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Use of rpoB gene phylogenetic marker-based distinction of abiotic stress tolerant and plant-growth promoting Bacillus paralicheniformis isolates from their closely related Bacillus licheniformis 利用 rpoB 基因系统发育标记区分耐受非生物胁迫和促进植物生长的副嗜酸性芽孢杆菌与近缘地衣芽孢杆菌分离物
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.21608/nrmj.2024.280135.1508
Mohammed Ajdig, Bahia Rached, Ahlam Mbarki, T. Chouati, C. Talbi, Elmostafa El Fahime, M. Melloul
Bacillus paralicheniformis is a new identified species, which was distinguished from Bacillus licheniformis in 2015 through extensive phylogenomic and phylogenetic analyses. In this context, this study aimed to achieve a clear identification of the active plant-growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) B. paralicheniformis isolates among the closely related B. licheniformis through molecular typing, helping for the development of clearly-identified PGPR isolates to be used as biofertilizers. A total of 15 rhizobacteria were isolated from the olive rhizosphere
地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillus paralicheniformis)是一个新发现的物种,2015年通过广泛的系统发生组和系统发育分析将其与地衣芽孢杆菌区分开来。在此背景下,本研究旨在通过分子分型,在亲缘关系密切的地衣芽孢杆菌(B. licheniformis)中明确鉴定活性植物生长促进根瘤菌(PGPR)B. paralicheniformis分离株,帮助开发明确鉴定的PGPR分离株,以用作生物肥料。从橄榄根瘤菌圈共分离出 15 种根瘤菌
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引用次数: 0
From gut to brain: Deciphering the impact of gut microbiota on neurological health 从肠道到大脑解读肠道微生物群对神经系统健康的影响
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-22 DOI: 10.21608/nrmj.2024.273319.1479
Gopinath R., Arundadhi M., Dhanasezhian A., Thangam G. Sucila
The Gut-Brain Axis is a complex and fascinating concept elucidating the two-way communication between gut microbiota and the central nervous system, encompassing diverse mechanisms with profound implications on neurological health. Situated in the gastrointestinal tract, the gut microbiota, a diverse bacterial community, which communicates with the brain through various processes, including neurotransmitter and neuropeptide synthesis, immune system modulation, and involvement of the vagus nerve. These interactions not only impact digestion but also influence emotions, cognition, and behavior. Recent research has revealed the significant influence of gut microbiota on the neurological health, establishing connections between alterations in the gut microbiota composition and the prevailing conditions such as depression and neurodegenerative diseases. This understanding sheds new light on the pathophysiology of neurological disorders, marking the gut-brain axis as an exciting frontier in neuroscience and medicine. The aims of this study were to investigate and elucidate the intricate interplay between the gut microbiota and neurological health, and exploring the mechanisms of communication along the gut-brain axis. As research progresses, the potential for groundbreaking strategies to prevent and treat the neurological disorders becomes increasingly apparent. This comprehensive review delves into the nuanced world of the gut-brain axis, providing insights into the intricate relationship between the gut and the brain. Additionally, this review delves into potential therapeutic implications, exploring the use of probiotics, prebiotics, and dietary interventions to modulate gut microbiota for enhancement of the neurological well-being.
肠脑轴是一个复杂而迷人的概念,它阐明了肠道微生物群与中枢神经系统之间的双向交流,包括对神经系统健康具有深远影响的各种机制。肠道微生物群位于胃肠道内,是一个多样化的细菌群落,通过各种过程与大脑进行交流,包括神经递质和神经肽的合成、免疫系统调节和迷走神经的参与。这些相互作用不仅影响消化,还影响情绪、认知和行为。最近的研究揭示了肠道微生物群对神经系统健康的重要影响,在肠道微生物群组成的改变与抑郁症和神经退行性疾病等普遍病症之间建立了联系。这一认识为神经系统疾病的病理生理学提供了新的视角,标志着肠道-大脑轴成为神经科学和医学领域令人兴奋的前沿领域。这项研究的目的是调查和阐明肠道微生物群与神经系统健康之间错综复杂的相互作用,并探索肠脑轴的沟通机制。随着研究的深入,预防和治疗神经系统疾病的突破性策略的潜力日益明显。这篇全面的综述深入探讨了肠脑轴的微妙世界,深入剖析了肠道与大脑之间错综复杂的关系。此外,这篇综述还深入探讨了潜在的治疗意义,探讨了如何利用益生菌、益生元和饮食干预来调节肠道微生物群,从而提高神经系统的健康水平。
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引用次数: 0
Association of multiple mutations in NS5A and NS5B genes and resistance to direct-acting antivirals in chronically infected Egyptian patients with Hepatitis C virus Genotype 4a 慢性感染的埃及丙型肝炎病毒基因 4a 型患者 NS5A 和 NS5B 基因的多重突变与直接作用抗病毒药物耐药性的关系
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-21 DOI: 10.21608/nrmj.2024.264515.1425
Gehad M. Mohamed, Ahmed B. Barakat, Marwa M. Gado, Fatma M. Abdallah
Approximately 71 million people worldwide are supposed to have chronic hepatitis C virus (CHCV). New direct-acting antiviral (DAA) medications have been used, which helped successfully in complete treatment of CHCV and achieved a sustained virological response (SVR). However, some patients may acquire HCV resistance to DAAs, which may result in treatments failure. The aim of the present study was to compare among the patients that were experiencing virologic relapse (VR) and SVR in relation to the patterns of NS5A and NS5B genes resistance associated substitutions (RASs) in the chronic HCV infected Egyptian patients, who received Sofosbuvir (SOF) and Daclatasvir (DCV) combination therapy. All patients that were infected by chronic HCV had completed treatment with SOF and DCV combination therapy and were followed up after the end of this treatment. A total of 10 out of 100 serum specimens were collected from the enrolled patients and analyzed, where two and eight specimens were representatives for VR and SVR, respectively. These samples had undergone reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction amplification (RT-PCR) of NS5A and NS5B genes, partially sequenced by the Sanger method, and then analyzed phylogenetically to determine their genetic subtypes and RASs. Finally, SVR was gained in all but two patients who were experiencing VR that carried natural NS5A -RASs at positions L31M and Y93H. They were considered as significant for DCV resistance as well as natural NS5B -RASs (T282S), which represented the main polymorphism for SOF resistance. In this study, a number of mutational combinations in the analyzed NS5A and NS5B genes were identified, which may increase the risk of treatments failure in the patients administered regimens including multiple DAA, compared to the baseline sequences of those patients that were experiencing SVR.
全世界约有 7100 万人患有慢性丙型肝炎病毒(CHCV)。新的直接作用抗病毒(DAA)药物的使用成功地帮助彻底治疗了慢性丙型肝炎病毒,并获得了持续病毒学应答(SVR)。然而,一些患者可能会产生 HCV 对 DAAs 的耐药性,从而导致治疗失败。本研究旨在比较接受索非布韦(Sofosbuvir,SOF)和达卡他韦(Daclatasvir,DCV)联合治疗的埃及慢性丙型肝炎病毒感染者中,病毒学复发(VR)和SVR与NS5A和NS5B基因耐药相关替代(RAS)模式的关系。所有感染慢性丙型肝炎病毒的患者均已完成索非布韦和 DCV 联合疗法的治疗,并在治疗结束后接受了随访。在 100 例入选患者中,共采集了 10 例血清标本并进行了分析,其中 2 例和 8 例标本分别代表 VR 和 SVR。这些样本进行了 NS5A 和 NS5B 基因的反转录聚合酶链反应扩增(RT-PCR),并通过 Sanger 方法进行了部分测序,然后进行了系统发育分析,以确定其基因亚型和 RAS。最后,除两名携带 L31M 和 Y93H 位天然 NS5A -RAS 的 VR 患者外,其他患者均获得了 SVR。这些突变被认为对 DCV 耐药以及天然 NS5B -RAS (T282S)具有重要意义,而天然 NS5B -RAS 是导致 SOF 耐药的主要多态性。本研究在分析的 NS5A 和 NS5B 基因中发现了一些突变组合,与 SVR 患者的基线序列相比,这些突变组合可能会增加接受包括多种 DAA 的治疗方案的患者治疗失败的风险。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the spent coffee extracts and their applications as natural food preservatives of chicken fillets 评估废咖啡提取物的抗氧化和抗菌活性及其作为鸡排天然食品防腐剂的应用
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-04 DOI: 10.21608/nrmj.2024.339900
Ghadir A. El-Chaghaby, Heba A. Shehta, S. Rashad, El-Shaimaa A. Rawash, Heba R. Eid
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the spent coffee extracts and their applications as natural food preservatives of chicken fillets 评估废咖啡提取物的抗氧化和抗菌活性及其作为鸡排天然食品防腐剂的应用
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-04 DOI: 10.21608/nrmj.2024.339900
Ghadir A. El-Chaghaby, Heba A. Shehta, S. Rashad, El-Shaimaa A. Rawash, Heba R. Eid
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引用次数: 0
In-vitro investigation of biofilm-specific resistance and virulence of biofilm-forming uropathogenic Escherichia coli 体外研究形成生物膜的尿路致病性大肠埃希菌的生物膜特异性抗药性和毒力
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-17 DOI: 10.21608/nrmj.2024.336939
Sara A. Alshaikh, T. El-Banna, F. Sonbol, Mahmoud H. Farghali
Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the primary etiologic agent of urinary tract infections (UTIs). This study aimed to investigate the difference in antimicrobial susceptibility of UPEC isolates in the planktonic and biofilm states. Important virulence factors were also evaluated. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined and recorded as 0.5-64 μg/ ml for amikacin, 0.5-64 μg/ ml for cefotaxime, 0.25-64 μg/ ml for cefepime, 0.25-16 μg/ ml for meropenem, and 0.125-32 μg/ ml for ciprofloxacin. Biofilm-specific resistance was assessed using the minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC). The obtained results for MBEC were: 8-512 μg/ ml for amikacin, 32-512 μg/ ml for cefotaxime, 8-512 μg/ ml for cefepime, 4-256 μg/ ml for meropenem, and 4-128 μg/ ml for ciprofloxacin. The virulence factors were evaluated using suitable phenotypic techniques. Our findings revealed a significant enhancement in the antimicrobial resistance after biofilm formation. The MBEC values were higher than the MIC values by 2-128 folds for amikacin, 2-256 folds for cefotaxime, 2-64 folds for cefepime, 8-128 folds for meropenem, and 4-128 folds for ciprofloxacin. The swimming and swarming motilities demonstrated a significant positive correlation ( rs = 0.506, P < 0.001). Protease production analysis revealed a large variation, with the weak biofilm-producing isolates EW2 and EW15 displaying the largest zone diameters of 39 mm and 33 mm; respectively. We have also evaluated the distribution and levels of siderophore production, which were significantly associated with meropenem resistance. Finally, this study underscores the importance of considering biofilm formation in UPEC treatment and emphasizes the need for therapeutics targeting these biofilms.
尿路致病性大肠杆菌(UPEC)是尿路感染(UTI)的主要病原体。本研究旨在调查 UPEC 分离物在浮游状态和生物膜状态下对抗菌药敏感性的差异。研究还评估了重要的毒力因素。阿米卡星的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)为 0.5-64 μg/ ml,头孢他啶为 0.5-64 μg/ ml,头孢吡肟为 0.25-64 μg/ ml,美罗培南为 0.25-16 μg/ ml,环丙沙星为 0.125-32 μg/ ml。生物膜特异性耐药性采用最小生物膜根除浓度(MBEC)进行评估。最低生物膜根除浓度的结果如下阿米卡星为 8-512 微克/毫升,头孢他啶为 32-512 微克/毫升,头孢吡肟为 8-512 微克/毫升,美罗培南为 4-256 微克/毫升,环丙沙星为 4-128 微克/毫升。使用适当的表型技术对毒力因子进行了评估。我们的研究结果表明,生物膜形成后,抗菌药耐药性明显增强。阿米卡星的 MBEC 值比 MIC 值高出 2-128 倍,头孢他啶高出 2-256 倍,头孢吡肟高出 2-64 倍,美罗培南高出 8-128 倍,环丙沙星高出 4-128 倍。游泳和成群运动显示出显著的正相关性(rs = 0.506,P < 0.001)。蛋白酶产量分析表明差异很大,生物膜产量弱的分离物 EW2 和 EW15 显示的最大区域直径分别为 39 毫米和 33 毫米。我们还评估了嗜苷酸盐产生的分布和水平,它们与美罗培南耐药性有显著关联。最后,本研究强调了在治疗 UPEC 时考虑生物膜形成的重要性,并强调了针对这些生物膜的疗法的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
Potentials of the marine microbial enzymes in therapeutics 海洋微生物酶在治疗方面的潜力
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.21608/nrmj.2024.336571
Syeda Sadaf Wajahat
About 70 % of the surface of Earth is covered with oceans and hosts an enormous variety of environmental, biological, and chemical standings. The marine environment consists of a comprehensive range of animals, plants, and microorganisms, which have several benefits in the biotechnological developments. This review aimed to investigate the potentials of using the marine microbial enzymes in therapeutics. The marine microbial species were uncultivable but recently, scientists cultivated certain seawater microbes effectively by a metagenomic technique. Several studies on the marine microbiome are undergoing and it can be assumed that approximately 91 % of the microbial species in the oceans are unidentified. The marine surroundings possess an exclusive environment with inimitable features and become a source of microbes fabricating many biocatalysts with no earthbound analog. The oceanic microbial enzymes have recently been found to be eco-friendly, rapid, inexpensive for construction, and can be used in several industries, including food, fabric, cleansers, medications, chemicals, dairy, biodiesel, and cosmetics. Compared with the mesophilic enzymes, the extremozymes execute a wider range of reactions and can act as natural substitutes for the mesophilic enzymes. The most relevant part of the worldwide economy is the therapeutic industry, whose market value is around 1.1 trillion US $. The enzyme biocatalysis is a prevailing approach that can be implemented in an assortment of industries, and is a more discriminative tool, sustainable, and eco-friendly as compared with the chemical catalysis.
地球表面约有 70% 被海洋覆盖,其中蕴藏着种类繁多的环境、生物和化学物质。海洋环境由种类繁多的动物、植物和微生物组成,对生物技术发展有诸多益处。本综述旨在研究利用海洋微生物酶进行治疗的潜力。海洋微生物物种过去无法培养,但最近科学家通过元基因组技术有效地培养了某些海水微生物。目前正在对海洋微生物组进行多项研究,据推测,海洋中约有 91% 的微生物物种尚未确定。海洋环境具有独一无二的特点,是微生物制造许多地球上没有的生物催化剂的来源。近来发现,海洋微生物酵素具有环保、快速、建造成本低廉等特点,可用于食品、织物、清洁剂、药物、化学品、乳制品、生物柴油和化妆品等多个行业。与嗜中性酶相比,极性酶执行的反应范围更广,可作为嗜中性酶的天然替代品。全球经济中最重要的部分是治疗行业,其市场价值约为 1.1 万亿美元。与化学催化相比,酶生物催化是一种更具辨别力、可持续发展和生态友好的工具。
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引用次数: 0
Complex ecological approach to cystic fibrosis respiratory infections 囊性纤维化呼吸道感染的复杂生态学方法
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-24 DOI: 10.21608/nrmj.2023.327188
Dmitriy V. Alekseev, Artem V. Lyamin, Karim A. Kayumov
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is one of the most common genetic disorders; resulting in a wide variety of complications, including respiratory infections. Such infections are often ineffectively treated within the framework of a classical paradigm of the infectious process. However, little attention is paid to the unique microecological conditions that are formed in CF respiratory tract. This study aimed to exploring the microecological conditions and to finding out how they may influence the pathogenesis of CF infections. These conditions emerge under the influence of local disruptions in the respiratory functions; inflammatory processes, and complicated relations of the individual microorganisms between each other and between the human bodies as their ecological substrates. As a result, microorganisms that are usually safe for the healthy people become extremely dangerous for CF patients; having adapted to a new ecological niche and having got definite resource advantage, which is attributed to the respiratory tract tissue destruction. Additionally, it is still unknown; how do the anaerobic microbes contribute to CF infections, and whether they collaborate with the traditional CF pathogens or compete with them. In this article, we are analyzing CF respiratory infections from the ecological perspective and proposing in our opinion a more comprehensive picture of their pathogenesis.
囊性纤维化(CF)是最常见的遗传疾病之一,会导致多种并发症,包括呼吸道感染。在经典的感染过程范例框架内,此类感染往往得不到有效治疗。然而,人们很少关注 CF 呼吸道中形成的独特微生态条件。本研究旨在探索微生态条件,并找出它们如何影响 CF 感染的发病机制。这些条件是在呼吸功能局部紊乱、炎症过程以及微生物之间和作为其生态基质的人体之间的复杂关系的影响下出现的。因此,通常对健康人来说是安全的微生物,对 CF 患者来说却变得极其危险;这些微生物已经适应了新的生态位,并获得了明确的资源优势,这归因于呼吸道组织的破坏。此外,厌氧微生物是如何导致 CF 感染的,它们是与传统 CF 病原体合作还是相互竞争,目前仍是未知数。在这篇文章中,我们从生态学的角度分析了 CF 呼吸道感染,并提出了我们认为更全面的发病机制。
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引用次数: 0
The antibiofilm activity of purified and characterized mannan from Saccharomyces cerevisiae against multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli 从酿酒酵母中提纯和鉴定的甘露聚糖对耐多药大肠杆菌的抗生物膜活性
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.21608/nrmj.2023.330426
Naam Fadhil Abbas Al-Helli, Jehan Abdul Sattar Salman
Biofilm formation by Escherichia coli presents a major challenge in the clinical settings, resulting in persistent infections and treatment failures. These bacterial communities, protected by a matrix, resist antibiotics and immune responses, thus causing a prolonged challenge to treat such infections. Developing effective strategies against E. coli biofilms is crucial for improving the patient outcomes and reducing the burden on the healthcare systems. This study aimed to extract, purify, and characterize mannan from Saccharomyces cerevisiae , then its antibiofilm activity was evaluated against the multi-drug resistant E. coli (MDR-E. coli ) isolates obtained from various clinical sources ( i.e ., urine, stool, wound, and catheter). Using a standardized protocol with slight modifications, the crude mannan extraction yielded 37.6 %, and subsequent purification achieved an efficiency of 99.6 %. Characterization assays of the purified mannan included FT-IR; FE-SEM, carbohydrate content estimation, solubility, and melting point tests, which revealed the presence of α-1,6 and α-1,2 linked sugars; crystalline nature, high porosity (80 %) carbohydrate content, high solubility in water, and a melting point of 248 °C. The purified mannan exhibited a substantial ability to inhibit biofilm formation (37.50 %) and degrade the existing MDR-E. coli biofilms (37.43 %). These findings underscore the potential of S. cerevisiae mannan as an effective antibiofilm agent for the clinical applications. Further exploration and optimization of the mannan's therapeutic potential are essential to fully leverage its efficacy in combating the biofilm-associated infections caused by MDR-E. coli .
大肠埃希菌形成的生物膜是临床环境中的一大挑战,会导致持续感染和治疗失败。这些受基质保护的细菌群落能抵抗抗生素和免疫反应,因此给治疗此类感染带来了长期挑战。开发针对大肠杆菌生物膜的有效策略对于改善患者治疗效果和减轻医疗系统负担至关重要。本研究旨在从酿酒酵母中提取、纯化和鉴定甘露聚糖,然后评估其对从不同临床来源(如尿液、粪便、伤口和导管)分离的多重耐药大肠杆菌(MDR-E. coli)的抗生物膜活性。采用略加修改的标准化方案,甘露聚糖的粗提取率为 37.6%,随后的纯化效率达到 99.6%。对纯化后的甘露聚糖进行的表征检测包括傅立叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、傅立叶变换扫描电镜(FE-SEM)、碳水化合物含量估算、溶解度和熔点测试,结果表明其含有α-1,6和α-1,2连接糖、结晶性、高孔隙率(80%)、碳水化合物含量、高水溶性和248 °C的熔点。纯化的甘露聚糖具有很强的抑制生物膜形成(37.50%)和降解现有 MDR 大肠杆菌生物膜(37.43%)的能力。这些发现凸显了葡萄孢甘露聚糖作为一种有效的抗生物膜剂在临床应用中的潜力。进一步探索和优化甘露聚糖的治疗潜力对于充分发挥其抗击 MDR-E. coli 引起的生物膜相关感染的功效至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Quantification of thermo-halotolerant alkaline protease activity derived from Bacillus licheniformis strains isolated from extreme environments in Morocco 摩洛哥极端环境中分离的地衣芽孢杆菌耐热盐碱性蛋白酶活性的定量分析
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-11 DOI: 10.21608/nrmj.2023.325660
Taha Chouati, Ounayssa Ayadi, Mohammed Ajdig, Lahcen Ouchari, Bahia Rached, Jamila El Alami, Elmostafa El Fahime
Proteases; especially alkaline proteases, constitute the most used group of enzymes in industry. The wide scope of their application requires varying properties; most commonly stability throughout the conditional changes that would occur during the various industrial processes. This study aimed to identify the potentially interesting bacterial strains obtained from Moroccan extreme environment
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引用次数: 0
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Novel Research in Microbiology Journal
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