals aimed at optimizing the norms of the literary language were made repeatedly in private. So, in the 70s of the last century U. Kukchi in Tashkent read lectures for writers and journalists on the state of the Crimean Tatar literary language, which in 1986 were published in a book format. With the beginning of the process of repatriation of the Crimean Tatars (the end of the 80s of the XX century), interest in the problem of the Crimean Tatar orthology has again intensified. Some of the textbooks published in the 30–40s last century were republished in a modified and supplemented way. In 2010, on the basis of the “Crimean Engineering and Pedagogical University” a draft of the spelling and pronunciation rules was developed and published using the new Latin alphabet. In the Crimean Tatar linguistics there is still no complete and correct set of different types of norms of the Crimean Tatar literary language. All the existing rules in new socio-political conditions are not legitimate.
{"title":"Formation of the system of orthology of the Crimean Tatar literary language","authors":"A. Emirova","doi":"10.22378/kio.2021.2.83-96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22378/kio.2021.2.83-96","url":null,"abstract":"The modern Crimean Tatar literary language as a processed supra-dialectal version of the common language has a long history of formation and development. The foundation of the orthology, the rules for the use of linguistic units in speech, that is, combinations with the other, changes in spelling and pronunciation, were laid in the 20–30s of the last century. The subsequent tragic events (Great Patriotic War, total deportation of the Crimean Tatars and others) delayed the discussion of these problems at the official level for almost half a century. Separate proposals aimed at optimizing the norms of the literary language were made repeatedly in private. So, in the 70s of the last century U. Kukchi in Tashkent read lectures for writers and journalists on the state of the Crimean Tatar literary language, which in 1986 were published in a book format. With the beginning of the process of repatriation of the Crimean Tatars (the end of the 80s of the XX century), interest in the problem of the Crimean Tatar orthology has again intensified. Some of the textbooks published in the 30–40s last century were republished in a modified and supplemented way. In 2010, on the basis of the “Crimean Engineering and Pedagogical University” a draft of the spelling and pronunciation rules was developed and published using the new Latin alphabet. In the Crimean Tatar linguistics there is still no complete and correct set of different types of norms of the Crimean Tatar literary language. All the existing rules in new socio-political conditions are not legitimate.","PeriodicalId":34588,"journal":{"name":"Krymskoe istoricheskoe obozrenie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41990704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-28DOI: 10.22378/kio.2021.2.115-133
N. V. Bekirov, Farit N. Shakurov
The usual Crimean studies have formulated a concept of lack of the genesis of traditional Crimean culture due to its approach to an ethnic history of Crimea as a replacement of a number of various and distinguished substituting ethnic groups with neither biogenetic nor cultural and linguistic continuity between them. That point was artificially implanted by the political reasons as a scientific pseudo-justification of the en-masse deportation of some Indigenous Peoples of Crimea and Northern Caucasus realized by the Soviet Power in 1940s. However, the attentive studying of the historical process in Crimea during the thousands of the years, inevitably leads to the conclusions that there were not series of total genocides among ethnic groups populating the territory of the Crimea in different times. Despite of military clashes, invasions, periodical conquests, the very natural and geographical conditions of the peninsula predetermined the inevitable involvement of different ethnic groups in economic, cultural, political, and biogenetic, and eventually even kinship relations. This was main way how a new stage of Crimean culture and inhabitants was being formed during centuries. This was the fundamental tendency of the genesis of the traditional Crimean culture and indigenous peoples of the Crimea, mainly formed by the end of the 18th century. The mechanism of the impact of these factors and the resulting matrix of interaction between the “local” and “newcomer” ethnic groups in the Crimea is analyzed in this article.
{"title":"The influenceof the natural and geographical specifics of Crimea on the formation of some characteristic features of traditional Crimean culture: matrix of interaction between: “Local” and “Alien” ethnic groups on the peninsula","authors":"N. V. Bekirov, Farit N. Shakurov","doi":"10.22378/kio.2021.2.115-133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22378/kio.2021.2.115-133","url":null,"abstract":"The usual Crimean studies have formulated a concept of lack of the genesis of traditional Crimean culture due to its approach to an ethnic history of Crimea as a replacement of a number of various and distinguished substituting ethnic groups with neither biogenetic nor cultural and linguistic continuity between them. That point was artificially implanted by the political reasons as a scientific pseudo-justification of the en-masse deportation of some Indigenous Peoples of Crimea and Northern Caucasus realized by the Soviet Power in 1940s. However, the attentive studying of the historical process in Crimea during the thousands of the years, inevitably leads to the conclusions that there were not series of total genocides among ethnic groups populating the territory of the Crimea in different times. Despite of military clashes, invasions, periodical conquests, the very natural and geographical conditions of the peninsula predetermined the inevitable involvement of different ethnic groups in economic, cultural, political, and biogenetic, and eventually even kinship relations. This was main way how a new stage of Crimean culture and inhabitants was being formed during centuries. This was the fundamental tendency of the genesis of the traditional Crimean culture and indigenous peoples of the Crimea, mainly formed by the end of the 18th century. The mechanism of the impact of these factors and the resulting matrix of interaction between the “local” and “newcomer” ethnic groups in the Crimea is analyzed in this article.","PeriodicalId":34588,"journal":{"name":"Krymskoe istoricheskoe obozrenie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44994976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-28DOI: 10.22378/kio.2021.2.8-19
E. Osmanov
The city of Bakhchisarai turned into a district town in the Tauride province after the annexation of the Crimea to the Russian Empire. This article analyzes the picture of urban life, including the dynamics of population growth, an increase in the number of religious and educational institutions, based on archival materials and statistics. Crimean Tatars supported the local traditions of craft production, based on the use of local and partly imported raw materials. Handicraft workshops and trade shops defined the trade and handicraft character of the eastern Islamic city. After the annexation of the Crimea to Russia the city’s industry has developed rapidly, the number of townspeople grew. The rates of development of trade and industrial establishments of Bakhchisarai are demonstrated, the specialization of the former capital as a trade and craft center is shown, on the basis of statistical collections. The city of Bakhchisarai gradually integrated into the economic, cultural and economic space of the Russian Empire.
{"title":"Statistical information on the socio-economic development of Bakhchisarai at the end of the 18th – beginning of the 20th centuries","authors":"E. Osmanov","doi":"10.22378/kio.2021.2.8-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22378/kio.2021.2.8-19","url":null,"abstract":"The city of Bakhchisarai turned into a district town in the Tauride province after the annexation of the Crimea to the Russian Empire. This article analyzes the picture of urban life, including the dynamics of population growth, an increase in the number of religious and educational institutions, based on archival materials and statistics. Crimean Tatars supported the local traditions of craft production, based on the use of local and partly imported raw materials. Handicraft workshops and trade shops defined the trade and handicraft character of the eastern Islamic city. After the annexation of the Crimea to Russia the city’s industry has developed rapidly, the number of townspeople grew. The rates of development of trade and industrial establishments of Bakhchisarai are demonstrated, the specialization of the former capital as a trade and craft center is shown, on the basis of statistical collections. The city of Bakhchisarai gradually integrated into the economic, cultural and economic space of the Russian Empire.","PeriodicalId":34588,"journal":{"name":"Krymskoe istoricheskoe obozrenie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41620868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.22378/kio.2021.1.220-227
R. Abduzhemilev
Recently, a new source on the history of Crimean Khanate and the Golden Horde has received open access for the scientific world. The digitized manuscript is dated 1701 and has the title “Résumé de l’histoire de Crimée” des origines, sous les Abbassides, à Mengli Giray (870/1465) (“The summary of the Crimea’s history” from its origins, under the Abbasids, to Mengli Geray, 870/1465). The location of the manuscript is the University Library of Languages and Civilizations (Bibliothèque universitaire des langues et civilizations). The source is presented in the collection of the Ottoman Turkish manuscripts (Fonds de manuscrits turcs ottomans) under the code MS.TURC.110g.
最近，一份关于克里米亚汗国和金帐汗国历史的新资料已经向科学界开放。这份数字化手稿的日期为1701年，标题为“rsamsum de l 'histoire de crimmes”des origins, sous les Abbassides, Mengli Giray(870/1465)(“克里米亚历史摘要”，从阿巴斯王朝的起源到Mengli Geray, 870/1465)。手稿的位置是大学语言与文明图书馆(biblioth universitaire des Languages et Civilizations)。资料来源载于奥斯曼土耳其手稿集(Fonds de manuscrits turcs ottomans)，代码为MS.TURC.110g。
{"title":"The summary of the Crimea`s history from its origins, under the Abbasids, to Mengli Geray (870/1465). Part 1","authors":"R. Abduzhemilev","doi":"10.22378/kio.2021.1.220-227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22378/kio.2021.1.220-227","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, a new source on the history of Crimean Khanate and the Golden Horde has received open access for the scientific world. The digitized manuscript is dated 1701 and has the title “Résumé de l’histoire de Crimée” des origines, sous les Abbassides, à Mengli Giray (870/1465) (“The summary of the Crimea’s history” from its origins, under the Abbasids, to Mengli Geray, 870/1465). The location of the manuscript is the University Library of Languages and Civilizations (Bibliothèque universitaire des langues et civilizations). The source is presented in the collection of the Ottoman Turkish manuscripts (Fonds de manuscrits turcs ottomans) under the code MS.TURC.110g.","PeriodicalId":34588,"journal":{"name":"Krymskoe istoricheskoe obozrenie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43517788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.22378/kio.2021.1.83-94
Selim Chazbijewicz, M. Olsztyn, Mirlan A. Namatov, Nurlan Namatov
This article is a translation from Polish of the scientific work of the Polish historian of the Crimean Tatar origin Selim Chazbijewicz “Khan Jelaleddin and the Tatars at the Battle of Grunwald”. It examines the role of the Tatar cavalry and the significance of the Battle of Grunwald for Poland and Lithuania. The Tatars played a special role in the military history of Poland and Lithuania in the XII–XIV centuries. Their ubiquitous presence in wars and battles in Eastern Europe was well known to their contemporaries, who perfectly understood that without their military assistance, no belligerent side could claim victory over its opponents. Their decisive role in battles can be explained mainly by their use of nomadic light cavalry, which was practically invincible in those centuries. The Battle of Grunwald took place on July 15, 1410 during the Polish-Lithuanian-Teutonic War. The union of the crown of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, headed by King Vladislav II Jagaila and Grand Duke Vytautas, finally defeated the German-Prussian knights of the Teutonic Order, headed by Grand Master Ulrich von Jungingen. Most of the leaders of the Teutonic Knights were killed or taken prisoner. The Teutonic Order will never regain its former power again, the financial burden of war reparations caused internal conflicts and economic recession in the territories under their control. The battle altered the balance of power in Central and Eastern Europe and heralded the rise of the Polish-Lithuanian alliance as the dominant political and military power in the region.
{"title":"Khan Jelaleddin and the Tatars at the Battle of Grunwald","authors":"Selim Chazbijewicz, M. Olsztyn, Mirlan A. Namatov, Nurlan Namatov","doi":"10.22378/kio.2021.1.83-94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22378/kio.2021.1.83-94","url":null,"abstract":"This article is a translation from Polish of the scientific work of the Polish historian of the Crimean Tatar origin Selim Chazbijewicz “Khan Jelaleddin and the Tatars at the Battle of Grunwald”. It examines the role of the Tatar cavalry and the significance of the Battle of Grunwald for Poland and Lithuania. The Tatars played a special role in the military history of Poland and Lithuania in the XII–XIV centuries. Their ubiquitous presence in wars and battles in Eastern Europe was well known to their contemporaries, who perfectly understood that without their military assistance, no belligerent side could claim victory over its opponents. Their decisive role in battles can be explained mainly by their use of nomadic light cavalry, which was practically invincible in those centuries. The Battle of Grunwald took place on July 15, 1410 during the Polish-Lithuanian-Teutonic War. The union of the crown of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, headed by King Vladislav II Jagaila and Grand Duke Vytautas, finally defeated the German-Prussian knights of the Teutonic Order, headed by Grand Master Ulrich von Jungingen. Most of the leaders of the Teutonic Knights were killed or taken prisoner. The Teutonic Order will never regain its former power again, the financial burden of war reparations caused internal conflicts and economic recession in the territories under their control. The battle altered the balance of power in Central and Eastern Europe and heralded the rise of the Polish-Lithuanian alliance as the dominant political and military power in the region.","PeriodicalId":34588,"journal":{"name":"Krymskoe istoricheskoe obozrenie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45219365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.22378/kio.2021.1.21-50
A. Morozov, Independent Researcher
The date of accession of Devlet Girey I to the throne in the Crimea as a result of the coup d’état , inspired by the Ottoman government, is specified in the article. As a review of domestic and foreign studies on this issue shows, the generally accepted dating of this event as in 1551 was largely formed due to the uncritical perception of Turkish chronicle`s narrative. A more careful analysis, considering data from the Russian chronicles and ambassadorial books, allows us to date the arrival of Devlet Girey I to power as in autumn of 1550. Aditionally, the connection of this event with the fall of Kazan and its impact on the geopolitical situation in Eastern Europe is discussed.
{"title":"On the guestion of dating the seizure of power in the Crimea by Devlet Girey I","authors":"A. Morozov, Independent Researcher","doi":"10.22378/kio.2021.1.21-50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22378/kio.2021.1.21-50","url":null,"abstract":"The date of accession of Devlet Girey I to the throne in the Crimea as a result of the coup d’état , inspired by the Ottoman government, is specified in the article. As a review of domestic and foreign studies on this issue shows, the generally accepted dating of this event as in 1551 was largely formed due to the uncritical perception of Turkish chronicle`s narrative. A more careful analysis, considering data from the Russian chronicles and ambassadorial books, allows us to date the arrival of Devlet Girey I to power as in autumn of 1550. Aditionally, the connection of this event with the fall of Kazan and its impact on the geopolitical situation in Eastern Europe is discussed.","PeriodicalId":34588,"journal":{"name":"Krymskoe istoricheskoe obozrenie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45995848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.22378/kio.2021.1.118-137
Ismail A. Kerimov
The article discusses the issue of the new methodology “Usul-i- jedit” (“New methods of teaching reading and writing”), developed by I. Gasprinsky at the very beginning of 1880 in the Crimean Tatar primary schools. It traces the spread of “Usul-i-jedit” in Muslim schools of Volga region, Caucasus, Central Asia, Turkey, Iran, India and other regions. It shows how the reforms of the educational system of that time influenced to dynamics and quality of the education. Based on little-known sources, Gasprinsky`s personal contribution to the development of the educational process in Muslim countries is reflected.
{"title":"Gasprinsky`s new teaching method","authors":"Ismail A. Kerimov","doi":"10.22378/kio.2021.1.118-137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22378/kio.2021.1.118-137","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the issue of the new methodology “Usul-i- jedit” (“New methods of teaching reading and writing”), developed by I. Gasprinsky at the very beginning of 1880 in the Crimean Tatar primary schools. It traces the spread of “Usul-i-jedit” in Muslim schools of Volga region, Caucasus, Central Asia, Turkey, Iran, India and other regions. It shows how the reforms of the educational system of that time influenced to dynamics and quality of the education. Based on little-known sources, Gasprinsky`s personal contribution to the development of the educational process in Muslim countries is reflected.","PeriodicalId":34588,"journal":{"name":"Krymskoe istoricheskoe obozrenie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42004495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.22378/KIO.2020.2.214-247
R. Abduzhemilev
The column presents one of the principal narrative sources reflecting the history of the Golden Horde and the Crimean Khanate – the work “Tevarikh-i Desht-i Kiptchak” (“The Chronicle of the Desht-i Kiptchak”, 1638) from under the pen of Abdullah ibn Rizvan. Notwithstanding the presence of works in the scientific literature on this chronicle, they still have a superficial character. The artistic and literary merits of the work have not been fully analyzed. The chronicle is a vivid example of the evolution of the Crimean Ottoman traditions of verbal creativity and chronology, which later gave impetus to the emergence of other universal histories. The text of “Tevarikh-i Desht-i Kiptchak” is given in the original transliteration from two manuscripts (National Library of France S 874 and The Library of Topkapı Palace Museum B 289) and in Russian translation (author of transliteration and translation – R. R. Abduzhemilev). The translation is made up of the combined text from two manuscript copies in the book Ananiasz Zajaczkowski “La Chronique des Steppes Kıptchak Tevarih-i Deşt-ı Qıpçaq du XVIIe siecle” (Warszawa, 1966).
该专栏介绍了反映金帐汗国和克里米亚汗国历史的主要叙事来源之一——阿卜杜拉·伊本·里兹万笔下的作品《Tevarikh-i Desht-i Kiptchak》（《Desht-i Kiptchak编年史》，1638年）。尽管科学文献中有关于这部编年史的著作，但它们仍然具有肤浅的性质。这部作品的艺术和文学价值没有得到充分的分析。该编年史是克里米亚-奥斯曼语言创造力和年表传统演变的生动例子，后来推动了其他普遍历史的出现。“Tevarikh-i Desht-i Kiptchak”的文本有两份手稿的原始音译（法国国家图书馆S 874和托普卡普宫博物馆图书馆B 289）和俄语翻译（音译和翻译作者R.R.Abduzzhemilev）。翻译由Ananiasz Zajaczkowski《草原的历史》（La Chronique des Steppes Kıptchak Tevarih-i Deşt-ıQıpçaq du XVIIe sicle）一书中两份手稿的合并文本组成（Warszawa，1966）。
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